<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>52792</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1656</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1667</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>10</issue>
    <volume>71</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Application limits and sensitisation behaviour of the manganese- and nitrogen-alloyed austenitic stainless steel P2000 (X13CrMnMoN18-14-3)</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Nickel‐free high‐nitrogen‐alloyed stainless steels like the P2000 (X13CrMnMoN18‐14‐3) were developed to enhance the strength and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels like 304 and 316 while keeping the typical high ductility. The mechanical and corrosive properties of P2000 were investigated and compared with 304 and 316 to highlight the application opportunities of this new alloy. The microstructure of the solution‐annealed condition was characterised by electron backscatter diffraction and the mechanical properties were studied by uniaxial tensile tests, Charpy impact tests and hardness measurements. The passivation behaviour was analysed using the electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation, whereas the pitting corrosion resistance was compared by pitting potentials and pitting temperatures. However, secondary thermal influences or suboptimal heat treatment can impair the corrosion resistance due to the precipitation of secondary phases and the resulting sensitisation. Thermodynamic calculations and artificial ageing treatment in the range of 500–900°C for up to 100 h were used to determine critical time–temperature parameters for sensitisation. The microstructure of the various aged states was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and compared with the degrading corrosion resistance characterised by the KorroPad method.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and Corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/maco.202112450</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-527925</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">10.06.2021</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Norman Kauss</author>
    <author>A. Heyn</author>
    <author>O. Michael</author>
    <author>M. Schymura</author>
    <author>P. Rosemann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Austenitic stainless steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electrochemical methods</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High‐nitrogen steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mechanical properties</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion resistance</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/52792/maco.202112450.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54300</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>14</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>114</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>New York, NY</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Towards defining reasonable minimum composition thresholds – Impacts of variable CO2 stream compositions on transport, injection and storage</title>
    <abstract language="eng">To set up recommendations on how to define “reasonable minimum composition thresholds” for CO2 streams to access CO2 pipeline networks, we investigated potential impacts of CO2 streams with different and temporally variable compositions and mass flow rates along the CCS chain. All investigations were based on a generic “CCS cluster scenario” in which CO2 streams captured from a spatial cluster of eleven emitters (seven fossil-fired power plants, two cement plants, one refinery and one steel mill) are collected in a regional pipeline network. The resulting CO2 stream (19.78 Mio t impure CO2 per year) is transported in a trunk line (onshore and offshore) and injected into five generic replicate storage structures (Buntsandstein saline aquifers) offshore. Experimental investigations and modeling of selected impacts revealed beneficial as well as adverse impacts of different impurities and their combinations. Overall, no fundamental technical obstacles for transporting, injecting and storing CO2 streams of the considered variable compositions and mass flow rates were observed. We recommend to define minimum composition thresholds for each specific CCS project through limiting &#13;
i) the overall CO2 content, &#13;
ii) maximum contents of relevant impurities or elements, &#13;
iii) acceptable variability of concentrations of critical impurities, and defining impurity combinations to be avoided.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">International journal of greenhouse gas control</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1750-5836</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.ijggc.2022.103589</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-543004</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">02.05.2022</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>H. Rütters</author>
    <author>S. Fischer</author>
    <author>Quynh Hoa Le</author>
    <author>Dirk Bettge</author>
    <author>Ralph Bäßler</author>
    <author>J. Maßmann</author>
    <author>C. Ostertag-Henning</author>
    <author>J. L. Wolf</author>
    <author>M. Pumpa</author>
    <author>U. Lubenau</author>
    <author>S. Knauer</author>
    <author>P. Jaeger</author>
    <author>A. Neumann</author>
    <author>K. Svensson</author>
    <author>H. Pöllmann</author>
    <author>C. Lempp</author>
    <author>F. F. Menezes</author>
    <author>B. Hagemann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Impurities</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CO2 quality</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pipeline network</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Whole-chain CCS scenario</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Recommendations</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5 Werkstofftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.1 Mikrostruktur Design und Degradation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/54300/doi10_1016_j_ijggc_2022_103589.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56794</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>11</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Taylor &amp; Francis Group</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>London</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Impact-based classification of extreme rainfall events using a simplified overland flow model</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this study, we present a new rainfall classification method based on the potential of individual rainstorm events to generate and sustain overland flow on a simplified urban model surface. Conventional rainfall classification approaches using peak intensities or rainfall sums can lead to mis-judgements of the impact of rainfall events, as they do not explicitly consider the potential of rain to generate and sustain substantial amounts of overland flow on typical sealed urban surfaces. The new method of impact-based rainfall classification proposed here comprises three steps: Identification of rainfall events from high-resolution time series, computation of overland flow depths for each event, and impact-based classification of rainfall events as a function of the magnitude of overland flow. The accuracy of this approach was evaluated by its ability to describe seasonal and annual occurrences of and variations in rainstorm impacts for high-resolution series at three different urban stations in Germany.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Urban Water Journal</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1080/1573062X.2022.2164731</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">30.01.2023</enrichment>
    <author>Nasrin Haacke</author>
    <author>E. Paton</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Flow depth</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Impact assessment</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Overland flow</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Urban flooding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Rainfall classification</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54301</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>14</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Electrochemical corrosion investigations on binary and ternary zinc alloy coatings using gel electrolytes</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Novel agar-based test electrolytes are used to perform electrochemical corrosion investigations on ZnFe and ZnNi binary as well as ZnFeMo ternary zinc coatings. The objectives of the electrochemical investigations include the characterization of the corrosion behavior, the description of the protective effect of the coatings as well as the investigation of the layer formation and degradation under artificial aging. ZnFe and ZnFeMo coatings are applied with varying iron content as well as an additional passivation layer, respectively, to study the effect on corrosion resistance. The results show that the protective effect of the coatings is not negatively influenced by different iron contents or the addition of molybdenum. Additional passivation of the ZnFe-containing coatings by means of a passivating agent leads to a significant improvement in the protective effect. Artificial aging leads to slight degradation of the additional passivation layer whereas coatings without post-treatment enhance their protective effect by the formation of corrosion product layers.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Advanced engineering materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1438-1656</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/adem.202101336</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-543013</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">21.02.2022</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Martin Babutzka</author>
    <author>Sven Grabowski</author>
    <author>H. Sahrhage</author>
    <author>T. Lampke</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Binary zinc alloys</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ternary zinc alloys</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gel electrolytes</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt-Material-Interaktionen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/54301/AEM_Babutzka_final.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56509</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>15</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Field exposure study under sheltered and open exposure conditions at different test sites in Germany: First‐year corrosion rate and atmospheric corrosivity</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The corrosivity of atmospheres in Europe has changed significantly in recent decades. For the Federal Republic of Germany, no current values for the corrosion rate based on 1‐year atmospheric exposure of standard specimens can be found in the scientific literature after 2000. This paper presents results from a field exposure study in the Berlin metropolitan area and Helgoland in 2016. Based on standard specimens, values for the corrosion rate and the corresponding atmospheric corrosivity category are determined for open exposure and indirect weathering in a ventilated enclosure as sheltering after 1 year of exposure. The results prove that determined corrosivity categories are material‐specific. Sheltered exposure is a typical atmospheric situation for many building components. It allows statements on the effect of the concentration of airborne substances on the corrosivity beyond the normative requirements.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and Corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0947-5117 (print)</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1521-4176 (online)</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/maco.202213582</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-565099</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">28.11.2022</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Martin Babutzka</author>
