63084 2025 eng 537 552 135 article Elsevier Ltd. 1 -- -- -- Multilayer Insulation (MLI) systems are a mature technology for cryogenic liquid hydrogen (LH2) tank thermal insulation. Recent tests evidenced that MLI materials may be damaged when exposed to fire, resulting in critical safety issues in the case of accidents. Thus, an innovative approach to the performance assessment of aluminum and polyester-based MLIs for LH2 tanks in fire scenarios was developed. A specific model integrating the hightemperature degradation of MLIs and the thermodynamic modeling of the tank lading was coupled to specific key performance indicators. Results of the analysis applied to a vehicle-scale tank equipped with 80 MLI layers indicate that MLI degradation and consequent tank failure may occur in less than 20 min for external shell temperatures above 1160 K in the presence of full engulfment, regardless of insulation used. Conversely, degradation does not occur earlier than 3600s below 603 and 928 K for polyester and aluminum-based MLI, respectively. 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Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}} journal-article publish 02.06.2025 Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International Davide Camplese Giordano Emrys Scarponi Robert Eberwein Aliasghar Hajhariri Frank Otremba Valerio Cozzani eng uncontrolled LH2 eng uncontrolled LNG eng uncontrolled Cryogenic storage tank eng uncontrolled Fire eng uncontrolled Insulation Spezielle Themen Angewandte Physik Ingenieurbau 3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher Energie Infrastruktur Fire Science Security Chemie und Prozesstechnik Verlagsliteratur Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access") Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM 3.5 Sicherheit von Gasspeichern und Gefahrguttanks Wasserstoff Gefährliche Stoffe Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/63084/Camplese_2025_performance_assessment_MLI_in_fire.pdf