TY - CONF A1 - Meermann, Björn T1 - Element analytical approaches for emerging contaminant analysis-materials meet environment N2 - Im Rahmen des Vortrags wurden Elementanalytische Methoden auf Basis der ICP-MS und HR-CS-GFMAS im Kontext der Material-Umweltanalytik in Form eines Übersichtsvortrags vorgestellt. Neben den Techniken wurden diverse Applikationsbeispiele für unterschiedliche Umweltmatrizes genannt. T2 - ANAKON 2025 CY - Leipzig, Germany DA - 10.03.2025 KW - ICP-MS KW - Emerging contaminants KW - Evironment PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-65126 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Nakadi, Flavio V. T1 - Single-event analysis of discrete entities using microwave-induced nitrogen plasma–mass spectrometry N2 - ICP-MS has become a standard for (ultra)trace elemental analysis due to its excellent sensitivity and multi-element capabilities. However, its widespread use is hampered by spectral interferences—especially in the low mass range (<81 amu)—primarily arising from Ar-based polyatomic ions, such as ArO+ and Ar2+, which compromise the accurate quantification of key elements like Fe and Se.1 Over the years, improvements such as collision/reaction cells and sector-field configurations have helped mitigate these interferences, albeit often at the cost of instrument complexity and increased operational burden.The microwave-induced nitrogen plasma (MINP) source, sustained by microwaves at atmospheric pressure and using nitrogen as the plasma gas, offers a fundamentally different plasma environment. Nitrogen is not only more economical (40-60%) and readily available than Ar, but also avoids the generation of problematic Ar-based interferences. While MINP had been previously applied in optical emission and bulk mass spectrometry,2 its implementation in single-event detection had not yet been demonstrated. This study pioneers the application of MINP-MS in single-event mode for real-time, high-throughput characterization of NPs, cells, and MPs. The evaluation began with Fe2O3 NPs monitoring the 56Fe nuclide, with a limit of detection of 8.6 ag for Fe, equivalent to a particle size threshold of 19 nm—surpassing the detection capabilities of quadrupole-based ICP-MS systems. Size distribution results obtained by SP-MINP-MS for Fe2O3 NPs (20–70 nm) matched closely with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), confirming the method’s accuracy. For Se, despite its high ionization energy, metallic SeNPs (150 and 250 nm) were reliably quantified by monitoring 80Se. A calibration curve constructed using SeNP standards yielded excellent linearity (R2 = 0.9994). This approach was further extended to single-cell analysis, using Se-enriched yeast (SELM-1 CRM) as a model. A transport efficiency-independent calibration strategy was employed, relying on SeNPs to determine Se content per cell. The results showed strong agreement with data from conventional SC-ICP-MS, with average Se masses of ~65 fg per cell, validating the performance of SC-MINP-MS for biological systems. Additionally, the instrument's capability to handle large, low atomic number particles was demonstrated via the analysis of polystyrene (PS) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) MPs. These MPs (2.5–3.0 µm) were quantified by monitoring 12C+ signals and applying a calibration strategy using citric acid as a standard. The resulting size distributions closely matched nominal sizes, reinforcing the system’s robustness for micrometer-sized polymeric materials. Event durations ranging from 470 to over 900 µs were consistent with literature values for single-entity ICP-MS and correlated well with particle size. These findings establish single-event MINP-MS as a promising analytical platform for analyzing discrete entities. It provides significant advantages over conventional Ar-based ICP-MS, including reduced interferences, lower operational cost, and comparable or superior sensitivity for analytes such as Fe and Se. By avoiding the limitations of Ar-based plasmas and enabling accurate quantification across a wide range of particle types and sizes, MINP-MS in single-event mode opens new avenues for high-resolution, interference-free elemental analysis at the individual entity level. T2 - 17th Rio Symposium on Atomic Spectrometry (17th RSAS) CY - São Pedro City, Brazil DA - 09.11.2025 KW - MICAP-MS KW - Nitrogen plasma KW - Nanoparticles KW - Cells KW - Microplastic KW - Single particle KW - Single event KW - ICP-MS PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64954 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bayerl, C. A1 - Shahryari, M. A1 - Reiter, R. A1 - Proß, V. A1 - Lehmann, K. A1 - Kühl, A. A. A1 - Becker, Dorit A1 - Schulz, Andreas A1 - Infante Duarte, C. A1 - Taupitz, M. A1 - Geisel, D. A1 - Tzschätzsch, H. A1 - Saatz, Jessica A1 - Traub, Heike A1 - Asbach, P. T1 - Quantitative Analysis of Gadolinium Deposits in Liver Tissue of Patients After Single or Multiple Gadolinium-based Contrast Agent Application N2 - Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are widely used in magnetic resonance imaging. Concerns exist regarding gadolinium deposition and its potential histopathologic tissue alterations, especially after repeated administrations of linear, less stable GBCAs. This study aimed to quantify gadolinium mass fractions in liver specimens of subjects exposed to GBCAs in correlation with histopathologic features. In this study, mass fractions of gadolinium in human liver specimens from 25 subjects who underwent liver tumor resection surgery and had received GBCA (1 to 9 times over 4 years), were quantitatively analyzed using inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Histomorphology was assessed based on the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score (NAS). Our results suggest that after intravenous administration of GBCA, a small fraction of gadolinium is retained in the liver over a time period of at least several weeks. A relationship was observed between Gadolinium retention and the number of GBCA administrations, but not with the cumulative dose and the degree of fatty liver disease. KW - ICP-MS KW - Contrast agent KW - Gadolinium KW - Liver PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-646608 DO - https://doi.org/10.1097/RLI.0000000000001254 SN - 1536-0210 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins CY - Philadelphia, Pa. AN - OPUS4-64660 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Traub, Heike T1 - Elemental mapping to study the interaction of MRI contrast agents with extracellular matrix components N2 - Non-specific Gd-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have long been routinely used in clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnostics. Nevertheless, the interaction of such contrast agents with tissue components is not yet fully understood. Typically, they go into extracellular space. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a three-dimensional network of macromolecules providing structural and biochemical support of the surrounding cells in all mammalian tissues. It is composed of structural proteins (e.g., collagen, elastin) and proteoglycans, which consist of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) covalently bound to a protein core. GAGs are long, linear polysaccharides composed of repeating disaccharide units that differ in molecular mass, disaccharide structure and degree of sulfation. Many diseases, including inflammation, fibrosis, and tumor invasion, are associated with characteristic ECM changes, especially at an early stage of disease development. As disease severity increases, the amount of one or more different GAG types in the ECM and the extent of GAG sulfation increases. Characteristic of GAGs is their ability to form complexes with cations, e.g., with lanthanides. Thus, GAGs could be a potential binding partner for GBCA molecules as a whole or for dechelated Gd. Currently, there are still many unanswered questions about the interaction of contrast agents with ECM components. In this study, therefore, the uptake and distribution of ionic Gd and various linear and macrocyclic GBCAs was investigated in spheroids as model systems mimicking the complex physiologically relevant tissue microenvironment. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and CRL-2242 cells, a CHO mutant that does not produce sulfated GAGs, were used to prepare spheroids. Afterwards the spheroids were incubated with gadolinium chloride and GBCAs. For elemental mapping laser ablation inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-TOFMS) and synchrotron radiation nano X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (syn-nanoXRF) were used. Although all spheroids were exposed to identical Gd concentrations, differences were observed in the spatial distribution and the amount of Gd taken up. After incubation with linear and macrocyclic GBCAs, Gd is detected in the interior of both types of spheroids. Furthermore, differences in the Gd amount were found depending on the GBCA used. In contrast, incubation with gadolinium chloride leads to an Gd enrichment in the outer regions of the spheroids as well as to much higher Gd contents compared to incubation with GBCAs. Both LA-ICP-TOFMS and syn-nanoXRF can make an important contribution to better understand the relationship between the affinity of GBCAs and ECM components. However, to elucidate such complex interactions, further studies are needed, also with other (bio-)analytical techniques. T2 - Euroanalysis 2025 CY - Barcelona, Spain DA - 31.08.2025 KW - ICP-MS KW - Laser ablation KW - Contrast agent KW - Spheroid KW - Extracellular matrix PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64143 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmitt, Johannes T1 - Data acquisition system for single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) with nanosecond time resolution N2 - This study presents our data acquisition system prototype for single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) with nanosecond time resolution (nanoDAQ) and a matching data processing approach for time-resolved data in the nanosecond range. The system continuously samples the secondary electron multiplier (SEM) detector signal with a dwell time of approximately 2 ns and enables detection of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) as small as 7.5 nm with a commercial single quadrupole ICP-MS instrument. [1] Analysis of acquired transient data is based on the temporal distance between detector events and a derived ion event density. It was shown that the inverse logarithm of the distance between detector events is proportional to particle size. Also, the number of detector events per particle can be used to calibrate and determine the particle number concentration (PNC) of a nanoparticle dispersion. [1] Particle-by-particle-based analysis of ion event density and other parameters derived from nanosecond time resolution show promising results. High data acquisition frequency of the systems allows recording of a statistically significant number of data points in 60 s or less, which leaves only the sample uptake and rinsing steps as remaining factors for limiting the total measurement time. T2 - ANAKON 2025 CY - Leipzig, Germany DA - 10.03.2025 KW - ICP-MS KW - Instrumentation KW - Nano KW - Nanoparticle Characterization PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63603 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmitt, Johannes T1 - Data acquisition system for single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) with nanosecond time resolution N2 - This study presents our data acquisition system prototype for single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) with nanosecond time resolution (nanoDAQ) and a matching data processing approach for time-resolved data in the nanosecond range. The system continuously samples the secondary electron multiplier (SEM) detector signal with a dwell time of approximately 2 ns and enables detection of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) as small as 7.5 nm with a commercial single quadrupole ICP-MS instrument. [1] Analysis of acquired transient data is based on the temporal distance between detector events and a derived ion event density. It was shown that the inverse logarithm of the distance between detector events is proportional to particle size. Also, the number of detector events per particle can be used to calibrate and determine the particle number concentration (PNC) of a nanoparticle dispersion. Particle-by-particle-based analysis of ion event density and other parameters derived from nanosecond time resolution show promising results. High data acquisition frequency of the systems allows recording of a statistically significant number of data points in 60 s or less, which leaves only the sample uptake and rinsing steps as remaining factors for limiting the total measurement time. T2 - 20th European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 02.03.2025 KW - ICP-MS KW - Instrumentation KW - Nano KW - Nanoparticle Characterization PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63599 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Engelhard, Carsten T1 - From Particles to PFAS: Recent Advances in Plasma-based Instrumentation Development N2 - In this presentation, recent advances in plasma spectrochemistry with hot and cold plasma sources for the direct detection of nanoparticles as well as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) will be discussed. In the first part, single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) with an in-house built data acquisition system with nanosecond time resolution (nanoDAQ) will be presented. In the second part, we turn to a cooler plasma source. Specifically, a flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow source (FAPA) and its application for the direct mass spectrometric analysis of PFAS will be discussed. T2 - 20th European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 02.03.2025 KW - ICP-MS KW - Instrumentation KW - Nano KW - Nanoparticle Characterization KW - PFAS PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63581 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Engelhard, Carsten T1 - On ICP-MS with Nanosecond Time Resolution: From Nanoparticles to Microplastics N2 - In this presentation, recent developments in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) instrumentation for particle characterization in complex mixtures will be reviewed. The current state-of-the-art in single-particle (sp) ICP-MS instrumentation for the detection and characterization of nanoparticles (NP) and microplastics (MPs) as well as remaining challenges will be discussed. While millisecond dwell times were used in the advent of spICP-MS, the use of microsecond dwell times helped to improve nanoparticle data quality and particle size detection limits. We could show that a custom-built high-speed data acquisition unit with microsecond time resolution (μsDAQ) can be used to successfully address issues of split-particle events and particle coincidence, to study the temporal profile of individual ion clouds, and to extend the linear dynamic range by compensating for dead time related count losses. Our latest development is an in-house built data acquisition system with nanosecond time resolution (nanoDAQ). Recording of the SEM signal by the nanoDAQ is performed on the nanosecond time scale with a dwell time of approximately 2 ns and enables detection of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) as small as 7.5 nm with a commercial single quadrupole ICP-MS instrument. [1] Analysis of acquired transient data is based on the temporal distance between detector events and a derived ion event density. It was shown that the inverse logarithm of the distance between detector events is proportional to particle size. Also, the number of detector events per particle can be used to calibrate and determine the particle number concentration (PNC) of a nanoparticle dispersion. In addition to inorganic nanoparticles, first results on the detection of microplastics with spICP-MS will be discussed. T2 - ANAKON 2025 CY - Leipzig, Germany DA - 10.03.2025 KW - Nano KW - Microplastics KW - Nanoparticle Characterization KW - ICP-MS KW - Instrumentation PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63580 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Traub, Heike T1 - LA-ICP-TOFMS to study the interaction of MRI contrast agents with extracellular matrix components N2 - Non-specific Gd-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have been used in clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for more than 35 years. However, the interaction of such contrast agents with tissue components is not yet fully understood. Many diseases are associated with characteristic changes of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM is a three-dimensional network of macromolecules providing structural and biochemical support of the surrounding cells in all mammalian tissues. It is composed of structural proteins (e.g., collagen, elastin) and proteoglycans, which consist of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) covalently bound to a protein core. GAGs are long, linear polysaccharides composed of repeating disaccharide units that differ in molecular mass, disaccharide structure and degree of sulfation. GAGs are also characterized by their ability to form complexes with cations such as lanthanides. Thus, GAGs could be a potential binding partner for GBCAs as a whole or for dechelated Gd. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-TOFMS) was used to investigate the uptake and distribution of ionic Gd and various linear and macrocyclic GBCAs in spheroids mimicking biological tissue and exhibiting different ECM expressions. In addition to Gd, other relevant elements such as Cu, Fe, P and Zn were also monitored. Spheroids from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and GAG-depleted CRL-2242 cells were incubated with gadolinium chloride and various GBCAs. Although all spheroids were exposed to identical Gd concentrations, differences were observed in the spatial distribution and the amount of Gd taken up. After incubation with linear and macrocyclic GBCAs, Gd is detected in the interior of both types of spheroids. In contrast, incubation with gadolinium chloride leads to an enrichment in the outer regions of the spheroids as well as to much higher Gd contents compared to incubation with GBCAs. LA-ICP-TOFMS can make an important contribution to better understand the relationship between the affinity of GBCAs and ECM components such as GAGs. However, to elucidate such complex interactions, further studies are needed, also with other (bio-)analytical techniques. T2 - 20th European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry (EWCPS-2025) CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 02.03.2025 KW - ICP-MS KW - Laser ablation KW - Contrast agent KW - Spheroid KW - Extracellular matrix PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62692 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Zuliani, T. T1 - Advancing Stable and Long-lived Radiogenic Isotope Ratio Measurements of Environmental Pollutants N2 - The isotopic compositions of elements vary in the environment due to processes such as radioactive decay, cosmic ray spallation, mass-dependent and mass-independent fractionation, and different anthropogenic sources such as industrial activities, nuclear weapon testing, nuclear accidents, as well as natural phenomena long-range atmospheric and water transport, climate change, etc. Isotope ratio data obtained by mass spectrometry now plays an important role as tracers of a multitude of processes in Earth and environmental sciences. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a widely used technique for detecting variations in isotopic abundances in e.g., environmental samples. Recent advancements in mass spectrometric instrumentation have significantly enhanced sensitivity and precision, enabling the reliable detection of even minute variations in the isotopic composition of most elements with more than one natural isotope. However, to fully realize these new capabilities, a significant analytical challenge remains due to a vast number of analyte/matrix combinations, concomitant matrix effects, spectral interferences, and instrumental isotopic fractionation that must be characterized before and during the measurements. Success in developing new and improved methods for stable and long-lived radiogenic isotope ratio measurements by mass spectrometric methods depends on improvements in the reduction and quantification of uncertainties associated with sample preparation, instrumentation, and external calibration. The goal of this presentation is to show the key findings of the European Partnership on Metrology project “Metrology for the harmonisation of measurements of environmental pollutants in Europe” - MetroPOEM (https://www.npl.co.uk/euramet/metropoem), with a focus on the ICP-MS techniques used for isotope ratio measurements. Several elements were used as model systems for the development and optimisation of sample preparation and measurement procedures, including Li, B, Cr, Cd, Ni, Sb, Pb, and U. Isotope ratios of these elements determined by multi-collector ICP-MS, sector field ICPMS, quadrupole ICP-MS, and ICP-MS/MS will be assessed and compared. Data on their performance will be presented and assessed in terms of accuracy and precision. Comprehensive uncertainty budgets for the determination of the isotope ratios of the selected elements by different calibration approaches will be presented. The presented results will highlight the potential of recent advances in ICP-MS technology. T2 - 11th Nordic Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry CY - Loen, Norway DA - 09.06.2024 KW - Isotope analysis KW - ICP-MS KW - Measurement uncertainty PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61599 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Traub, Heike T1 - LA-ICP-MS investigation of the the interaction of MRI contrast agents with extracellular matrix components N2 - In clinical magnetic resonance imaging, non-specific Gd-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are frequently used to improve image quality. However, the interaction of GBCAs with tissue components is not yet fully understood. Many diseases, including inflammation, fibrosis, and tumor invasion, are associated with characteristic changes of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM is a three-dimensional scaffold that embeds the cells of all mammalian tissues. It is composed of structural proteins (e.g., collagen, elastin) and proteoglycans, which consist of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) covalently bound to a protein core. GAGs are characterized by their ability to form complexes with cations such as lanthanides. Thus, GAGs could be a potential binding partner for GBCAs as a whole or for dechelated Gd. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LA/ICP-ToF-MS) was used to investigate the uptake and distribution of different GBCAs in spheroids mimicking biological tissue and exhibiting different ECM expressions. Spheroids from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and GAG-depleted CRL-2242 cells were incubated with gadolinium chloride and various linear and macrocyclic GBCAs. Although all spheroids were exposed to identical Gd concentrations, differences in the amount of Gd taken up were observed. Gadolinium chloride is more strongly absorbed and accumulates mainly in the outer regions of the spheroids. In contrast, after incubation with linear and macrocyclic GBCAs, Gd is detected in the interior of both types of spheroids. Furthermore, differences in the Gd amount were found depending on the GBCA used. However, further studies are needed to elucidate such complex interactions, also using other (bio)analytical techniques. T2 - 2nd Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Integrated Topics, IMSIS-2024 CY - Münster, Germany DA - 09.09.2024 KW - ICP-MS KW - Laser ablation KW - Contrast agent KW - Spheroid KW - Extracellular matrix PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-61049 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Traub, Heike T1 - Laser Ablation ICP-ToF-MS to investigate the interaction of MRI contrast agents with extracellular matrix components N2 - Non-specific Gd-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have long been routinely used in clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the interaction of such contrast agents with tissue components is not yet fully understood. Alongside cells, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of mammalian tissue. It is a three-dimensional network of macromolecules that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Many diseases, including inflammation, fibrosis, and tumour invasion, are associated with characteristic ECM changes. The ECM consists of structural proteins (e.g., collagen, elastin) and proteoglycans, which are composed of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) covalently linked to a protein core. GAGs are long, linear polysaccharides consisting of repeated disaccharide units widely varying in molecular mass, disaccharide structure, and sulfation degree. Characteristic of GAGs is their ability to form complexes with cations such as lanthanides. Thus, GAGs could be a potential binding partner for GBCA molecules as a whole or for dechelated Gd. Currently, there are still many unanswered questions about the interaction of contrast agents with ECM components. This study therefore investigated the uptake and distribution of different GBCAs in spheroids that mimic biological tissue and have different ECM expressions. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and GAG-depleted CRL-2242 cells were used to prepare spheroids. These were then incubated for several minutes with gadolinium chloride and various linear and macrocyclic GBCAs. Cryosections of the spheroids were used for imaging measurements with a low-dispersion laser ablation system coupled to an inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometer (LA/ICP-ToF-MS). Gelatine doped with multi-element solutions was used for matrix-matched quantification of Gd and other relevant elements such as Cu, Fe and Zn. Although all spheroids were incubated with identical Gd concentrations, significant differences in the amount of Gd taken up were observed. Gadolinium chloride is absorbed more strongly than the contrast agents and accumulates mainly in the outer regions of the spheroids. In contrast, after incubation with the linear and macrocyclic contrast agents, Gd is detected in the interior of both types of spheroids. T2 - European Workshop on Laser Ablation, EWLA 2024 CY - Ghent, Belgium DA - 02.07.2024 KW - ICP-MS KW - Laser ablation KW - Spheroid KW - Contrast agent PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60575 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lisec, Jan T1 - IsoCor N2 - Despite numerous advantages offered by hyphenation of chromatography and electrokinetic separation methods with multicollector (MC) ICP-MS for isotope analysis, the main limitation of such systems is the decrease in precision and increase in uncertainty due to generation of short transient signals. To minimize this limitation, most authors compare several isotope ratio calculation methods and establish a multi-step data processing routine based on the precision and accuracy of the methods. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no universal data processing tool available that incorporates all important steps of the treatment of the transient signals. Thus, we introduce a data processing application (App) IsoCor that facilitates automatic calculation of isotope ratios from transient signals and eases selection of the most suitable method. The IsoCor App performs baseline subtraction, peak detection, mass bias correction, isotope ratio calculation and delta calculation. The feasibility and reliability of the App was proven by reproducing the results from isotope analysis of three elements (neodymium, mercury and sulfur) measured on-line via hyphenated systems. The IsoCor App provides trackability of the results to ensure quality control of the analysis. KW - Shiny-App KW - ICP-MS KW - Software PY - 2022 UR - https://github.com/cran/IsoCor/ PB - GitHub CY - San Francisco, CA, USA AN - OPUS4-56307 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ecke, Alexander T1 - The Fate of the Antibiotic Amoxicillin in the Aquatic Environment N2 - Contamination of the environment with antibiotics is of great concern as it promotes the evolution of antimicrobial resistances. In case of amoxicillin (AMX) in the aquatic environment, further risk arises from hydrolysis products (HPs) which can cause allergy. To assess these risks, a comprehensive investigation and understanding of the degradation of AMX is necessary. We investigated the hydrolysis rate of AMX in different types of water as well as the influence of temperature and irradiation. The content of the heavy metal ions copper and zinc was found to be crucial for the hydrolysis rate of AMX and stability of HPs. Eventually, a new degradation pathway for AMX could be elaborated and confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). T2 - Berliner Chemie in Praxis Symposium CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 07.10.2022 KW - Hydrolysis KW - Amoxicillin KW - LC-MS/MS KW - ICP-MS PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-56026 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Traub, Heike T1 - Unraveling the interaction of MRI contrast agents with tissue using LA ICP MS N2 - Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is increasingly used to study the distribution of metal-containing drugs, imaging probes and nanomaterials in connection with disease related changes and therapy progress. Additionally, biomolecules can be detected indirectly by using metal-tagged antibodies. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is, besides the cells, an important component of all body tissues. The macromolecular network of the ECM consists of structural proteins (e.g., collagen, elastin) and proteoglycans composed of highly negatively charged carbohydrates, the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are covalently linked to a protein core. Many diseases, including inflammatory processes and tumors, are associated with characteristic ECM changes at an early stage. Recent studies have shown that contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which are based on gadolinium containing chelate complexes or iron oxide nanoparticles, can bind themselves to ECM components. To elucidate the role of GAGs like keratan sulfate (KS) and its modification state in disease, highly specific tools are necessary. As a complement to conventional immunohistochemistry LA-ICP-MS was applied to investigate the distribution of KS in tissue thin sections using a well characterized anti-KS antibody labelled with metal ions. Furthermore, LA-ICP-MS was used for the detection of MRI contrast agents and the identification of their target cells and molecules in tissue samples from animal models, e.g. for cardiovascular diseases. The results show the possibilities of LA-ICP-MS for the elucidation of pathological tissue changes. T2 - European Workshop on Laser Ablation (EWLA 2022) CY - Berne, Switzerland DA - 12.07.2022 KW - Laser ablation KW - Imaging KW - ICP-MS KW - Antibody PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55315 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Theiner, S. A1 - Corte Rodriguez, M. A1 - Traub, Heike ED - Golloch, A. T1 - Novel applications of lanthanoids as analytical or diagnostic tools in the life sciences by ICP-MS based techniques N2 - Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a well-established analytical method offering high sensitivity and multi-element analysis. ICP-MS has found acceptance in various application areas ranging from material analysis to applications in the life sciences. Within the last 15 years new strategies for the sensitive detection and accurate quantification of biomolecules in complex biomedical samples have been developed. Recent instrumental improvements have contributed to this progress. As most of the biomolecules do not contain endogenous metals etectable with ICP-MS, bioconjugation with artificial metal-containing tags based on metal-loaded chelate complexes or nanoparticles is increasingly applied to determine biomolecules indirectly. Especially, the combination of immunohistochemical workflows using lanthanoid-tagged antibodies and ICP-MS detection provides new insights in the complexity and interdependency of cellular processes. Single-cell ICP-MS, also termed as mass cytometry, allows high-dimensional analysis of biomarkers in cell populations at single-cell resolution. For that purpose, lanthanoid isotope labelled antibodies are used to detect their corresponding target molecules. The visualisation of the elemental distribution is possible with laser ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICPMS) at high spatial resolution. Especially, the combination of LA with ICP time-of-flight mass spectrometry, also referred to as imaging mass cytometry (IMC), opens new possibilities for multiparametric tissue imaging at the single-cell level and even below. The lanthanoid localisation and concentration can be linked to their conjugated antibody target providing valuable information about surface markers, intracellular signalling molecules to measure biological function, and the network state of an individual cell in a tissue. This book chapter focuses on new applications, where the multi-element capabilities of ICP-MS are used for the detection of lanthanoids applied as artificial elemental stains or tags for biomolecules and in particular antibodies. KW - ICP-MS KW - Laser ablation KW - Cell KW - Antibody KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Lanthanoid KW - Mass cytometry KW - Imaging PY - 2022 SN - 978-3-11069-645-5 SN - 978-3-11069-636-3 DO - https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110696455-013 SP - 399 EP - 444 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin, Boston ET - 2. rev. and exten. edition AN - OPUS4-55118 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Brauckmann, C. A1 - Pramann, A. A1 - Rienitz, O. A1 - Schulze, A. A1 - Phukphatthanachai, P. A1 - Vogl, Jochen T1 - Combining Isotope Dilution and Standard Addition - Elemental Analysis in Complex Samples N2 - A new method combining isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) and standard addition has been developed to determine the mass fractions w of different elements in complex matrices: (a) silicon in aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), (b) sulfur in biodiesel fuel, and (c) iron bound to transferrin in human serum. All measurements were carried out using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). The method requires the gravimetric preparation of several blends (bi)—each consisting of roughly the same masses (mx,i) of the sample solution (x) and my,i of a spike solution (y) plus different masses (mz,i) of a reference solution (z). Only these masses and the isotope ratios (Rb,i) in the blends and reference and spike solutions have to be measured. The derivation of the underlying equations based on linear regression is presented and compared to a related concept reported by Pagliano and Meija. The uncertainties achievable, e.g., in the case of the Si blank in extremely pure TMAH of urel (w(Si)) = 90% (linear regression method, this work) and urel (w(Si)) = 150% (the method reported by Pagliano and Meija) seem to suggest better applicability of the new method in practical use due to the higher robustness of regression analysis. T2 - CITAC Best Paper Award Ceremony CY - Online meeting DA - 21.06.2022 KW - Isotope dilution mass spectrometry KW - Standard addition KW - ICP-MS KW - Blank characterization KW - Silicon KW - Sulfur KW - Transferrin KW - Tetramethylammonium hydroxide KW - Biodiesel fuel KW - Human serum PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55032 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Völzke, Jule Lexa T1 - Herstellung und Charakterisierung Antigen-beschichteter Nanopartikel als Analoga von Virus-like Particles (VLP) N2 - In dieser Arbeit wurden drei verschiedene Nanomaterialien auf ihre Bindungsfähigkeit zu Proteinen untersucht. Zu Beginn standen dabei die Herstellung stabiler Dispersionen der einzelnen Nanopartikel und die Stabilität der gebildeten Konjugate im Vordergrund. Der Nachweis einer erfolgreichen Konjugatbildung, sprich der Beschichtung von Nanopartikel mit Proteinen, wurde sowohl qualitativ mittels DLS-Messungen als auch über quantitative Protein-Bestimmungen erbracht. Für die Quantifizierung konnten verschiedene Methoden eingesetzt werden. Neben der klassischen Vorgehensweise, welche indirekt über die Quantifizierung von ungebundenem Protein im Überstand erfolgt, konnten ihm Rahmen dieser Arbeit verschiedene direkte Bestimmungsmethoden entwickelt werden. So wurden mittels kolorimetrischer Tests, wie dem BCA-Assay und dem Bradford-Assay, Nanodiamantdispersionen mit Hilfe einer Korrekturwellenlänge vermessen und quantifiziert. Ebenso zum Einsatz kam die Methode der Aminosäureanalytik, welche aufgrund ihrer guten Rückführbarkeit auf Aminosäurestandards Ergebnisse mit hoher Richtigkeit generieren kann und ebenso die Detektion kleiner Proteinmengen möglich macht. Nach den erfolgten quantitativen Betrachtungen wurden die Protein-beschichteten Nanopartikel auf ihre Anwendbarkeit als Analoga von Virus-like Particles (VLP) bei einer Immunisierung zur Gewinnung von polyklonalen Antikörpern gegen humanes Ceruloplasmin in Kaninchen überprüft. Es konnte mittels ELISA gezeigt werden, dass die Konjugate erfolgreich für die Herstellung von Antikörpern eingesetzt werden können und im zeitlichen Verlauf einer Immunisierung eine Steigerung des Antikörper-Titers zu erreichen ist. KW - DLS KW - Dynamische Lichtstreuung KW - Aluminiumoxid KW - Nanodiamant KW - Gold-Nanopartikel KW - BSA KW - Albumin KW - Protein G KW - Ceruloplasmin KW - Immunpräzipitation KW - Ultraschall KW - BCA KW - Bradford-Assay KW - AAAA KW - Aromatische Aminosäureanalytik KW - ICP-MS KW - NaCl-Methode PY - 2018 SP - 1 EP - 107 PB - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-54625 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Seeger, Stefan T1 - Analysis of air pollutants in ambient and indoor aerosolsby TXRF - application examples N2 - Quantitative chemical analysis of airborne particulate matter (PM) is vital for the understanding of health effects in indoor and outdoor environments, as well as for enforcing air quality regulations. Typically, airborne particles are sampled over long time periods on filters, followed by lab-based analysis, e.g., with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Within the EURAMET EMPIR AEROMET project, cascade impactor aerosol sampling was combined for the first time with on-site total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) spectroscopy to develop a tool for quantifying particle element compositions within short time intervals and even on-site. This makes variations of aerosol chemistry observable with time resolution of only a few hours and with good size resolution in the PM10 range. A proof of principles of this methodological approach and the comparison to standard methods within the scope of a field campaign will be presented. Secondly, aerosol sampling and TXRF analysis seems suitable for the quantification of elements in indoor aerosols as well and may provide an important enhancement of existing methods for the analysis of organic species in aerosols (such as sampling and TD-GC/MS). As an example, the TXRF analysis of particles emitted from laser printers under controlled conditions in an environmental test chamber will be presented. T2 - TXRF Journal ClubB CY - Online meeeting DA - 24.02.2022 KW - Aerosol KW - TXRF KW - Cascade impactor KW - ICP-MS KW - Particles KW - Air quality monitoring KW - Element mass concentration PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-54418 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wetzel, Annica T1 - Corrosion Properties and Protective Oxide Film Characteristics of CrMnFeCoNi High Entropy Alloy and CrCoNi Medium Entropy Alloy N2 - High and medium entropy alloys gained increasing academic and industrial interest as novel materials for engineering applications. This project is aiming to clarify and compare the general and local corrosion properties of high entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi and medium entropy alloy CrCoNi in different aqueous environments. The focus lies on the local corrosion processes that result either from microstructural imperfections (inclusions, defects at grain boundaries etc.) in the base material or processing related changes in the microstructure and/or local composition. The corrosion behavior of the alloys was monitored via potentiodynamic polarization experiments and the local corrosion characteristics were further investigated by means of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). Their passivation behavior was analyzed in three different electrolyte systems (NaCl, H2SO4 and NaClO4; c = 0.1M). The characterization of the surface morphology and composition of the passive film was performed by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) and X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. Considering long term corrosion effects, electrochemical work was supported with immersion tests and the analysis of corrosion products by SEM/EDX and XPS depth-profiling. Our results indicate that the medium entropy alloy CrCoNi has a significantly higher corrosion resistance due to the higher concentration of Chromium in comparison to the high entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi. The presentation will summarize our results on the mechanistical aspects of the observed high corrosion resistance. T2 - EUROCORR 2021 CY - Online meeting DA - 20.09.2021 KW - High Entropy Alloys KW - Aqueous Corrosion KW - Medium Entropy Alloys KW - Atomic Forc Microscopy KW - Scanning Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy KW - Potentiodynamic Polarization KW - Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy KW - ICP-MS PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53791 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -