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  <doc>
    <id>64251</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>10</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>10</issue>
    <volume>30</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>ndt.net</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Muon tomography - ready for practical application?</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Muon tomography uses naturally occurring nuclear particles to 'X-ray' technical objects. It has applications in security and nuclear safeguards, but not yet in civil engineering. The potential is enormous, as muon tomography could replace traditional X-ray imaging of infrastructure, a method that was popular in the past but has mostly been abandoned due to concerns about radiation safety. In 2020, a report on the first large-scale muon tomography experiment on a reinforced concrete specimen was published. However, robust mobile detectors and faster data acquisition methods are still needed. This is now changing, however. Prototype mobile detectors have been announced or are in development, and data acquisition time has been reduced from weeks to days. This presentation will showcase current developments and focus on a validation experiment at BAM.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.58286/31696</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1435-4934</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-642517</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">NDT-CE 2025 - The International Symposium  on Nondestructive Testing in Civil Engineering</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Izmir, Türkiye</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">24.09.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">26.09.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Ernst Niederleithinger</author>
    <author>Sander Sein</author>
    <author>Andrei Kervalisvil</author>
    <author>Jens Wöstmann</author>
    <author>Marek Helm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Concrete</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Muon tomography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Inspection</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Verkehrsinfrastrukturen</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/64251/6177.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>64253</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>3</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>10</issue>
    <volume>30</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>ndt.net</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Development of distributed sensor electronics for energy-efficient and  proactive maintenance of buildings</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Permanently installed sensor systems are becoming increasingly important for monitoring critical infrastructure. The research institutes Fraunhofer IZFP and BAM, together with industrial partners and users, are developing a concept for an electronic system consisting of an Edge-Gateway as a central high-performance node and a variable number of Sensor-Edge units that establish the connection between the sensors of the permanent monitoring system and the gateway, which also provides connection to a cloud. A software tool allows identification and localization of sensors and visualization of sensor data. The principle of the system is demonstrated using sensors installed in the road surface to monitor traffic loads as an example. Two test structures, a full-scale laboratory at Fraunhofer IZFP, Saarbrücken, and the “BLEIB” reference structure at BAM, test site technical safety (TTS) Horstwalde, were used to demonstrate the principle and the functioning of the electronic system.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1435-4934</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.58286/31650</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-642530</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">NDT-CE 2025 - The International Symposium  on Nondestructive Testing in Civil Engineering</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Izmir, Türkiye</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">24.09.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">26.09.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Ute Rabe</author>
    <author>Julia Emge</author>
    <author>Samuel Klein</author>
    <author>Jan Oswald</author>
    <author>Nina Shpakova</author>
    <author>Philipp Stopp</author>
    <author>Christoph Weingard</author>
    <author>Dirk Koster</author>
    <author>Eric Schönsee</author>
    <author>Frank Hille</author>
    <author>Ernst Niederleithinger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Edge computing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bridge monitoring</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multi-sensor</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Verkehrsinfrastrukturen</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/64253/1301.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>64305</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">A framework for characterising the reflection intensity of a 3D-CP mortar</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The growing interest of 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) arises new challenges for quality control. A major challenge lies in evaluation of the interlayer bond strength. An optical approach is developed to monitor the surface properties of the printed layer. Commercial laser profile scanners are utilised to record the reflection intensity of the mortar’s surface. To be applicable in the printing process, the reflection intensity needs to be characterised for each material within the printable region and further effects, like geometry and environmental light, need to be considered. The presented work aims to provide a framework for implementing the laser reflection intensity to 3DCP monitoring.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">NDT-CE 2025 - The International Symposium on Nondestructive Testing in Civil Engineering</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Izmir, Türkiye</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">24.09.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">26.09.2025</enrichment>
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    <author>Eric Schönsee</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>3D Concrete Printing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>In Situ Measurements</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser reflection intensity</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.4 Baustofftechnologie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Green Intelligent Building</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65346</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>10</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>report</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Grundlagenuntersuchungen zur Anregung von niederfrequentem Ultraschall mit fluidischen Bauteilen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (ZFP) mittels Ultraschalls wird häufig im Bauwesen eingesetzt, um innere Defekte in Betonstrukturen zu erkennen. Dabei werden Ultraschallwellen im Frequenzbereich von 50 bis 200 kHz genutzt, um Schäden zu entdecken, ohne das Material zu beschädigen. Die meisten derzeit verwendeten Geräte müssen direkten Kontakt mit der Oberfläche haben, was bei großen Bauwerken sehr zeitaufwendig und umständlich ist. Deshalb wird nach alternativen Lösungen gesucht, wie zum Beispiel die luftgekoppelte Ultraschalltechnik, bei der Luft als Übertragungsmedium dient. Solche Geräte könnten die Messzeit um das 50- bis 100-fache verkürzen, was die Inspektion ganzer Strukturen wie Tunnel oder Brücken ermöglichen würde. Dies würde eine zuverlässige Bewertung des Zustands der Infra-struktur erleichtern. Allerdings führt die große Impedanzdifferenz zwischen dem Transducer und der Luft zu erheblichen Energieverlusten, was die Signalstärke schwächt. Geräte, die auf dünnen Membranen oder laserinduzierter Signalanregung basieren, sind oft nicht robust genug für den rauen Baustellenbetrieb.&#13;
Eine potentielle Lösung sind sogenannte fluidische Oszillatoren, die in der Strömungskontrolle sowie beim Kühlen und Mischen von Flüssigkeiten eingesetzt werden. Sie erzeugen komplett ohne bewegliche Teile schwingende Strömungen, indem sie selbstangeregte Strömungsinstabilitäten nutzen, bei denen der Freistrahl zwischen zwei Kammerwänden durch Feedback-Kanäle hin und her schwingt. Dabei entstehen zeitlich und räumlich schwingende Strömungen am Ausgang. Kleinere Oszillatoren können höhere Frequenzen bis zu 50 kHz erzeugen. Die Frequenz lässt sich durch den Versorgungsdruck steuern, entweder direkt oder über ein Ventil, was die Erzeugung von frequenzmodulierten Signalen ermöglicht. Solche Geräte könnten bei der Untersuchung von Betonelementen eingesetzt werden, um die Dicke und innere Delaminationen zu bestimmen. Die Düsen sind klein, robust und können aus Keramik oder Stahl gefertigt werden, was sie ideal für den Einsatz auf der Baustelle macht.&#13;
Im Rahmen dieses Projekts wurden fluidische Oszillatoren an der BAM entwickelt, hergestellt und getestet. Dabei wurden die Frequenzinhalte, die Frequenzbandbreite und die Schalldruckamplitude experimentell untersucht. Akustische Messungen mit Mikrophonen sowie erste Tests an Betonproben wurden durchgeführt. Die Düsen wurden geometrisch skaliert, um die Mittenfrequenz und die Schalldruckamplitude zu optimieren. Mit Hilfe von hochfrequenten Druckregeln konnten frequenzmodulierte Anregungssignale (Chirps) erzeugt werden. Die momentan erreichte Frequenzbandbreite von ca. 10 % stellte sich als zu gering heraus für reproduzierbare und statistisch abgesicherte Ultraschall-Messungen durch Beton.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">DFG Abschlussbericht</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <author>Christoph Strangfeld</author>
    <author>Stefan Maack</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Luftgekoppelter Ultraschall</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fluidischer Oszillator</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Verkehrsinfrastruktur</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Verkehrsinfrastrukturen</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65035</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>3</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>www.ndt.net</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Application of Elastic Reverse Time Migration to Ultrasonic Echo Data from Concrete Structures</title>
    <abstract language="eng">To enhance ultrasonic imaging of concrete structures, we adapted the geophysical migration method, Reverse Time Migration (RTM), for non-destructive testing (NDT) in civil engineering. First, two 2D elastic RTM algorithms, each considering different wave types, were implemented and evaluated with synthetic ultrasonic data. The algorithm that best resolved numerical concrete structures was subsequently applied to real ultrasonic data from a concrete specimen. Compared with conventional synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) imaging, elastic RTM reproduced a greater number of structural features in both the numerical model and the concrete specimen. In particular, elastic RTM reconstructed vertical interfaces as well as hidden lower edges of modeled cavities and tendon ducts. Notably, imaging the full cross-sections of tendon ducts, which enables direct diameter estimation, represents a novel achievement for ultrasonic NDT.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">NDT-CE 2025 - The International Symposium on Nondestructive Testing in Civil Engineering</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1435-4934</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.58286/31680</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-650350</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">NDT-CE 2025 - The International Symposium on Nondestructive Testing in Civil Engineering</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Izmir, Turkey</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">24.09.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">26.09.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Maria Grohmann</author>
    <author>Ernst Niederleithinger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Concrete Structures</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic Echo Technique</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic Imaging</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Elastic Reverse Time Migration</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Verkehrsinfrastrukturen</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65035/Grohmann_NDT_CE_2025_4466.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>53397</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>116</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>117</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">HF RFID-based Measurement Comparison for Method Optimization in M2 Concrete and Alkali-Activated Mortars</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The internal project "SealWasteSafe" of the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing is dedicated to the further improvement in the construction of sealing systems for underground repositories of radioactive waste. Particularly, a multi-sensory concept is developed to ensure quality assurance and continuous long-term monitoring on the engineered barriers. Therefore, beside other measures, the temperature and equilibrium moisture of the construction shall be monitored and respective multi-sensoric monitoring concepts are tested first on the laboratory scale. One focus in this project is on embedded application in alkali-activated mortars (AAM), which results in special requirements for the resistance of the sensors to strongly alkaline environments with up to pH 14. In addition, the ingress of water along cables or at sensor positions is critical for sensors embedded in concrete, as the cable access of the sensor housing is a major weak point. It is therefore advisable to equip wireless high frequent radio frequency identification-based sensors, so called HF RFID sensors (short: RFID), that do not require cable access and thus have a stable and leak-proof sensor housing for long-term monitoring. In this contribution, the results from temperature, moisture and transmitted power monitoring of a AAM and a M2 specimens by means of HF RFID sensor systems are presented.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">35th Danubia - Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics: extendet abstracts</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-9504997-0-4</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">35th Danubia - Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Linz, Österreich</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">21.09.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">24.09.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
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    <author>Sergej Johann</author>
    <author>Franziska Baensch</author>
    <author>Patrick Strurm</author>
    <author>Carlo Tiebe</author>
    <author>Samuel Pötschke</author>
    <author>Vera Lay</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Passive sensor interface</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>RFID</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Structural Health Monitoring</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Alkali-Activated Mortars</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.4 Baustofftechnologie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.1 Sensorik, mess- und prüftechnische Verfahren</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.6 Faseroptische Sensorik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>53398</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>poster</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">HF RFID-based Measurement Comparison for Method Optimization in M2 Concrete and Alkali-Activated Mortars</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The internal project "SealWasteSafe" of the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing is dedicated to the further improvement in the construction of sealing systems for underground repositories of radioactive waste. Particularly, a multi-sensory concept is developed to ensure quality assurance and continuous long-term monitoring on the engineered barriers. Therefore, beside other measures, the temperature and equilibrium moisture of the construction shall be monitored and respective multi-sensoric monitoring concepts are tested first on the laboratory scale. One focus in this project is on embedded application in alkali-activated mortars (AAM), which results in special requirements for the resistance of the sensors to strongly alkaline environments with up to pH 14. In addition, the ingress of water along cables or at sensor positions is critical for sensors embedded in concrete, as the cable access of the sensor housing is a major weak point. It is therefore advisable to equip wireless high frequent radio frequency identification-based sensors, so called HF RFID sensors (short: RFID), that do not require cable access and thus have a stable and leak-proof sensor housing for long-term monitoring. In this contribution, the results from temperature, moisture and transmitted power monitoring of a AAM and a M2 specimens by means of HF RFID sensor systems are presented.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">35th Danubia - Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Linz, Austria</enrichment>
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    <title language="eng">Calculating rheological properties of fresh mortar for additive manufacturing based on experimental, multi sensor data</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Additive manufacturing of concrete structures is a novel and emerging technology. Free contouring in civil engineering, which allows for entirely new designs, is a significant advantage. In the future, lower construction costs are expected with increased construction speeds and decreasing required materials and workers. However, architects and civil engineers rely on a certain quality of execution to fulfil construction standards. Although several techniques and approaches demonstrate the advantages, quality control during printing is highly challenging and rarely applied. Due to the continuous mixing process commonly used in 3D concrete printing, it is impossible to exclude variations in the dry mixture or water content, and a test sample cannot be taken as a representative sample for the whole structure. Although mortar properties vary only locally, a defect in one layer during printing could affect the entire integrity of the whole structure . Therefore, real-time process monitoring is required to record and document the printing process. At the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) a new test rig for the additive manufacturing of concrete is built. The primary purpose is measuring and monitoring the properties of a mortar during the printing process. The following study investigates an approach for calculating yield stress and plastic viscosity based on experimentally recorded pressure data. The calculations assume that fresh mortar behaves as a Bingham fluid and that the Buckingham-Reiner-equation is applicable. A test setup consisting of rigid pipes with integrated pressure sensors at different positions is utilized. Monitoring the printing process with different sensors is crucial for the quality control of an ongoing process.</abstract>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Additive Manufacturing</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
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    <subject>
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      <value>Bingham Fluid</value>
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    <title language="eng">Calculating rheological properties of fresh mortar for additive manufacturing based on experimental, multi-sensor data</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Additive manufacturing of concrete structures is a novel and emerging technology. Freecontouring in civil engineering, which allows for entirely new designs, is a significant advantage. Inthe future, lower construction costs are expected with increased construction speeds and decreasingrequired materials and workers. However, architects and civil engineers rely on a certain quality ofexecution to fulfil construction standards. Although several techniques and approaches demonstratethe advantages, quality control during printing is highly challenging and rarely applied. Due to thecontinuous mixing process commonly used in 3D concrete printing, it is impossible to exclude varia-tions in the dry mixture or water content, and a test sample cannot be taken as a representative samplefor the whole structure. Although mortar properties vary only locally, a defect in one layer duringprinting could affect the entire integrity of the whole structure . Therefore, real-time process monitor-ing is required to record and document the printing process.At the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) a new test rig for the additive man-ufacturing of concrete is built. The primary purpose is measuring and monitoring the properties of amortar during the printing process.The following study investigates an approach for calculating yield stress and plastic viscosity based onexperimentally recorded pressure data. The calculations assume that fresh mortar behaves as a Bing-ham fluid and that the Buckingham-Reiner-equation is applicable. A test setup consisting of rigid pipeswith integrated pressure sensors at different positions is utilized.Monitoring the printing process with different sensors is crucial for the quality control of an ongoingprocess.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Advances in science and technology</parentTitle>
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    <author>Eric Schönsee</author>
    <author>Götz Hüsken</author>
    <author>Olubunmi Anthony Jeyifous</author>
    <author>Alexander Mezhov</author>
    <author>Christoph Strangfeld</author>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Monitoring</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive manufacturing</value>
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      <value>Rheology</value>
    </subject>
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      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bingham fluid</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Concrete printing</value>
    </subject>
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    <title language="eng">Structural Monitoring in an Urban Underground Metro Station Using Cod</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Active ultrasonic monitoring with coda wave interferometry has demonstrated its potential for structural Health monitoring in concrete structures. This study investigates its application using ultrasonic transducers embedded in the ceiling of a subway station in Munich, Germany. We evaluate the impact of environmental conditions, specifically electromagnetic interference and temperature, on data quality, as well as the influence of regular loading from passing trams. Results indicate that electromagnetic interference significantly affects measurements, while temperature effects remain minimal due to the station’s stable thermal environment. Long-term measurements and a controlled load test show that both dynamic and static loading from trams induce ultrasonic velocity changes of only 0.01%–0.06%. Although the experiment demonstrates the capacity to detect structural responses and supports the feasibility of long-term monitoring, improved electromagnetic shielding and Hardware reliability are required for successful future applications.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">NDTCE 2025 - Conference Proceedings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1435-4934</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.58286/31706</identifier>
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    <author>Niklas Epple</author>
    <author>Camila Andrea Sanchez Trujillo</author>
    <author>Julia Hau</author>
    <author>Ernst Niederleithinger</author>
    <author>F. Malm</author>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Structural health monitoring (SHM)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Concrete</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Urban infrastructure</value>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
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    <title language="eng">Structural Monitoring in an Urban Underground Metro Station Using Coda Wave Interferometry</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Active ultrasonic monitoring with coda wave interferometry has demonstrated its potential for structural health monitoring in concrete structures. This study investigates its application using ultrasonic transducers embedded in the ceiling of a subway station in Munich, Germany. We evaluate the impact of environmental conditions, specifically electromagnetic interference and temperature, on data quality, as well as the influence of regular loading from passing trams. Results indicate that electromagnetic interference significantly affects measurements, while temperature effects remain minimal due to the station’s stable thermal environment. Long-term measurements and a controlled load test show that both dynamic and static loading from trams induce ultrasonic velocity changes of only 0.01%–0.06%. Although the experiment demonstrates the capacity to detect structural responses and supports the feasibility of long-term monitoring,</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">NDT-CE 2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Izmir, Türkiye</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">24.09.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">26.09.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
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    <author>Niklas Epple</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI),</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Coda Wave Monitoring</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Concrete</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Urban infrastructure</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65460</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Monitoring of Concrete Infrastructure with Active Ultrasound Coda Wave Interferometry</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Coda Wave Interferometry has been used in Geophysics to detect weak changes in scattering media. Past research in Structural Health Monitoring has shown that this methodology can be applied to concrete structures to detect material changes by calculation of relative velocity changes. Successive measurements with embedded ultrasonic transducers provide a repeatable signal for reliable long-term monitoring of concrete. To research the application in real-world structures, we have embedded ultrasonic transducers in a bridge in Ulm and a Metro station in Munich, Germany. This study gives an overview of the monitoring of these two structures. The results show the potential and challenges of the method. Data evaluation can be largely automated to gain insights into material changes and other influences on the structure, such as traffic-induced load and temperature variations. The experiments demonstrate the ease of installation, longevity of the sensor installation, and sensitivity of the measurement technique, but highlight problems with the application, especially if electromagnetic noise affects data quality. As no confirmed substantial damage was recorded during the monitoring period on both structures, we evaluate load tests to investigate the effect of static load on the structures and the coda monitoring results. The experiments show that the influence of load can be detected, even if the temperature influence is not removed from the data. This indicates that online damage detection with coda monitoring is possible, but further research on damage detection in real-world structures has to be conducted to confirm laboratory findings.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">13th International Conference on Structural Health Monitoring of Intelligent Infrastructure</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Graz, Austria</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">01.09.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">05.09.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <author>Niklas Epple</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Active Ultrasound Measurements</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Coda Wave Monitoring,</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Embedded Transducers</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65560</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>14</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>268</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam, Netherlands</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Embedded PZT sensors for combined viboacoustic sensing of  concrete structures</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Accurate assessment of damage in concrete structures requires monitoring techniques that can capture both global stiffness degradation and local cracking processes. Existing structural health monitoring approaches typically rely on separate sensors for vibration measurements and acoustic emission (AE) monitoring, while conventional surface-mounted devices often suffer from poor and variable coupling. This study presents an embedded piezoelectric (PZT) sensor developed for dual mode vibroacoustic monitoring in concrete structures. &#13;
The sensor is cast within the concrete matrix to improve mechanical coupling and enable robust measurement of structural response during damage evolution. Dual-mode monitoring is achieved through sequential operation of &#13;
the same embedded sensor in two distinct modes passive acoustic emission (AE) monitoring during fracture loading and impulse-excited vibration testing conducted before and after fracture test. Benchmarking experiments include comparison with commercial accelerometers and AE sensors, confirming that the embedded configuration enhances high-frequency sensitivity and coupling performance. The fracture process is interpreted by correlating AE activity with Digital Image Correlation (DIC)-based crack kinematics, enabling zone-wise understanding of crack development. The vibration response is interpreted using a stiffness-reduction framework consistent with hinge-type crack formation, explaining the observed modal-frequency reduction and in crease in damping. Electromechanical impedance measurements quantify sensor–matrix interaction, highlighting the role of epoxy-mediated impedance matching. Overall, the results demonstrate that the proposed embedded sensor provides a unified platform for validated AE-vibration sensing, offering a promising approach for integrated structural health monitoring of concrete infrastructure</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Measurement</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.measurement.2026.120690</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">25.02.2026</enrichment>
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    <author>Amarteja Kocherla</author>
    <author>Murali Duddi</author>
    <author>Subramaniam Kolluru</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Vibroacoustic sensor</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Embedded PZT sensor</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Crack dynamics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DIC</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Concrete</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Green Intelligent Building</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65343</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>17</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>45</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Nature</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influences of Surface Properties on the Reflection Intensity - Towards in Situ Monitoring During Early Age Hydration of CEM I</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Interlayer bonding in 3D concrete printing is influenced by the hydration progress and surface moisture of the previously printed layer. For effective quality control, continuous in situ monitoring of interlayer surface properties is required. This study investigated reflection intensity as a method for in situ measurements during the hydration of CEM I mixtures with varying retarder contents. Additional factors influencing the reflection intensity are also examined. Two laser line scanners with different wavelengths were used to track hydration over 72 h. Vicat tests and isothermal calorimetry served as reference methods. Across all the mixtures, the reflection intensity exhibited a repeatable pattern with five different stages. A sharp increase in intensity during the third stage was consistent with the acceleration period of hydration. These findings suggest that reflection intensity measurements could serve as a promising tool for evaluating interlayer bonding in 3D concrete printing.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s10921-025-01326-2</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-653430</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1573-4862</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">19.01.2026</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Eric Schönsee</author>
    <author>Götz Hüsken</author>
    <author>Amarteja Kocherla</author>
    <author>Christoph Strangfeld</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>In situ hydration monitoring</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cement</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Optical methods</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reflection intensity</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Isothermal calorimetry</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.4 Baustofftechnologie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
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    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Green Intelligent Building</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65343/s10921-025-01326-2.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>64057</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>37</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>report</type>
    <publisherName>TIB Technische Informationsbibliothek</publisherName>
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    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
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    <title language="deu">CASPAR Construction Administration Shell - Plattform für die beweissichere und rückführbare Datennutzung im Bauwesen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Das zentrale Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens CASPAR ist die Entwicklung einer technischen Lösung zur beweissicheren und rückführbaren Datenbasis von digitalen Informationen zur Bewertung von Bauwerken. Ein konsistentes, semantisches und maschinenlesbares Datenmodell wurde entwickelt, um Daten aus verschiedenen Quellen zu aggregieren und Schnittstellen für die Echtzeit-Kommunikation mit Sensoren zu schaffen. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt lag auf der Einführung der Verwaltungsschale (Asset Administration Shell, AAS), einer Kerntechnologie der Industrie 4.0, als standardisierten digitalen Zwilling für Brückenbauwerke. Die Verwaltungsschale ermöglicht die strukturierte, interoperable und semantisch eindeutige Darstellung von Bauwerksdaten. Eine Blockchain-basierte Lösung wurde entwickelt, um die sichere und manipulationsresistente Datenübertragung und -ablage zu gewährleisten. Ein Demonstrator, basierend auf der Open Source Plattform Eclipse BaSyx, wurde entwickelt, um die Technologien zu veranschaulichen. Der Demonstrator wurde im November 2024 auf der Messe SPS in Nürnberg vorgestellt. Ein wesentlicher Bestandteil des Forschungsvorhabens war die Entwicklung eines konsistenten, semantischen und maschinenlesbaren Datenmodells für Brückenbauwerke. Dieses Modell ermöglicht die Aggregation von Informationen aus verschiedenen Quellen und die Entwicklung von Schnittstellen für die Echtzeit-Kommunikation mit Sensoren. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt lag auf der Einführung der Verwaltungsschale (Asset Administration Shell, AAS), einer Kerntechnologie der Industrie 4.0, als standardisierten digitalen Zwilling für Brückenbauwerke. Die Verwaltungsschale ermöglicht die strukturierte, interoperable und semantisch eindeutige Darstellung von Bauwerksdaten. Eine Blockchain-basierte Lösung wurde entwickelt, um die sichere und manipulationsresistente Datenübertragung und -ablage zu gewährleisten. Ein Demonstrator, basierend auf der Open Source Plattform Eclipse BaSyx, wurde entwickelt, um die Technologien zu veranschaulichen.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Abschlussbericht</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.34657/21445</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-640571</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - Namensnennung 3.0</licence>
    <author>Stefan Maack</author>
    <author>S. Schäfer</author>
    <author>T. Braml</author>
    <author>J. Wimmer</author>
    <author>A. Jedlitschka</author>
    <author>T. Kuhn</author>
    <author>T. Fertig</author>
    <author>A. Schütz</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Lebenszyklus</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Brücken</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Datenablage</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Digitalisierung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Industrie 4.0</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bauwesen</value>
    </subject>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
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    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/64057/2025_Abschlussbericht_CASPAR_19F2178A-H.pdf</file>
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    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
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    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>459</volume>
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    <title language="eng">Quantification of moisture content in earth block masonry under natural climatic conditions</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The aim of this study is to accurately predict the moisture content in earth block masonry exposed to natural climatic conditions, which is a key factor in assessing its load-bearing capacity. Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry and humidity sensor measurements were carried out to quantify the moisture content. In addition, a customised test setup was developed to determine the capillary water absorption of earth blocks. This approach takes into account the deceleration of water absorption due to the swelling of clay minerals and organic additives, which leads to realistic transport coefficients in the hygroscopic range. This allows the moisture content of earth block masonry to be predicted accurately. With regard to the moisture behaviour of typical exterior wall constructions in living spaces, it was found that the equilibrium moisture content in earth block masonry is always lower than 65 % relative humidity, which corresponds to the permissible limit of the recently published German design standard for load-bearing earth block masonry.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Construction and Building Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139513</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-623518</identifier>
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    <author>Philipp Wiehle</author>
    <author>Michelle Härder</author>
    <author>Christoph Strangfeld</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Earth block masonry</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NMR relaxometry</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hygrothermal simulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Load-bearing capacity</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Moisture content</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Embedded humidity sensors</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.2 Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
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    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Green Intelligent Building</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
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    <title language="eng">A comprehensive experimental assessment of reinforced concrete walls under blast: In situ monitoring of loading, dynamic response and damage with NDT methods and embedded sensors</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A safety or security related assessment of explosions, accidental and intentional scenarios alike, often necessitate performance of resource intensive replication tests. For an efficient assessment without performing full scale blast tests, e.g., supported by numerical simulations, detailed knowledge is necessary to predict the blast loading from a given charge configuration, the resulting dynamic response of the structure under investigation as well as the resulting damage. Validation of numerical simulation requires the spatially resolved acquisition of all these parameters in real time. In this paper we present a set of measurement techniques and discuss their suitability for monitoring reinforced concrete (RC) walls under blast loading. Different blast-loading scenarios were realized by varying the charge weight and the standoff distance. The dynamic loading of the wall was characterized with pressure sensors complemented by numerical simulations using the APOLLO Blastsimulator and ConWep. High speed digital image correlation (DIC) was implemented in combination with multiple acceleration sensors to observe the dynamic deflection of the walls during the loading and to determine the residual deformation after the loading had ceased. In addition, one test specimen was instrumented with fiber optic sensor cables. These fiber optic sensors were used for distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) delivering information on dynamics of compression and tension cycles from within the structure. Additionally, the local damage pattern emerging during the series of blasts was determined via distributed fiber optic strain sensing (DSS) to enable the characterization of visual and non-visual damage to the structure. The obtained information was compared to results by an ultrasound structure-scanner.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">International Journal of Protective Structures</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2041-4196</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1177/20414196251353795</identifier>
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    <author>Amit Agasty</author>
    <author>Rene Costard</author>
    <author>Daniel Kadoke</author>
    <author>Thomas Kind</author>
    <author>Konstantin Hicke</author>
    <author>Götz Hüsken</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Blast testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reinforced concrete</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NDT methods</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fiber optic sensing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DIC</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Numerical simulations</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>APOLLO Blastsimulator</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.6 Faseroptische Sensorik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Security</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2.5 Konformitätsbewertung Explosivstoffe/Pyrotechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2.4 Prüfung und Bewertung von Explosivstoffen/Pyrotechnik</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
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    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
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    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>181</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>189</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>675</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Nature</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Cham</publisherPlace>
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    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
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    <title language="eng">Assessment of prestress loss in a large-scale concrete bridge model under outdoor condition</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Environmental conditions affect the accuracy of field measurements used to monitor civil structures. Previous studies have shown that measured dynamic responses often lack the sensitivity needed for effective localized damage detection. To address this issue, our study focuses on distinguishing environmental effects from damage related effects in measured data to enhance vibration-based damage identification methods. Experimentally, the problem of prestress loss in a prestressed concrete bridge model was examined. By adjusting the pre-stressing force in a large-scale concrete bridge model, cracking phenomena were observed. To demonstrate field monitoring of a large-scale prestressed structure, noise recording was performed and the measurement data was analyzed with operational modal analysis. Additionally, ultrasonic testing, known for its high sensitivity in damage localization, was used to cross-check the structural damage. Seismic and coda wave interferometry were also employed to estimate wave velocities, providing insights into the level of prestress loss and temperature sensitivity. Ultimately, these measurable wave properties help to overcome the uncertainties associated with traditional vibration-based damage detection methods.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Experimental Vibration Analysis for Civil Engineering Structures</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/978-3-031-96106-9_20</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-031-96105-2</identifier>
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    <title language="eng">Introduction of a monitoring system for Bingham fluids in additive manufacturing with concrete</title>
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    <title language="eng">Introduction of a monitoring system for Bingham fluids in additive manufacturing with concrete</title>
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