<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>49520</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>102190</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>109</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Crack detection in reinforced concrete</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Automatic segmentation of cracks using crack detection methods fails when applied on concrete with embedded reinforcements; it results in artifacts called false-detected cracks. We present a two-step approach to trace the cracks which reduces significantly detecting the false ones. In the first step, the reinforcements were found and removed from the 3D data set, and in the second step, the cracks were detected in the 3D data set free from reinforcements. To visualize and determine the structure and the degree of damages nondestructively, planar tomography as a special case of laminography was used.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">NDT and E International</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.ndteint.2019.102190</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">20.01.2020</enrichment>
    <author>Robabeh Moosavi</author>
    <author>Marcel Grunwald</author>
    <author>Bernhard Redmer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>3D imaging</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laminography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Crack detection</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reinforced concrete</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50653</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>Article number: 97</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>5</issue>
    <volume>12</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer-Verlag GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Germany</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Two burials in a unique freshwater shell midden: insights into transformations of Stone Age hunter-fisher daily life in Latvia</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The Stone Age site Riņņukalns, Latvia, is the only well-stratified shell midden in the Eastern Baltic. In this paper, we present new interdisciplinary results concerning its dating, stratigraphy, features, and finds to shed light on the daily life of a fisher population prior to the introduction of domesticated animals. The undisturbed part of the midden consists of alternating layers of unburnt mussel shell, burnt mussel shell and fish bone, containing artefacts, some mammal and bird bones, and human burials. Two of them, an adult man and a baby, are discovered recently and date to the calibration plateau between 3350 and 3100 cal BC, and to the later 4th millennium, respectively. Stable isotopes suggest a diet based heavily on freshwater fish, and this is supported not only by ten thousands of identified fish remains, but also by a fish bone concentration nearby the skull of the man, which is interpreted as remain of a grave gift (possible fish soup). Of special interest are the baby’s stable isotope values. It shows that the mother’s diet was atypical (perhaps because she was non-local), and/or that dietary stress during pregnancy increased fractionation between the mother’s diet and her bloodstream</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s12520-020-01049-7</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">30.04.2020</enrichment>
    <author>U. Brinker</author>
    <author>V. Bērziņš</author>
    <author>A. Ceriņa</author>
    <author>G. Gerhards</author>
    <author>M. Kalniņš</author>
    <author>U. Schmölcke</author>
    <author>Dietmar Meinel</author>
    <author>H. Luebke</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Baltic Stone Age</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Palaeoanthropology</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52415</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>103033</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>145</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">X-ray imaging techniques for inspection of composite pipelines</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The literature has shown that the application of laminography provides advantages as 3D radiographic imaging with depth information for in house and mobile testing. This permits to distinguish between overlapping indications, measure the extension along radiation direction and classify indications as surface open or subsurface &#13;
ones as required in critical engineering assessment. This work provides a comparative study and measurements of the three techniques Digital Radiography (DR) with Digital Detector Arrays (DDA), Coplanar Translational Laminography (CTL) and Computed Tomography (CT), applied for composite pipeline inspection. It is demonstrated that CTL and CT provide advantages for the evaluation of pipe-to-pipe connections and the evaluation of adhesive applications. They show indications of discontinuities with higher contrast sensitivity than radiography. &#13;
Beyond it, two specimen, namely Phantom 1 and Phantom 2, were developed and manufactured by additive manufacturing to analyze the preferential detection sensitivity and the direction of features and depth information for laminographic measurements. Another goal was to show the laminographic capabilities to distinguish between overlapping discontinuities. CTL is especially suitable for mobile inspection. Special glass fiber reinforced polymer samples (GRP) were manufactured for further analysis and comparisons between the abovementioned techniques. Finally, Phantoms 1 and 2 show the capability of laminography to detect overlapping indications and also show that discontinuities oriented perpendicular to the scan direction have the highest contrast sensitivity for laminographic measurements.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Micron</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0968-4328</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.micron.2021.103033</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">12.04.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>W. Silva</author>
    <author>R. Lopes</author>
    <author>Uwe Zscherpel</author>
    <author>Dietmar Meinel</author>
    <author>Uwe Ewert</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Digital Radiography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laminography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Computed Tomography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Composite Pipes</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Image Quality</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54352</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>14</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <volume>12</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel Switzerland</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Non-Destructive Multi-Method Assessment of Steel Fiber Orientation in Concrete</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Integration of fiber reinforcement in high-performance cementitious materials has become widely applied in many fields of construction. One of the most investigated advantages of steel Fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) is the deceleration of crack growth and hence its improved sustainability.&#13;
Additional benefits are associated with its structural properties, as fibers can significantly increase the ductility and the tensile strength of concrete. In some applications it is even possible to entirely replace the conventional reinforcement, leading to significant logistical and environmental benefits.&#13;
Fiber reinforcement can, however, have critical disadvantages and even hinder the Performance of concrete, since it can induce an anisotropic material behavior of the mixture if the fibers are not appropriately oriented. For a safe use of SFRC in the future, reliable non-destructive testing (NDT) methods need to be identified to assess the fibers’ orientation in hardened concrete. In this study,&#13;
ultrasonic material testing, electrical impedance testing, and X-ray computed tomography have been investigated for this purpose using specially produced samples with biased or random Fiber orientations. We demonstrate the capabilities of each of these NDT techniques for fiber orientation measurements and draw conclusions based on these results about the most promising areas for future research and development.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Applied Sciences</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/app12020697</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-543520</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">16.02.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Sabine Kruschwitz</author>
    <author>T. Oesch</author>
    <author>Frank Mielentz</author>
    <author>Dietmar Meinel</author>
    <author>P. Spyridis</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spectral induced polarization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Steel fiber reiniforced concrete</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fiber orientation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Non-destructive testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Micro-computed tomography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasound</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/54352/Kruschwitz_etal_2022_MDPI_Stahlfasern.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54210</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>20</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>55</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Dordrecht</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Finite element modelling of UHPC under pulsating load using X-ray computed tomography based fiber distributions</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The benefits of including fibers in ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) are attributed to their good bond with the matrix and, hence, an optimal utilization of their properties. At the same time, though, fiber reinforcement may contribute to anisotropy in the composite material and induce weak areas. The influence of the fibers’ orientation on the material properties is a matter of current scientific discourse and it is known to play a vital role in structural design. In the case studies presented herein, mechanical laboratory tests using pulsating load regimes on UHPC with a strength of more than 200 MPa were simulated by use of finite element models. The orientations of the fibers were measured for each test sample prior to failure using an X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanner, and these orientations are explicitly implemented into the model. The paper discusses the methodology of merging data retrieved by CT image processing and state-of-the-art FE simulation techniques Moreover, the CT scanning was carried out throughout the testing procedure, which further enables the comparison of the mechanical tests and the FE models in terms of damage propagation and failure patterns. The results indicate that the overall fiber configuration and behavior of the samples can be realistically modelled and validated by the proposed CT-FE coupling, which can enhance the structural analysis and design process of elements produced with steel fiber reinforced and UHPC materials.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and structures</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1617/s11527-021-01833-4</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1871-6873</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-542105</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">11.01.2022</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>N. Mellios</author>
    <author>Tyler Oesch</author>
    <author>P. Spyridis</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultra-high performance concrete</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Steel fiber reinforced concrete</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fiber orientation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray computed tomography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Non-linear finite element modelling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/54210/Mellios2022_Article_FiniteElementModellingOfUHPC.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55428</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>16</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>De Gruyter</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Numerical measurement uncertainty evaluation for X-ray computed tomography using simulations – A first approach to build a digital twin</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The ability of industrial X-ray computed tomography (CT) to scan an object with several internal and external features at once causes increasing adoption in dimensional metrology. In order to evaluate the quality of a measurement value, the task-specific measurement uncertainty has to be determined. Currently, VDI/VDE 2630 part 2.1 gives a guideline to determine the uncertainty of CT measurements experimentally by conducting repeated measurements. This is costly and time-consuming. Thus, the aim is to determine the task-specific measurement uncertainty numerically by simulations (e. g. according to the guide to expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM) Supplement 1). To achieve that, a digital twin is necessary. This contribution presents a simple first approach how a digital twin can be built. In order to evaluate this approach, a study comparing measurements and simulations of different real CT systems was carried out by determining the differences between the measurement results of the digital twin and of the measurement results of the real-world CT systems. The results have shown a moderate agreement between real and simulated data. To improve on this aspect, a standardized method to characterize CT systems and methods to implement CT parameters into the simulation with sufficient accuracy will be developed.</abstract>
    <abstract language="deu">Die industrielle Röntgencomputertomografie (CT) wird durch ihre Fähigkeit, ein Messobjekt mit unterschiedlichen inneren und äußeren Merkmalen auf einmal zu messen, immer häufiger auch in der dimensionellen Messtechnik eingesetzt. Um die Güte eines Messwertes beurteilen zu können, muss die aufgabenspezifische Messunsicherheit ermittelt werden. Mit der Richtlinie VDI/VDE 2630 Blatt 2.1 kann derzeit die aufgabenspezifische Messunsicherheit von CT-Messungen experimentell durch eine Vielzahl an Wiederholmessungen ermittelt werden. Diese Vorgehensweise ist allerdings kosten- und zeitintensiv. Daher wird die Bestimmung der aufgabenspezifischen Messunsicherheit numerisch durch Simulationen angestrebt (z. B. Leitfaden zur Angabe der Unsicherheit beim Messen (GUM) Supplement 1). Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, ist es notwendig, einen Digitalen Zwilling von der Messung mit dem verwendeten CT-System zu erstellen. Dieser Beitrag stellt einen ersten Ansatz zur Erstellung eines Digitalen Zwillings vor. Um diesen anschließend zu testen, wurden in einem ersten Test mehrere CT-Scans auf verschiedenen Anlagen durchgeführt und anschließend anhand der verfügbaren Parameter simuliert. Um die Qualität des jeweiligen Digitalen Zwillings einschätzen zu können, wurden die Abweichungen der resultierenden Messwerte von ihren jeweiligen Sollwerten miteinander verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten eine bedingte Übereinstimmung zwischen realen und simulierten Daten. Um diese zu verbessern, wird eine standardisierte Methode zur Charakterisierung der realen CT-Systeme angestrebt. Darüber hinaus sollten Methoden entwickelt werden, die Charakterisierungsparameter in einer Simulationsumgebung hinreichend genau umzusetzen.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">tm - Technisches Messen</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1515/teme-2022-0025</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">03.08.2022</enrichment>
    <author>T. Reuter</author>
    <author>David Plotzki</author>
    <author>F. Borges de Oliveira</author>
    <author>F. Wohlgemuth</author>
    <author>F. Bauer</author>
    <author>F. Ballach</author>
    <author>W. Kimmig</author>
    <author>G. Wagner</author>
    <author>C. Watzl</author>
    <author>D. Weiß</author>
    <author>T. Hausotte</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Computed tomography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Measurement uncertainty</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Simulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Digital twin</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57682</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>9</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>35</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Geometrical features and mechanical properties of the sheet-based gyroid scaffolds with functionally graded porosity manufactured by electron beam melting</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Functionally graded porous scaffolds (FGPS) constructed with pores of different size arranged as spatially continuous structure based on sheet-based gyroid with three different scaling factors of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 were produced by electron beam powder bed fusion. The pore dimensions of the obtained scaffolds satisfy the values required for optimal bone tissue ingrowth. Agglomerates of residual powder were found inside all structures, which required post-manufacturing treatment. Using X-ray Computed Tomography powder agglomerations were visualized and average wall thickness, wall-to-wall distances, micro- and macro-porosities were evaluated. The initial cleaning by powder recovery system (PRS) was insufficient for complete powder removal. Additional treatment by dry ultrasonic vibration (USV) was applied and was found successful for gyroids with the scaling factors of 0.05 and 0.1. Mechanical properties of the samples, including quasi-elastic gradients and first maximum compressive strengths of the structures before and after USV were evaluated to prove that additional treatment does not produce structural damage. The estimated quasi-elastic gradients for gyroids with different scaling factors lie in a range between 2.5 and 2.9 GPa, while the first maximum compressive strength vary from 52.5 for to 59.8 MPa, compressive offset stress vary from 46.2 for to 53.2 MPa.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials Today Communications</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.106410</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2352-4928</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">04.09.2023</enrichment>
    <author>D. Khrapov</author>
    <author>M. Kozadayeva</author>
    <author>A. Koptyug</author>
    <author>Tatiana Mishurova</author>
    <author>Dietmar Meinel</author>
    <author>R. Surmenev</author>
    <author>M. Surmeneva</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electron beam</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Powder bed fusion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Triply periodic minimal surfaces</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Functionally graded porous scaffolds</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray computed tomography</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57706</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>18</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>12</issue>
    <volume>13</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel, Switzerland</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">In Vivo Bone Progression in and around Lattice Implants Additively Manufactured with a New Titanium Alloy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The osseointegration in/around additively manufactured (AM) lattice structures of a new titanium alloy, Ti–19Nb–14Zr, was evaluated. Different lattices with increasingly high sidewalls gradually closing them were manufactured and implanted in sheep. After removal, the bone–interface implant (BII) and bone–implant contact (BIC) were studied from 3D X-ray computed tomography images. Measured BII of less than 10 µm and BIC of 95% are evidence of excellent osseointegration.&#13;
Since AMnaturally leads to a high-roughness surface finish, the wettability of the implant is increased. &#13;
The new alloy possesses an increased affinity to the bone. The lattice provides crevices in which the biological tissue can jump in and cling. The combination of these factors is pushing ossification beyond its natural limits. Therefore, the quality and speed of the ossification and osseointegration in/around these Ti–19Nb–14Zr laterally closed lattice implants open the possibility of bone spline key of prostheses. This enables the stabilization of the implant into the bone while keeping the possibility of punctual hooks allowing the implant to be removed more easily if required. Thus, this new titanium alloy and such laterally closed lattice structures are appropriate candidates to be implemented in a new generation of implants.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Applied sciences</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/app13127282</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-577066</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">17.07.2023</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>A.-F. Obaton</author>
    <author>J. Fain</author>
    <author>Dietmar Meinel</author>
    <author>Athanasios Tsamos</author>
    <author>F. Léonard</author>
    <author>B. Lécuelle</author>
    <author>M. Djemaï</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Osseointegration</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray computed tomography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Machine learning segmentation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/57706/applsci-13-07282.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59970</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>485</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>495</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <volume>71</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Adhesive Porosity Analysis of Composite Adhesive Joints Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Adhesively bonded composite joints can develop voids and porosity during fabrication, leading to stress concentration and a reduced load-carrying capacity. Hence, adhesive porosity analysis during the fabrication is crucial to ensure the required quality and reliability. Ultrasonic-guided wave (UGW)-based techniques without advanced signal processing often provide low-resolution imaging and can be ineffective for detecting small-size defects. This article proposes a damage imaging process for adhesive porosity analysis of bonded composite plates using UGWs measured by scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV). To implement this approach, a piezoelectric transducer is mounted on the composite joint specimen to generate UGWs, which are measured over a densely sampled area. The signals obtained from the scan are processed using the proposed signal processing in different domains. Through the utilization of filter banks in frequency and wavenumber domains, along with the root-mean-square calculation of filtered signals, damage images of the adhesive region are obtained. It has been observed that different filters provide information related to different void sizes. Combining all the images reconstructed by filters, a final image is obtained which contains damages of various sizes. The images obtained by the proposed method are verified by radiography results and the porosity analysis is presented. The results indicate that the proposed methodology can detect the pores with the smallest detectable pore area of 2.41 mm^2, corresponding to a radius of 0.88 mm, with an overall tendency to overestimate the pore size by an average of 11%.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1109/TUFFC.2024.3371671</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_data">{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T00:35:40Z","timestamp":1712018140808},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union?s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under the Marie Sk?odowska-Curie","award":["860104"]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LA\/P\/0109\/2020","UIDB\/50008\/2020"]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tuffc.2024.3371671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T18:57:03Z","timestamp":1709233023000},"page":"485-495","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adhesive Porosity Analysis of Composite Adhesive Joints Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7004-2375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Barzegar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica&amp;#x00E7;&amp;#x00F5;es, InstitutoSuperior T&amp;#x00E9;cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Yevgeniya","family":"Lugovtsova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f&amp;#x00FC;r Materialforschung und -pr&amp;#x00FC;fung (BAM), Berlin, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1284-9699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jannis","family":"Bulling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f&amp;#x00FC;r Materialforschung und -pr&amp;#x00FC;fung (BAM), Berlin, Germany"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Mishurova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f&amp;#x00FC;r Materialforschung und -pr&amp;#x00FC;fung (BAM), Berlin, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2935-043X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dario J.","family":"Pasadas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica&amp;#x00E7;&amp;#x00F5;es, InstitutoSuperior T&amp;#x00E9;cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7475-3422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur L.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica&amp;#x00E7;&amp;#x00F5;es, InstitutoSuperior T&amp;#x00E9;cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4931-7960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena G.","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica&amp;#x00E7;&amp;#x00F5;es, InstitutoSuperior T&amp;#x00E9;cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfatigue.2020.105743"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2020.102568"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-021-04753-8"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0021998318766595"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1475921717715302"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruct.2022.115930"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2020.3017760"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app6010012"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2008.07.001"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2019.02.009"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19224868"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/I2MTC53148.2023.10176041"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21093048"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1475921716668843"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2023.3300463"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12111842"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6501\/acae27"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-0233\/25\/11\/115005"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbuil.2020.00045"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2010.1523"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1475921719866274"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2023.3267528"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1045389X18758180"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsv.2021.116624"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10996362231159185"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3592225"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phpro.2015.08.282"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsv.2015.08.007"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2022.3164731"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2007.02.005"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01694243.2012.735914"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2012.01.021"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2022.110055"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2019.05.043"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/58\/10484993\/10454005.pdf?arnumber=10454005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T15:14:58Z","timestamp":1711984498000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10454005\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1109\/tuffc.2024.3371671","relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3010","1525-8955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3010","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-8955","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}}}</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">06.05.2024</enrichment>
    <author>M. Barzegar</author>
    <author>Yevgeniya Lugovtsova</author>
    <author>Jannis Bulling</author>
    <author>Tatiana Mishurova</author>
    <author>Dario J. Pasadas</author>
    <author>Artur L. Ribeiro</author>
    <author>Helena G. Ramos</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Adhesives</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Damage imaging</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nondestructive testing (NDT)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Porosity analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Signal processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs)</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.4 Akustische und elektromagnetische Verfahren</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>58795</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>4</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Automatic improved-resolution imaging of composite adhesive joints using time-frequency-wavenumber filtering applied to ultrasonic guided wavefields</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This paper presents an automatic damage imaging technique by employing a signal processing approach based on applying hierarchically clustered filters across different domains. The technique involves time-frequency-wavenumber filter banks which are applied sequentially to ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) data. The study is conducted for a single lap joint composite specimen with a special focus on small voids which were formed due to manual adhesive component mixing. UGW data are acquired with a 3D Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) over the scan area of the bonded plate. UGWs are excited at the central frequency of 100 kHz by a single piezoelectric transducer mounted on the surface of the single plate. Within each domain of time, frequency, and wavenumber, four filters are designed which results in 64 distinct filtered wavefields. From each filtered wavefield, an image is obtained by using root-mean-square (RMS) calculation of the signals. The obtained results are then combined to create a final, improved-resolution image of the scan area. The final image is compared to the image obtained through RMS calculation of full wavefield with interpolation through Delaunay triangulation and the image obtained by X-ray radiography. The results show that the smallest void that could be detected has a diameter of 2.14 mm.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2023 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1109/IUS51837.2023.10307423</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_data">{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T00:52:12Z","timestamp":1699404732946},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693699200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693699200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/ius51837.2023.10307423","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T18:56:17Z","timestamp":1699383377000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Automatic improved-resolution imaging of composite adhesive joints using time-frequency-wavenumber filtering applied to ultrasonic guided wavefields"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Barzegar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Lisboa,Instituto de Telecomunica&amp;#x00E7;&amp;#x00F5;es, Instituto Superior T&amp;#x00E9;cnico,Lisbon,Portugal,1049-001"}]},{"given":"Yevgeniya","family":"Lugovtsova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f&amp;#x00FC;r Materialforschung Und-pr&amp;#x00FC;fung (BAM),Berlin,Germany,12205"}]},{"given":"Jannis","family":"Bulling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f&amp;#x00FC;r Materialforschung Und-pr&amp;#x00FC;fung (BAM),Berlin,Germany,12205"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Mishurova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f&amp;#x00FC;r Materialforschung Und-pr&amp;#x00FC;fung (BAM),Berlin,Germany,12205"}]},{"given":"Dario J.","family":"Pasadas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Lisboa,Instituto de Telecomunica&amp;#x00E7;&amp;#x00F5;es, Instituto Superior T&amp;#x00E9;cnico,Lisbon,Portugal,1049-001"}]},{"given":"Artur L.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Lisboa,Instituto de Telecomunica&amp;#x00E7;&amp;#x00F5;es, Instituto Superior T&amp;#x00E9;cnico,Lisbon,Portugal,1049-001"}]},{"given":"Helena G.","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Lisboa,Instituto de Telecomunica&amp;#x00E7;&amp;#x00F5;es, Instituto Superior T&amp;#x00E9;cnico,Lisbon,Portugal,1049-001"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2018.08.005"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2023.106967"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2023.3267528"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruct.2022.116571"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2021.102842"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-021-04753-8"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/I2MTC53148.2023.10176041"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2021.102472"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2023.102831"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1475921719866274"}],"event":{"name":"2023 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS)","location":"Montreal, QC, Canada","start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]]}},"container-title":["2023 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/10306337\/10306342\/10307423.pdf?arnumber=10307423","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T23:25:37Z","timestamp":1699399537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10307423\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]]},"references-count":10,"URL":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1109\/ius51837.2023.10307423","relation":{},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]]}}}</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">proceedings-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventName">2023 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Montreal, QC, Canada</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">08.09.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">03.09.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>M. Barzegar</author>
    <author>Yevgeniya Lugovtsova</author>
    <author>Jannis Bulling</author>
    <author>Tatiana Mishurova</author>
    <author>D. Pasadas</author>
    <author>A. Ribeiro</author>
    <author>H. Ramos</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Adhesive joints</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic guided waves</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser Doppler vibrometer</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Damage imaging</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Non-destructive testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Porosity analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.4 Akustische und elektromagnetische Verfahren</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59326</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>New York, NY</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Infrared Attenuate Total Reflection Cell with a Functionalized Surface</title>
    <abstract language="eng">ATR cell utilizing chips from silicon wafers is discussed. The cell can be used for wet-chemical analysis on functionalized surfaces. Here, silicon chips are exemplarily "functionalized" by silica layers to provide a hydrophilic or hydrophobic ATR surface in-situ.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the 48th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1109/IRMMW-THz57677.2023.10298918</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">17.09.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">22.09.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventName">48th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Montreal, Quebec, Canada</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">11.01.2024</enrichment>
    <author>U. Schade</author>
    <author>L. Puskar</author>
    <author>R. Golnak</author>
    <author>A. Veber</author>
    <author>Jörg Beckmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>THz radiation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ATR</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>FTIR</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56943</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Buffalo, NY</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Etalon effects in THz film measurements</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Etalon effects in THz transmittance spectra, either taken in time- domain or frequency-domain, often hamper or even hinder the interpretation of film properties. In this paper we discuss the transferability and applicability of spectroscopic methods typically employed in the near and mid infrared spectral range to eliminate the fringes in the transmittance spectra in the THz spectral range.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2020 45th international conference on infrared, millimeter, and terahertz waves (IRMMW-THz) - Proceedings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2162-2035</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2162-2027</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-7281-6620-9</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1109/IRMMW-THz46771.2020.9370451</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">2020 45th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Buffalo, NY, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">08.11.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">13.11.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="RelatedIdentifier">https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/56945</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">06.02.2023</enrichment>
    <author>U. Schade</author>
    <author>L. Puskar</author>
    <author>E. Ritter</author>
    <author>Jörg Beckmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>THz radiation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Total transmittance reflection technique</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Etalon effects</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56907</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>12</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>14</issue>
    <volume>14</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Performance of calcium phosphate cements in the augmentation of sheep vertebrae - An ex vivo study</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Oil-based calcium phosphate cement (Paste-CPC) shows not only prolonged shelf life and injection times, but also improved cohesion and reproducibility during application, while retaining the advantages of fast setting, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility. In addition, poly(L-lactideco-glycolide) (PLGA) fiber reinforcement may decrease the risk for local extrusion. Bone defects (diameter 5 mm; depth 15 mm) generated ex vivo in lumbar (L) spines of female Merino sheep (2–4 years) were augmented using: (i) water-based CPC with 10% PLGA fiber reinforcement (L3); (ii) Paste-CPC (L4); or (iii) clinically established polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement (L5). Untouched (L1) and empty vertebrae (L2) served as controls. Cement performance was analyzed using micro-computed tomography, histology, and biomechanical testing. Extrusion was comparable for Paste-CPC(-PLGA) and PMMA, but significantly lower for CPC + PLGA. Compressive strength and Young’s modulus were similar for Paste-CPC and PMMA, but significantly higher compared to those for empty defects and/or CPC + PLGA. Expectedly, all experimental groups showed significantly or numerically lower compressive strength and Young’s modulus than those of untouched controls. Ready-to-use Paste-CPC demonstrates a performance similar to that of PMMA, but improved biomechanics compared to those of water-based CPC + PLGA, expanding the therapeutic arsenal for bone defects. O, significantly lower extrusion of CPC + PLGA fibers into adjacent lumbar spongiosa may help to reduce the risk of local extrusion in spinal surgery.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1996-1944</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/ma14143873</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-569072</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">26.01.2023</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>R. W. Kinne</author>
    <author>F. Gunnella</author>
    <author>E. Kunisch</author>
    <author>S. Heinemann</author>
    <author>B. Nies</author>
    <author>S. Maenz</author>
    <author>V. Horbert</author>
    <author>Bernhard Illerhaus</author>
    <author>R. Huber</author>
    <author>I. Firkowska-Boden</author>
    <author>J. Bossert</author>
    <author>K. D. Jandt</author>
    <author>A. Sachse</author>
    <author>M. Bungartz</author>
    <author>O. Brinkmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sheep</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>PMMA</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Calcium phosphate bone cement</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oil-based</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ready-to-use</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Water-based</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Micro-CT</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Compressive strength</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Young’s modulus</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/56907/materials-14-03873.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>60205</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>14</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley online library</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Effects of particle size and particle concentration of poly (ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) on properties of epoxy resin</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Self-healing polymers have been developed to improve durability and reduce costs associated with maintenance during service. The addition of thermoplastics to thermosets to produce mendable polymers appears as a promising selfhealing technique. In this study, poly (ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA) was added to epoxy resin and the effects of EMAA addition on epoxy properties were evaluated. Specimens with two different contents of thermoplastic and particles sizes were manufactured. A two-level full factorial experimental design was used to evaluate the effect of particle size and particle content on properties of epoxy modified with addition of EMAA. Tensile tests and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were used and the evaluated responses were tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and glass transition temperature (Tg). X-ray computed tomography (XCT) was used to investigate particle size and concentration after manufacturing. It was found that the particle concentration has greater effects on stress–strain behavior of epoxy while Tg was not significantly affected by neither of the analyzed entrance variables.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Applied Polymer Sciene</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/app.55677</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0021-8995</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">24.06.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PaperofMonth">1</enrichment>
    <author>Lina Pavasarytė</author>
    <author>Allana Azevedo do Nascimento</author>
    <author>Ana Paula Cysne Barbosa</author>
    <author>Volker Trappe</author>
    <author>Daniel Melo</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fracture</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Self-healing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Epoxy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermoplastic</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5 Werkstofftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.3 Polymere Verbundwerkstoffe</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemische Charakterisierung und Spurenanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62392</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>15</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>7</issue>
    <volume>34</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Dordrecht</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">BMP-2 (and partially GDF-5) coating significantly accelerates and augments bone formation close to hydroxyapatite/tricalcium-phosphate/brushite implant cylinders for tibial bone defects in senile, osteopenic sheep</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Bilateral defects (diameter 8 mm) in the medial tibial head of senile, osteopenic female sheep (n = 48; 9.63 ± 0.10 years; mean ± SEM) were treated with hydroxyapatite (HA)/beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD; brushite) cylinders coated with BMP-2 (25 or 250 micrograms) or growth differentiation factor (GDF)-5 (125 or 1250 micrograms; left side); cylinders without BMP served as controls (right side). Three, 6, and 9 months post-operation (n = 6 each group), bone structure and formation were analyzed in vivo by X-ray and ex vivo by osteodensitometry, histomorphometry, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) at 3 and 9 months. Semi-quantitative X-ray evaluation showed significantly increasing bone densities around all implant cylinders over time. High-dose BMP-2-coated cylinders (3 and 9 months) and low-dose GDF-5-coated cylinders (3 and 6 months) demonstrated significantly higher densities than controls (dose-dependent for BMP-2 at 3 months). This was confirmed by osteodensitometry at 9 months for high-dose BMP-2-coated cylinders (and selected GDF-5 groups), and was again dose-dependent for BMP-2. Osteoinduction by BMP-2 was most pronounced in the adjacent bone marrow (dynamic histomorphometry/micro-CT). BMP-2 (and partially GDF-5) significantly increased the bone formation in the vicinity of HA/TCP/DCPD cylinders used to fill tibial bone defects in senile osteopenic sheep and may be suitable for surgical therapy of critical size, non-load-bearing bone defects in cases of failed tibial head fracture or defect healing.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of materials science: Materials in medicine</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1573-4838</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s10856-023-06734-2</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-623923</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_data">x</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">09.01.2025</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>André Sachse</author>
    <author>Ines Hasenbein</author>
    <author>Peter Hortschansky</author>
    <author>Klaus D. Schmuck</author>
    <author>Stefan Maenz</author>
    <author>Bernhard Illerhaus</author>
    <author>Peter Kuehmstedt</author>
    <author>Roland Ramm</author>
    <author>René Huber</author>
    <author>Elke Kunisch</author>
    <author>Victoria Horbert</author>
    <author>Francesca Gunnella</author>
    <author>Andreas Roth</author>
    <author>Harald Schubert</author>
    <author>Raimund W. Kinne</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Growth differentiation factor (GDF)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bone replacement material</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/62392/s10856-023-06734-2.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54755</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>111</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>S 165</volume>
    <type>report</type>
    <publisherName>Fachverlag NW in der Carl Ed. Schünemann KG</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Bremen</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Analyse des gefügeabhängigen Löslichkeitsverhaltens potenziell AKR-empfindlicher Gesteinskörnungen</title>
    <title language="eng">Analysis of the microstructure depending solubility behavior of potential ASR sensitive aggregates</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Das gefügeabhängige Löslichkeitsverhalten wurde an folgenden vier Gesteinskörnungen unterschiedlicher Alkaliempfindlichkeitsklassen&#13;
untersucht:&#13;
• GK1 (EIII-S): quarzreicher Kies&#13;
• GK2 (EIII-S): Grauwacke (Splitt)&#13;
• GK3 (EI-S): Quarz-Feldspat-Porphyr (Splitt)&#13;
• GK4 (EI-S): sandsteinreicher Kies&#13;
DiePorenstrukturanalyse erfolgte sowohl an Einzelkörnern mittels vergleichender 3D-CT und BET- Untersuchungen als auch an Korngemengen der einzelnen Kornfraktionen (außer Fraktion 16/22 mm) über die Wasseraufnahme und mit BET. Für die Visualisierung und Quantifizierung der von außen zugänglichen Oberflächenanteile der Einzelkörner wurde ein Softwaretool entwickelt, erprobt und erfolgreich angewandt. Es gelang so u.a. den Nachweis zu erbringen, dass die gebrochenen Einzelkörner der Grauwacke und des Rhyoliths einen deutlich geringeren von außen zugänglichen Oberflächenanteil als die gleichartigen Gesteinskörner aus dem Kies besitzen. Aufgrund der limitierten Ortsauflösung der 3D-CT von 11 bis 16,5 μm wurde mit BET eine um drei Zehnerpotenzen höhere spezifische Oberfläche ermittelt.&#13;
Zu den Porositätsuntersuchungen an den Korngemengen sei angemerkt, dass zum Teil gegenläufige Trends zwischen offener Porosität und spezifischer Oberfläche festgestellt wurden. Dieses ist beim Bezug des bei den Löseversuchen in 0,1 M KOH mit definierter NaCl-Zugabe aus der Gesteinskörnung gelösten SiO2 und Al2O3 von zentraler Bedeutung. Bei den Löseversuchen an den fraktionsspezifischen Korngemengen selbst zeigte sich, dass die stufenweise Erhöhung des NaCl-Gehalts von 0 auf 10 M.-% im Eluat eine erhöhte SiO2-Löslichkeit und eine verminderte Auslaugung von Al2O3 zur Folge hat. Auffallend war hierbei, dass die Al2O3-Löslichkeit bei GK4 ohne und mit geringer NaCl-Zugabe die mit Abstand höchsten Werte annimmt. Bei den zusätzlich durchgeführten Löseversuchen an den tomografierten Einzelkörnern in 1 M KOH-Lösung mit Zugabe von 1 M.-% NaCl zeigte sich, dass nur vereinzelt bei den untersuchten Gesteinsarten eine Korrelation zwischen dem SiO2- bzw. Al2O3-Gehalt im Eluat und der absoluten BET-Oberfläche nachweisbar ist. Dies ist vermutlich darauf zurückzuführen, dass neben der Oberfläche weitere Parameter (z.B. die mineralogische Zusammensetzung der Einzelkörner) das Löseverhalten maßgebend beeinflussen. Bei den parallel zu den Löseversuchen durchgeführten Betonversuchen nach dem ARS 04/2013 zeigte sich, dass die Alkaliempfindlichkeit der GK4 bei beiden Betonversuchen mit Alkalizufuhr unterschiedlich zu bewerten ist. So ist unabhängig von der vorgegebenen pessimalen Betonrezeptur des Fahrbahndeckenbetons ausschließlich bei der Klimawechsellagerung die GK4 als alkaliempfindlich einzustufen. Allerdings konnte der Befund der stark ausgeprägten AKR bei der GK4 mit der Dünnschliffmikroskopie nicht bestätigt werden. Analoges gilt für die Bewertung der Alkaliempfindlichkeit von GK2 mit den Betonversuchen nach der Alkalirichtlichtlinie des DAfStb. So ist auch hier die GK2 nicht im 60 °C-Betonversuch sondern ausschließlich im 40 °C-Betonversuch als alkaliempfindlich einzustufen.&#13;
Dienach den verschiedenartigen Betonversuchen durchgeführten LIBS-Analysen am Vertikalschnitt der Prüfkörper zeigen, dass im Kernbereich nach dem 60 °C-Betonversuch mit 10 %iger NaCl-Lösung und nach der Klimawechsellagerung mit NaCl-Beaufschlagung annähernd gleich hohe Natrium- und Chloridgehalte vorgefunden werden. Wider Erwarten treten an den beaufschlagten Prüfflächen Abreicherungen von Natrium und Anreicherungen von Chlorid auf. Im 40°C- und 60 °C-Betonversuch wurde das Natrium bis in eine maximale Tiefe von ca. 30 mm bzw. 20 mm ausgelaugt. Die aufbauenden korrelativen Betrachtungen zwischen den Ergebnissen des 60°C Betonversuchs mit Alkalizufuhr und der Löseversuche an den fraktionsspezifischen Korngemengen in 1 M KOH-Lösung mit definierter NaCl-Zugabe sind durchaus vielversprechend. So zeigt sich beispielsweise beim Waschbeton, dass der fraktionsspezifisch gewichtete SiO2-Überschuss im Eluat nach 56 Tagen mit Zugabe von 0,5 M.-% NaCl ohne Bezug auf die BET-Oberfläche zur gleichen Einstufung der vier betrachteten Gesteinskörnungen wie bei den Dehnungen im 60 °C-Betonversuch mit 3 %-iger NaCl-Lösung führt. Außerdem korrelieren die im 60 °C-Betonversuch mit 10 %-iger NaCl-Lösung ermittelten Dehnungen mit dem gewichteten SiO2-Überschuss im Eluat bei Zugabe von 2 M.-% NaCl ohne Bezug auf die BET-Oberfläche.&#13;
Ausschließlich bei den Betonversuchen nach der Alkali-Richtlinie erwies sich der Bezug des im Eluat ermittelten SiO2-Überschusses auf die BET-Oberfläche als zielführend. Aufgrund des Potenzials der Löseversuche mit NaCl-Zugabe für die Bewertung der Alkaliempfindlichkeit der Gesteinskörnung im Fahrbahndeckenbeton wird empfohlen, die vergleichenden Untersuchungen zwischen den Löseversuchen an Korngemischen der einzelnen Fraktionen und den Betonversuchen nach dem ARS 04/2013 mit einer möglichst hohen Anzahl an Gesteinskörnungen und einem präzisierten Untersuchungsumfang fortzuführen.</abstract>
    <abstract language="eng">The following four aggregates (GK) of varying grades of alkali sensitivity were examined for their microstructure-dependent solubility behavior:&#13;
• GK1 (EIII-S) gravel with high quarz content&#13;
• GK2 (EIII-S) greywacke (crushed stone)&#13;
• GK3 (EI-S) quarz-feldspar-porphyry (crushed stone)&#13;
• GK4 (EI-S) gravel with high sandstone content&#13;
Pore structure analysis was carried out both on single grains using comparative 3D-CT and BET tests, and on grain samples of individual grain fractions (excluding the 16/22 mm fraction) using water absorption and BET. A software tool for visualizing and quantifying the externally accessible surfaces of single grains was developed, tested and successfully applied.&#13;
This enabled us, among other things, to prove that single broken grains of greywacke and rhyolite have a much smaller externally accessible surface than grains of gravel of the same aggregate fraction. Due to the 3D-CT’s limited spatial resolution of 11 to 16.5 μm, BET was used to determine a two to three powers of ten higher specific surface.&#13;
In relation to the porosity tests of the grain samples, it should be noted that in some cases, counterdirectional trends between open porosity and specific surface were determined. This is of central importance in relation to the SiO2 and Al2O3 dissolved from the aggregate in the solubility tests in 1 M KOH with defined addition of NaCl.&#13;
The solubility tests on the grain samples of specific fractions showed that the gradual increase of the NaCl content in the eluate from 0 to 10 M.-% resulted in increased SiO2 solubility and reduced leaching of Al2O3. It was striking in this context that the solubility of Al2O3 in GK4 with no or little addition of NaCl gives by far the highest values.&#13;
The additional solubility tests carried out on single grains, that were previously subjected to CT testing, in 1 M KOH solution with 1 M.-% added NaCl showed that in the types of aggregate examined, a correlation between the SiO2 and Al2O3 in eluate and the absolute BET surface is only occasionally demonstrable. This is probably due to the fact that solubility behavior is decisively influenced by other parameters in addition to the surface (e.g. by the mineralogical composition of individual grains).&#13;
The concrete tests according to ARS 04/2013 carried out parallel to the solubility tests showed that GK4’s alkali sensitivity in both concrete tests with added alkali must be evaluated differently.&#13;
For example, independent of the prescribed pessimal road surface concrete formula, GK4 can only be classified as alkali sensitive under cyclic storage. However petrographic microscopy could not confirm the findings of very marked ASR in GK4. The same applies to the evaluation of alkali sensitivity in GK2 with the concrete tests according to the German Committee for Structural Concrete (DAfStb)’s Alkali Guidelines. In this case too, GK2 should not be classified as alkali sensitive in 60 °C concrete testing, but only in 40 °C concrete testing.&#13;
The LIBS analyses carried out on the vertical cross-section of the test specimens after the various concrete tests showed that almost equally high sodium and chloride levels were found in the core area after the 60 °C concrete prism test with 10 % NaCl solution and after cyclic storage with NaCl application. Contrary to expectations, the surfaces of samples after NaCl application showed a decrease in sodium and an increase in chloride. In the 40°C and 60°C concrete prism tests, sodium was depleted up to a maximum depth of approx. 30 mm and 20 mm respectively.&#13;
Subsequent correlative observations between the findings of the 60°C concrete prism test with alkali application, and the solubility tests on the samples of specific grain fractions in 1 M KOH solution with defined NaCl addition, are very promising. In the case of exposed aggregate concrete, for example, the fraction-specific weighted excess SiO2 to in the eluate after 56 days with added 0.5 M.-% NaCl unrelated to the BET surface results in the same classification of the four aggregates examined as the expansions in the 60 °C concrete prism test with 3% NaCl solution. In addition, the expansions found in the 60 °C concrete prism test with 10% NaCl solution correlated with the weighted excess SiO2 in eluate with added 2 M.-% NaCl without relation to the BET surface. Only in the case of the concrete test in accordance with the Alkali Guidelines did the relationship of the excess SiO2 in the eluate to the BET surface prove to be productive.&#13;
Due to the potential of the solubility test with added NaCl for the evaluation of alkali sensitivity of aggregates in road surface concrete, we recommend continuing with comparative tests between solubility tests of grain samples of the various fractions and the concrete tests in accordance with ARS O4/13 with the greatest possible number of aggregates and a precisely defined investigation scope.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Berichte der Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0943-9323</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-95606-648-1</identifier>
    <identifier type="url">https://bast.opus.hbz-nrw.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/2583</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:hbz:opus-bast-25832</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Frank Weise</author>
    <author>T. Oesch</author>
    <author>Gerd Wilsch</author>
    <author>S. Sigmund</author>
    <author>K.-J. Hünger</author>
    <author>M. Kositz</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Betonfahrbahndecke</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Alkali-Kieselsäure-Reaktion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gesteinskörnung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Alkaliempfindlichkeit</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>3D-CT</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tausalzeintrag</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.1 Baustoffe</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51487</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>103634</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>113</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>London</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">X-Ray computed tomography and traditional analysis of a capillary absorption test in cement pastes</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Water absorption testing has the attraction of being simple, relatively quick and use water as a fluid which is the key substance in the possible concrete deterioration. However, in spite of the advantages its application has remained empirical, except for the testing of resistance to frost, through the identification of the critical degree of saturation. Rilem TC-116 studied this test, among others, for the characterization of concrete resistance against transport through the concrete pore network. Results indicated a low discriminating ability of the absorbency for qualifying concrete resistance and then, it seemed necessary to try to move forward by making the link between the absorption testing and the concrete pore microstructure. In the present work, thanks to the X-Ray computed tomography, it is described the evolution of the water front in three paste-specimen with different w/c ratios (different pore radius distributions). The observations allowed us to deduce that all the pores start to fill simultaneously, but the bigger ones fill quicker and rise less. The saturation degree is measured along the height of the sample, showing that each pore size has a different rate which becomes constant after the first hour. Washburn’s equation was applied to the progressive advance of the water front, resulting in a pore radius much smaller than the one expected.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Cement and Concrete Composites</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103634</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">02.11.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>C. Andrade</author>
    <author>L. Saucedo</author>
    <author>N. Rebolledo</author>
    <author>S. Cabeza</author>
    <author>Dietmar Meinel</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Capillary absorption</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pore size distribution</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray CT</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gravimetry</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51115</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>10</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Post-impact evaluation at RC plates with planar tomography and FEM</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Due to the wide range of applications, the easy production and the large field of use, reinforced concrete (RC) is a widespread building material. This variety of applications is reflected in a wide range of physical material properties. Not only therefor it still is a technical challenge to provide all necessary test conditions for experimentally reproducing dynamic effects under impact loading of RC structures. In this paper we present investigations on the thicknesses of RC plates under low and medium high velocity impact loading by a flat-tipped impactor. The planar tomography setup at BAM is used to visualize the impact damage and to characterize the damage features such as cracks, scabbing and spalling. Further, the comparison of tomography results with those of an applied numeric simulation analysis is used to verify the numeric models for future damage prognosis under impact loading. Using the results of both, the tomographic as well as the FE analysis, different damage features were investigated and compared regarding their validity. Crack damage plays a leading part and the significance of summarized crack values as well as their distribution is analyzed. The total damage value but also the determined damage distribution both provide an input for describing damage as a function of the impactor velocity and plate thickness.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials Today: Proceedings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.671</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">03.12.2020</enrichment>
    <author>Deborah Nerger</author>
    <author>Falk Hille</author>
    <author>Robabeh Moosavi</author>
    <author>Marcel Grunwald</author>
    <author>Bernhard Redmer</author>
    <author>T. Kühn</author>
    <author>M. Hering</author>
    <author>F. Bracklow</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reinforced concrete structure</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Post-impact evaluation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Damage characterization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ansys Autodyn</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Drucker-Prager</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Planar tomography</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.2 Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Kerntechnische Entsorgung</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52997</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>14</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>40</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Nature</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Muon Tomography of the Interior of a Reinforced Concrete Block: First Experimental Proof of Concept</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Quality assurance and condition assessment of concrete structures is an important topic world-wide due to the aging infrastructure and increasing traffic demands. Common topics include, but are not limited to, localisation of rebar or tendon ducts, geometrical irregularities, cracks, voids, honeycombing or other flaws. Non-destructive techniques such as ultrasound or radar have found regular, successful practical application but sometimes suffer from limited resolution and accuracy, imaging artefacts or restrictions in detecting certain features. Until the 1980s X-ray transmission was used in case of special demands and showed a much better resolution than other NDT techniques. However, due to safety concerns and cost issues, this method is almost never used anymore. Muon tomography has received much attention recently. Novel detectors for cosmic muons and tomographic imaging algorithms have opened up new fields of application, such as the investigation of freight containers. Muon imaging also has the potential to fill some of the gaps currently existing in concrete NDT. As a first step towards practical use and as a proof of concept we used an existing system to image the interior of a reference reinforced 600 kg concrete block. Even with a yet not optimized setup for this kind of investigation, the muon imaging results are at least of similar quality compared to ultrasonic and radar imaging, potentially even better. The data acquisition takes more time and signals contain more noise, but the images allowed to detect the same important features that are visible in conventional high energy X-ray tomography. In our experiment, we have shown that muon imaging has potential for concrete inspection. The next steps include the development of mobile detectors and optimising acquisition and imaging parameters.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s10921-021-00797-3</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-529974</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">12.08.2021</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Ernst Niederleithinger</author>
    <author>S. Gardner</author>
    <author>Thomas Kind</author>
    <author>R. Kaiser</author>
    <author>Marcel Grunwald</author>
    <author>G. Yang</author>
    <author>Bernhard Redmer</author>
    <author>Anja Waske</author>
    <author>Frank Mielentz</author>
    <author>Ute Effner</author>
    <author>Christian Köpp</author>
    <author>A. Clarkson</author>
    <author>F. Thompson</author>
    <author>M. Ryan</author>
    <author>D. Mahon</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Concrete</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Muon</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Radar</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasound</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/52997/Niederleithinger2021_Article_MuonTomographyOfTheInteriorOfA.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>61461</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>516</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>529</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>9</issue>
    <volume>22</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Japan Concrete Institute</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Multi–sensory Monitoring and Non–destructive Testing of New Materials for Concrete Engineered Barrier Systems</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The crucial part of nuclear waste storage is the construction of sealing structures made of reliable, safe and well–understood materials. We present an extended analysis of long-term multi–sensory monitoring and non–destructive testing (NDT) inspection of two laboratory specimens aiming at potential materials for sealing structures for nuclear waste repositories. Specimens with a volume of 340 litres made from newly developed alkali–activated materials (AAM) and established salt concrete (SC) were analysed using embedded acoustic emission and wireless radio-frequency identification (RFID) sensors, ultrasonic echo imaging, active thermography, and X–ray computed tomography. The monitoring analysis showed lower heat of reaction and 50% less acoustic emission events in AAM compared to SC. However, due to the surface effects of the AAM material, the number of acoustic emission events increased significantly after approximately two months of monitoring. Subsequently performed NDT inspections reliably located embedded sensors and confirmed the absence of major cracks or impurities. The presented laboratory results show the feasibility and potential of comprehensive NDT monitoring and inspection to characterise cementitious and alternative materials as well as the need for multi–parameter long–term monitoring. Thus, our study demonstrates that tailored NDT investigations will help to develop safe sealing structures for nuclear waste repositories.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1347-3913</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3151/jact.22.516</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_data">{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,8]],"date-time":"2024-09-08T00:24:18Z","timestamp":1725755058634},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Japan Concrete Institute","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ACT"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]]},"DOI":"10.3151\/jact.22.516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T22:13:46Z","timestamp":1725574426000},"page":"516-529","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multi\u2013sensory Monitoring and Non\u2013destructive Testing of New Materials for Concrete Engineered Barrier Systems"],"prefix":"10.3151","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Vera","family":"Lay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany."}]},{"given":"Franziska","family":"Baensch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany."}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Sk\u0142odowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany."}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Fritsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany."}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Stamm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany."}]},{"given":"Prathik","family":"Prabhakara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany."}]},{"given":"Sergej","family":"Johann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany."}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Sturm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany."}]},{"given":"Hans-Carsten","family":"K\u00fchne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany."}]},{"given":"Ernst","family":"Niederleithinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany."}]}],"member":"1727","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1) Abe, T. and Y. Iida., (2022). \u201cReview of performance assessment for engineered barrier systems to support future RD&amp;amp;D of radioactive waste management in Japan.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;20(3), 236-253.","DOI":"10.3151\/jact.20.236"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2) Adesina, A. and Das, S., (2020). \u201cDrying shrinkage and permeability properties of fibre reinforced alkali-activated composites.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Construction and Building Materials&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;251, 119076.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2020.119076"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3) Akaike, H., (1974). \u201cMarkovian representation of stochastic processes and its application to the analysis of autoregressive moving average processes.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;26, 363-387.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02479833"},{"key":"4","unstructured":"4) Baensch, F., Hofmann, D., Johann, S., Tiebe, C., Basedau, F., Sturm, P., Lay, V. and Niederleithinger, E., (2022). \u201cMulti-sensor conception for safe sealing structures in underground repositories.\u201d In: &lt;i&gt;Proc.&lt;\/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;26th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology, SMiRT 26&lt;\/i&gt;, Berlin and Potsdam, Germany 15-20 July 2022. New York, USA: Curran Associates, Inc., Vol. 3, 1997-2006."},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5) Behnia, A., Chai, H. K. and Shiotani, T., (2014). \u201cAdvanced structural health monitoring of concrete structures with the aid of acoustic emission.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Construction and Building Materials&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;65, 282-302.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2014.04.103"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6) Betteridge, D., Joslin, M. T. and Lilley, T., (1981). \u201cAcoustic emissions from chemical reactions.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Analytical Chemistry&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;53(7), 1064-1073.","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00230a033"},{"key":"7","unstructured":"7) BfS, (2015). \u201c&lt;i&gt;Endlager Morsleben: Hintergr\u00fcnde, Ma\u00dfnahmen und Perspektiven der Stilllegung&lt;\/i&gt;.\u201d Salzgitter, Germany: Bundesamt f\u00fcr Strahlenschutz (Federal Office for Radiation Protection). (in German)"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8) Biondi, L., Perry, M., McAlorum, J., Vlachakis, C., Hamilton, A. and Lo, G., (2021). \u201cAlkali-activated cement sensors for sodium chloride monitoring.\u201d &lt;i&gt;IEEE Sensors Journal&lt;\/i&gt;, 21(19), 21197-21204.","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3100582"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9) Boyd, J. W. and Varley, J., (2001). \u201cThe uses of passive measurement of acoustic emissions from chemical engineering processes.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Chemical Engineering Science&lt;\/i&gt;, 56(5), 1749-1767.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2509(00)00540-6"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10) Brownjohn, J. M., (2007). \u201cStructural health monitoring of civil infrastructure.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;365(1851), 589-622.","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2006.1925"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11) Buades, A., Coll, B. and Morel, J. M., (2005). \u201cA non-local algorithm for image denoising.\u201d In: &lt;i&gt;Proc. 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR\u201905)&lt;\/i&gt;, San Diego, California, USA 20-26 June 2005. New York: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Vol. 2, 60-65.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.38"},{"key":"12","unstructured":"12) DBE, (2004). \u201c&lt;i&gt;Verf\u00fcllmaterial f\u00fcr Strecken mit hohen Anforderungen Materialeigenschaften und Materialkennwerte Salzbeton M2&lt;\/i&gt;.\u201d Peine, Germany: DBE Technology GmbH. (in German)"},{"key":"13","unstructured":"13) DGZfP, (2018). \u201c&lt;i&gt;Merkblatt B 04: Ultraschall-Verfahren zur Zerst\u00f6rungsfreien Pr\u00fcfung im Bauwesen&lt;\/i&gt;.\u201d Berlin, Germany: Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Zerst\u00f6rungsfreie Pr\u00fcfung (German Society for Non-Destructive Testing). (in German)"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14) du Plessis, A., Olawuyi, B. J., Boshoff, W. P. and le Roux, S. G., (2016). \u201cSimple and fast porosity analysis of concrete using x-ray computed tomography.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Materials and Structures&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;49(1), 553-562.","DOI":"10.1617\/s11527-014-0519-9"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15) Effner, U., Mielentz, F., Niederleithinger, E., Friedrich, C., Mauke, R. and Mayer, K., (2021). \u201cPr\u00fcfung von Abdichtbauwerken f\u00fcr Endlager auf Risse \u2013 eine Herausforderung.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik (Materials Science and Engineering Technology)&lt;\/i&gt;, 52(1), 19-31. (in German)","DOI":"10.1002\/mawe.202000118"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16) Feldkamp, L. A., Davis, L .C. and Kress, J. W., (1984). \u201cPractical cone-beam algorithm.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Journal of The Optical Society of America A - Optics Image Science and Vision&lt;\/i&gt;, (1), 612-619.","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.1.000612"},{"key":"17","unstructured":"17) Ge, M. C., (2003). \u201c&lt;i&gt;Analysis of source location algorithms, Part II: Iterative methods&lt;\/i&gt;.\u201d University Park, Pennsylvania, USA: Pennsylvania State University."},{"key":"18","unstructured":"18) Geiger, L., (1912). \u201cProbability method for the determination of earthquake epicentres from the arrival time only.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Bulletin of Saint Louis University&lt;\/i&gt;, 8, 60-71."},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19) Johann, S., Baensch, F., Sturm, P., Tiebe, C., P\u00f6tschke, S. and Lay, V., (2022). \u201cHF RFID-based measurement comparison for method optimization in M2 concrete and alkali-activated mortars.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Materials Today: Proceedings&lt;\/i&gt;, 62(5), 2571-2576.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2022.03.465"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20) Kong, Y., Kato, M. and Kurumisawa, K., (2023). \u201cRecent advances in x-ray computed tomography for alkali-activated materials: A review.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;21(8), 573-595.","DOI":"10.3151\/jact.21.573"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21) Krause, M., Mielentz, F., Milman, B., M\u00fcller, W., Schmitz, V. and Wiggenhauser, H., (2001). \u201cUltrasonic imaging of concrete members using an array system.\u201d &lt;i&gt;NDT &amp;amp; E International&lt;\/i&gt;, 34(6), 403-408.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0963-8695(01)00007-X"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22) Krautkr\u00e4mer, J., and Krautkr\u00e4mer, H., (1990). \u201cUltrasonic testing by determination of material properties.\u201d In: J. Krautkr\u00e4mer and H. Krautkr\u00e4mer, Eds. &lt;i&gt;Ultrasonic Testing of Materials&lt;\/i&gt;. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag GmbH, 528-550.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-10680-8_34"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23) Landis, E. N., Hassefras, E., Oesch, T. S. and Niederleithinger, E., (2021). \u201cRelating ultrasonic signals to concrete microstructure using x-ray computed tomography.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Construction and Building Materials&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;268, 121124.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2020.121124"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24) Lay, V., Baensch, F., Johann, S., Sturm, P., Mielentz, F., Prabhakara, P., Hofmann, D., Niederleithinger, E. and K\u00fchne. H. C., (2021). \u201cSealwastesafe: Materials technology, monitoring techniques, and quality assurance for safe sealing structures in underground repositories.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Safety of Nuclear Waste Disposal&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;1, 127-128.","DOI":"10.5194\/sand-1-127-2021"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25) Lay, V., Effner, U., Niederleithinger, E., Arendt, J., Hofmann, M. and Kudla, W., (2022). \u201cUltrasonic quality assurance at magnesia shotcrete sealing structures.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Sensors&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;22, 8717.","DOI":"10.3390\/s22228717"},{"key":"26","unstructured":"26) Lay, V., Mielentz, F., Prabhakara, P., Baensch, F., Johann, S., Hofmann, D., Sturm, P., Stamm, M. and Niederleithinger, E., (2023). \u201cMulti-sensory monitoring and ultrasound for quality assurance at underground sealing structures.\u201d In: &lt;i&gt;Proc. International Conference on Non-destructive Evaluation of Concrete in Nuclear Applications - NDE NucCon 2023&lt;\/i&gt;, Espoo and Helsinki 25-27 January 2023. Espoo, Finland: Aalto University."},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27) Li, Z., Zhang, S., Liang, X. and Ye, G., (2020). \u201cCracking potential of alkali-activated slag and fly ash concrete subjected to restrained autogenous shrinkage.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Cement and Concrete Composites&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;114, 103767.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2020.103767"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28) Li, Z., Zhou, X., Ma, H. and Hou, D., (2022). \u201c&lt;i&gt;Nondestructive testing in concrete engineering&lt;\/i&gt;.\u201d In: Z. Li, Ed. &lt;i&gt;Advanced Concrete Technology&lt;\/i&gt;. Hoboken, New Jersey, USA: John Wiley &amp;amp; Sons, 381-475.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119806219.ch8"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29) Maack, S., K\u00fcttenbaum, S., Epple, N. and Aligholizadeh, M., (2021). \u201cDie Ultraschall-Echomethode - von der Messung zur bautechnischen Kenngr\u00f6\u00dfe: Studie zur Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit der Messmethode am Referenzmaterial Polyamid und an Beton.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Beton- und Stahlbetonbau (Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures)&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;116(3), 200-211. (in German)","DOI":"10.1002\/best.202000091"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30) Maierhofer, C., Arndt, R., R\u00f6llig, M., Rieck, C., Walther, A., Scheel, H. and Hillemeier B., (2006). \u201cApplication of impulse-thermography for nondestructive assessment of concrete structures.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Cement and Concrete Composites&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;28(4), 393-401.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2006.02.011"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31) Maierhofer, C., Reinhardt, H. W. and Dobmann, G., (2010a). \u201c&lt;i&gt;Non-destructive evaluation of reinforced concrete structures, Vol. 2: Non-destructive testing methods&lt;\/i&gt;.\u201d Sawston, Cambridge UK: Woodhead Publishing.","DOI":"10.1533\/9781845699604"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32) Maierhofer, C., R\u00f6llig, M. and Schlichting, J., (2010b). \u201cActive thermography for evaluation of reinforced concrete structures.\u201d In: C. Maierhofer, H. W.&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;Reinhardt&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;and J. Schlichting, Eds. &lt;i&gt;Non-destructive Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures&lt;\/i&gt;. Sawston, Cambridge UK: Woodhead Publishing, Vol. 2, 370-402.","DOI":"10.1533\/9781845699604.2.370"},{"key":"33","unstructured":"33) Mayer, K. and Cinta, P. M., (2012). \u201c&lt;i&gt;User guide of graphical user interface inter SAFT&lt;\/i&gt;.\u201d Kassel, Germany: University of Kassel, Department of Computational Electronics and Photonics."},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"34) Mayer, K., Langenberg, K. J., Krause, M., Milmann, B. and Mielentz, F., (2008). \u201cCharacterization of reflector types by phase-sensitive ultrasonic data processing and imaging.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;27(1), 35-45.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10921-008-0035-3"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"35) Mineo, S. and G. Pappalardo., (2019). \u201cInfrared thermography presented as an innovative and non-destructive solution to quantify rock porosity in laboratory.\u201d &lt;i&gt;International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;115, 99-110.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmms.2019.01.012"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"36) Oesch, T. S., Landis, E. N. and Kuchma, D. A., (2016). \u201cConventional concrete and UHPC performance-damage relationships identified using computed tomography.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Journal of Engineering Mechanics&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;142(12), 04016101.","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0001168"},{"key":"37","unstructured":"37) Oesch, T. S., Sturm, P., Niederleithinger, E., K\u00fchne, H. C., Bartholmai, M. and Kowarik, S., (2019b). \u201cProposed project SealWasteSafe: Materials technology, quality assurance and monitoring techniques for safe sealing systems in underground repositories.\u201d In: &lt;i&gt;Proc.&lt;\/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;Modern 2020: 2nd International Conference on Monitoring in Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste&lt;\/i&gt;, Paris 9-11 April 2019. Ch\u00e2tenay-Malabry, France: French National Agency for Radioactive Waste Management."},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"38) Oesch, T. S., Weise, F., Meinel, D. and Gollwitzer, C., (2019a). \u201cQuantitative in-situ analysis of water transport in concrete completed using x-ray computed tomography.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Transport in Porous Media&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;127(2), 371-389.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11242-018-1197-9"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"39) Ouyang, J., Chen, X., Huangfu, Z., Lu, C., Huang, D. and Li, Y., (2019). \u201cApplication of distributed temperature sensing for cracking control of mass concrete.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Construction and Building Materials&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;197, 778-791.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.221"},{"key":"40","unstructured":"40) Paetsch, O., Baum, D., Ebell, G., Ehrig, K., Heyn, A., Meinel, D. and Prohaska, S., (2014). \u201cKorrosionsverfolgung in 3D-computertomographischen Aufnahmen von Stahlbetonproben.\u201d In: &lt;i&gt;Proc. Annual Conference of the German Society for Non-Destructive Testing&lt;\/i&gt;, Potsdam, Germany 26-28 May 2014. Berlin: German Society for Non-Destructive Testing. (in German)"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"41) Pirskawetz, S., Weise, F. and Fontana, P., (2006). \u201cDetection of early-age cracking using acoustic emission.\u201d In: O. M. Jensen, P. Lura and K. Kovler, Eds. &lt;i&gt;Proc. International RILEM Conference on Volume Changes of Hardening Concrete: Testing and Mitigation&lt;\/i&gt;, Lyngby, Denmark 20-23 August 2006. Bagnuex, France: RILEM Publications SARL, 385-392.","DOI":"10.1617\/2351580052.041"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"42) Powierza, B., Stelzner, L., Oesch, T., Gollwitzer, C., Weise, F. and Bruno, G., (2018). \u201cWater migration in one-side heated concrete: 4D in-situ CT monitoring of the moisture-clog-effect.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Journal of Nondestructive&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; Evaluation&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;38(1), 15.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10921-018-0552-7"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"43) Prabhakara, P., Lay, V., Mielentz, F., Niederleithinger, E. and Behrens, M., (2024). \u201cEnhancing the performance of a large aperture ultrasound system (LAUS): A combined approach of simulation and measurement for transmitter-receiver optimization.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Sensors&lt;\/i&gt;, 24(1), 100.","DOI":"10.3390\/s24010100"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"44) Prabhakara, P., Mielentz, F., Stolpe, H., Behrens, M., Lay, V. and Niederleithinger, E., (2022). \u201cValidation of novel ultrasonic phased array borehole probe by using simulation and measurement.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Sensors&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;22(24), 9823.","DOI":"10.3390\/s22249823"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"45) Rehman, S. K. U., Ibrahim, Z., Memon, S. A. and Jameel, M., (2016). \u201cNondestructive test methods for concrete bridges: A review.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Construction and Building Materials&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;107, 58-86.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.011"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"46) Ridengaoqier, E., Hatanaka, S., Palamy, P. and Kurita, S., (2021). \u201cExperimental study on the porosity evaluation of pervious concrete by using ultrasonic wave testing on surfaces.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Construction and Building Materials&lt;\/i&gt;, 300, 123959.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123959"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"47) Sakiyama, F. I. H., Lehmann, F. and Garrecht, H., (2021). \u201cStructural health monitoring of concrete structures using fibre-optic-based sensors: A review.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Magazine of Concrete Research&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;73(4), 174-194.","DOI":"10.1680\/jmacr.19.00185"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"48) Schickert, M., Krause, M. and M\u00fcller, W., (2003). \u201cUltrasonic imaging of concrete elements using reconstruction by synthetic aperture focusing technique.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;15(3), 235-246.","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0899-1561(2003)15:3(235)"},{"key":"49","unstructured":"49) Sch\u00f6n, J. H., (2015). \u201c&lt;i&gt;Physical properties of rocks: Fundamentals and principles of petrophysics&lt;\/i&gt;.\u201d Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier B. V."},{"key":"50","unstructured":"50) Simo, E., Herold, P., Keller, A., Lommerzheim, A., Matteo, E., Hadgu, T., Jayne, R., Kuhlman, K. and Mills, M., (2022). \u201c&lt;i&gt;Rangers: State of the art and science on engineered barrier systems in salt formations&lt;\/i&gt;.\u201d Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA: Sandia National Laboratories."},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"51) Strangfeld, C., Johann, S. and Bartholmai, M., (2019). \u201cSmart RFID sensors embedded in building structures for early damage detection and long-term monitoring.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Sensors&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;19(24), 5514.","DOI":"10.3390\/s19245514"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"52) Sturm, P., Moye, J., Gluth, G. J., Vogler, N., Taffe, A. and K\u00fchne, H. C., (2021). \u201cProperties of alkali-activated mortars with salt aggregate for sealing structures in evaporite rock.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Open Ceramics&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;5, 100041.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceram.2020.100041"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"53) Thiede, T., Mishurova, T., Evsevleev, S., Serrano-Munoz, I., Gollwitzer, C. and Bruno, G., (2019). \u201c3D shape analysis of powder for laser beam melting by synchrotron x-ray CT.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Quantum Beam Science&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;3(1), 0003.","DOI":"10.3390\/qubs3010003"},{"key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"54) Toscano, C., Meola, C. and Carlomagno. G. M., (2013). \u201cPorosity distribution in composite structures with infrared thermography.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Journal of Composites&lt;\/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;\/i&gt;2013, 140127.","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/140127"},{"key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"55) Van Den Abeele, K., Desadeleer, W., De Schutter, G. and Wevers, M., (2009). \u201cActive and passive monitoring of the early hydration process in concrete using linear and nonlinear acoustics.\u201d &lt;i&gt;Cement and Concrete Research&lt;\/i&gt;, 39(5), 426-432.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2009.01.016"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"56) Wiecek, B., (2006). \u201cReview on thermal image processing for passive and active thermography.\u201d In: &lt;i&gt;Proc.&lt;\/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;27th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology&lt;\/i&gt;, Shanghai, China 17-18 January 2006. New Jersey, USA: IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp;amp; Biology Society, 686-689.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2005.1616506"},{"key":"57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"57) Wiggenhauser, H., (2008). \u201cAdvanced NDT methods for the assessment of concrete structures.\u201d In: H. Wiggenhauser, Ed. &lt;i&gt;Concrete Repair, Rehabilitation and Retrofitting II&lt;\/i&gt;. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 37-48.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781439828403-7"}],"container-title":["Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jact\/22\/9\/22_516\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,7]],"date-time":"2024-09-07T04:41:24Z","timestamp":1725684084000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jact\/22\/9\/22_516\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3151\/jact.22.516","relation":{},"ISSN":["1346-8014","1347-3913"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1346-8014"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1347-3913"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]]}}}</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">30.10.2024</enrichment>
    <author>Vera Lay</author>
    <author>Franziska Baensch</author>
    <author>Anna Skłodowska</author>
    <author>Tobias Fritsch</author>
    <author>Michael Stamm</author>
    <author>Prathik Prabhakara</author>
    <author>Sergej Johann</author>
    <author>Patrick Sturm</author>
    <author>Hans-Carsten Kühne</author>
    <author>Ernst Niederleithinger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Radioactive waste</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Barrier</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Concrete</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>AAM</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Non-destructive testing</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.4 Baustofftechnologie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.1 Sensorik, mess- und prüftechnische Verfahren</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.3 Thermografische Verfahren</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Kerntechnische Entsorgung</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57331</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>12</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>6</issue>
    <volume>34</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>IOP Publishing</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Assessment of 2D-based tests for the qualification of simulation software for dXCT</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The interest in using computer simulations of dimensional x-ray computed tomography (dXCT) for various metrological purposes—such as measurement planning, performance prediction, performance optimisation and, finally, measurement uncertainty estimation—is increasing along with the ever-growing demand for more reliable measurements with dXCT. However, before a piece of simulation software can be used for tasks related to coordinate metrology, it has to be ensured that it is able to simulate physical laws, characteristic effects and basic CT system functionalities correctly and with sufficient accuracy. In short, the software must be qualified for dimensional metrology tasks. As one part of such a qualification process, a method is presented here for determining conformity intervals of 2D tests (projection-based tests) based on 3D tests (testing based on dimensional evaluations in a reconstructed volume) for the assessment of dXCT simulation software. The method consists of varying relevant parameter values in order to verify their influence on 3D measurement results. The results of the 3D tests with varied parameter values are then transferred to the quantities tested in the 2D tests and used as the basis for determining conformity intervals. Two approaches are applied for determining whether or not a variation of a parameter value is significant: (a) statistical and (b) heuristic. Two examples are presented, each based on simulated images, which show the application of the two different approaches for determining conformity intervals for the results of the 2D tests.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Measurement Science and Technology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1088/1361-6501/acc1f9</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-573316</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">19.04.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>F. Borges de Oliveira</author>
    <author>T. Reuter</author>
    <author>David Plotzki</author>
    <author>F. Wohlgemuth</author>
    <author>M. Bartscher</author>
    <author>Carsten Bellon</author>
    <author>S. Kasperl</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>dXCT</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray computed tomography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Simulation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/57331/Borges_de_Oliveira_2023_Meas._Sci._Technol._34_064005.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55326</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>15</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>10</issue>
    <volume>33</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>IOP Publishing</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Bristol, UK</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Methodologies for model parameterization of virtual CTs for measurement uncertainty estimation</title>
    <abstract language="eng">X-ray computed tomography (XCT) is a fast-growing technology for dimensional measurements in industrial applications. However, traceable and efficient methods to determine measurement uncertainties are not available. Guidelines like the VDI/VDE 2630 Part 2.1 suggest at least 20 repetitions of a specific measurement task, which is not feasible for industrial standards. Simulation-based approaches to determine task specific measurement uncertainties are promising, but require closely adjusted model parameters and an integration of error sources like geometrical deviations during a measurement. Unfortunately, the development of an automated process to parameterize and integrate geometrical deviations into XCT models is still an open issue. In this work, the whole processing chain of dimensional XCT measurements is taken into account with focus on the issues and requirements to determine suitable parameters of geometrical deviations. Starting off with baseline simulations of different XCT systems, two approaches are investigated to determine and integrate geometrical deviations of reference measurements. The first approach tries to iteratively estimate geometric deviation parameter values to match the characteristics of the missing error sources. The second approach estimates those values based on radiographs of a known calibrated reference object. In contrast to prior work both approaches only use a condensed set of parameters to map geometric deviations. In case of the iterative approach, some major issues regarding unhandled directional dependencies have been identified and discussed. Whereas the radiographic method resulted in task specific expanded measurements uncertainties below one micrometre even for bi-directional features, which is a step closer towards a true digital twin for uncertainty estimations in dimensional XCT.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Measurement Science and Technology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1088/1361-6501/ac7b6a</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-553263</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">21.07.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>F. Binder</author>
    <author>B. Bircher</author>
    <author>René Laquai</author>
    <author>A. Küng</author>
    <author>Carsten Bellon</author>
    <author>F. Meli</author>
    <author>A. Deresch</author>
    <author>U. Ulrich Neuschaefer-Rube</author>
    <author>T. Hausotte</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Geometrical deviation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray computed tomography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Uncertainty estimation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Virtual CT</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/55326/Binder_2022_Meas._Sci._Technol._33_104002.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55327</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>9</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>9</issue>
    <volume>33</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>IOP Publishing</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Bristol, UK</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Validation of a fast and traceable radiographic scale calibration of dimensional computed tomography</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A fast and highly precise method of determining the geometrical scale factor of computed tomography (CT) measurements has been validated successfully by Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), the Federal Institute of Metrology (METAS) and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) within the scope of AdvanCT (Advanced Computed Tomography for dimensional and surface measurements in industry), a project funded in the European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research (EMPIR). The method has been developed by PTB and requires only two radiographic images of a calibrated thin 2D standard (hole grid standard) from two opposite directions. The mean grid distance is determined from both radiographs. From this and with the help of the calibration result, the radiographic scale and therefore the voxel size is determined. The procedure takes only a few minutes and avoids a time-consuming CT scan. To validate the method, the voxel sizes determined via this method were compared with voxel sizes determined from CT scans of calibrated objects. Relative deviations between the voxel sizes in the range of 10−5 were&#13;
achieved with minimal effort using cone-beam CT systems at moderate magnifications.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Measurement Science and Technology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1088/1361-6501/ac74a3</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0957-0233</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-553271</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">21.07.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>U. Neuschaefer-Rube</author>
    <author>J. Illemann</author>
    <author>M. Sturm</author>
    <author>B. Bircher</author>
    <author>F. Meli</author>
    <author>Carsten Bellon</author>
    <author>Sergei Evsevleev</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dimensional metrology</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Voxel size</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Industrial CT</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Geometrical magnification</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/55327/Neuschaefer-Rube_2022_Meas._Sci._Technol._33_094007.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55251</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>11</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">On the Interplay between CT and Singlet Exciton Emission in Organic Solar Cells with Small Driving Force and Its Impact on Voltage Loss</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The interplay between free charge carriers, charge transfer (CT) states and singlet excitons (S1) determines the recombination pathway and the resulting open circuit voltage (VOC) of organic solar cells. By combining a well-aggregated low bandgap polymer with different blend ratios of the fullerenes PCBM and ICBA, the energy of the CT state (ECT) is varied by 130 meV while leaving the S1 energy of the polymer (ES1) unaffected. It is found that the polymer exciton dominates the radiative properties of the blend when ECT approaches ES1, while the VOC remains limited by the non-radiative decay of the CT state. It is concluded that an increasing strength of the exciton in the optical spectra of organic solar cells will generally decrease the non-radiative voltage loss because it lowers the radiative VOC limit (VOC,rad), but not because it is more emissive. The analysis further suggests that electronic coupling between the CT state and the S1 will not improve the VOC, but rather reduce the VOC,rad. It is anticipated that only at very low CT state absorption combined with a fairly high CT radiative efficiency the solar cell benefit from the radiative properties of the singlet excitons.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Advanced Energy Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/aenm.202200641</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1614-6832</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-552518</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">13.07.2022</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Tobias Fritsch</author>
    <author>J. Kurpiers</author>
    <author>S. Roland</author>
    <author>N. Tokmoldin</author>
    <author>S. Shoaee</author>
    <author>T. Ferron</author>
    <author>B. A. Collins</author>
    <author>S. Janietz</author>
    <author>K. Vandewal</author>
    <author>D. Fritsch</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Organic Solar Cell</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Open Circuit Voltage</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Voltage Loss</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ternary</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/55251/Fritsch_AEM_2022_OrganicSolarCells.pdf</file>
  </doc>
</export-example>
