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  <doc>
    <id>62818</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>poster</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
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    <title language="eng">Primary References for the Determination of Sulphur Impurities in Hydrogen</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Fuel cell electric vehicles are expanding quickly from light-duty to heavy-duty applications, such as buses or trucks. Hydrogen fuel quality needs to comply with ISO 14687:2025 to avoid any harmful impact on the vehicles. Total sulphur is one of the most impactful contaminants to a fuel cell system and has a threshold of 4 nmol/mol. In the European Partnership for Metrology (EPM) project Met4H2, BAM together with VSL, the National Metrology Institute of the Netherlands, developed novel gaseous primary reference materials (PRM) to improve the accuracy of the analysis of 7 sulphur compounds (hydrogen sulphide, carbonyl sulphide, methyl mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulphide, diethyl sulphide, and tetrahydrothiophene) for the quality control of hydrogen as fuel gas at this challenging amount fraction. These PRM were cross-validated using thermal desorption gas chromatography with a sulphur chemiluminescence detector (TD-GC/SCD). The results are presented and limits discussed.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Joint workshop EMN for Energy Gases</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Delft, Netherlands</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">26.03.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">27.03.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Matthias Richter</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sulphur impurities</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>GC/SCD</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reference gas standards</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.4 Non-Target-Analytik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
