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  <doc>
    <id>50919</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>RP 88</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
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    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation>Association for Information Systems</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">International Diffusion of the Information Security Management System Standard ISO/IEC 27001: Exploring the Role of Culture</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In the wake of digitalization, organizations are increasingly exposed to risks associated with security breaches and must take measures to preserve the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information, and to ensure business continuity. The international standard ISO/IEC 27001 assists organizations in setting up, maintaining and continuously improving their information security management systems. However, despite high growth rates, its international diffusion rates are quite heterogeneous. This paper explores why the diffusion of the international management system standard ISO/IEC 27001 differs across countries. We classify the adoption of ISO/IEC 27001 as a ‘preventive organizational innovation’ and draw from diffusion studies of other management system standards and information security research to develop a set of hypotheses. These relate to the impact of cultural dimensions and national ICT development. We use a negative binomial regression model with panel data covering 57 countries over a 12-year period from 2006 to 2017 to test our hypotheses. We find that the cultural dimensions future orientation, power distance, and institutional collectivism as well as high ICT development are driving factors for the diffusion of ISO/IEC 27001. We derive policy recommendations and avenues for future research.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">AIS Electronic Library (AISeL)</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Twenty-Eighth European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS2020) – A Virtual AIS Conference</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
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    <author>Mona Mirtsch</author>
    <author>Jakob Pohlisch</author>
    <author>K. Blind</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Information security</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>International diffusion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Standards</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Management system standards</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ISO/IEC 27001</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Preventive innovations</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Culture</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>GLOBE</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ICT development index</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">S Qualitätsinfrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">S.2 Digitalisierung der Qualitätsinfrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50921</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
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    <title language="eng">International Diffusion of the Information Security Management System Standard ISO/IEC 27001: Exploring the role of culture</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In the wake of digitalization, organizations are increasingly exposed to risks associated with security breaches and must take measures to preserve the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information, and to ensure business continuity. The international standard ISO/IEC 27001 assists organizations in setting up, maintaining and continuously improving their information security management systems. However, despite high growth rates, its international diffusion rates are quite heterogeneous. This paper explores why the diffusion of the international management system standard ISO/IEC 27001 differs across countries. We classify the adoption of ISO/IEC 27001 as a ‘preventive organizational innovation’ and draw from diffusion studies of other management system standards and information security research to develop a set of hypotheses. These relate to the impact of cultural dimensions and national ICT development. We use a negative binomial regression model with panel data covering 57 countries over a 12-year period from 2006 to 2017 to test our hypotheses. We find that the cultural dimensions future orientation, power distance, and institutional collectivism as well as high ICT development are driving factors for the diffusion of ISO/IEC 27001. We derive policy recommendations and avenues for future research.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Twenty-Eighth European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS2020) – A Virtual AIS Conference</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">15.06.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">17.06.2020</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Mona Mirtsch</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Information security</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>International diffusion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Standards</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Management system standards</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ISO/IEC 27001</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Preventive innovations</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Culture</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>GLOBE</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ICT development index</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">S Qualitätsinfrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">S.2 Digitalisierung der Qualitätsinfrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51251</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">EA-HHC - Analysis of the operation of accreditation bodies - Results of the 2nd round</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In 2019 the German federal institute Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und –prüfung (BAM) conducted a benchmarking to compare the operations of European accreditation bodies and to identify best practices, with the aim of improving key processes in accreditation. Ten European accreditation bodies attended the comparison, four of which had already taken part in the pilot phase of the benchmarking project, which was conducted in 2017 by the German accreditation body Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle GmbH (DAkkS) and the BAM.&#13;
The study, designed to examine and compare the operation of accreditation bodies in Europe, used a management tool called Process Maturity Benchmarking Tool, which was especially elaborated and validated for this purpose in the pilot phase, in order to determine the values of indicators, thus enabling a comparison of the accreditation bodies despite different operational processes and organizational forms. The management tool is based on the analysis of selected processes with high relevance for the operation of accreditation bodies. The processes are derived from a process map designed for accreditation bodies in a universally applicable way. The indicators used to characterize the processes come from two sources: The first source relates to data already available from internal databases, reports, financial audits, and others. The second source is derived from the self-evaluation of process maturity performed by the accreditation bodies. The criteria for evaluating process maturities were designed by applying the criteria of the EFQM excellence model 2013 of the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) to the processes identified in the process map. &#13;
The results of the analysis were presented to and discussed with representatives of the ten accreditation bodies at a Results-Workshop that took place at BAM on 21/22 January 2020. &#13;
 In this presentation a wrap-up of the results was given to the HHC of EA</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Tagung des HHC (horizontal harmonization committee) der EA (European co-operation for accreditation) (virtuelles Meeting per MS-Teams, ca. 55 Teilnehmer)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">15.09.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">16.09.2020</enrichment>
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    <author>Tilman Denkler</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Accreditation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Benchmarking</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">S Qualitätsinfrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">S.2 Digitalisierung der Qualitätsinfrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51328</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>87</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>100</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>68</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Exploring the Adoption of the International Information Security Management System Standard ISO/IEC 27001: A Web Mining-Based Analysis</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In the light of digitalization and recent EU policy initiatives, information is an important asset that organizations of all sizes and from all sectors should secure. However, in order to provide common requirements for the implementation of an information security management system, the internationally well-accepted ISO/IEC 27001 standard has not shown the expected growth rate since its publication more than a decade ago.In this article, we apply web mining to explore the adoption of ISO/IEC 27001 through a series of 2664 out of more than 900 000 German firms from the Mannheim Enterprise Panel dataset that refers to this standard on their websites. As a result, we present a “landscape” of ISO/IEC 27001 in Germany, which shows that firms not only seek certifications themselves but often refer on their websites to partners who are certified instead. Consequently, we estimate a probit model and find that larger and more innovative firms are more likely to be certified to ISO/IEC 27001 and that almost half of all certified firms belong to the information and communications technology (ICT) service sector. Based on our findings, we derive implications for policymakers and management and critically assess the suitability of web mining to explore the adoption of management system standards.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1109/TEM.2020.2977815</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-513284</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">04.01.2021</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Mona Mirtsch</author>
    <author>J. Kinne</author>
    <author>K. Blind</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Adoption</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Information security</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Management system standards</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Standards</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Web mining</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">S Qualitätsinfrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">S.2 Digitalisierung der Qualitätsinfrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/51328/IEEE_Mirtsch_et_al._2021.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51431</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Nutzung und Wirkung von (zertifizierten) Managementsystemen – aktuelle Erkenntnisse</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Ergebnisvorstellung im mitgliederexklusiven Webinar der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Qualität - DGQ zur Nutzung und Wirkung von genormten Managementsystemen als die erste Erhebung im Rahmen von QI-FoKuS. Neben der Motivation hinsichtlich der Anwendung verschiedener Normen, die Anforderungen an Managementsysteme darlegen, sowie den Wirkungen werden insbesondere die Zertifizierung für diese Normen sowie daran anknüpfend die Rolle und Funktion der Akkreditierung – und somit verschiedene Bausteine der QI – adressiert.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Mitgliederexklusives Webinar</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">15.10.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Mona Mirtsch</author>
    <author>Claudia Koch</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Management Systeme</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>QI-FoKuS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ISO 9001</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ISO/IEC 27001</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Zertifizierung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kundenaudit</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Konformitätsbewertung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Akkreditierung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">S Qualitätsinfrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">S.2 Digitalisierung der Qualitätsinfrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>53215</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
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    <edition/>
    <issue/>
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    <type>lecture</type>
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    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">An Analysis of the Three Knowledge and Technology Transfer Channels: Publications, Patents, Standards – The Case of Hydrogen Technology</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Climate change and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions pose tremendous challenges to policymakers, the economy, and society. In this context, the development of clean, low-emission technologies plays a crucial role in mitigating the negative impact of fossil fuels on the climate. Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier and fuel that, thanks to its versatility, can be used in many applications. However, the adoption of hydrogen technology requires sufficient trust in its safety. To proxy the development of hydrogen safety innovations, we provide an analysis along the three knowledge and technology transfer channels of publications, patents, and standards. Our results show that research on hydrogen safety has increased significantly in the last decades, with hydrogen safety patents experiencing a general upward trend between 1980 and 2020, just recently decreasing. However, an analysis of almost 100 international hydrogen and fuel cell standards  shows only a small number of references to scientific publications. This apparently limited transfer of knowledge from publications points to the need to optimize the coordination of the three knowledge and technology transfer channels for the future development of hydrogen technology. Based on the exploration of this gap, we recommend that research on the three channels for hydrogen be intensified and that the impact of hydrogen safety technology research and development on their diffusion be investigated.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">25th EURAS Annual Standardisation Conference – Standardisation and Innovation</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">06.09.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">08.09.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Parsa Asna Ashari</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen Standards</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fuel Cells</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Knowledge and Technology Transfer</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Publications</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Patents</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Standards</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Safety</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">S Qualitätsinfrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">S.2 Digitalisierung der Qualitätsinfrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51975</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>ita</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>22</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>other</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace>Rom, Italien</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Accredia</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="ita">Effetti della pandemia COVID-19 sulle attività di valutazione della conformità svolte da organismi e laboratori accreditati in Italia</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die Studie fasst Ergebnisse einer Befragung von Konformitätsbewertungsstellen in Italien zu deren Lage und den Aussichten während der Corona-Pandemie zusammen. Besondere Schwerpunkte wurden auf die wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen und die Arbeitsfähigkeit, aber auch auf die Resilienz und die Wirkungen auf die Digitalisierung gelegt.</abstract>
    <abstract language="ita">Lo scoppio della pandemia da Covid-19 ha travolto Italia a inizio anno e i suoi effetti sull’economia sono stati particolarmente pesanti. &#13;
Proprio per analizzare gli effetti della pandemia sul mercato della valutazione della conformità, lo scorso settembre Accredia, in collaborazione con l’Istituto Federale tedesco della Ricerca e del Collaudo dei Materiali (BAM), la Technische Universität di Berlino e l’Istituto Fraunhofer ISI, ha condotto un’indagine presso gli organismi e i laboratori accreditati in Italia.</abstract>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.accredia.it/pubblicazione/corona-monitor-effetti-della-pandemia-da-covid-19-sulle-attivita-accreditate/</identifier>
    <author>A. Nisi</author>
    <author>Claudia Koch</author>
    <author>Mona Mirtsch</author>
    <author>K. Blind</author>
    <subject>
      <language>ita</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corona</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Konformitätsbewertungsstellen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Resilienz</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>ita</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>COVID-19</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Qualitätsinfrastruktur</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Zertifizierung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kalibrierung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Digitalisierung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
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    <title language="eng">An Analysis of the Three Knowledge and Technology Transfer Channels: Publications, Patents, Standards – The Case of Hydrogen Technology</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Climate change and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions pose tremendous challenges to policymakers, the economy, and society. In this context, the development of clean, low-emission technologies plays a crucial role in mitigating the negative impact of fossil fuels on the climate. Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier and fuel that, thanks to its versatility, can be used in many applications. However, the adoption of hydrogen technology requires sufficient trust in its safety. To proxy the development of hydrogen safety innovations, we provide an analysis along the three knowledge and technology transfer channels of publications, patents, and standards. Our results show that research on hydrogen safety has increased significantly in the last decades, with hydrogen safety patents experiencing a general upward trend between 1980 and 2020, just recently decreasing. However, an analysis of almost 100 international hydrogen and fuel cell standards  shows only a small number of references to scientific publications. This apparently limited transfer of knowledge from publications points to the need to optimize the coordination of the three knowledge and technology transfer channels for the future development of hydrogen technology. Based on the exploration of this gap, we recommend that research on the three channels for hydrogen be intensified and that the impact of hydrogen safety technology research and development on their diffusion be investigated.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Joint Proceedings EURAS 2021 - Standardisation and Innovation SIIT 2021 The Past, Present and Future of ICT Standardisation</parentTitle>
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    <author>Parsa Asna Ashari</author>
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      <value>Safety</value>
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    <title language="eng">Accreditation in Europe: Benchmarking the operations of European accreditation bodies using an innovative management tool</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Accreditation is one of the pillars of a national Quality Infrastructure, as the competence of conformity assessment bodies is assured through accreditation performed by accreditation bodies. To compare the operation of accreditation bodies in Europe and to identify best practices, a management tool, the Process Maturity Benchmarking Tool, was developed and validated by applying it to European accreditation bodies. The benchmarking project comprised two major phases: In the first phase, the processes of accreditation bodies were systematically analyzed. A process map was developed, and processes of special relevance were identified and underpinned by indicators. In the second phase, the practical applicability of the theoretical model was demonstrated by analyzing the processes of eight European accreditation bodies. The results of this comparative assessment were subsequently discussed in a workshop with experts from those accreditation bodies, giving the opportunity to identify best practices.&#13;
This article has a twofold objective. First, to present a method to benchmark European accreditation bodies, based on the European Foundation for Quality Management excellence model. The successful application of the Process Maturity Benchmarking Tool gives evidence that it is a suitable and capable management tool to assess the processes of the European accreditation bodies and to benchmark them. Second, the article presents the results of the first adaption of the Process Maturity Benchmarking Tool. A general trend of process maturity was identified: While processes based on stakeholder involvement tend to have an overall lower maturity on average, internal processes are more mature.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Accreditation and Quality Assurance</parentTitle>
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    <author>Tilman Denkler</author>
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      <value>Quality Infrastructure</value>
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      <value>EFQM Excellence Modell</value>
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      <value>Total Quality Management</value>
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      <value>Akkreditierung</value>
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    <title language="eng">Knowledge and Technology Transfer via Publications, Patents, and Standards - The Case of Hydrogen Technology</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Climate change and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions pose tremendous challenges to policymakers, the economy, and society. In this context, the development of clean, low-emission technologies plays a crucial role in mitigating the negative impact of fossil fuels on the climate. Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier and fuel that, thanks to its versatility, can be used in many applications. However, the adoption of hydrogen technology requires sufficient trust in its safety. To proxy the development of hydrogen safety innovations, we provide an analysis along the three knowledge and technology transfer channels of publications, patents, and standards. Our results show that research on hydrogen safety has increased significantly in the last decades, with hydrogen safety patents experiencing a general upward trend between 1980 and 2020, just recently decreasing. However, an analysis of almost 100 international hydrogen and fuel cell standards  shows only a small number of references to scientific publications. This apparently limited transfer of knowledge from publications points to the need to optimize the coordination of the three knowledge and technology transfer channels for the future development of hydrogen technology. Based on the exploration of this gap, we recommend that research on the three channels for hydrogen be intensified and that the impact of hydrogen safety technology research and development on their diffusion be investigated.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">The Impact of Publications, Patents, and Standards on International Trade - The Case of Hydrogen</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Hydrogen as a clean energy carrier has received increased attention due to climate change and the need to introduce new, low-emissions technologies to the market. However, the drivers of increased hydrogen use have been barely explored. Therefore, this research paper investigates the impacts of publications, patents, and standards on international hydrogen trade, an established technology diffusion channel. In a fixed-effects (FE) regression model covering 37 countries between 1995 and 2020, we demonstrate that publications, patents, and standards are associated with increased levels of hydrogen exports and imports. Furthermore, we test the technology gap theory and explore the meaning of our empirical results for the hydrogen technological innovation system (TIS). Among others, we show that publications, patents, and standards can contribute to a more developed hydrogen TIS.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">EURAS Proceedings 2022 - Standardisation and Open Source</parentTitle>
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    <title language="eng">The Impact of Publications, Patents, and Standards on International Trade - The Case of Hydrogen</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Hydrogen as a clean energy carrier has received increased attention due to climate change and the need to introduce new, low-emissions technologies to the market. However, the drivers of increased hydrogen use have been barely explored. Therefore, this research paper investigates the impacts of publications, patents, and standards on international hydrogen trade, an established technology diffusion channel. In a fixed-effects (FE) regression model covering 37 countries between 1995 and 2020, we demonstrate that publications, patents, and standards are associated with increased levels of hydrogen exports and imports. Furthermore, we test the technology gap theory and explore the meaning of our empirical results for the hydrogen technological innovation system (TIS). Among others, we show that publications, patents, and standards can contribute to a more developed hydrogen TIS.</abstract>
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