TY - GEN A1 - Nolze, Gert ED - Sen Gupta, S. P. ED - Chatterjee, P. T1 - PowderCell : a mixture between crystal structure visualizer, simulation and refinement tool N2 - The program PowderCell is a crystallographic tool for visualization of Crystal structures. However, it offers also non-conventional features like the fulautomatical generation of subgroups or the consideration of non-standard settings of space-group types. On the one Hand the program is very useful for non-crystallographers who like to get an impression of the atomic arrangement within the unit cell. But also for crystallographers it is recommendable because it contains a lot of additional information which can be extracted and used like data given in the International Tables for Crystallography, Vol. A. However, the most important advantage of the program is the simultaneous calculation of the X-ray or neutron diffraction powder patterns for a mixture of up to 10 crystalline phases. Between more than 7 different characteristic radiations can be chosen and their influence on the resulting powder pattern can be studied. Furthermore, experimental diffractograms can be analysed using a refinement procedure. The implemented LeBail-algorithm allows the investigation of unknown phases. In combination with the refinement algorithm an interface to Shelx offers the possibility for a step by step ab initio structure analysis. Certainly, the user-friendly shell is one reason that especially users who are not so familar with space-group symmetry, crystal structure data or diffractometry use this powerful tool for the solution of scientific or analytical problems as well as in teaching. KW - XRD KW - Simulation KW - Crystal structure KW - Neutron diffraction PY - 2002 SN - 8177642626 SN - 9788177642629 SP - 146 EP - 155 PB - Allied Publishers CY - Kolkata, India AN - OPUS4-38035 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Hensel, Christina A1 - Schmidtchen, Ulrich A1 - Holtappels, Kai T1 - The behavior of acetylene cylinders involved in fire: An experimental and numerical analysis N2 - Fire exposure tests of acetylene cylinders were performed. The purpose of the experiments was to gather information on the behavior in fire of such vessels, depending on the initial charge of acetylene. In fact "empty" acetylene cylinders still contain the solvent in which acetylene is dissolved plus the amount of acetylene to saturation at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature and may still constitute a threat to safety. In the fire exposure tests performed the hazardousness of these vessels was demonstrated, since it was observed that not only fully charged acetylene cylinders but also cylinders with saturated solvent can explode, provided the heat transfer to the vessel is sufficient. The times to explosion were shorter for fully charged cylinders, due to the higher initial pressure and to the faster pressure increase. The effects of the explosions are comparable for both fully charged cylinders and for cylinders with saturated solvent, except for the smaller fireball which is produced in the second case, due to the smaller amount of fuel available. In both cases the cylinder walls or at least fragments can fly further than 100 m away from the burst location. Results of the experiments are presented in the paper. During the tests, temperature measurements at the cylinder walls and in the cylinder interior were performed. Furthermore, the pressure in the cylinder was recorded. The collected data will serve for the validation of a numerical model for the simulation of the heating of acetylene cylinders involved in fire and of the afterward cooling with water, which has been developed. The constitutive model equations and the results of some simulations are presented in the paper. T2 - 19th International congress of chemical and process engineering (CHISA 2010) / 7th European congress of chemical engineering (ECCE-7) CY - Prague, Czech Republic DA - 2010-08-28 KW - Safety KW - Acetylene KW - Heat transfer KW - Fire KW - Simulation PY - 2010 SN - 978-80-02-02210-7 N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. IS - F3.1 / 0973 SP - 1 EP - 13 CY - Prague, Czech Republic AN - OPUS4-21923 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Poli, Marco A1 - Blanchard, Robert A1 - Grätz, Rainer ED - Suter, G. ED - de Rademaeker, E. T1 - Venting of turbulent gas explosions T2 - 13th International symposium on loss prevention and safety promotion in the process industries CY - Brugge, Belgium DA - 2010-06-06 KW - Explosionsdruckentlastung KW - Simulation KW - ANSYS CFX KW - Explosionsschutz KW - Sicherheitstechnik PY - 2010 SN - 978-90-76019-291 VL - 02 SP - 165 EP - 172 CY - Brugge, Belgium AN - OPUS4-21442 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - von Oertzen, Alexander T1 - Simulating fireworks chain-reactions with cellular automata T2 - 11th International symposium on fireworks CY - Puerto Vallarta, México DA - 2009-04-20 KW - Simulation KW - Explosionswirkung KW - Feuerwerk KW - CHAF PY - 2009 SN - 978-0-9734123-8-3 SP - 1 EP - 17(?) AN - OPUS4-19394 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Qiao, Linan A1 - Zencker, Uwe A1 - Wieser, Günter A1 - Völzke, Holger ED - Topping, B. H. V. ED - M. Papadrakakis, T1 - Numerical safety assessment of a transport and storage cask for radioactive materials without impact limiters by the 0.3m drop test onto an unyielding target T2 - 9th International Conference on Computational Structures Technology (CST2008) CY - Athens, Greece DA - 2008-09-02 KW - Impact KW - Simulation KW - Cask KW - Safety KW - Drop KW - Foundation KW - Unyielding KW - Target PY - 2008 SN - 978-1-905088-23-2 IS - Paper 21 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Civil Comp Press CY - Kippen AN - OPUS4-18340 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niederleithinger, Ernst ED - Jaime Alberto dos Santos, T1 - Numerical simulation of low strain dynamic pile tests T2 - 8th International Conference on the Application of Stress Wave Theory to Piles - Science, Technology and Practice CY - Lisbon, Portugal DA - 2008-09-08 KW - Pile integrity testing KW - Parallel seismic KW - Simulation KW - EFIT PY - 2008 SN - 978-1-58603-909-7 SP - 315 EP - 320 PB - IOS Press BV AN - OPUS4-17916 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neumann, Martin A1 - Wille, Frank ED - Topping, B. H. V. ED - M. Papadrakakis, T1 - Simulation of the Crushing of Wood Filled Impact Limiters for Packages of Radioactive Material N2 - Mechanical and thermal safety assessment of packages for transport of radioactive material in Germany is carried out by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM). Both experimental and computational (analytical, numerical) methods combined with material and/or component tests are the basis for the state of the art safety assessment concept at BAM. The required mechanical tests according to IAEA regulations include, among others, a 9-m-drop-test on an unyielding target. Impact limiting components, which are attached to the cask at both ends, limit forces applied on the cask body and lid system by absorbing a major part of the impact energy. In Germany, impact limiters of packages for transport of radioactive materials are typically of steel-wood-sandwich construction, combining a relatively stiff steel structure bolted to the cask body, outer steel plates and different types of wood. By crushing the wood-steel-sandwich-structure between an unyielding target and the cask, the kinetic energy of a 9-m-free-fall is absorbed. The main energy absorber is wood under a high level of deformation. Wood under large deformations exhibits destruction of the fibre matrix. By analysing compression of the impact limiter wood after the drop tests with prototype casks for radioactive material, underlying mechanisms of wood crushing and corresponding energy absorption under large deformations are identified. Softening occuring at compression of the wood is a function of the lateral strain restriction of wood. Against the background of continuum mechanics an analogous model for compression of the fibre bundle is presented. The model takes the lateral strain restriction as triaxiality of the stress state into account. Further modelling possibilities for wood with a continuum approach are described. Different material laws in the explicit finite element code LS-DYNA are analysed for possible application using the analogous model for the fibre bundle. Small scale compression tests with wooden specimens are modelled in order to evaluate the ability of different modelling techniques to simulate softening. Although modelling of the compression of wood under large deformations is possible, softening could not be simulated purposefully. A drop test of a cask with impact limiting devices similar to existing impact limiters is simulated with different material laws for wood. The behaviour of impact limiting devices could not be simulated universally including the influence of the lateral strain restriction; nevertheless loading of the cask by crushing of the impact limiter could be simulated purposefully. Verification with experimental results is essential. T2 - 9th International Conference on Computational Structures Technology CY - Athens, Greece DA - 2008-09-02 KW - Radioactive material KW - Transport KW - Impact limiter KW - Simulation KW - FEM PY - 2008 SN - 978-1-905088-22-5 IS - Paper 22 SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - Civil Comp Press CY - Stirlingshire, Scotland, UK AN - OPUS4-17891 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Günther, Burkhard A1 - Bettge, Dirk A1 - Portella, Pedro Dolabella A1 - Skrotzki, Birgit A1 - Hemptenmacher, J. A1 - Peters, P.W.M. ED - Pandey, A. ED - Kendig, K. L. ED - Lewandowski, J. T1 - Fatigue behavior and fatigue damage of a Ti-6242/SCS-6 metal matrix composite T2 - TMS 2007 annual meeting & exhibition CY - Orlando, FL, USA DA - 2007-02-25 KW - Metal matrix composites KW - Isothermal fatigue KW - Thermo-mechnical fatigue KW - Damage analysis KW - Viscoplastic model KW - Simulation PY - 2007 SN - 9780873396660 SP - 127 EP - 136 PB - TMS CY - Warrendale, Pa AN - OPUS4-14615 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fedelich, Bernard A1 - Kiyak, Yusuf A1 - May, Thomas A1 - Pfennig, Anja ED - Gdoutos, E. T1 - Simulation of crack growth under low cycle fatigue at high temperature in a single crystal superalloy T2 - 16th European Conference of Fracture "Fracture of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures" CY - Alexandroupolis, Greece DA - 2006-07-03 KW - Simulation KW - Experiment KW - Crack growth KW - Low cycle fatigue KW - High temperature KW - Single crystal KW - Superalloy KW - Oxidation PY - 2006 SN - 1-402-04971-4 IS - 900_tra SP - 8 pages PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht AN - OPUS4-12556 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofmann-Böllinghaus, Anja A1 - Schneider, U. A1 - Cziesielski, E. T1 - Variation of Testing Conditions in Single Burning Item Tests T2 - 10th International Fire Science & Engineering Conference "Interflam 2004" CY - Edinburgh, Scotland, UK DA - 2004-07-05 KW - Single burning item test KW - Simulation KW - Fire combustion KW - Computational Fluid Dynamics PY - 2004 SN - 0-9541216-4-3 N1 - Geburtsname von Hofmann-Böllinghaus, Anja: Hofmann, A. - Birth name of Hofmann-Böllinghaus, Anja: Hofmann, A. SP - 17 EP - 23 PB - Interscience Communications CY - London AN - OPUS4-3809 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -