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    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
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    <title language="deu">Experimentelle Charakterisierung der WIG-Schweißeignung einer Hoch- und Mediumentropie-Legierung</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Equiatomic multi-element systems with defined entropy are a relatively new mate-rial concept for alloy production. These alloys consist of at least five elements in equiatomic distribution in the case of high entropy alloys (HEA) and three to four elements in equiatomic distribution in the case of medium entropy alloys (MEA). Previous studies on these alloys have focused primarily on their production, micro-structure and the resulting material properties. Meanwhile, the focus here is on the processing of the alloys and their influence on future applications. Up to now, there has been insufficient knowledge of the materials and processes involved in weld-ing. &#13;
In this work, therefore, the weldability of a CoCrFeMnNi-HEA and a CoCrNi-MEA by means of a TIG welding process was investigated as a basic system. To this end, the welding parameters were first determined on a reference alloy (Ni-based: 2.4858) and transferred to the welding of the CoCrFeMnNi-HEA and CoCrNi-MEA. Weldability was assessed by testing the absence of defects and microstructures obtained. The weld metal exhibited the dendritic microstructure typical of TIG, with microsegregations forming as interdendritic phases. Increased hardness was de-tected in the weld metal compared to the base metal. In the heat-affected zone, there was little grain growth and, in both alloys, the formation of hot cracks after welding. The cause of the cracks was to be found in the specimen preparation, which had an influence on the subsequent processing. After elimination of this in-fluence, no welding process-related imperfections were found in the CoCrFeMnNi-HEA and CoCrNi-MEA.&#13;
In summary, both materials show good fusion weldability by TIG welding. The re-sults of this work thus contribute to the understanding of the weldability of HEA and in particular for CoCrNi-MEA, which was considered in this depth for the first time.</abstract>
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    <author>Marcel Giese</author>
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      <value>Hochentropielegierung</value>
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      <language>deu</language>
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      <value>Mediumentropielegierung</value>
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      <value>WIG-Schweißen</value>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
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    <title language="deu">Helmholtz-AK "Bau wissenschaftlicher Geräte" - Neues aus der BAM / Fachbereich 9.2</title>
    <abstract language="deu">In dieser Präsentation werden die neuesten Herausforderungen und der Stand des Fachbereiches 9.2 für die Mitarbeit im AK des HGF "Bau wissenschaftlicher Geräte" dargestellt.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Helmholtz-Arbeitskreis "Bau wissenschaftlicher Geräte", 18. Jahrestagung</enrichment>
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    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Werkstatt</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Erneuerbare Energien</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
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  <doc>
    <id>51593</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
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    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>12</pageFirst>
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    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Manufacturing Innovation Network e. V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Varel, Germany</publisherPlace>
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    <title language="deu">Vom Kokillenguss bis zur Fräsbearbeitung - Bauteile aus innovativen Eisen- und Titanaluminiden wirtschaftlich herstellen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der Beitrag gibt einen kurzen Einblick in das gerade bewilligte ZIM-Vorhaben „Technologie und Werkzeuge für ultraschallunterstütztes Fräsen von Eisen- und Titan-Aluminid-Bauteilen (TeWuFeAl)“. In dem Vorhaben wird durch 2 KMU aus dem Bereichen der Werkzeugentwicklung (Wolf GmbH) und der Anwendung (AWB GmbH) sowie durch 2 Forschungsinstitute, Access e. V. und Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), die Herstellbarkeit sicherheitsrelevanter Leichtbauteile aus FeAl und TiAl durch das besonders wirtschaftliche Kokillengussverfahren und die anschließende ultraschallunterstützte Zerspanung untersucht.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Unter Span - Das Magazin des Manufacturing Innovation Network e. V.</parentTitle>
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    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>C. Hamm</author>
    <author>T. Röser</author>
    <author>H. Michels</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eisenaluminid</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Titanaluminid</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kokillenguss</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fräsbearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultraschallunterstütztes Fräsen</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oberflächenintegrität</value>
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    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
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    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
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    <publisherPlace>Otto von Guericke Universität</publisherPlace>
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    <title language="deu">Experimentelle Charakterisierung der WIG-Schweißeignung einer Hoch- und Mediumentropie-Legierung</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Equiatomic multi-element systems with defined entropy are a relatively new mate-rial concept for alloy production. These alloys consist of at least five elements in equiatomic distribution in the case of high entropy alloys (HEA) and three to four elements in equiatomic distribution in the case of medium entropy alloys (MEA). Previous studies on these alloys have focused primarily on their production, micro-structure and the resulting material properties. Meanwhile, the focus here is on the processing of the alloys and their influence on future applications. Up to now, there has been insufficient knowledge of the materials and processes involved in weld-ing. &#13;
In this work, therefore, the weldability of a CoCrFeMnNi-HEA and a CoCrNi-MEA by means of a TIG welding process was investigated as a basic system. To this end, the welding parameters were first determined on a reference alloy (Ni-based: 2.4858) and transferred to the welding of the CoCrFeMnNi-HEA and CoCrNi-MEA. Weldability was assessed by testing the absence of defects and microstructures obtained. The weld metal exhibited the dendritic microstructure typical of TIG, with microsegregations forming as interdendritic phases. Increased hardness was de-tected in the weld metal compared to the base metal. In the heat-affected zone, there was little grain growth and, in both alloys, the formation of hot cracks after welding. The cause of the cracks was to be found in the specimen preparation, which had an influence on the subsequent processing. After elimination of this in-fluence, no welding process-related imperfections were found in the CoCrFeMnNi-HEA and CoCrNi-MEA.&#13;
In summary, both materials show good fusion weldability by TIG welding. The re-sults of this work thus contribute to the understanding of the weldability of HEA and in particular for CoCrNi-MEA, which was considered in this depth for the first time.</abstract>
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    <author>Marcel Giese</author>
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      <value>WIG-Schweißen</value>
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      <language>deu</language>
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      <value>Hochentropielegierung</value>
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      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mediumentropielegierung</value>
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  <doc>
    <id>54268</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
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    <language>deu</language>
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    <title language="deu">Ultraschallunterstütztes Fräsen von Eisenaluminid</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Eisenaluminide eignen sich als Werkstoff für sicherheitsrelevante Komponenten welche hohen thermischen, mechanischen und korrosiven Belastungen ausgesetzt sind. Mit ihrer geringen Dichte und der kostengünstigen Verfügbarkeit der Legierungsbestandteile bieten sie ein hohes Marktpotenzial und eignen sich als Substitutionswerkstoff konventioneller Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe. Durch die Verwendung von Dauerformen im Kokillenguss lassen sich FeAl-Bauteile bereits äußerst wirtschaftlich herstellen. Das dabei entstehende komplexe, mehrphasige, sehr feinkörnige Gefüge mit harten Ausscheidungen und hohen Festigkeiten erschwert jedoch eine nachfolgende spanende Bearbeitung mit hohen Belastungen auf Werkzeug und Bauteiloberfläche. Um eine gesamtheitlich wirtschaftliche Herstellungsroute zu ermöglichen, sollen im Hinblick auf die erschwerte Zerspanbarkeit geeignete Werkzeuge und Fräsprozesse entwickelt werden. Durch die Verwendung des hybriden Bearbeitungsverfahrens des ultraschallunterstützten Fräsens können diese Ziele unter Einhaltung der hohen Anforderung an die Oberflächenintegrität sicherheitsrelevanter Bauteile erreicht werden.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Bachelor-, Master-, Doktoranden-Kolloquium der Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg</enrichment>
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    <author>Julien Witte</author>
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      <language>deu</language>
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      <value>Eisenaluminid</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Zerspanung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultraschallunterstütztes Fräsen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oberflächenintegrität</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
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  <doc>
    <id>58859</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
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    <title language="deu">Herstellung beanspruchungsgerechter Oberflächen durch Kombination innovativer additiver und abtragender Fertigungsschritte an hochbelasteten Komponenten</title>
    <abstract language="deu">In vielen Anwendungen werden aufgrund zunehmender Anforderungen an den Widerstand gegenüber hohen, kombinierten mechanischen, tribologischen, thermischen und korrosiven Beanspruchungen Hochleistungsle¬gierungen eingesetzt. Den vielfach komplexen Bauteilstrukturen, herausfordernden Fertigungseigenschaften und der Erhöhung der Ressourceneffizienz lässt sich heute mit der additiven Fertigung (AM) begegnen, dem oftmals noch unzureichende Kenntnisse über die resultierende Homogenität und Anisotropie der speziellen Gefüge und den damit verbundenen Eigenschaften entgegensteht. Viele Anwendungen benötigen zudem definierte Oberflächen mit hohen Anforderungen an die Oberflächenintegrität, dem durch komplementären Einsatz von additiven und abtragenden Fertigungsschritten Rechnung getragen wird. Hochleistungslegierungen auf der Basis von Nickel oder Kobalt sind infolge der niedrigen Wärmeleitfähigkeit verbunden mit hoher Festigkeit und Zähigkeit äußerst herausfordernd mit Blick auf eine wirtschaftliche Zerspanung mit geometrisch bestimmter Schneide. Ein Vorhaben (IGF-Nr. 20.979 N/DVS-Nr. 1.3211) der BAM und TU Clausthal/ISAF befasst sich mit der Lösung dieser Problemstellung durch gezielte Beeinflussung des Gefüges mittels Modifikation der Schweißzusatzwerkstoffe und den Einsatz des ultraschallunterstützten Fräsens (US), bei gleichzeitiger Sicherstellung der geforderten Eigenschaften der untersuchten Werkstoffe. Es werden die Ergebnisse der Mikrostruktur und der Zerspanbarkeit der Modifikationen der MSG-Schweißung der FeNi36-Referenzlegierung mit 0,4 Gew.-% Zr und der Modifikationen der MSG-Schweißung der CoCr-Referenzlegierung mit 1 Gew.-% Zr sowie Hf vorgestellt. Abschließend werden aus den Ergebnissen Handlungsempfehlungen abgeleitet.</abstract>
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    <enrichment key="eventStart">15.11.2023</enrichment>
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    <author>Lorenz Engelking</author>
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      <value>Legierungsmodifikation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultraschallunterstütztes Fräsen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive Fertigung</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oberflächenintegrität</value>
    </subject>
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    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
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    <language>eng</language>
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    <title language="eng">Energy efficiency in materials testing by reactive power part 2: resonance method in fatigue testing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Reactive power is related to the type of power that does not consume energy but stores it. In the design of test machines, the utilization of this physical phenomenon would be very beneficial. Reactive power allows for the combination of power amplification with energy savings, making it an ideal principle for conducting long-term tests that involve high loads and prolonged energy consumption. This work focuses on testing machines operating in resonance, which allows for higher test frequencies and reduced test durations. Various types of fatigue testing machines, including those with rotating-unbalance actuators, servo-hydraulic actuators, and piezoelectric actuators, are examined through vibration analysis, methodical design, and mechatronics. Resonant testing machines provide significant advantages in energy efficiency and test accuracy for a wide range of applications in materials testing. These methods are crucial for future applications in industries where energy efficiency and precise fatigue testing are critical, such as aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials Testing</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1515/mt-2024-0350</identifier>
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Various types of fatigue testing machines, including those with rotating-unbalance actuators, servo-hydraulic actuators, and piezoelectric actuators, are examined through vibration analysis, methodical design, and mechatronics. Resonant testing machines provide significant advantages in energy efficiency and test accuracy for a wide range of applications in materials testing. 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    <author>Dietmar Findeisen</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Reactive power</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Amplitude magnification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Power amplification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fatigue testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Resonant test machines</value>
    </subject>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
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    <title language="eng">Energy efficiency in materials testing by reactive power – part 1: power recirculating method in wear testing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Reactive power is related to the type of power that does not consume energy but stores it. In the design of test machines, the utilization of this physical phenomenon would be very beneficial. Reactive power allows for the combination of power amplification with energy savings, making it an ideal principle for conducting long-term tests that involve high loads and prolonged energy consumption. This concept is illustrated in this work focusing test machines used in rotary testing procedures. Drive element pairs, which serve as component test objects, are primarily exposed to wear stress. These stressed element pairs are consequently integral parts of a tribological system. The underlying principles of power amplification and power feedback are explained from the perspectives of drive technology, systematic design, methodical design, and mechatronics.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials Testing</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1515/mt-2023-0136</identifier>
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This concept is illustrated in this work focusing test machines used in rotary testing procedures. Drive element pairs, which serve as component test objects, are primarily exposed to wear stress. These stressed element pairs are consequently integral parts of a tribological system. 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    <author>Dietmar Findeisen</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reactive power</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Power amplification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Power feedback</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wear testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Strained element pairs</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
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    <title language="eng">Ultrasonic assisted milling of a CoCrFeNi medium entropy alloy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Medium and High Entropy Alloys (MEA/HEA) are recently developed material classes, providing manifold applications, e.g., due to extraordinary structural properties. In that connection, the machinability as important issue for the processing of these materials was not in the scientific focus. This study focusses on experimental analysis of milling process conditions including ultrasonic assisted milling (USAM) and their effects on the resulting surface integrity of equiatomic CoCrFeNi-MEA specimens. For that reason, milling parameters (cutting speed, feed per cutting edge) were systematically varied for both conventional milling and USAM. The surface integrity was analyzed in terms of topography, defects, and residual stresses. Especially USAM leads to a decrease of occurring cutting forces and, hence, to an improvement of the surface integrity. Beneficial effects were observed in terms of lower tensile residual stresses at high cutting speed and feed per cutting edge.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Procedia CIRP</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.procir.2022.05.203</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-554458</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>Diego Delgado Arroyo</author>
    <author>Andreas Börner</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>T. Lindner</author>
    <author>M. Löbel</author>
    <author>B. Preuß</author>
    <author>T. Lampke</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Medium entropy alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic Assisted Machining</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface Integrity</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
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    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/55445/PROCEDIA CIRP_Ultrasonic assisted milling of a CoCrFeNi medium entropy alloy.pdf</file>
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    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
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    <language>eng</language>
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    <title language="eng">Modification of Co Cr alloys to optimize of additively welded microstructures and subsequent surface finishing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Cobalt chromium alloys are often used in turbine and plant construction. This is based on their high thermal and mechanical stress resistance as well as their high wear resistance to corrosive and abrasive loads. However, cobalt is a cost-intensive material that is difficult to machine. Moreover, increasingly complex structures and the optimisation of resource efficiency also require additive manufacturing steps for the production or repair of components in many sectors. Concerning inhomogeneity&#13;
and anisotropy of the microstructure and properties as well as manufacturing-related stresses, a lot of knowledge is still necessary for the economic use of additive welding processes in SMEs. As a result of the high stresses on the components and requirements for a high surface quality, a complementary use of additive and machining manufacturing processes is necessary. Thereby, Co–Cr alloys are extremely challenging for machining with geometrically defined cutting edges because of their low thermal conductivity combined with high strength and toughness. An approach to solve this problem is to refine and homogenise the microstructure. This is achieved by modifying the alloy with elements zirconium and hafnium, which are added up to a maximum of 1 wt.-%. A reduction of the process forces and stresses on the tool and work piece surface is also achievable via hybrid milling processes. There are already studies on the combined use of additive and machining manufacturing processes based on laser technology. However, knowledge based on powder and wire-based arc processes is&#13;
important, as these processes are more widespread. Furthermore, the effects on the surface zone of additively manufactured components by hybrid finish milling have not yet been a subject of research. The results show that the structural morphology could be significantly influenced with the addition of zirconium and hafnium.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">74th IIW Annual Assembly</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">12.07.2021</enrichment>
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    <author>A. Eissel</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Modification of structural morphology</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Co–Cr-alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma-transferred arc welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic-assisted milling</value>
    </subject>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
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    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
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    <title language="deu">Innovative Multielement-Legierungen: Ergebnisse zur Schweißbarkeit und Anwendungseigenschaften</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Multielement-Legierungen (MPEA – multiple pricipal element alloys) stellen eine neue Klasse von Werkstoffen dar, die aus mindestens drei äquiatomaren Legierungselementen mit jeweils einem Gehalt von 5–35 Atom-% bestehen. Somit unterscheidet sich das Legierungskonzept fundamental von konventionellen bspw. Stahl- oder Al-basierten Legierungen. In jüngster Zeit lag der Schwerpunkt auf dem Legierungs-Design der MPEA und der Überprüfung bzw. Erreichung der gewünschten Eigenschaften bzw. -kombinationen. Hierzu werden die Legierungselemente gezielt ausgewählt und die Mikrostrukturen ein- und zum Teil auch mehrphasig eingestellt. Ziel sind hochinnovative MPEA mit angepassten Eigenschaften für die industrielle Anwendung. Dabei sollen insbesondere die bei konventionellen Legierungen wesentlichen Zielkonflikte, wie bspw. der Trade-off zwischen Festigkeit und Duktilität, überwunden werden. Darüber hinaus sind mechanische Eigenschaften bei sehr hohen sowie kryogenen Temperaturen bei gleichzeitig höchster Korrosionsbeständigkeit von hohem Interesse. Die Herstellung von Bauteilen erfordert dazu werkstoff- und beanspruchungsgerechte Füge- bzw. Schweißverfahren. Der Schweißeignung von MPEA wurde bis Ende 2021 nur äußert wenig Aufmerksamkeit zuteil. Die Auswirkungen durch Schweißprozesse auf die Metallurgie und die gewünschten Eigenschaften sind bisher kaum bekannt und limitieren die potenzielle Anwendbarkeit als Funktions- oder Konstruktionswerkstoffe.&#13;
In einem interdisziplinären BAM-Forschungsprojekt werden aktuell grundlegende Untersuchungen zur Schweißverarbeitung und resultierender Mikrostruktur-Anwendungseigenschafts-Beziehung verschiedener MPEA durchgeführt. Insbesondere Wärmeeinflusszone und Schweißgut sind geprägt durch eine Mikrostruktur, die aus Ungleichgewichtszuständen resultiert. Im Falle von MPEA wurde dies bisher nicht systematisch untersucht. Dazu erfolgte im Rahmen des Projektes eine umfassende Literaturauswertung zum Schweißen von MPEA und Zusammenfassung in einer umfassenden, systematischen Datenbasis. Aus diesem Grund sollen in der vorliegenden Studie die bisher bedeutsamsten Erkenntnisse zur Schweißbarkeit von MPEA systematisch nach MPEA-Typ und Schweißverfahren geordnet und mit eigenen aktuellen Forschungsergebnissen verglichen werden. Durch WIG- und Rührreibschweißversuche an den MPEA-Systemen CoCrNiFeMn bzw. CoCrNi konnten im Projektverlauf bereits wesentliche Fragestellungen beantwortet werden. Dazu zählen Auftreten bzw. Verhinderung intermetallischer Phasen/Seigerungen oder deren Auswirkung auf die Eigenschaften der Schweißverbindung (bspw. Festigkeit oder Korrosionsbeständigkeit).</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">DVS Congress</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Koblenz, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">19.09.2022</enrichment>
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    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High Entropy Alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multielementlegierungen</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
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    <title language="eng">Local mechanical properties of dissimilar metal TIG welded joints of CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy and AISI 304 austenitic steel</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Multiple principal element alloys encompass the well-known high entropy alloys (HEA). The alloy system represents a new class of materials consisting of at least three alloying elements, each containing 5 to 35 at.%. Thus, this alloying concept differs fundamentally from conventional materials such as steel or nickel alloys. For this purpose, the alloying elements are specifically selected, the microstructures are adjusted in a single-phase and, in some cases, multi-phase manner. In particular, conflicting goals, such as the trade-off between strength and ductility in conventional steels, are overcome. However, in the last 20 years, the focus has been on material synthesis. With the increase in available material quantities, the focus is now on processing issues such as joining and welding processes. The weldability of HEAs has received very little attention so far. The experience with dissimilar metal welds is completely lacking but is essential for the application of these materials in combination with conventional materials. The present study presents comprehensive experimental results on the weldability of an equimolar CoCrFeMnNi-HEA in cold-rolled and heat-treated condition, which was joined by tungsten inert gas welding to an austenitic steel AISI 304. The mechanical properties of the dissimilar metal welds were characterized by cross-weld tensile samples, whereas the local deformation in the weld of the different welding zones was measured by digital image correlation. In accordance with the respective initial HEA condition (cold-rolled vs. heat-treated), the local strain behavior was divergent and influenced the global mechanical properties of both DMW types. Nonetheless, the experiments provided proof in principle of the weldability for dissimilar joints of the CoCrFeMnNi-HEA welded to conventional materials like austenitic stainless steels ensuring a corresponding capability for mechanical loading. This allows further considerations on the application of these innovative materials.</abstract>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>Kjell Erxleben</author>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Tobias Mente</author>
    <author>Thomas Michael</author>
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      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>TIG welding</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-entropy alloys</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mechanical properties</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dissimilar metal weld</value>
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    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/59577/Online_first_s40194-024-01718-4.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54169</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>13</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>5</issue>
    <volume>6</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel (CH)</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of Surface Preparation on Cracking Phenomena in TIG-Welded High and Medium Entropy Alloys</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Multi-element systems with defined entropy (HEA—high entropy alloy or MEA—medium entropy alloy) are rather new material concepts that are becoming increasingly important in materials research and development. Some HEA systems show significantly improved properties or combinations of properties, e.g., the overcoming of the trade-off between high strength and ductility. Thus, the synthesis, the resulting microstructures, and properties of HEA have been primarily investigated so far. In addition, processing is crucial to achieve a transfer of potential HEA/MEA materials to real applications, e.g., highly stressed components. Since fusion welding is the most important joining process for metals, it is of vital importance to investigate the weldability of these materials. However, this has rarely been the subject of research to date. For that reason, in this work, the weldability depending on the surface preparation of a CoCrFeMnNi HEA and a CoCrNi MEA for TIG welding is investigated. The fusion welding of longer plates is described here for the first time for the CoCrNi alloy. The welds of both materials showed distinct formation of cracks in the heat affected Zone (HAZ). Optical and scanning electron microscopy analysis clearly confirmed an intergranular fracture topography. However, based on the results, the crack mechanism cannot be conclusively identified as either a liquid metal embrittlement (LME) or hot cracking-like liquid film separation.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2504-4494</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/jmmp6010005</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-541697</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">2nd International Conference on Advanced Joining Processes</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Sintra, Portugal</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">21.10.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">22.10.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">04.04.2022</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>Marcel Giese</author>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Michael</author>
    <author>Tobias Fritsch</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>TIG welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High entropy alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Medium entropy alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface preparation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/54169/jmmp-06-00005-v2_Authors_copy.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56671</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Residual stresses in near-component specimens of a high and a medium entropy alloy due to tig and friction stir welding</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The new alloying concept of multi-element systems with defined entropy (HEA - High Entropy Alloy or MEA - Medium Entropy Alloy) is gaining increasing importance in materials research. Significantly improved properties or combinations of properties are shown by some HEA/MEA-systems, which have the potential to substitute conventional alloys such steels and are therefore promising for a wide range of applications, e.g., overcome of the trade-off between high strength and ductility. Thus, primarily the production and resulting microstructures of HEA as well as properties have been investigated so far. Furthermore, processing is a main issue to transfer HEA systems from the laboratory to real components, e.g., for highly stressed components. Since welding is the most important joining process for metals, it is crucial to investigate the influence of welding processing on these material properties to guarantee component integrity. Welding leads to residual stresses, which significantly affect the component integrity. Only a very few studies on the effect of welding on residual stresses in HEA and MEA weld joints are available so far. Hence, the focus of this study is the residual stress formation and distribution in a CoCrFeMnNi HEA and ternary CoCrNi MEA using two different welding processes: Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding and soldi-state Friction Stir Welding (FSW). As a pathway for application of HEA in this investigation for the first time residual stress analyses in realistic near-component specimens were performed. The residual stresses were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) on the surfaces of top and root weld side. The results were correlated with the local welding microstructures. The results show that both FSW and TIG generate significant tensile residual stresses on the weld surfaces in and transverse to the welding direction. In the case of FSW of the CoCrFeMnNi HEA, the longitudinal residual stresses are in the range of the yield strength of approx. 300 MPa in the weld zone.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">OVGU-Kolloquium (BMDK des IWF)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">19.05.2022</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High Entropy Alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Microstructure</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>53607</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Characterization of cracking phenomena in TIG welds of high and medium entropy alloy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Multi-element systems with defined entropy (HEA - High Entropy Alloy or MEA - Medium Entropy Alloy) are rather new material concepts that are becoming increasingly important in materials research and development. Some HEA systems show significantly improved properties or combinations of properties, e.g., the overcome of the trade-off between high strength and ductility. Thus, the synthesis, the resulting microstructures, and properties of HEA have been primarily investigated so far. In addition, processing is crucial to achieve a transfer of potential HEA/MEA materials to real applications, e.g. highly stressed components. Since fusion welding is the most important joining process for metals, it is of vital importance to investigate the weldability of these materials. However, this has rarely been the subject of research up to date. For that reason, in this work the weldability depending on the surface preparation of a CoCrFeMnNi-HEA and a CoCrNi-MEA for TIG welding is investigated. The fusion welding of longer plates is described here for the first time for the CoCrNi alloy. The welds of both materials showed distinct formation of cracks in the heat affected zone (HAZ). Optical and scanning electron microscopy analysis clearly confirmed an intergranular fracture topography. But based on the results, the crack mechanism cannot be conclusively clarified as either a liquid metal embrittlement (LME) or hot cracking like liquid film separation occurred.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">2nd International Conference on Advanced Joining Processes</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">21.10.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">22.10.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>Marcel Diese</author>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High Entropy Alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>TIG welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
  </doc>
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