TY - CONF A1 - Ecker, Melanie A1 - Pretsch, Thorsten T1 - Durability of QR code carriers based on shape memory polymer T2 - SMASIS2012 - ASME 2012 Conference on smart materials, adaptive structures and intelligent systems (Proceedings) N2 - The surface of a shape memory poly(ester urethane) (PEU) was either black- or blue-colored to obtain switchable quick response (QR) codes after laser engraving and thermomechanical functionalization (programming). The investigation of dye and functional stability against UVA and hydrolytic aging (at 23 and 60 °C) gave that contrast decline due to dye decolorization (in case of UVA aging) or distinct dye diffusion (in case of hydrolytic aging) finally inhibited the QR code readability. By contrast, PEU as marked base material could be adequately fixed and recovered even when the Michelson contrast in the QR code region was falling in course of aging below a crucial value of 0.1, whereupon the QR code was no longer readable. Hence, we concluded that under the given experimental conditions the decisive parameter for tag applicability was the surface contrast. T2 - SMASIS2012 - ASME 2012 Conference on smart materials, adaptive structures and intelligent systems CY - Stone Mountain, Georgia, USA DA - 2012-09-19 KW - Shape memory polymer KW - Durability KW - QR code KW - Poly(ester urethane) KW - Product and brand protection applications KW - Counterfeit-proof labels KW - Tags KW - QR code carriers KW - Switchable information carriers KW - Functionalization KW - Surface-specific dyeing PY - 2012 IS - SMASIS2012-8038 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - ASME AN - OPUS4-27884 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ecker, Melanie A1 - Pretsch, Thorsten T1 - Freely configurable functionalization tool for switchable information carriers T2 - 3rd WMRIF Workshop for young materials scientists (Proceedings) N2 - The selective compression of quick response (QR) and Data Matrix code carriers based on shape memory polymer (SMP) with a freely configurable steel ball type indenter and adjacent thermo-mechanical shape fixing gave notched, room temperature (23 °C) stable, temporary shapes with non-decipherable codes. The microscopic investigation of cryomicrotome sections unveiled indentation-related shape fixities of about 90%. Independent of the selected two-dimensional code, the triggering of the SM effect resulted in sufficient shape recoveries to restore the code readability so that a maximum number of characters including 122 for a QR code (version 7) and 112 in case of a Data Matrix code (version 12) could be read with a scanning and decoding device. Due to the large number of difficult to copy shapes with on demand releasable information, SMPs may serve as viable information carriers for product and brand protection applications. T2 - 3rd WMRIF Workshop for young materials scientists CY - Pathumthani, Thailand DA - 2012-08-28 KW - Shape memory polymer KW - QR code KW - Data matrix code KW - Poly(ester urethane) KW - Product and brand protection applications KW - Tags KW - Switchable information carriers KW - Freely configurable functionalization KW - Selective deformation KW - Steel ball type indenter KW - Spherical indentation KW - Cryomicrotome sections KW - Surface-specific dyeing PY - 2012 SP - 1 EP - 10(?) AN - OPUS4-27887 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mirtschin, Nikolaus A1 - Pretsch, Thorsten T1 - Miniturization of QR code carriers based on shape memory polymer T2 - SMASIS2012 - ASME 2012 Conference on smart materials, adaptive structures and intelligent systems (Proceedings) N2 - Here we present a suitable tag prototype with phasesegregated poly(ester urethane) (PEU) as base material for effectively switching a quick response (QR) code in its surface from non-readable to readable. In comparison with recently introduced tags (different geometry) we minimized the thickness from plaque (2 mm) to foil size (0.5 mm) and reduced the lateral QR code length from 15 to 5 mm. Subsequent to surface-dyeing by means of guest diffusion, the QR code was laser-engraved. The implementation of thermo-mechanical functionalization via tensile deformation and cooling resulted in the formation of stable shapes, which exceeded the barrier of QR code readability at an elongation of 20%. Once functionalized, tags were switched on demand by heating. As such the recovery of the PEU was accomplished and the QR code could again be read out. QR code carriers based on shape memory polymer can be used in product and brand protection applications. T2 - SMASIS2012 - ASME 2012 Conference on smart materials, adaptive structures and intelligent systems CY - Stone Mountain, Georgia, USA DA - 2012-09-19 KW - Shape memory polymer KW - QR code KW - Poly(ester urethane) KW - Product and brand protection applications KW - Counterfeit-proof labels KW - Tags KW - Switchable information carriers KW - Functionalization KW - Miniaturization KW - Surface-specific dyeing KW - Victoria Blue B PY - 2012 N1 - Geburtsname von Mirtschin, Nikolaus: Fritzsche, N. - Birth name of Mirtschin, Nikolaus: Fritzsche, N. IS - SMASIS2012-8036 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - ASME AN - OPUS4-27886 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pretsch, Thorsten A1 - Ecker, Melanie A1 - Schildhauer, Markus A1 - Maskos, Michael T1 - Switchable information carriers based on shape memory polymer JF - Journal of materials chemistry N2 - Herein we demonstrate the realization of a new technological concept, which enables the use of shape memory polymers (SMPs) as switchable information carriers. At first, we applied a surface-specific dyeing process based on 'guest-diffusion' on two sophisticated polymeric host materials, including a thermoplastic poly(ester urethane) SMP and a thermoset epoxy-based SMP. Upon drying, self-assembly of the dye molecules inside the polymer surfaces occurred, resulting in homogeneous color penetration depths of about 100 µm. Subsequently, the colored surfaces were patterned with quick response (QR) codes. For this purpose, laser ablation was used. The resulting cavity depth was exceeding the color penetration depth. This assured sufficient surface contrast and rendered the QR codes machine-readable. In a progressive approach, two thermo-mechanical functionalization protocols were designed in accordance with the thermal properties of the polymers. As a result of programming, the tag prototypes were converted into stable, temporary shapes with non-decodable QR code information. When thermally triggering the shape memory effect on the functionalized tags, we verified the mostly complete recovery of the polymer surface and the associated restoration into the almost original shape. As such, the QR code could again precisely be read out. We anticipate that tagging products with these information carriers is helpful for the purpose of secure one-time identification. KW - Shape memory polymer KW - Epoxy-based polymer KW - Poly(ester urethane) KW - Thermo-responsive polymer KW - Laser ablation KW - Laser marking KW - QR code KW - Functionalized tags KW - Tag technology KW - Smart tagging KW - Switchable information carrier KW - Authentification KW - Identification KW - Surface-specific dyeing KW - Guest diffusion PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c2jm16204k SN - 0959-9428 SN - 1364-5501 VL - 22 IS - 16 SP - 7757 EP - 7766 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge AN - OPUS4-25737 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -