TY - JOUR A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Wollenschläger, Nicole A1 - Gradt, Thomas A1 - Wolter, Christian A1 - Reinstädt, Philipp A1 - Zeigmeister, U. A1 - Dmitriev, A. I. A1 - Nikonov, A. Y. T1 - Potential of different nickel coatings for optimizing the sliding behavior of electrical connectors N2 - The potential of several nickel coatings was investigated by reciprocating sliding tests against copper thus simulating the plug-socket system of an electrical connector. KW - Electrical connectors KW - Electro-plated nickel coatings KW - Electroless Ni-P KW - Cold-welding KW - Tribooxidation PY - 2018 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2018.01.006 SN - 0301-679X SN - 1879-2464 VL - 120 SP - 491 EP - 501 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-44468 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Urban, Ingrid A1 - Reier, T. A1 - Schultze, J. T1 - XPS and XTEM study of AlN formation by N+2 implantation of aluminium N2 - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) were used to study the formation of AlN films by N+2 ion implantation of aluminium at energies of 3 keV and 100 keV. In both cases, a two-stage mechanism was found, comprising first the oriented precipitation of small particles of the hexagonal AlN-phase, followed by growth and coalescence finally forming a continuous AlN-layer while increasing the implantation dose from 1×1017 cm-2 to 2×1017 cm-2. The results of both methods are in excellent agreement and furthermore provide complementary information concerning chemical composition and binding energies as well as microstructural details. KW - AIN KW - Aluminium KW - N2+ KW - Implantation KW - XPS KW - XTEM PY - 1998 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00355-7 SN - 0257-8972 VL - 102 IS - 1-2 SP - 168 EP - 174 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-2363 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Prietzel, Claudia A1 - Rooch, Heidemarie A1 - Cristol-Bulthé, A.-L. A1 - Defallaix, G. A1 - Desplanques, Y. T1 - A comprehensive microscopic study of third body formation at the interface between a brake pad and brake disc during the final stage of a pin-on-disc test KW - Brake KW - Third body KW - Wear KW - Friction KW - Nano-scale KW - TEM PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2008.11.023 SN - 0043-1648 VL - 267 IS - 5-8 SP - 781 EP - 788 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-19450 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Gesatzke, Wolfgang A1 - Rooch, Heidemarie A1 - Urban, Ingrid T1 - Charakterisierung tribologischer Kontakte mit FIB und TEM KW - FIB KW - TEM KW - Verbundwerkstoff KW - Bremse KW - Diamantschicht PY - 2004 SN - 0032-678X N1 - Sprachen: Deutsch/Englisch - Languages: German/English VL - 41 IS - 4 SP - 166 EP - 179 PB - Hanser CY - München AN - OPUS4-3496 LA - mul AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Deutsch, Cornelius A1 - Rooch, Heidemarie A1 - Dörfel, Ilona T1 - Friction films on C-SiC discs after dynamometer tests with different commercial brake pads T2 - EuroBrake 2012 CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 2012-04-16 KW - Ceramic disc KW - Friction film KW - PMC-pad KW - SM-pad KW - Third body PY - 2012 IS - EB2012-FM-01 SP - 1 EP - 9 AN - OPUS4-26823 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Deutsch, Cornelius A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Gradt, Thomas A1 - Häusler, Ines A1 - Orts-Gil, G. A1 - Prietzel, C. A1 - Schneider, Thomas T1 - Final outcome of a fundamental research project on tribofilms formed during automotive braking, Part 1: Experimental studies N2 - In order to obtain a better understanding of the role of tribofilms during automotive braking, their structures were investigated and the essential features identified. Next, different ingredient combinations were studied by preparing some model materials with simpler compositions than real tribofilms. A test method was developed for verifying the tribological properties of the model materials and for comparison with results obtained with numerical sliding simulations of such structures. Prerequisites of good brake Performance properties were identified. Although the coefficient of friction could be varied in a wide ränge, smooth sliding conditions could only be achieved with values smaller than 0.4. Tests with artificial third body powders turned out to be useful as screening method for the selection of raw materials for brake pad formulations. T2 - EuroBrake 2014 CY - Lille, France DA - 13.05.2014 KW - Tribofilm KW - Third body KW - Pad ingredients KW - Ball milling KW - Pin-on-disc test PY - 2014 SN - 978-0-9572076-4-6 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - FISITA CY - London AN - OPUS4-35039 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Bresch, Harald A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Prietzel, Claudia A1 - Seeger, Stefan A1 - Fink, C. A1 - Giese, A. A1 - Walter, J. T1 - Surface film formation and dust generation during brake performance tests T2 - Braking 2009 CY - York, UK DA - 2009-06-09 KW - Bremse KW - Dritter Körper KW - Verschleiß KW - Reibung KW - Nanocharakterisierung KW - Aerosol PY - 2009 SN - 978-1-84334-559-6 IS - C672/028/09 SP - 29 EP - 38 PB - Woodhead Publishing Ltd AN - OPUS4-19574 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Bresch, Harald A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Fink, C. A1 - Giese, A. A1 - Prietzel, Claudia A1 - Seeger, Stefan A1 - Walter, J. T1 - Examination of airborne brake dust T2 - JEF 2010 - 6th European conference on braking CY - Lille, France DA - 2010-11-24 KW - Brake dust KW - Nanoparticles KW - Size-distribution PY - 2010 SP - 1 EP - 6(?) AN - OPUS4-22655 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urban, Ingrid A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Schierhorn, Eike T1 - Interfaces between hard coating systems and substrates T2 - 11th European Conference on Electron Microscopy (EUREM-11) CY - Dublin, Ireland DA - 1996-08-26 PY - 1996 SN - 2-9600163-0-0 PB - CESM, Committee of European Societies of Microscopy CY - Brussels AN - OPUS4-2545 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schempp, Philipp A1 - Cross, C.E. A1 - Pittner, Andreas A1 - Oder, Gabriele A1 - Neumann, R.S. A1 - Rooch, Heidemarie A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Rethmeier, Michael T1 - Solidification of GTA aluminium weld metal: Part I - Grain morphology dependent upon alloy composition and grain refiner content KW - Aluminium KW - Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) KW - Grain refinement KW - Columnar to equiaxed transition (CET) KW - Epitaxial nucleation KW - Duplex nucleation theory PY - 2014 SN - 0043-2296 SN - 0096-7629 VL - 93 SP - 53-s - 59-s PB - American Welding Society CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-30413 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rudolf, A. A1 - Kaiser, W.-D. A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Engelhardt, Monika A1 - Österle, Werner T1 - Zum Zusammenhang von Filiformkorrosion und Gefüge von Aluminiumlegierungen, Teil I PY - 2002 SN - 0002-6689 N1 - Sprachen: Deutsch/Englisch - Languages: German/English VL - 78 IS - 7/8 SP - 596 EP - 601 PB - Giesel CY - Isernhagen AN - OPUS4-2074 LA - mul AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rudolf, A. A1 - Kaiser, W.-D. A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Engelhardt, Monika A1 - Österle, Werner T1 - Zum Zusammenhang von Filiformkorrosion und Gefüge von Aluminiumlegierungen, Teil II PY - 2002 SN - 0002-6689 N1 - Sprachen: Deutsch/Englisch - Languages: German/English VL - 78 IS - 11 SP - 994 EP - 1000 PB - Giesel CY - Isernhagen AN - OPUS4-2075 LA - mul AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ressel, P. A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Urban, Ingrid A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Klein, A. A1 - Vogel, K. A1 - Kräutle, H. T1 - Transmission electron microscopy study of rapid thermally annealed Pd/Ge contacts on IN0.53Ga0.47As PY - 1996 SN - 0021-8979 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 88 SP - 3910 EP - 3914 PB - American Institute of Physics CY - Melville, NY AN - OPUS4-2514 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Merk, Virginia A1 - Schulte, Franziska A1 - Rooch, Heidemarie A1 - Feldmann, Ines A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Panne, Ulrich A1 - Kneipp, Janina T1 - Surface-enhanced Raman scattering with silver nanostructures generated in situ in a sporopollenin biopolymer matrix N2 - Silver nanoparticles were generated based on citrate reduction in the ultrastructure of the sporopollenin biopolymer of Ambrosia artemisiifolia (ragweed) and Secale cereale (rye). The nanoparticles enable the acquisition of SERS spectra and thereby a vibrational characterization of the local molecular structure of sporopollenin. PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c0cc05326k SN - 0022-4936 SN - 0009-241x SN - 1359-7345 SN - 1364-548x N1 - Geburtsname von Merk, Virginia: Joseph, V. - Birth name of Merk, Virginia: Joseph, V. VL - 47 IS - 11 SP - 3236 EP - 3238 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge AN - OPUS4-23482 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kranz, I. A1 - Gonzalez, J.B. A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Gemeinert, Marion A1 - Griepentrog, Michael A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Knabe, C. A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Gross, U. T1 - Biological response to micron- and nanometer-sized particles known as potential wear products from artificial hip joints: Part II: Reaction of murine macrophages to corundum particles of different size distributions KW - Macrophages KW - Cytokines KW - Nanoparticles (NP) KW - Microparticles (MP) KW - Corundum PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.32121 SN - 1549-3296 SN - 1552-4965 VL - 89A IS - 2 SP - 390 EP - 401 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ AN - OPUS4-19346 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Häusler, Ines A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Peplinski, Burkhard A1 - Dietrich, Paul A1 - Unger, Wolfgang A1 - Österle, Werner T1 - Comprehensive characterization of ball-milled powders simulating a tribofilm system N2 - A model system was used to simulate the properties of tribofilms which form during automotive braking. The model system was prepared by ball milling of a blend of 70 vol.% iron oxides, 15 vol.% molybdenum disulfide and 15 vol.% graphite. The resulting mixture was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and various transmission electron microscopic (TEM) methods, including energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), high resolution investigations (HRTEM) with corresponding simulation of the HRTEM images, diffraction methods such as scanning nano-beam electron diffraction (SNBED) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). It could be shown that the ball milling caused a reduction of the grain size of the initial components to the nanometer range. Sometimes even amorphization or partial break-down of the crystal structure was observed for MoS2 and graphite. Moreover, chemical reactions lead to a formation of surface coverings of the nanoparticles by amorphous material, molybdenum oxides, and iron sulfates as derived from XPS. KW - Tribofilm model system KW - Ball milling KW - X-ray powder diffraction KW - Transmission electron microscopy PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2015.11.024 SN - 1044-5803 SN - 1873-4189 VL - 111 SP - 183 EP - 192 PB - Elsevier CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-35051 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gemeinert, Marion A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Griepentrog, Michael A1 - Gross, U. A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Knabe, C. A1 - Kranz, I. A1 - Österle, Werner T1 - Biological response to micron- and nanometer-sized particles known as potential wear products from artificial hip joints: Part I: Selection and characterization of model particles KW - Hip joint endoprostheses KW - Wear products KW - Particle size distribution KW - Model particles KW - Dispersing behavior of particles PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.31952 SN - 1549-3296 SN - 1552-4965 VL - 89A IS - 2 SP - 379 EP - 389 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ AN - OPUS4-19345 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Urban, Ingrid A1 - Bouzy, E. A1 - Morlok, O. T1 - Microstructural characterization of binary and ternary hard coating sytems for wear protection - Part II: Ti(CN) PACVD coatings KW - Microstructure KW - PACVD KW - Solid lubrication KW - Texture KW - TiC KW - TiN KW - Ti(CN) PY - 1999 SN - 0257-8972 VL - 116-119 SP - 898 EP - 905 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-2365 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Urban, Ingrid A1 - Bouzy, E. T1 - Microstructural characterization of binary and ternary hard coating systems for wear protection - Part I: PVD coatings N2 - Different wear-resistant coatings produced by physical vapour deposition (PVD) were characterized with the aid of cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM). All coating systems were optimized by the producers and exhibited good properties with respect to their special applications. The microstructure, texture and chemical composition of binary and ternary systems produced by the arc process [TiN, CrN, Cr2N (Ti, Cr)N on steel substrates] and magnetron sputtering process [TiN, CrN on steel substrates, (Ti, Al)N on Si-substrate] were investigated. All coatings had a more or less columnar microstructure, which was interrupted by interlayers in some cases. Whereas arc coatings always did show some kind of substrate modification, the latter was not observed after magnetron sputtering. Electron diffraction normally revealed a mono-phase fcc structure, except at sites very near to the interface. Only for the systems Cr–N and (Ti, Cr)–N were different additional phases observed at low nitrogen partial pressures. KW - Arc bond sputtering KW - Arc deposition KW - Magnetron sputtering KW - TEM KW - XTEM PY - 1999 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TVV-3VTRSCY-G&_user=963821&_coverDate=01%2F29%2F1999&_rdoc=14&_fmt=summary&_orig=browse&_srch=doc-info(%23toc%235544%231999%23998889997%2360972%23FLA%23display%23Volume)&_cdi=5544&_sort=d&_docanch DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00735-X SN - 0257-8972 VL - 111 IS - 2-3 SP - 199 EP - 209 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-2364 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Rooch, Heidemarie A1 - Österle, Werner T1 - Microstructural differences between two Zr(C,N) coatings revealed by analytical transmission electron microscopy N2 - The microstructures of two samples of a Zr(C,N) coating on steel, which unexpectedly differed in their tribological properties, were investigated by analytical transmission electron microscopy. The samples were produced by a cathodic arc evaporation process in two commercial coating devices under similar coating conditions with the exception of the number of Zr targets. The source of the differing tribological properties of the samples was detected by analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), energy filtering TEM (EFTEM), electron diffraction, high resolution electron microscopy, and high angel annular dark field. The TEM preparation and the results of the TEM investigations are shown in detail. The origin of the unexpected behavior was determined to be a nano-scale multilayer structure that existed only in the tribologically superior specimen. EDX and EFTEM investigations indicated enrichment in oxygen at the interface between coating and steel substrate in the tribologically inferior sample. Findings of the microstructural configuration were obtained by taking a closer look at the structure and comparing the results of the several analytical TEM techniques. This allows the allocation of the concentration fluctuations in N, C, and Zr to the two thickness fractions of the nano multilayers and a local correlation of the identified minority phase Zr3(C,N)4 to the higher N content in the narrower type of the multilayer fraction of the sample with the excellent tribological properties. The minority phase Zr3(C,N)4 is randomly distributed in the sample with the defective tribological properties. Coating conditions are not topic of this work, but after discussion of the TEM results, the fact that one of the coating devices worked with one Zr target and the other one with two, could be identified as cause for the formation of the nano multilayer structure in the sample with the superior tribological properties. KW - Analytical transmission electron microscopy KW - Tribological coatings KW - Multilayers KW - Analytical TEM KW - Coatings KW - Nano-multilayer PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2012.02.051 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 520 IS - 13 SP - 4275 EP - 4281 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-25657 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Gesatzke, Wolfgang A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Skopp, André T1 - Characterization of defects in dry-pressed green bodies PY - 1994 SN - 1013-9826 VL - 89-91 SP - 763 EP - 767 PB - Trans Tech Publ. CY - Aedermannsdorf AN - OPUS4-2413 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Effner, Ute A1 - Glaubitz, Steffen A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Rudolph, Edith ED - Ziegler, G. T1 - Charakterisierung hochfester ZrO2-Werkstoffe T2 - Werkstoffwoche '96 (WW) CY - Stuttgart, Deutschland DA - 1996-05-28 PY - 1997 SN - 3-88355-234-8 VL - 6 SP - 691 EP - 702 PB - DGM Informationsges. CY - Frankfurt AN - OPUS4-2635 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Coniglio, N. A1 - Cross, Carl Edward A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Österle, Werner T1 - Phase formation in 6060/4043 aluminium weld solidification N2 - Weld metal microstructure for alloy 6060 aluminum welds, made using the gas-tungsten arc process and alloy 4043 filler metal, has been characterized using optical metallography, EPMA microprobe analysis, SEM/EBSD and STEM/EDX electron microscopy, and single-sensor differential thermal analysis (SS-DTA). In addition, alloy 6060 castings were solidified at variable cooling rates approaching that of welding, to provide a reference for comparison with weld microstructure. It was found that a major change in cast microstructure occurs at cooling rates higher than 27 K/s resulting in a structure similar to that observed in weld metal. Rapid cooling is believed to favor low temperature solidification reactions that normally would be achieved only at higher silicon content. Accordingly, additions of 4043 filler metal that increase the weld metal silicon content have only limited affect on weld solidification range and microstructure. This has direct implications regarding how 4043 filler additions improve weldability and weld quality. KW - 6060 aluminium KW - GTA weld KW - Weld metal microstructure KW - Cooling rate KW - Scanning TEM KW - Thermal analysis PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2009.03.087 SN - 0921-5093 SN - 1873-4936 VL - 517 IS - 1-2 SP - 321 EP - 327 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-20625 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Bresch, Harald A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Steinborn, Gabriele A1 - Krietsch, Arne A1 - Langner, Jeanette A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Seeger, Stefan T1 - Physical-chemical characterization of NM105(P25) N2 - NM 105, Ti02 (P25) could not be ignited as dust layer and dispersed in air as dust/air-mixture as well. This dust is not dust explosible and the burning behaviour corresponds to Burning Class 1 (no Ignition). The results have shown that the tested sample is thus not combustible at all, because it is already oxidized completely. KW - OECD KW - WPMN KW - TiO2 KW - NM105 KW - P25 KW - Sponsorship programme PY - 2012 SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-27322 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -