TY - JOUR A1 - Nawaz, Q. A1 - Blaeß, Carsten A1 - Mueller, Ralf A1 - Boccaccini, A.R. T1 - Processing and cytocompatibility of Cu-doped and undoped fluoride-containing bioactive glasses N2 - Sintered or additive-manufactured bioactive glass (BG) scaffolds are highly interesting for bone replacement applications. However, crystallization often limits the high-temperature processability of bioactive glasses (BGs). Thus, the BG composition must combine high bioactivity and processability. In this study, three BGs with nominal molar (%) compositions 54.6SiO2-1.7P2O3-22.1CaO-6.0Na2O-7.9K2O-7.7MgO (13–93), 44.8SiO2-2.5P2O3-36.5CaO-6.6Na2O-6.6K2O-3.0CaF2 (F3) and 44.8SiO2-2.5P2O3-35.5CaO-6.6Na2O-6.6K2O-3.0CaF2-1.0CuO (F3–Cu) were investigated. The dissolution and ion release kinetics were investigated on milled glass powder and crystallized particles (500–600 μm). All glasses showed the precipitation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystals after 7 days of immersion in simulated body fluid. No significant differences in ion release from glass and crystalline samples were detected. The influence of surface roughness on cytocompatibility and growth of preosteoblast cells (MC3T3-E1) was investigated on sintered and polished BG pellets. Results showed that sintered BG pellets were cytocompatible, and cells were seen to be well attached and spread on the surface after 5 days of incubation. The results showed an inverse relation of cell viability with the surface roughness of pellets, and cells were seen to attach and spread along the direction of scratches. KW - Bioactive glass KW - Crystallization KW - Solubility KW - Cytocompatibility KW - Surface roughness PY - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-598257 SN - 2666-5395 VL - 18 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-59825 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blaeß, Carsten A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Boccaccini, A. R. T1 - Sintering and crystallization kinetics of bioactive glass 13-93 N2 - This study investigates the sintering and crystallization behavior and kinetic of the bioactive glass (BG) 13–93 with nominal composition (in mol%): 54.6 SiO2 - 1.7 P2O3 - 22.1 CaO - 6.0 Na2O - 7.9 K2O - 7.7 MgO. Sintering and crystallization were investigated non-isothermally for various particle size fractions smaller than 315 μm as well as for bulk samples. Densification was not hindered by the presence of crystalline phases across all particle size fractions. Afterwards, wollastonite was found as the dominant crystal phase at higher temperature which resorb primary surface precipitation-like quartz crystallites. The growth direction shifts into volume when the sample surface is nearly covered. The crystal growth rate of wollastonite was calculated from the crystalline surface layer thickness measured during heating. The findings of this study are relevant for the high temperature processing of BG 13–93. KW - Bioactive glass KW - Sintering KW - Crystallization PY - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2023.122790 SN - 0022-3093 VL - 627 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Elsevier AN - OPUS4-59337 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gomes Fernandes, Roger A1 - Al-Mukadam, Raschid A1 - Bornhöft, Hansjörg A1 - Reinsch, Stefan A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Selle, Susanne A1 - Deubener, Joachim T1 - Viscous Sintering of Acid Leached Glass Powders N2 - The process of viscous flow sintering is a phenomenon that is closely linked to the surface properties of the glass particles. In this work, we studied the extreme case of acid-leaching of soda-lime-silicate glass beads of two different particle size distributions and its effects on non-isothermal viscous sintering of powder compacts. Depth profiling of the chemical composition after leaching revealed a near-surface layer depleted in alkali and alkaline earth ions, associated with concurrent hydration as mass loss was detected by thermogravimetry. Heating microscopy showed that acid treatment of glasses shifted the sinter curves to higher temperatures with increasing leaching time. Modelling of the shrinkage with the cluster model predicted a higher viscosity of the altered surface layer, while analysis of the time scales of mass transport of mobile species (Na+, Ca2+ and H2O) during isochronous sintering revealed that diffusion of Na+ can compensate for concentration gradients before sintering begins. Also, exchanged water species can diffuse out of the altered layer, but the depletion of Ca2+ in the altered surface layer persists during the sinter interval, resulting in a glass with higher viscosity, which causes sintering to slow down. KW - Glass powder KW - Viscous sintering KW - Acid-leaching KW - Sinter retardation PY - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-589008 VL - 1 SP - 37 EP - 53 AN - OPUS4-58900 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Holzer, Marco A1 - Waurischk, Tina A1 - George, Janine A1 - Maaß, Robert A1 - Müller, Ralf T1 - Silicate glass fracture surface energy calculated from crystal structure and bond-energy data N2 - We present a novel method to predict the fracture surface energy, γ, of isochemically crystallizing silicate glasses using readily available crystallographic structure data of their crystalline counterpart and tabled diatomic chemical bond energies, D0. The method assumes that γ equals the fracture surface energy of the most likely cleavage plane of the crystal. Calculated values were in excellent agreement with those calculated from glass density, network connectivity and D0 data in earlier work. This finding demonstrates a remarkable equivalence between crystal cleavage planes and glass fracture surfaces. KW - Glass KW - Fracture surface energy KW - Toughness KW - Modeling KW - Mechanical properties PY - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2023.122679 SN - 0022-3093 VL - 622 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Elsevier B.V. AN - OPUS4-58767 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Waurischk, Tina T1 - GlasDigital N2 - Der aktuelle Stand (Sep 2023) des Projekts GlasDigital wird präsentiert. Der Fokus liegt hierbei auf einer knappen Übersicht, aus der die nachhaltigen Beiträge für die Innovationsplattform MaterialDigital hervorgehen. T2 - PMD Vollversammlung 2023 CY - Karlsruhe, Germany DA - 21.09.2023 KW - GlasDigital PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58735 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Waurischk, Tina A1 - Arendt, F. A1 - Chen, Y.-F. A1 - Gogula, S. A1 - Kilo, M. A1 - Reinsch, Stefan A1 - Bornhöft, H. A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Deubener, J. A1 - Limbach, R. A1 - Wondraczek, L. A1 - Sierka, M. A1 - Diegeler, A. A1 - Pan, Z. T1 - GlasDigital N2 - Der aktuelle Stand des MateriaDigital1 Projektes GlasDigital wird vorgestellt. Hierbei wird allgemein die Problem- und Zielstellung präsentiert, als auch auf 2 separaten Postern die Ergebnisse. Diese beinhalten zum Einen die smarte Gestaltung der robotergestützten Glasschmelzanlage der BAM inkl. Analytik und zum Anderen die Digitalisierungsbestrebungen im Bereich Glas, d.h. ML-gestützte C-S-P-Simulation, Ontologie für den Werkstoff Glas, Digitaler Zwilling des Gießprozesses. T2 - PMD Vollversammlung 2023 CY - Karlsruhe, Germany DA - 21.09.2023 KW - GlasDigital KW - Ontologie KW - Bildanalyse KW - Simulation KW - Roboter KW - Digitalisierung PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58734 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kilo, M. A1 - Contreras Jaimes, A. A1 - Diegeler, A. A1 - Niebergall, R. A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Waurischk, Tina A1 - Reinsch, Stefan T1 - New Approaches for the Preparation and Characterisation of New Glasses N2 - The new robot-assisted glass melting device at BAM is presented by the manufacturing team within the joint project GlasDigital together with an automatic thermo-optical measurement technique. T2 - UST-DGG joint meeting CY - Orléans, France DA - 23.05.2023 KW - Glass melting KW - Thermo-optical measurement PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58733 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Portella, Pedro Dolabella A1 - Müller, Ralf T1 - The contribution of the Platform MaterialDigital (PMD) in building up a Materials Data Space - Application to glass design and manufacturing N2 - Suitable material solutions are of key importance in designing and producing components for engineering systems – either for functional or structural applications. Materials data are generated, transferred, and introduced at each step along the complete life cycle of a component. A reliable materials data space is therefore crucial in the digital transformation of an industrial branch. A great challenge in establishing a materials data space lies in the complexity and diversity of materials science and engineering. It must be able to handle data from different knowledge areas over several magnitudes of length scale. The Platform MaterialDigital (PMD) is expected to network a large number of repositories of materials data, allowing the direct contact of different stakeholders as materials producers, testing labs, designers and end users. Following the FAIR principles, it will promote the semantic interoperability across the frontiers of materials classes. In the frame of a large joint initiative, PMD works intensively together with currently near 20 research consortia in promoting this exchange (www.material-digital.de). In this presentation we will describe the status of our Platform MaterialDigital. We will also present in more detail the activities of GlasDigital, one of the joint projects mentioned above dealing with the digitalization of glass design and manufacturing. (https://www.bam.de/Content/EN/Projects/GlasDigital/glasdigital.html) T2 - Onto Commons Workshop CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 04.04.2023 KW - Ontology KW - Data space PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-58732 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blaeß, Carsten A1 - Müller, Ralf T1 - Viscous healing of Vickers indentation–induced cracks in glass N2 - AbstractViscous healing of cracks induced by the Vickers indentation in a soda lime magnesium silicate, a soda borosilicate, and a soda aluminosilicate glass (NAS) was studied by laser scanning microscopy. Plots of the crack length, width, and depth normalized to the initial crack length versus time over viscosity merge into single master curves of each of these quantities for each glass. Despite glass properties do not differ strikingly from each other, however, these master curves strongly differ among the glasses. This finding was attributed to a different interplay of various crack healing phenomena. Lateral cracks were found to be responsible for the bulging of the sample surface around the Vickers imprint, which in turn promotes radial crack widening as the main cause of healing delay. The most rapid healing of lateral cracks was observed in NAS in which bulging and crack widening were least pronounced. KW - Crack healing KW - Glass KW - Vickers indentation PY - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-587295 SN - 0002-7820 VL - 106 IS - 10 SP - 5795 EP - 5805 PB - Wiley AN - OPUS4-58729 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reinsch, Stefan A1 - Welter, T. A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Deubener, J. T1 - Hydrogen Permeability of Tectosilicate Glasses for Tank Barrier Liners N2 - The permeation of hydrogen gas was studied in meta-aluminous (tectosilicate) glass powders of Li2O×Al2O3×SiO2 (LAS), Na2O×Al2O3×SiO2 (NAS) and MgO×Al2O3×SiO2 (MAS) systems by pressure loading and vacuum extraction in the temperatures range 210–310 °C. With this method, both the solubility S and the diffusivity D were determined, while the permeability was given by the product SD. For all glasses, S was found to decrease with temperature, while D increased. Since the activation energy of diffusion of H2 molecules exceeded that of dissolution, permeation increased slightly with temperature. When extrapolated to standard conditions (25 °C), the permeability of tectosilicate glasses was found to be only 10-22–10-24 mol H2 (m s Pa)-1, which is 8–10 magnitudes lower than most polymers. Thin glass liners of these compositions are expected to be the most effective barrier for tanks of pressurised hydrogen. KW - Hydrogen permeation KW - Aluminosilicate glasses KW - Hydrogen storage tank KW - Glass liner PY - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-587284 VL - 1 SP - 1 EP - 11 AN - OPUS4-58728 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -