TY - JOUR A1 - Schlick-Hasper, Eva A1 - Jahnke, Wolfgang A1 - Drousch, Björn A1 - Goedecke, Thomas A1 - Kraume, M. T1 - Experimental investigations concerning the sensitivity of the leakproofness test for dangerous goods packagings relating to the leak diameter JF - Packaging technology & science N2 - The objective of this experiment was to verify that in regards to the leakproofness bubble test for packagings of dangerous goods, a reduction of the air overpressure from 0.2 to 0.1 bar can be compensated for by reducing the water surface tension to a value of approximately 33.2 mN/m by adding a wetting agent. It was experimentally proven that this method will yield the same leak diameters. This is important to avoid irreversible deformations during the leaktesting of intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) while using a test overpressure of 0.2 bar. Bubble test experiments were carried out on artificial borehole-shaped leaks manufactured of two different materials high density polyethylene (HDPE) and stainless steel by ultrashort pulse laser technology and with two different immersion test liquids (deionized water and a 0.1% Lutensol FSA fabric softener active 10 solution). The characteristic diameters of the boreholes investigated were from 11.5 to 30.3 µm in length. KW - Dangerous goods packaging KW - Leakproofness test KW - Bubble test KW - Leak KW - Ultrashort pulse laser PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/pts.2029 SN - 0894-3214 VL - 27 IS - 4 SP - 327 EP - 339 PB - Wiley CY - Chichester, UK AN - OPUS4-30502 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Comparison between material parameters of polyethylene grades and the test performance behaviour of packaging for the transport of dangerous goods JF - Packaging technology & science N2 - For the characterization and the comparison of polyethylene grades used for the manufacture of packaging and intermediate bulk container, the following parameters are required: melt flow rate (MFR), density (D), low-temperature notched impact strength, full notch creep test (FNCT) and increase of MFR by molecular degradation (resistance to oxidative degradation). The relationship between these material parameters determined on the basis of specimens prepared from compression-moulded sheets of polyethylene grades and the test behaviour of packaging has been investigated in several tests. The environmental stress crack resistance determined by FNCT represents the impacts from the stacking tests performed with standard liquid wetting solution (without pre-storage) and with normal butyl-acetate-saturated wetting solution (pre-storage with normal butyl acetate). Resistance to molecular degradation by the determination of MFR increase is related to the impacts in drop tests and stacking tests performed after pre-storage for 21 days with standard liquid 55% nitric acid at 40°C. The low-temperature impact strength is directly comparable with the impacts in drop tests at -18°C performed without pre-storage and after pre-storage with 55% nitric acid. A partly good relationship was found between the test results and the material parameters. Conditioning the design types with 55% nitric acid for 21 days causes an increase in the marginal drop heights of the design types in drop tests at -18°C when compared with design types without pre-storage. Post-cross-linking of the grades increases stiffness because of the acidic influence. KW - Dangerous goods packaging KW - Polyethylene grades KW - Material parameters KW - Design-type tests PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/pts.940 SN - 0894-3214 VL - 24 IS - 6 SP - 361 EP - 371 PB - Wiley CY - Chichester, UK AN - OPUS4-23756 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -