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  <doc>
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    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Stainless Steels and Hydrogen Applications</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The contribution was presented at the Stainless Steel World Conference 2022. The presentation shows the influence of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of steel. Some test methods are shown and selected results are presented.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Stainless Steel World Conference 2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Maastricht, Netherlands</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">27.09.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">29.09.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Jonathan Nietzke</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gaseous hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen Embrittlement</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen assisted cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>SSRT</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>63329</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Hollow Specimen Technique for Tests in High-Pressure Hydrogen Gas: The Path Towards Standardisation and the Case Study of a Pipeline Steel and its Weld</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The hollow specimen technique is a simple method that has the potential to make material qualification with gaseous pressurized hydrogen widely applicable for the hydrogen industry at low cost. The feasibility of this method has been demonstrated in several studies, leading to the establishment of an ISO committee for its standardization. Questions have emerged during this process, that currently prevent the method from being standardized for hydrogen testing. These questions relate to specimen geometry, specimen manufacturing and gas quality and are being systematically addressed in the TransHyDE-H2HohlZug project. The aim is to close the identified gaps towards the standardization of this method for hydrogen testing.&#13;
This contribution presents the structure and milestones of the project, followed by the results regarding the influence of specimen production and its response to hydrogen effects. Depending on the production method, different roughness and residual stresses can be expected on the inner hole surface of the specimens. This is of importance since an increase in stress concentration sites have been found to be associated to a higher severity of hydrogen effects. This influence has been investigated after applying the following machining processes: a) drilled only; b) drilled and reamed; c) drilled and honed; d) electro-discharge machining (EDM) and honed; e) EDM and reamed.&#13;
Roughness measurements using a profilometer, electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis and microhardness tests have been performed previous to mechanical testing to infer on the effect of the different production methods on the surface of the inner hole. Next, the specimens were mechanically tested via slow strain rate tensile tests in a argon and in hydrogen, both at 150 bar and room temperature. Here, a strain-rate sensibility analysis was also performed to identify an optimal strain-rate for the mechanical tests. Based on the results an optimal production method is identified and proposed.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">ASTM Conference on Hydrogen Materials</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">La Rochelle, France</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">03.06.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">06.06.2025</enrichment>
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    <author>Tomás Grimault de Freitas</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen Embrittlement</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hollow Specimen Technique</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-Pressure Gaseous Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Austenitic Stainless Steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>H2HohlZug</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>TransHyDE</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tensile Test</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pipeline Steel</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.1 Komponenten für Energieträger</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55822</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Challenges with metallic materials in hydrogen technologies</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The contribution was presented in the Joint European Summer School in Athens as part of several contributions from BAM in the field of hydrogen safety. These presentations are given in order to provide an overview about the activities of BAM as part of the competence center H2Safety@BAM</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">JOINT EUROPEAN SUMMER SCHOOL (JESS)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Athens, Greece</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">12.09.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">23.09.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Oded Sobol</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gaseous hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen Embrittlement</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen assisted cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2.1 Sicherheit von Energieträgern</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
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    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>63838</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Harmonising Tribotests of Polymers in Hydrogen</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This talk harmonised methods to investigate friction and wear of commercial and experimental polymer compounds in hydrogen using several tribometers.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Surface Ventures - Symposium on Hydrogen Tribology</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">31.07.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Mirco Kröll</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polymers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tribometer</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wear</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Coefficient of Friction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Interlaboratory comparison</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Comparability</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Harmonisation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Standardisation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tribology</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oil-coupled compounds</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>FAIR data</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Database</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>i-TRIBOMAT</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.5 Tribologie und Verschleißschutz</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62019</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>poster</type>
    <publisherName/>
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    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Effect of temperature on the friction behaviour of rubber materials in hydrogen</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Safety and reliability are the major challenges to face for the development and acceptance of hydrogen technology. It is therefore crucial to study deeply material compatibility, in particular for tribological components that are directly in contact with hydrogen. Some of the most critical parts are sealing components that face high risk of damage due variation of pressure, temperature and mechanical stress.  In this study, the friction and wear behaviour of several rubber materials was evaluated in hydrogen environment at ambient and low temperature. Tests were performed against 316L disks in a reciprocation motion. Results reveal that the hydrogen affects the friction and wear behaviour of most materials. The friction mechanism is dominated by deformation for most rubber materials at ambient temperature while sliding occurs at low temperature due to the increased hardness of the rubbers.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Polytrib 2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Portorož, Slovenia</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">03.10.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">04.10.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Geraldine Theiler</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reciprocating sliding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Rubber materials</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Low temperature</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.5 Tribologie und Verschleißschutz</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62084</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Effect of high-pressure hydrogen environment on the physical and mechanical properties of elastomers</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This presentation deals with the exposure of HNBR rubbers to high pressure hydrogen (100 MPa) at 120 °C for 7 and 21 days under static conditions followed by characterization of their physical and mechanical properties.The core areas include swelling, rapid gas decompression, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), tensile strength and compression set properties. This study will assist in expanding the knowledge base of elastomer compatibility with hydrogen and therefore contribute significantly to the selection and development of polymer materials deploying hydrogen as a future energy carrier.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">EHEC European Hydrogen Energy Conferecne 2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Madrid, Spain</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">18.05.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">20.05.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Geraldine Theiler</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Rubbers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Characterization</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.5 Tribologie und Verschleißschutz</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>61224</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Harmonised tribological testing of polymers in hydrogen</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The focus of this work is to study the tribological performance of polymers in hydrogen atmosphere. Additionally, tests were carried out with up to three different tribometers at two institutions. The challenge to compare and harmonise equipment, procedures, and methods is an important part of the study.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">PolyTrib 2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Portoroz, Slovenia</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">03.10.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <author>Mirco Kröll</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tribometer</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Comparability</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Harmonisation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oil-coupled compounds</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.5 Tribologie und Verschleißschutz</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>64473</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Tribological performance of polymer compounds in gaseous hydrogen</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this study, friction and wear of conventional and alternative high performance polymer compounds, typically used for components of compressors, were investigated in gaseous hydrogen and nitrogen up to 80 bar of gas pressure. The compounds used were a commercial PEEK matrix with 10 wt.% each of PTFE, graphite, and short carbon fibres, a PPS matrix with 10 wt.% each of PTFE and graphite, and an experimental PA12 matrix with PTFE chemically coupled with an oleyl alcohol. Due to the cylindrical shape of the polymer samples, the contact area and pressure change if wear occurs. Therefore, experimental results of pre-screening tests have been used as input for FEM and an analytical model to determine the decreasing contact pressure over time. Afterwards, the outcome of the models was used to determine the duration of the experiments to reach typical contact pressures of seals in hydrogen compressors.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">ASMET TriboCorrosion International Conference 2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Vienna, Austria</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">23.10.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Mirco Kröll</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polymer</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tribometer</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Comparability</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Harmonisation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oil-coupled compounds</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Coefficient of Friction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wear</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>FAIR data</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Standardisation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tribology</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Database</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>i-TRIBOMAT</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
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  <doc>
    <id>59712</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>217</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>231</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>5</issue>
    <volume>18</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Japanese Society of Tribologists</publisherName>
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    <title language="eng">Comparison of the sliding behavior of several polymers in gaseous and liquid hydrogen</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The development of hydrogen technologies entails high safety requirements in distribution and dispensing infrastructure. Therefore, it is necessary to pursue research on material compatibility in hydrogen, especially for critical parts with tribological issues. &#13;
The focus of this study is to evaluate the influence of hydrogen on a wider range of commercially available polymer materials. Thereby, the friction and wear behavior of different grades of TPE, POM, PA66, PA12, PPA, PEEK, PPS, PTFE, PAI, PI and PBI were investigated against a rotating steel disk (AISI 304). Filled and unfilled polymers from different suppliers were evaluated at room temperature in air, vacuum and hydrogen gas (H2) as well as in liquid hydrogen at - 253°C (LH2). &#13;
The sliding behavior of the polymer materials is discussed by means of surface analyses, whereby special attention is paid to the formation of a transfer film. &#13;
According to the results at ambient temperature, the effect of hydrogen environment on the tribological behavior of neat polymers may be related to lack of moisture, but also to saturated hydrocarbons in gaseous hydrogen. In liquid hydrogen, the best tribological performances were achieved with neat PA polymers as well as PPS and PI composites.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Tribology Online</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.2474/trol.18.217</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1881-2198</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-597123</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">20.03.2024</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Geraldine Theiler</author>
    <author>Thomas Gradt</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polymers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Composites</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sliding wear</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cryogenic temperature</value>
    </subject>
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    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/59712/Theiler_Tribology Online18-5-2023.pdf</file>
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    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
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    <language>eng</language>
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    <title language="eng">Comparison of the sliding behaviour of several polymers in hydrogen</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The work presented here deals with the friction and wear behaviour of polymer materials in hydrogen. Commercially available grades of PEEK, PA, PPA, PAI, PI and PBI were investigated at room temperature in air and hydrogen gas (H2) as well as in liquid hydrogen at -253°C (LH2).</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">7th World Tribology Congress</parentTitle>
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    <author>Geraldine Theiler</author>
    <author>Thomas Gradt</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Friction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wear</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polymers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cryogenic</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
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    <id>61964</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
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    <title language="eng">Polymer materials in hydrogen</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This presentation provides an overview of the applications and challenges related to polymer materials in hydrogen. The effects of hydrogen on polymers are described and test methods to evaluate the interactions between polymers and hydrogen are presented along with case studies.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Masterstudiengang Wasserstofftechnologien DIU</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">25.08.2023</enrichment>
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    <author>Geraldine Theiler</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polymers</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62007</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Effect of high-pressure hydrogen environment on the physical and mechanical properties of different kinds of carbon black filled elastomers.</title>
    <abstract language="eng">As the transition towards the usage of renewable energy is getting urgent, the fluctuations of clean energy production require efficient storage alternatives. Hydrogen offers not only the possibility of energy storage but also, acts as an energy carrier. It is then important to study the effect of highly pressurized hydrogen atmosphere on the materials destinated for its storage and transport, in order to assure the reliable performance of the sealing materials containing hydrogen. In this study, a set of carbon black (CB) filled rubbers comprising hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) was tested under high pressure hydrogen atmosphere (1000 bar) and at different temperature conditions: 120°C for HNBR, room temperature and 85°C for NBR and EPDM. The influence of hydrogen on the materials properties was measured after 7 days of exposure under hydrogen and evaluated again after 48h. Density and volume change, as well as hardness, tensile tests, compression set, dynamic mechanical measurements and infrared spectroscopy evaluations were conducted to estimate the impact of high-pressure hydrogen on the rubber grades. Our study reveals, an effect on the physical and mechanical properties, possibly related to small changes in the matrix-filler interaction after the hydrogen exposure. All materials, however, show a trend to recover most of their properties 48h after hydrogen exposure.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">RubberCon 2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Edinburgh, Scotland</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">09.05.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">11.05.2023</enrichment>
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    <author>Natalia Cano Murillo</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Elastomers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen exposure</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mechanical properties</value>
    </subject>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62087</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Comparison of the sliding behaviour of several polymers in hydrogen</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The work presented here deals with the friction and wear behaviour of polymer materials in hydrogen. Commercially available grades of PEEK, PA, PPA, PAI, PI and PBI were investigated at room temperature in air and hydrogen gas (H2) as well as in liquid hydrogen at - 253°C (LH2).</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">7th World Tribology Congress, WTC 2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Lyon, France</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">10.07.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">15.07.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
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    <author>Geraldine Theiler</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Friction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wear</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polymers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cryogenic</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
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  <doc>
    <id>64828</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>407</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>416</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>118</volume>
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    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
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    <title language="eng">A study on the mechanical behaviour of carbon black and Struktosil-filled NBR compounds for hydrogen applications</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This study investigates the effect of the addition of a 2D filler (Struktosil) to a carbon black-filled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, developed for seals in hydrogen applications. Several characterization methods have been adopted. The addition of Struktosil increases the stiffness of the material up to a strain of about 100%, to a lesser extent in presence of a plasticizer. The dissipative response of the material is increased by Struktosil addition and decreased in presence of the plasticizer. Concerning fracture behaviour, the crack initiation and Rapid Gas Decompression (RGD) resistance were not affected by the addition of Struktosil but decreased in presence of plasticizer. Furthermore, the addition of Struktosil had a positive effect on crack propagation resistance. The effects of pressurized hydrogen exposure on physical-mechanical properties were also evaluated and correlated with the results. A correlation between fracture toughness and RGD resistance has been also attempted.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">International Journal of Hydrogen Energy</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0360-3199</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.122</identifier>
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      <value>Characterization</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.5 Tribologie und Verschleißschutz</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62006</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Effect of hydrogen pressure on the fretting behavior of elastomers</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this study, the fretting behavior of several elastomer materials against 316L were evaluated in air and hydrogen environment up to 10 MPa. Furthermore, aging experiments were conducted for 7 days under static conditions in 100 MPa hydrogen and the physical and mechanical properties of the rubber materials were examined before and after hydrogen exposure. Fretting tests revealed that the wear of these compounds is significantly affected by the hydrogen environment compared to air, especially with NBR grades. After aging experiment, the friction response of HNBR grades is characterized by increased adhesion due to elastic deformation, leading to partial slip.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">4th Int. Conf. on Polymer Tribology, PolyTrib 2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Stockholm, Sweden</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">05.12.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">06.12.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Geraldine Theiler</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fretting</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Elastomers</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.5 Tribologie und Verschleißschutz</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>63809</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Toward sustainable and hydrogen compatible sealing materials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">As sealing components, polymeric materials are used in a wide range of applications e.g. as O-rings and piston rings in high-pressure and/or cryogenic hydrogen. For these extreme demanding application, PTFE or PPS based materials are often used as high-performance polymer matrix. This project aims to provide a safe and sustainable sealing solutions for hydrogen applications. New materials with improved sustainability were investigated and compared with conventional grades. Tests were performed in hydrogen over a wide range of temperature and pressure (0.1 MPa to 40 MPa, and 100°C down to -150°C) at Kyushu University and BAM using a pin-on-disk apparatus in a continuous sliding motion. Polymer samples ran against 316L disk at 0.5 m/s and 3 MPa contact pressure. Based on the tribological results and surface analyses, promising candidates are suggested along with friction mechanisms in both high-pressure and low temperature hydrogen.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">STLE Meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Atlanta, Georgia, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">18.05.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">22.05.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Geraldine Theiler</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Friction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wear</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Piston ring</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reciprocating seals</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.5 Tribologie und Verschleißschutz</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>61961</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Comparative evaluation of the sliding performance of polymers materials in gaseous and liquid hydrogen</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The focus of this study is to evaluate the influence of hydrogen on the friction and wear behavior of a wide range of commercially available polymer materials. Thereby, Filled and unfilled polymers from different suppliers were evaluated at room temperature in air and hydrogen gas (H2) as well as in liquid hydrogen at - 253°C (LH2).</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">2023 Hydrogenius &amp; I2CNER Tribology Symposium</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Fukuoka, Japan</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">03.02.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Geraldine Theiler</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tribology</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cryogenic</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LH2</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polymers</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.5 Tribologie und Verschleißschutz</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>61452</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">On the assessment of dynamic fracture toughness of ferritic ductile cast iron using the master curve concept</title>
    <abstract language="eng">An established and validated method to determine and assess dynamic fracture toughness values of ferritic ductile cast iron (DCI) in the ductile-to-brittle transition regime is currently not available. Although the ASME-Code, Sect. III, Div. 3, WC-2330 explicitly requires safety assessment considerations for dynamic loading, sufficiently substantial information on the procedure is not given. Therefore, the applicability of the probabilistic Master Curve (MC) concept according to ASTM E1921 to DCI is being investigated in the joint German research project MCGUSS conducted by BAM Berlin and MPA Stuttgart. Using a tailored manufacturing specification, a DCI material of grade GJS-400 has been casted to provide a test material which is very homogeneous but typical for heavy-sections. The experimental test program covers test specimens of various geometries and sizes (Tensile, Charpy-V, Pellini, SE(B)10, SE(B)25, SE(B)140, DC(T)9, C(T)25 and C(T)50). In total about 500 specimens will be tested to investigate and validate the Master Curve concept and its background for DCI (e.g. size effects, weakest-link, Weibull distribution, microstructure-property correlation). While the whole project has not yet concluded, several work packages have already been completed. This presentation is focused on dynamic large-scale fracture mechanics test series using SE(B)140 specimens and instrumented Charpy impact testing using ISO-V specimens.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">European Conference on Fracture 2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Zagreb, Croatia</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">26.08.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">30.08.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Wolfram Baer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dynamic fracture toughness</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ductile cast iron</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Master curve concept</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Kerntechnische Entsorgung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.6 Additive Fertigung metallischer Komponenten</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>64746</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Recent Results on the Investigation of the Master Curve Concept for Ferritic Ductile Cast Iron</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Within the current framework for safety assessment of ferritic ductile cast iron (DCI) containers for transport as well as interim and final storage of radioactive materials, the IAEA guidelines SSG 26 apply fracture mechanics principles. Crack initiation in either, stable or unstable modes is generally forbidden. Additionally, for DCI, the ASME-Code, Sect. III, Div. 3, WC-2330, explicitly requires a safety proof regarding dynamic loading conditions. Nevertheless, corresponding information given in the ASME Code does not seem to be sufficient to appropriately perform a dynamic fracture mechanics safety assessment for DCI. To address and improve this status of the dynamic brittle fracture safety assessment framework for DCI, the application of the fracture mechanics master curve (MC) concept to DCI is being investigated in an ongoing joint research project (acronym MCGUSS) between BAM Berlin and MPA Stuttgart. For ferritic DCI, the MCGUSS project addresses the currently lacking systematic review of applicability and potential modifications to the assumptions and the procedure according to ASTM E1921. The aim is to establish a methodology to determine and assess dynamic fracture toughness values of DCI in the ductile-to-brittle transition regime using small samples extracted from a component. The research approach and the planned investigations were outlined in more detail earlier. This paper is focused on the discussion of recent experimental results to establish the dynamic fracture mechanics toughness data base and its MC analyses. MCGUSS fracture mechanics test setups and the dynamic fracture toughness data base achieved at the time of abstract submission is discussed (covering 128 specimens). Current application limits of ASTM E1921 MC to DCI are discussed, and planned investigations to further investigate and modify the MC procedure for DCI are outlined.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">ASTM 23rd International ASTM/ESIS Symposium on Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Atlanta, GA, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">12.11.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">13.11.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Wolfram Baer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dynamic fracture toughness</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ductile cast iron</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Safety assessment</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Master curve</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Statistics</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Kerntechnische Entsorgung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.6 Additive Fertigung metallischer Komponenten</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>64367</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>poster</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Investigation of the Master Curve Concept for Ferritic Ductile Cast Iron</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The current framework for safety assessment of ferritic ductile cast iron (DCI) containers for transport and storage of radioactive materials applies fracture mechanics principles. As established by the IAEA safety standard SSG 26, prevention of crack initiation is the governing criterion and no reliance in design should be placed on any predicted ductile tearing resistance. Similarly, the ASME-Code, Sect. III, Div. 3 explicitly deals with DCI and requires a safety proof for dynamic loading conditions. However, information given in the guidelines does not seem to be sufficient to appropriately perform such dynamic fracture mechanics safety assessments. The ongoing German research project MCGUSS is tailored to tackle this status. In MCGUSS, the application potential of the probabilistic fracture mechanics master curve (MC) concept according to ASTM E1921 is being systematically investigated and potential modifications specific for dynamic brittle fracture of DCI will be identified. While MCGUSS covers testing of a high number of SE(B)- and C(T)-type specimens, this poster focuses on preliminary C(T) results. The obtained data was statistically analyzed, and current results of MC analyses are discussed. Special emphasis of MCGUSS is on using optical and scanning electron microscopy to link microstructural damage and failure processes to the fracture toughness data gained. A fracture mechanism called "specimen size-dependent arrest of local brittle fractures before global brittle failure by weakest link" is proposed to describe the established dynamic toughness data. Concerning the MC concept, it was shown that the ASTM E1921 procedure cannot simply be adopted to dynamic DCI toughness data on a one-to-one basis. Material specific modifications are being investigated and the DCI dynamic fracture toughness data base is to be expanded.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">MPA Conference 2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Stuttgart, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">06.10.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">08.10.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Marcel Holzwarth</author>
    <author>Wolfram Baer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dynamic fracture toughness</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ductile cast iron</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Safety assessment</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Master curve</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Statistics</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Kerntechnische Entsorgung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.6 Additive Fertigung metallischer Komponenten</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59064</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>5</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>ASTM International</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>West Conshohocken, PA</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Investigation of the Master Curve Concept for Ferritic Ductile Cast Iron</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Within fracture mechanics safety assessment for steels in nuclear technology, the probabilistic master curve (MC) concept according to ASTM E1921 is currently used for quasi-static loading conditions as a supplement to the established deterministic ASME reference curve concept. However, for ductile cast iron (DCI), a systematic review of potential modifications to the assumptions and the procedure according to ASTM E1921 and an associated validation are still lacking. For this reason, the application of the fracture mechanics MC concept to ferritic ductile cast iron is being investigated in a recently started joint research project between MPA Stuttgart and BAM Berlin. According to the IAEA guidelines SSG 26, the safety assessment of DCI containers for transport as well as storage of radioactive materials is based on the fracture mechanics criterion of general crack initiation exclusion. Within this context, the focus of the current research project is on the further development of brittle fracture safety assessment methods. Therefore, a methodology shall be established to determine and assess dynamic fracture toughness values of DCI in the ductile-to-brittle transition regime, using samples extracted from a component. For the experimental program, a DCI material will be produced as it is generally used for transport and storage containers. A basic mechanical-technological material characterization consisting of tensile, Charpy and Pellini tests is planned and a comprehensive fracture mechanics test program was compiled covering dynamic testing of DC(T)9, C(T)25, C(T)50, SE(B)10, SE(B)25, and SE(B)140 specimens. Numerical analyses of different specimen geometries and test setups are planned to investigate the influences of stress triaxiality and loading rate. Throughout the experimental program, the microstructure-property relationship will be investigated based on quantitative metallographic and fractographic analyses. Finally, different MC assessment strategies will be considered and modifications will be made if necessary.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of 21st International Symposium ASTM/ESIS Symposium on Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="eventName">21st International Symposium ASTM/ESIS Symposium on Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Washington, DC, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">08.11.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">10.11.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Marcel Holzwarth</author>
    <author>Wolfram Baer</author>
    <author>Uwe Mayer</author>
    <author>Stephan Weihe</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ductile Cast Iron</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dynamic Fracture Toughness</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cleavage Fracture</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Master Curve Concept</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Kerntechnische Entsorgung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.6 Additive Fertigung metallischer Komponenten</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62555</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>123</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>129</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>DVM-Verlag</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Deutscher Verband für Materialprüfung</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Master Curve-Auswertungen und Untersuchung des Größeneffekts für c(t)-proben - Aktuelle Erkenntnisse zur Untersuchung des Master Curve Konzepts für ferritisches Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit bei dynamischer Beanspruchung</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Ausgehend vom Stand des Regelwerkes und der Forschung wird in einem BMUV-Verbundprojekt zwischen der MPA Stuttgart und der BAM Berlin die Anwendung des Master Curve (MC)-Konzepts auf ferritisches Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit (DCI) untersucht. Ziel des Verbundprojekts ist die Anwendbarkeit des MC-Konzepts näher zu untersuchen und ggf. Modifikationen vorzunehmen, um eine Bewertungsmethode für die dynamische Bruchzähigkeit von DCI im Übergangsbereich zu erarbeiten. Auf den Jahrestagungen 2023 und 2024 des DVM-AK Bruchmechanik und Bauteilsicherheit wurden bereits der Forschungsansatz sowie erste Ergebnisse des Projekts MCGUSS präsentiert. Der Beitrag für die diesjährige Tagung soll nun MC-Auswertungen und den Größeneffekt für C(T)-Proben aus DCI diskutieren.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Bruchmechanische Werkstoff- und Bauteilbewertung: Beanspruchungsanalyse, Prüfmethoden und Anwendungen</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.48447/BR-2025-495</identifier>
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    <author>Marcel Holzwarth</author>
    <author>Wolfram Baer</author>
    <author>Uwe Mayer</author>
    <author>Stefan Weihe</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Versuche</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Master Curve</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bruchmechanik</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dynamische Beanspruchung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit</value>
    </subject>
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    <title language="eng">Investigating the Applicability of the Master Curve Concept for Ductile Cast Iron – Early Results for 2 Different Test Temperatures</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Based on the state-of-the-art research and regulations, the application of the fracture mechanics master curve (MC) concept to ferritic ductile cast iron (DCI) is being investigated in a joint research project between MPA Stuttgart and BAM Berlin. This paper outlines the research approach, the planned investigations and first results of the experimental program.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Safety of Extended Dry Storage</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="eventName">8th SEDS Workshop: Safety of Extended Dry Storage</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Garching, Germany</enrichment>
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    <author>Marcel Holzwarth</author>
    <author>Uwe Mayer</author>
    <author>Wolfram Baer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dynamic fracture</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Brittle fracture</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ductile cast iron</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Master Curve</value>
    </subject>
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    <title language="deu">Statistische Auswertung der SE(B)-Bruchzähigkeitsdatenbasis und Untersuchungen zum Bruchmechanismus - Neue Ergebnisse zur Untersuchung des Master Curve Konzepts für ferritisches Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit bei dynamischer Beanspruchung (Projekt MCGUSS)</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die Zielstellung des laufenden Kooperationsprojektes MCGUSS zwischen der BAM Berlin und der MPA Stuttgart ist es, das probabilistische Master Curve (MC)-Konzept hinsichtlich seiner Übertragbarkeit auf ferritisches Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit (DCI) zu untersuchen. Über Teilergebnisse der Arbeiten wurde bereits auf den Jahrestagungen 2023 bis 2025 des DVM-AK Bruchmechanik und Bauteilsicherheit berichtet. Der vorliegende Beitrag hat zwei Schwerpunkte. &#13;
Zum einen wurde die Datenbasis der dynamischen Bruchzähigkeit für SE(B)-Proben der Dicken 10 mm, 25 mm und 140 mm auf insgesamt 101 Versuche bei Temperaturen von -40 °C bis -140 °C erweitert, statistisch ausgewertet sowie MC-Analysen unterzogen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Daten sich zwar mit einer Weibullverteilung gut beschreiben lassen, die MC-Methode nach ASTM E1921 jedoch nicht ohne Weiteres anwendbar ist, sondern Modifikationen erforderlich sind.&#13;
Des Weiteren werden neue Ergebnisse zum werkstoffspezifischen Bruchmechanismus bei dynamischer Belastung im unteren Übergangsbereich der Zähigkeit diskutiert. Die fraktographische Datenbank wurde durch REM-Analysen weiterer Bruchflächen von SE(B)25-Proben bei -40 °C, -60 °C und -80 °C ergänzt. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die prägende Rolle, die Rissarrestereignissen im Verlauf des dynamischen Sprödbruchversagens bei DCI zukommt. Der in MCGUSS zur Erklärung eines gegenüber Stahl inversen Probengrößeneinflusses vorgeschlagene Mechanismus „Specimen size-dependent arrest of local brittle fractures before global brittle failure by weakest link“ wird dadurch weiter unterstützt.</abstract>
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    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Stuttgart, Germany</enrichment>
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    <author>Wolfram Baer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dynamic fracture toughness</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ductile cast iron</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Safety assessment</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Master curve</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Statistics</value>
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  </doc>
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    <title language="deu">Statistische Auswertung der SE(B)-Bruchzähigkeitsdatenbasis und Untersuchungen zum Bruchmechanismus – neue Ergebnisse zur Untersuchung des Master Curve Konzepts für ferritisches Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit bei dynamischer Beanspruchung (Projekt MCGUSS)</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die Zielstellung des laufenden Kooperationsprojektes MCGUSS zwischen der BAM Berlin und der MPA Stuttgart ist es, das probabilistische Master Curve (MC)-Konzept hinsichtlich seiner Übertragbarkeit auf ferritisches Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit (DCI) zu untersuchen. Über Teilergebnisse der Arbeiten wurde bereits auf den Jahrestagungen 2023 bis 2025 des DVM-AK Bruchmechanik und Bauteilsicherheit berichtet. Der vorliegende Beitrag hat zwei Schwerpunkte. &#13;
Zum einen wurde die Datenbasis der dynamischen Bruchzähigkeit für SE(B)-Proben der Dicken 10 mm, 25 mm und 140 mm auf insgesamt 101 Versuche bei Temperaturen von -40 °C bis -140 °C erweitert, statistisch ausgewertet sowie MC-Analysen unterzogen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Daten sich zwar mit einer Weibullverteilung gut beschreiben lassen, die MC-Methode nach ASTM E1921 jedoch nicht ohne Weiteres anwendbar ist, sondern Modifikationen erforderlich sind.&#13;
Des Weiteren werden neue Ergebnisse zum werkstoffspezifischen Bruchmechanismus bei dynamischer Belastung im unteren Übergangsbereich der Zähigkeit diskutiert. Die fraktographische Datenbank wurde durch REM-Analysen weiterer Bruchflächen von SE(B)25-Proben bei -40 °C, -60 °C und -80 °C ergänzt. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die prägende Rolle, die Rissarrestereignissen im Verlauf des dynamischen Sprödbruchversagens bei DCI zukommt. Der in MCGUSS zur Erklärung eines gegenüber Stahl inversen Probengrößeneinflusses vorgeschlagene Mechanismus „Specimen size-dependent arrest of local brittle fractures before global brittle failure by weakest link“ wird dadurch weiter unterstützt.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Proceedings der DVM-Jahrestagung des Arbeitskreises Bruchmechanik und Bauteilsicherheit</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="eventName">DVM-Jahrestagung 2026 des Arbeitskreises Bruchmechanik und Bauteilsicherheit</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Stuttgart, Germany</enrichment>
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    <author>Wolfram Baer</author>
    <author>Katrin Ohm</author>
    <author>Marcel Holzwarth</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Statistics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dynamic fracture toughness</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ductile cast iron</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Master curve</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Safety assessment</value>
    </subject>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65571</id>
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    <language>eng</language>
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    <pageLast>15</pageLast>
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    <title language="eng">Hydrogen diffusion in thick-walled S690 saw joints: part 1—experimental determination of microstructure-dependent diffusion coefficients</title>
    <abstract language="eng">High-strength low-alloyed steel S690 is widely used in heavy-duty applications, such as structural components, mobile cranes, and industrial plant construction, owing to their high strength and weldability. However, thick-plate submerged arc welding (SAW) can introduce elevated hydrogen levels and residual stresses that promote time-delayed hydrogen-assisted&#13;
cold cracking (HACC). Accurate, microstructure-specific diffusion data are scarce, limiting predictive HACC assessments. This study presents an experimental determination of hydrogen diffusion coefficients (DH) in two S690 variants: thermomechanically rolled (S690MC) and quenched and tempered (S690Q). Multi-layer SAW welds were produced from 30 mm thick plate material at three heat input levels, and diffusion membranes were extracted from weld metal (WM), heat-affected zone (HAZ), and base material (BM). Hydrogen permeation tests, conducted in accordance with DIN En ISO 17081, yielded flux curves normalized in time from which DH was derived using the inflection-point method. At room temperature, DH values ranged from 6 × 10−5 mm2/s to 9 × 10−5 mm2/s across all regions and heat inputs, with no significant difference between S690MC and S690Q. Weld metal exhibited marginally lower DH, attributed to enhanced hydrogen trapping, while base material measurements showed greater variability. These microstructure-resolved diffusion coefficients add quantitative data for modern S690 SAW welds and provide internally consistent input parameters for the numerical simulations presented in part 2. The results support improved parameterization for subsequent assessments of HACC risk through the optimization of welding parameters.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0043-2288</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-026-02400-7</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-655711</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Denis Czeskleba</author>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>Karsten Wandtke</author>
    <author>Muhammad Dary Irfan</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengiesser</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen assisted cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Submerged arc welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Diffusion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electrochemical permeation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Microstructure</value>
    </subject>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65572</id>
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    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>16</pageLast>
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    <title language="eng">Hydrogen diffusion in thick-walled S690 SAW joints: part 2 – predictive modeling of heat input and microstructure influence</title>
    <abstract language="eng">High-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels such as S690 are widely employed in thick-walled welded structures, where hydrogen-assisted cold cracking (HACC) remains a persistent concern. While microstructure-specific hydrogen diffusion coefficients (DH) for weld metal (WM), heat-affected zone (HAZ), and base material (BM) were experimentally established in Part 1 of this study, their quantitative influence on hydrogen accumulation and effusion has not yet been fully clarified. This work presents a transient, spatially resolved numerical model for simulating hydrogen transport in multi-pass submerged arc welds. The model integrates experimentally determined DH values with realistic thermal cycles and temperature-dependent boundary conditions. Developed in Python, the simulation tool is purpose-built for hydrogen diffusion in welded joints. It offers a focused, transparent alternative. It offers a focused, transparent alternative to general-purpose finite element platforms. Parametric analyses demonstrate that, although the diffusion coefficients vary by up to 50%, their impact on overall hydrogen retention is minor. In contrast, plate thickness, bead geometry, cooling time (t₈/₅), and interpass temperature exert a dominant influence on hydrogen distribution. Despite clear microstructural differences between the thermomechanically rolled (S690MC) and quenched and tempered (S690Q) variants, including opposite HAZ hardness responses (softening in S690MC, hardening in S690Q) in the (pen)ultimate weld bead, the simulations confirm that their diffusion behavior and hydrogen solubility are closely aligned. Consequently, differences in DH and solubility exert only a minor influence on hydrogen retention compared to thermal exposure and joint geometry. These findings support the interchangeable use of both steel grades in terms of HACC risk due to hydrogen diffusion kinetics under comparable welding conditions.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0043-2288</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-026-02395-1</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">09.03.2026</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Denis Czeskleba</author>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>Karsten Wandtke</author>
    <author>Muhammad Dary Irfan</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengiesser</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen assisted cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Numerical simulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Diffusion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Submerged arc welding</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65572/s40194-026-02395-1.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65683</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
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    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">SHIMMER Database for Hydrogen Integration in European Gas Grids</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The integration of hydrogen into existing natural gas infrastructure is an important pathway for achieving the European Union’s climate neutrality goals. However, hydrogen blending in gas networks raises technical challenges related to material compatibility, operational safety, and the lack of harmonized assessment methodologies across Europe. These challenges are addressed within the Safe Hydrogen Injection Modelling and Management for European Gas Network Resilience (SHIMMER) project, funded by the Clean Hydrogen Partnership under the Horizon Europe programme.&#13;
&#13;
A key outcome of the project is the development of an openly accessible database designed to support the assessment of hydrogen readiness in European gas networks and to facilitate knowledge sharing. The database compiles infrastructure data provided by project partners, including several European transmission and distribution system operators. It contains detailed information on gas network components such as pipelines, valves, fittings, gaskets, and compressors.&#13;
&#13;
In addition, a new category has been introduced focusing on the hydrogen compatibility of gas grid components and materials. This section provides structured information linking infrastructure components with material types and their hydrogen compatibility, enabling more systematic evaluation of hydrogen injection scenarios. By organizing heterogeneous datasets into a harmonized and user-friendly structure, the SHIMMER database supports research, best-practice development, and the safe integration of hydrogen into existing European gas infrastructure.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">EHEC 2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Seville, Spain</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">11.03.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">13.03.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Nilsah Ekici</author>
    <author>Oded Sobol</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Database</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gas Grid</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Low-carbon</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pipeline Steel</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.1 Komponenten für Energieträger</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65682</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>12</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Sage Journals</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of ultrasonic-assisted milling on surface integrity of additively manufactured components using MSG processes</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Additive manufacturing (AM) is increasingly used for producing complex metallic components. Subsequent machining is essential to achieve final geometries and surface conditions. The resulting surface integrity, particularly the near-surface residual stress state, plays a crucial role in component performance and fatigue life. This study investigates the potential of ultrasonic-assisted milling (USAM), a hybrid machining process, to improve surface integrity and machinability compared to conventional milling (CM). Three materials were investigated, two difficult-to-cut materials CoCr26Ni9Mo5W and FeNi36 and a low-alloy steel S355J2C. The CoCr26Ni9Mo5W and FeNi36 were additively manufactured via Directed Energy Deposition (DED)-Arc and then machined with varying cutting speeds and feed rates within a Design of Experiments. USAM exhibited enhanced machinability and surface integrity, particularly at low cutting speeds, by reducing cutting forces up to 40% and shifting near-surface residual stresses from tensile to compressive. For S355J2C, USAM reduced cutting forces by approximately 45% and induced near-surface compressive residual stresses up to approximately −700 MPa. Rotating bending tests (DIN50100) show that USAM increases the technical fatigue limit from 307 MPa (CM) to 341 MPa (USAM), i.e., by ∼11%. These findings highlight the advantages of ultrasonic assistance in post-AM machining, offering enhanced fatigue performance and surface quality for various metallic materials.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1177/14644207261416395</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">4th International Conference on Advanced Joining Processes 2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Coimbra, Portugal</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">16.10.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">17.10.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">18.03.2026</enrichment>
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    <author>Lorenz Engelking</author>
    <author>A. Eissel</author>
    <author>Mauro Madia</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>K. Treutler</author>
    <author>Julius Kruse</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <author>V. Wesling</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic-assisted milling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stress</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface integrity</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65679</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>12</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Spriner</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of build‑up height on residual stresses in additive repair and modification using DED‑Arc with high‑strength filler metals</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Directed energy deposition (DED)-Arc is suitable for the hybrid additive manufacturing, modification and repair of large metal components with high deposition rates. Residual stresses and distortion are of central importance when characterizing the manufactured components and the sensitive transition area between additive manufactured (AM) component and semifinished product. Residual stresses caused by the thermal cycles during the manufacturing process can impair the mechanical properties of the manufactured parts and can lead to component failure, especially for high-strength steels. Therefore, understanding and controlling residual stresses, when combining different base and feedstock materials, is critical to improve the quality and efficiency of the hybrid DED-Arc process. This article deals with the influence of the build-up height on the residual stress distribution of additively manufactured components with a selected base and feedstock material from commercial high-strength steels. Using a robot-assisted DED-system and a controlled short arc, AM welding experiments were carried out with close to the application parameters at working temperature (200 °C) and heat input (650 kJ/m). Five hybrid AM specimens (AM wall on upright structural steel plate) were produced using a one bead per layer strategy and selected AM-wall heights between 15 and 300 mm. The influence of the AM build height on the longitudinal residual stress in the whole hybrid AM specimen (in welding direction) was analyzed and discussed. All experiments exhibit comparable stress distributions in the area of the substrate plate up to the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and the transition zone, regardless of the building height. The height significantly influences the residual stress distribution of the deposited AM-component. Tensile residual stresses with a maximum range between 300and 400 MPa were always found in the last approx. 18 component layers (upper 40 mm). This is due to restraint of the shrinking of the top layers by the layers below. The lower layers show homogeneous residual stress distributions characterized by low compressive stresses due to the process-related tempering during the deposition of each layer on top of each other. As a result, the significant difference between the various AM build-up heights of the hybrid AM specimens is the extent (or height) of this tempered zone with low compressive stresses. These correlations contribute to the understanding of residual stress development with increasing structure height or ratio of component heights of substrate semi-finished product and AM component in hybrid additive manufacturing.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-026-02417-y</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1878-6669</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-656793</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">78th  IIW Annual Assembly and International Conference</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Genoa, Italy</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">22.06.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">27.06.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">18.03.2026</enrichment>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>R. Scharf-Wildenhain</author>
    <author>Lorenz Engelking</author>
    <author>A. Hälsig</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <author>J. Hensel</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DED-Arc</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stress</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Heat control</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65679/Influence of buildup height on residual stresses in additive repair and modification.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65699</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>13</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of microstructure on the machinability and surface integrity of additively manufactured iron aluminides</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The increasing global focus on energy and resource efficiency has stimulated a growing interest in additive manufacturing. AM offers economic advantages and enables an efficient use of materials. However, AM components often require subsequent mechanical post-processing, such as machining (e.g., milling), to achieve the final contours or surfaces. This is a particular challenge due to the heterogeneous and anisotropic nature of AM structures, which affect machining and the resulting component properties. High-performance materials such as iron aluminide represent a promising alternative to conventional high-temperature materials with a significant economic advantage. However, the strength and hardness properties, which are advantageous for applications in highly stressed lightweight components, pose a challenge for economical machining in addition to the AM microstructure properties. The difficult-to-cut material causes accelerated tool wear and insufficient surface quality. This study shows that crack-free additive manufacturing of the three-component system of iron-nickel-aluminum is possible, and advantages in terms of machinability compared to FeAl-AM components are achieved. The more homogeneous microstructure leads to a reduction in cutting forces, with positive effects on the machinability and optimized surface integrity. Ultrasonic assisted milling (USAM) offers great potential to address the major challenges posed by difficult-to-cut materials and additively manufactured weld structures. Therefore, this study focuses on assessing the transferability of previous positive results by USAM to the selected iron aluminide alloys. The machinability of the aluminides is analyzed by varying significant influencing variables in finish milling experiments and evaluated in terms of the loads on the tool and the resulting surface integrity.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0043-2288</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-026-02382-6</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-656993</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Julien Witte</author>
    <author>Kai Treutler</author>
    <author>Dirk Schroepfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengiesser</author>
    <author>Volker Wesling</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Iron aluminide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Machinability</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface integrity</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic-assisted milling process</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Leichtbau</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65699/s40194-026-02382-6.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65716</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Determination, Assessment and Quantification of Hydrogen in Multi-pass / Multi-layer Weld Joints by Adapted ISO 3690 Samples - DEAQuade -</title>
    <abstract language="eng">High-strength, low-alloy (HSLA) structural steels, such as S690 and higher grades, are used in numerous applications, enabling sustainable, lightweight structural construction. However, the welded joints of these steels can be susceptible to hydrogen-assisted cold cracking (HACC), especially in the hardened weld metal (WM) or heat-affected zone (HAZ). HACC in high-strength welds basically involves a critical combination of local, mutually dependent parameters consisting of: (1) a crack-critical microstructure; (2) sufficiently high mechanical stress; and (3) a diffusible hydrogen concentration (HD). In this context, thick-walled steel weld joints typically involve multi-layer welding with several passes. This leads to an effective, empirically known reduction in the global HD in the weld seam. This reduction is due to the repeated reheating of subsequently welded beads or layers, which reduces the local HD in the individual weld beads or layers. However, this has not yet been adequately quantified or described. Bead-on-plate tests, such as ISO 3690, cannot correctly reproduce the local HD distribution in individual welding passes (and thus, the global HD in the entire seam). Therefore, these tests lead to an extremely conservative evaluation of hydrogen ingress and the potential for "self-reduction" of HD due to increased interpass temperature during multi-layer welding, which has not yet been adequately addressed in the literature. Ideally, the local HD in each pass and the global (average) HD of the multi-layer weld would be known immediately after welding. For this reason, the study proposes an approach to address the local, track-, and layer-dependent, as well as global, hardness (HD) of multi-layer welds via a modified ISO 3690 test. To this end, representative welding parameter combinations for selected practical welding processes (e.g., SAW, GMAW, or SMAW) will be carried out as conventional bead-on-plate samples. These samples will be systematically extended by an increasing number of welding passes. Several sample series with an increasing number of beads or layers will be examined. Additionally, the initial HD is varied by methods such as targeted shielding gas variation (e.g., addition of hydrogen in GMAW) or moistened flux/coating (e.g., SAW/SMAW). Based on experimental data (temperature field measurements during welding and determination of temperature-dependent HD coefficients), a numerical hydrogen diffusion model is created. This model calculates the local HD (in the beads) and the HD across the weld cross-section. Additional variation calculations represent heat transfer conditions that were not recorded experimentally and their influence on HD distribution. Finally, we investigate the potential use of the modified ISO 3690 multi-layer geometry for application cases such as (1) predicting the effectiveness and necessity of hydrogen removal heat treatment procedures for given welding parameter sets and (2) extending the HD classification definition (e.g., allowing HD10 use for HSLA steels with RP0.2 &gt; 690 MPa instead of HD5). Finally, an international round robin should be initiated once the concept has been successfully confirmed and verified.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Intermediate Meeting, Com. II-A</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Bangkok, Thailand</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">17.03.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">17.03.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen assisted cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multi-pass welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Diffusion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cold cracking test</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65735</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>11</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of Ultrasonic-Assisted Milling on Surface  Integrity and Fatigue Strength of a Low Alloy Steel</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The milling process significantly influences the surface integrity of metallic components through machining induced near surface residual stresses. Modern hybrid machining processes, such as ultrasonic-assisted milling (USAM), offer the potential to induce beneficial near-surface compressive residual stresses compared to the near-surface tensile residual stresses typically resulting from conventional milling (CM). This study investigates the effects of USAM compared to CM on the near-surface residual stress state and fatigue performance of a S355J2C low-alloy steel. Milling experiments and subsequent rotating bending tests revealed that USAM significantly reduces cutting force by approximately 45% and induces near-surface compressive re sidual stresses as low as −733MPa. This leads to a significant improvement in fatigue strength estimated in approximately 34% compared to polished specimens and 11% compared to the CM. These findings highlight the potential of USAM to enhance the fatigue performance of components made of steel.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Fatigue &amp; Fracture of Engineering Materials &amp; Structures</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1111/ffe.70259</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-657358</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Lorenz Engelking</author>
    <author>Mauro Madia</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Julius Kruse</author>
    <author>Romeo Saliwan Neumann</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fatigue strength</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stress</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface integrity</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface roughness</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic-assisted milling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5 Werkstofftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.1 Mikrostruktur Design und Degradation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65735/Influence of Ultrasonic_Assisted Milling on Surface Integrity and Fatigue Strength.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65774</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
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    <type>lecture</type>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">(K)ein explosives Thema? - Schweißen an und auf zukünftigen Wasserstoffpipelines im Betrieb unter Druckgasfluss</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Das Schweißen an druckführenden Leitungen im Betrieb ist beim Erdgas-Fernleitungsnetz Stand der Technik, beispielsweise beim Setzen von Abgängen durch „Hot-Tapping“. Diese Technik wird auch beim zukünftigen Wasserstoff-Kernnetz eine bedeutende Rolle spielen. Verfahrensbedingt ist daher eine bestimmte Wasserstoffaufnahme während des Schweißens unvermeidbar. Aus diesem Grund werden derzeit in mehreren Forschungsprojekten wie umfassende Erkenntnisse zum Schweißen an Rohrleitungen unter Druckwasserstoff gewonnen. Die grundsätzliche Übertragbarkeit des „Hot-Tapping“ auf zukünftige Wasserstoff-Rohrleitungen wurde bereits bestätigt (u. a. DNV-Projekt und HyTap). Allerdings besteht allein das zukünftige Wasserstoff-Kernnetz in Deutschland aus einer Vielzahl von Bestands- und Neuwerkstoffen mit unterschiedlichen Festigkeiten, Durchmessern und Wandstärken. Für diese ist eine umfassende Betrachtung notwendig. In diesem Bereich leistet das Projekt H2-SuD wesentliche Beiträge, insbesondere zur Frage der Anpassung der Mindestwandstärke für sicheres Schweißen. Hierzu bieten die Demonstratoren eine ideale Grundlage zum Screening vieler Schweißparameter-Werkstoff-Kombinationen. Eine erhöhte Wasserstoffkonzentration beim Schweißen wurde experimentell belegt (DNV-Projekt und H2-SuD), allerdings im allgemein nicht als kritisch erachteten Bereich. Zudem wurde eine Wasserstoffversprödung der Schweißnaht während des Schweißens an druckwasserstoffführenden Demonstratoren bisher nicht beobachtet. Dies liegt u.a. an den mechanischen Eigenschaften der Rohrleitungswerkstoffe (gute Dehnfähigkeit, auch im geschweißten Zustand).</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Vortragsreihe des Bezirksverbandes Berlin des Deutschen Verbandes für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren (DVS) e.V.</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">25.03.2026</enrichment>
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    <author>Martin Hübner</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wasserstoff</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Rohrleitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Demonstrator</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bauteilprüfung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65784</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
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    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Praktikable Prüfung der Wasserstoffverteilung in Mehrlagenschweißungen in Anlehnung an die DIN EN ISO 3690</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Das Forschungsvorhaben adressiert eine zentrale Lücke und damit einhergehende Einschränkung für geschweißte hochfeste Werkstoffe in der aktuellen Normung: Die DIN EN ISO 3690 erlaubt ausschließlich die Bestimmung des diffusiblen Wasserstoffs in einlagigen Prüfraupen und bildet damit die realen Bedingungen in mehrlagigen Schweißnähten hochfester Stähle nicht ab. Durch das mehrfache wiederholte Aufwärmen wird die eingebrachte Wasserstoffkonzentration deutlich unter die konservativen, einlagigen Prüfraupen bereits während des Schweißens abgesenkt. Hierzu fehlt jedoch eine einfache, experimentelle Methoden, um die tatsächliche lokale lagenabhängige bzw. globale Wasserstoffverteilung quantifizieren zu können. Das Vorhaben entwickelt daher erstmals eine Versuchsmethodik, der reale Diffusions- und Entgasungsbedingungen von Mehrlagenschweißungen experimentell reproduziert. Dadurch werden die Nachteile der ISO 3690 (einlagige Prüfraupe, konservative Bewertung) aufgehoben und mit dem Hauptvorteil (robuste, einfache Handhabung) kombiniert. Durch gezielte Variation von Wärmeführung, Zwischenlagentemperaturen und Wasserstoffangebot werden lokale und globale Wasserstoffverteilungen quantifiziert. Ergänzt durch ein numerisches Diffusionsmodell entsteht ein skalierbares Bewertungswerkzeug, das die experimentellen Daten generalisiert und auf reale Schweißnähte überträgt. Die Ergebnisse ermöglichen: (1) eine realitätsnahe Bewertung verbleibender Wasserstoffgehalte,  Kaltrisssicherheit, damit die (2) die mögliche Ausweitung der HD Klassifizierung hochfester Schweißzusätze, und (3) die Beurteilung der Effektivität und Notwendigkeit von Wärmenachbehandlungs-maßnahmen (wie „Wasserstoffarmglühen“).</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Sitzung des NA 092-00-05 GA Gemeinschaftsarbeitsausschuss NAS/NMP: Zerstörende Prüfung von Schweißverbindungen (DVS AG Q 4/Q 4.1)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">24.03.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
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    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wasserstoff</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ISO 3690</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Prüfung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mehrlagennaht</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65765</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
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    <type>poster</type>
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    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Sichere Wasserstoffnetze ModuH2Pipe</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Modulare Testplattform für den sicheren Transport von Wasserstoff in neuen und vorhandenen Gasverteilnetzen Die BAM schafft mit der modularen Testplattform ModuH2Pipe erstmals in Europa eine Testinfrastruktur, welche die Betrachtung sicherheitstechnischer Fragestellungen im Realmaßstab und zugleich unter kritischen Bedingungen erlaubt, die sich im Zusammenhang mit Wasserstoff-und Wasserstoff-Erdgas-Pipelines stellen. Ziel ist, Gasnetzbetreibern u. a. ein Dienstleistungsangebot zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches die umfassende Beantwortung dieser und weiterer sicherheitstechnischer Fragestellungen ermöglicht. Die Testplattform ModuH2Pipe wird auf dem BAM Testgelände Technische Sicherheit (BAM TTS) stehen und integriert zwei Module, die für die experimentelle Untersuchung von Pipelinesegmenten, -komponenten (Dichtungen, Ventile etc.) und Polymerkomponenten im Originalmaßstab ausgelegt sind. Aber auch digitale Aspekte für Wasserstoffnetze können betrachtet werden.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">1. Fachtagung für Anlagen- und Prozesstechnik</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">24.03.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">26.03.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
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    <author>Peter Hartwig</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wasserstoff</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ModuH2Pipe</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Testplattform</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Realmaßstab</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wasserstoffkernnetz</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="660">Chemische Verfahrenstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2.1 Sicherheit von Energieträgern</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.1 Komponenten für Energieträger</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
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    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Anlagensicherheit und Prozesssimulation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65744</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
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    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
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    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Schweißen an druckführenden Wasserstoff-Ferngasleitungen im Betrieb – Ein Überblick über aktuelle FuE-Ergebnisse</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Grüner Wasserstoff wird als zukünftiger Energieträger eine wichtige Rolle bei der Dekarbonisierung der Energieversorgung spielen. Der Transport über große Entfernungen wird mittels eines Wasserstoff-Fernleitungsnetzes erfolgen. Ein solches Netz erfordert regelmäßig Schweißarbeiten zu Reparatur-, Wartungs- oder Erweiterungszwecken. Im Erdgasnetz ist das Schweißen im laufenden Betrieb gängige Praxis, da eine Außerbetriebnahme der Leitung technisch und wirtschaftlich sehr schwierig ist. Wasserstoff kann jedoch in den Rohrleitungsstahl eindringen, insbesondere bei erhöhten Temperaturen. Dies könnte zu einer Degradation der Materialeigenschaften oder sogar zu einem Versagen führen, bedingt durch die bekannten Effekte der wasserstoffinduzierten Versprödung und der wasserstoffunterstützten Rissbildung. Im Forschungsprojekt H2-SuD wird dies gezielt untersucht. Hierfür werden unter anderem Druckgasbeladung, Schweißversuche an vereinfachten Ersatzgeometrien und an realitätsnahen Demonstratoren, sowie numerische Simulation auf Basis gewonnener experimenteller Daten eingesetzt.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Sitzung DIN NA 092-00-05 GA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">24.03.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">24.03.2026</enrichment>
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    <author>Sebastian Kaiser</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pipeline</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wasserstoff</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ferngasleitung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