    <author>Jens Lehmann</author>
    <author>Andreas Burkert</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Atmospheric corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosivity category</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ISO 9223</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mass loss</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Atmosphärische Korrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt-Material-Interaktionen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/56509/Mater Corros_2022_Babutzka.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50652</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>424</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>435</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <volume>76</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Nace International</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Houston</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Susceptibility of 304 Stainless Steel to Crevice Corrosion in Electrochemically Active Fluids</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The susceptibility of Type 304 stainless steel (SS) to crevice corrosion upon contacting with electrochemically active fluids was investigated using exposure tests and stepwise potentiostatic polarization. Crevice materials made of 304 SS and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) were focused on in this study. The combined influence of oxidant and chloride concentration on crevice corrosion was examined in detail in the two types of crevice combinations (304 SS-to-PEEK and 304 SS-to-304 SS). The 304 SS specimens were strongly susceptible to crevice corrosion when coupled with 304 SS. Even at a low concentration of 5 mg/L free chlorine and 150 mg/L chloride, which is below nominal dilutions in beverage industries, the examined specimens underwent crevice corrosion in both crevices. The effect of water composition on crevice corrosion was also studied, indicating high susceptibility of 304 SS to crevice corrosion in low pH (pH ≤ 5) solutions. The corroded surface morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive x-ray, and confocal.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.5006/3324</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0010-9312</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">15.04.2020</enrichment>
    <author>Johann Wilhelm Erning</author>
    <author>A. Kamaraj</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Crevice corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Disinfectants</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Stainless steel</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59873</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1506</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1518</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>75</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley‐VCH GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Stress corrosion tests for prestressing steels—Part 1: The influence of surface condition and test solution composition on hydrogen charging</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Tests for assessing prestressing steels' susceptibility to hydrogen‐induced stress corrosion cracking are essential for approvals, in‐house monitoring, and third‐party material testing. According to ISO 15630‐3, the time to brittle fracture by constant load under corrosive conditions in thiocyanate test solutions (A or B) at 50°C is measured. In the literature, a high scattering in stress corrosion tests is reported, which questions the integrity of the test procedure. This paper shows the results of studies about the influence of solution composition on hydrogen charging in electrochemical and permeation measurements. Electrochemical experiments show that polished steel surfaces without common drawing layers have more consistent free corrosion currents, polarization resistances, and B‐values in solution A with low scattering compared to the solution B experiments. The influence of temperature at 50°C and an ambient temperature of 22°C was also tested.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and Corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/maco.202313948</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-598738</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">18.11.2024</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Lando Seifert</author>
    <author>Andreas Grunewald</author>
    <author>Thoralf Müller</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Drawing layers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen‐induced stress corrosion cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Permeation measurements</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Prestressing steels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Stress corrosion tests</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface conditions</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Test solutions</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Verkehrsinfrastrukturen</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/59873/MACO_2024_Seifert_Part_1.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>63411</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>526</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>536</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>7</issue>
    <volume>120</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einsturz der Carolabrücke in Dresden Teil 1</title>
    <title language="eng">Collapse of the Carola Bridge in Dresden Part 1: From theambitious design to the tragic partial collapse</title>
    <abstract language="deu">AbstraktDer 11. September 2024 wird nicht nur der Brückenbaucommunity in Deutschland in Erinnerung bleiben. Der Teileinsturz einer Spannbetonbrücke ohne Vorankündigung schlug berechtigterweise gesamtgesellschaftlich hohe Wellen. Betroffen war die Dresdner Carolabrücke – ein ästhetisches und ausgesprochen schlankes Bauwerk, welches in der Fachwelt zurecht als eine Ikone der Ingenieurbaukunst ihrer Zeit angesehen wird. Die Konstruktion sowie der Bau wären auch unter den heutigen Möglichkeiten eine Herausforderung. Der vorliegende Teil 1 des Beitrags fasst die Entstehungsgeschichte, die Konstruktion selbst und den Bau der Brücke zusammen. Es werden die Maßnahmen zur Instandhaltung und Sanierung der Brücke vorgestellt. In einem Teil 2 wird der Versuch der Rekonstruktion des Einsturzvorgangs unternommen und die Suche nach der Einsturzursache beschrieben. Zudem wird auf das aktuelle Monitoring eingegangen und ein Ausblick auf das mögliche weitere Vorgehen gegeben.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Beton- und Stahlbetonbau</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0005-9900</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/best.202500029</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefLicence">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_import_origin">crossref</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">doi-import</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">30.06.2025</enrichment>
    <author>S. Marx</author>
    <author>S. Scheerer</author>
    <author>G. Schacht</author>
    <author>M. Fiedler</author>
    <author>R. Ritter</author>
    <author>L. Clages</author>
    <author>C. Voigt</author>
    <author>D. Czeschka</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>G. Marzahn</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Korrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spannungsrisskorrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spannstahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wasserstoff</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Verkehrsinfrastrukturen</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50799</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>7</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>97</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Risiko der Wasserstoffentwicklung an martensitischen Schraubankern unter baupraktischen Bedingungen</title>
    <title language="eng">Risk of hydrogen evolution on martensitic screw anchors under practical construction conditions</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die vorliegende Untersuchung beschäftigt sich mit der Fragestellung, ob unter praxisrelevanten Bedingungen die Entstehung von Wasserstoff an vollmartensitischen Schraubankern möglich ist. Im Gegensatz zu austenitischen Werkstoffen besteht bei martensitischen Werkstoffen bei Gegenwart von Wasserstoff stets die Möglichkeit einer wasserstoffinduzierten Versprödung des Materials. Hierfür wurde ein in der Praxis häufig anzutreffendes Szenario gewählt, das ein galvanisches Element, bestehend aus nichtrostenden Schraubankern (in diesem Fall martensitischen) und einer verzinkten Ankerplatte an einem Betonkörper, umfasst. Zum Nachweis einer Wasserstoffentwicklung werden der Elementstrom zwischen den Bauteilen sowie das Korrosionspotential erfasst. Die Ergebnisse der Versuche zeigen, dass über eine zeitlich begrenzte Dauer eine starke kathodische Polarisation der martensitischen Schraubanker durch die korrosive Auflösung des Zinks erfolgt. Als Folge kommt es zur Wasserzersetzung im Phasengrenzbereich der Schraubanker und zur Entstehung von atomarem Wasserstoff. Das berechnete Gasvolumen des entstandenen Wasserstoffs an den Stahlankern wurde bestimmt und lag im Mittel bei 11,14 ± 1,94 ml. Eine Diffusion des an der Stahloberfläche adsorbierten Wasserstoffs in den martensitischen Werkstoff ist somit theoretisch möglich und impliziert eine mögliche Gefährdung durch wasserstoffinduzierte Rissbildung und spontanes Versagen unter Belastung.</abstract>
    <abstract language="eng">The present investigation deals with the question of whether the formation of hydrogen is possible on fully martensitic screw anchors under practical conditions. In contrast to austenitic materials, martensitic steels always have the possibility of hydrogen-induced embrittlement of the material in the presence of hydrogen. For this purpose, a scenario was chosen which is frequently encountered in practice and which comprises a galvanic element consisting of stainless screw anchors (in this case martensitic) and a galvanized anchor plate on a concrete body. The element current between the components as well as the corrosion potential are recorded to prove hydrogen development. The results of the tests show that a strong cathodic polarization of the martensitic screw anchors occurs over a limited period due to the corrosive dissolution of the zinc. As a result, water decomposition occurs in the phase boundary area of the screw anchors and atomic hydrogen is formed. The calculated gas volume of the resulting hydrogen at the steel anchors was determined and was 11.14 +/- 1.94 ml on average. Diffusion of the hydrogen adsorbed on the steel surface into the martensitic material is thus theoretically possible and implies a possible risk of hydrogen-induced crack formation and spontaneous failure under load.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Bautechnik</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/bate.202000017</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0932-8351</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1437-0999</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">03.06.2020</enrichment>
    <author>Thoralf Müller</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>Andreas Burkert</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Martensit</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wasserstoff</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Versprödung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Beton</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Korrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52605</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>138191</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>385</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Determination of the corrosion product layer resistance on zinc and electrolytically galvanized steel samples by using gel electrolytes</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Although zinc and zinc coatings have been widely used for corrosion protection for decades new zinc coatings are constantly being developed. Characterizing the corrosion protectiveness of these new coatings, however, should not be underestimated. While exposure tests are time intensive, cyclic tests can only be used for a very limited field of application. Thus, electrochemical measurements provide both an efficient and an effective alternative. Conventional aqueous bulk electrolytes influence the surface layers of a tested zinc coating and are therefore not reliable. Gel electrolytes, however, have evolved over the last few years, are minimally invasive and provide reliable results.&#13;
&#13;
This work describes experiments with gel electrolytes made of agar. Unlike previous work, it proposes a composition of gel electrolyte for minimally invasive description of the protective power of naturally formed oxide layers on zinc and zinc coatings. Therefore, as a first part, the gel electrolyte made of agar is verified as a method for zinc and zinc-coated samples. Afterwards, this paper introduces the corrosion product layer resistance RL as a promising parameter to evaluate the protective power of zinc coatings. Results are verified with EIS and FTIR measurements. An example on a representative zinc coating demonstrates the practical application.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Electrochimica Acta</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0013-4686</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138191</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-526053</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">05.07.2021</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Svenja Valet</author>
    <author>Andreas Burkert</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>Martin Babutzka</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gel electrolytes</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Agar</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Zinc coatings</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Atmospheric exposure</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/52605/Valet_Electrochimica Acta.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>63054</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>12</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Results of a Round Robin Test for the Determination of Polarization Resistances on Differently Weathered Zinc Samples Using Gel Electrolytes</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This article presents the results of a round robin test throughout Germany with 19 participating institutions. Corrosion productlayer resistances (RL ) were determined on two differently weathered pure zinc samples and a sample activated with NaOH bymeans of electrochemical measurement of the linear polarization resistance (LPR) using agar‐based gel electrolytes. The roundrobin test was organized by the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und ‐prüfung (BAM) in Berlin. The measurements werecarried out by the participants in the period from May to July 2021. The results are summarized in this article comprising anassessment of the reproducibility and repeatability of the measurements. The methodology is suitable for distinguishing zincsurfaces after exposure to different atmospheres based on the corrosion product layer resistances (RL). In addition, possibleproblems in the application of the method were identified, and solutions for improving reproducibility and repeatability arediscussed. The results and knowledge from the round robin test are incorporated into a new test standard (DIN 50023:2024‐07)for this measurement method</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and Corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/maco.202414696</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1521-4176</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-630546</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_data">&lt;div class="errorPage"&gt;    &lt;h2&gt;Anwendungsfehler&lt;/h2&gt;        &lt;div class="exceptionMessage"&gt;        Unable to Connect to ssl://api.crossref.org:443. Error #110: Connection timed out    &lt;/div&gt;        &lt;/div&gt;</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">07.05.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>A. Heyn</author>
    <author>Stefan Kotula</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>M. Babutzka</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/63054/MAtco 2025.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>58098</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>9</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley VHC-Verlag</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Corrosion monitoring of reinforced concrete structures:The DGZfP specification B12 Collaboration</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Corrosion monitoring of reinforced or prestressed concrete structures has becomeincreasingly important in recent years. Areas of application include componentsthat  are  no  longer  accessible  after  completion  or  where  potential  fieldmeasurements cannot be carried out due to existing coatings. Corrosion monitoringcan also be used to monitor the progress of corrosion in corroding systems, e.g. to prove the success of repair measures according to repair principle 8 in accordancewith EN 1504‐9 or repair method 8.3 in accordance with the DIBt repair guideline.It also could be used to prove the functionality of cathodic corrosion protectionsystems in accordance with ISO 12696. Despite the increasing importance ofcorrosion monitoring, no guidelines orrecommendations existed until 2018. Thisgap was closed by the English version of specification B12,“Corrosion Monitoringof Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Structures,”of the German Society for Non‐Destructive Testing, which was published in 2021. This article introducesspecification B12 by explaining the basicmeasurement principles and illustratingthe potential of corrosion monitoring in new and existing buildings.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and Corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/maco.202313934</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0947-5117</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-580982</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">04.09.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PaperofMonth">1</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>T. F. Mayer</author>
    <author>J. Harnisch</author>
    <author>Ch. Dauberschmidt</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Monitoring</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/58098/Materials   Corrosion - 2023 - Ebell.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54485</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>222</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>230</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>99</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Ernst &amp; Sohn</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Überwachung der Brücke am Altstädter Bahnhof</title>
    <title language="eng">Monitoring of the bridge at the Altstadter Bahnhof in Brandenburg a. d. Havel</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die B 1-Brücke am Altstädter Bahnhof war der wichtigste Verkehrsknotenpunkt in Brandenburg an der Havel. Im Dezember 2019 wurden die überführte Bundesstraße und die Straßenbahnlinie für den Verkehr gesperrt. Grund für die Sperrung war eine einsetzende Rissbildung in den Längsträgerstegen in Verbindung mit Hohlstellen, die letztlich auf gerissene Spanndrähte zurückgeführt werden. Um eine Sperrung der hoch frequentierten unterführten Verkehrswege zu verhindern, wurde ein umfangreiches Überwachungskonzept erforderlich. Wesentlicher Bestandteil dieses Konzepts war ein auf der Schallemissionsanalyse basierendes Monitoringsystem, mit dessen Hilfe Spanndrahtbrüche aufgezeichnet und lokalisiert werden konnten. Auf Grundlage der so gewonnenen Ergebnisse konnten Schwerpunkte für die Bauwerksprüfung abgeleitet werden. In diesem Bericht werden die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse zum messtechnisch erfassten Schadensfortschritt und den damit verbundenen visuell festgestellten Schäden beschrieben. Dabei werden die Besonderheit des verbauten konzentrierten Spannglieds (Spannblockverfahren nach TGL 173-33) und des Spannstahls in Bezug auf die Schadensbilder dargestellt. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse sollten bei der Beurteilung anderer Bauwerke mit vergleichbarer Bauart berücksichtigt werden.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Bautechnik</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/bate.202200008</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0932-8351</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">21.03.2022</enrichment>
    <author>F. Kaplan</author>
    <author>O. Steinbock</author>
    <author>K. Saloga</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>S. Schmidt</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Korrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spannstahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spannungsrisskorrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55329</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>572</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>580</pageLast>
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    <title language="deu">Erfahrungen aus dem Rückbau der Brücke am Altstädter Bahnhof in der Stadt Brandenburg</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Bei der Brücke Altstädter Bahnhof handelte es sich um eine große Spannbetonkonstruktion, die einen elementaren Ver­kehrsknotenpunkt in der Stadt Brandenburg an der Havel bil­dete. Entgegen üblichen Spannbetonkonstruktionen mit kleinen Bündelspanngliedern kamen beim Haupttragwerk in Längsrich­tung großformatige Spannblockspannglieder zum Einsatz. Im Fall der vorliegenden Brücke setzte sich das Spannglied aus 392 ovalen Einzeldrähten aus Hennigsdorfer Produktion zusam­men, welche als spannungsrisskorrosionsgefährdet gelten. Bei Bauwerkserkundungen wurde ein hoher Versprödungsgrad der Spannstähle festgestellt, sodass die Brücke am 19.05.2021 ge­sprengt werden musste. Zuvor traten im Bereich detektierter Spanndrahtbrüche von außen erkennbare Längsrisse in den Stegen anstatt von üblicherweise quer gerichteten Biegerissen an der gezogenen Randfaser auf. Die abweichende Schadens­äußerung im Falle einer Spannstahlschädigung brachte das Bundesministerium für Digitales und Verkehr (BMDV) dazu, weitergehende Untersuchungen durchzuführen. In Zusammen­arbeit mit dem Landesbetrieb Straßenwesen Brandenburg, der Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden sowie der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und ­prüfung (BAM) wur­den experimentelle Untersuchungen in­situ konzipiert und durchgeführt. Im Konkreten wurde an zwei Messstellen eine gezielte Schädigung des großformatigen Spannglieds vorge­nommen, um das zuvor vorgefundene Schadensbild nach­zuvoll ziehen und validieren zu können. Konzept, Ergebnisse aus den Untersuchungen und Erkenntnisse für gleichartig ausge­führte Bauwerke sind Gegenstand des ersten Beitrags (Teil 1). Der zweite Teil [1] wird sich im Schwerpunkt den verwendeten Messverfahren und Monitoringsystemen widmen, welche die Durchführung des Versuchs begleiteten.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Beton- und Stahlbetonbau</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/best.202200051</identifier>
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    <author>O. Steinbock</author>
    <author>T. Bösche</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>F. Kaplan</author>
    <author>G. Marzahn</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Korrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spannungsrisskorrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
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      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spannstahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wasserstoff</value>
    </subject>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
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  <doc>
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    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH</publisherName>
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    <title language="eng">Stress Corrosion Tests for Prestressing Steels—Part 2: Susceptibility of Quenched and Tempered Wires—Influence of Chromium</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Due to the risk of failure in existing prestressed concrete bridges, the assessment of the susceptibility of prestressing steel to hydrogen‐induced stress corrosion cracking will become more important in the future. At present, the used normative ISO 15630‐3 test gives unpersuasive and diverging results using a free corrosion approach for the needed hydrogen charging for stress corrosion cracking initiation. A newly developed test method uses the cathodic polarization to control the supply of electrons for hydrogen charging instead of an uncontrolled and variable supply of electrons by metal dissolution during free corrosion. Experimental data shows a reliable differentiation between highly susceptible known quenched and tempered wires and robust cold‐drawn wires with this new test. A round robin with eight participating testing institutes demonstrated the reproducibility of results testing a cold‐drawn wire batch of St 1470/1670. In contrast to previously reported experience in the literature, the new method ranks the Cr‐alloyed quenched and tempered (“new‐type”) wires as highly‐susceptible as the “old‐type” wires without Cr‐alloy.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and Corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0947-5117</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/maco.70033</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-639735</identifier>
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At present, the used normative ISO 15630\u20103 test gives unpersuasive and diverging results using a free corrosion approach for the needed hydrogen charging for stress corrosion cracking initiation. A newly developed test method uses the cathodic polarization to control the supply of electrons for hydrogen charging instead of an uncontrolled and variable supply of electrons by metal dissolution during free corrosion. Experimental data shows a reliable differentiation between highly susceptible known quenched and tempered wires and robust cold\u2010drawn wires with this new test. A round robin with eight participating testing institutes demonstrated the reproducibility of results testing a cold\u2010drawn wire batch of St 1470\/1670. In contrast to previously reported experience in the literature, the new method ranks the Cr\u2010alloyed quenched and tempered (\u201cnew\u2010type\u201d) wires as highly\u2010susceptible as the \u201cold\u2010type\u201d wires without Cr\u2010alloy.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;","DOI":"10.1002\/maco.70033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T09:01:17Z","timestamp":1756112477000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stress Corrosion Tests for Prestressing Steels\u2014Part 2: Susceptibility of Quenched and Tempered Wires\u2014Influence of Chromium"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3486-9793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lando","family":"Seifert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division 7.6 Corrosion and Corrosion Protection Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und \u2010pr\u00fcfung (BAM) Berlin Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9089-6853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thoralf","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division 7.6 Corrosion and Corrosion Protection Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und \u2010pr\u00fcfung (BAM) Berlin Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2169-1379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk","family":"Bettge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division 5.1 Microstructural Design and Degradation Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und \u2010pr\u00fcfung (BAM) Berlin Germany"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Moersch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ingenieurberatung Dr.\u2010Ing. 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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Lando Seifert</author>
    <author>Thoralf Müller</author>
    <author>Dirk Bettge</author>
    <author>Jörg Moersch</author>
    <author>Bernd Isecke</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cathodic polarization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Chemical composition</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Chromium</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Prestressing steels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Quenched and tempered</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Stress corrosion cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Susceptibility</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wires</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
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    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Verkehrsinfrastrukturen</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
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    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Ernst</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
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    <title language="deu">Innovative Korrosionsprüfung für Beton- und Spannstähle</title>
    <title language="eng">Test methods for corrosion testing of reinforcing and prestressing steels</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Korrosion ist einer der maßgeblichen Schädigungsmechanis-men im Stahlbetonbau und limitiert die Nutzungsdauer vonInfrastrukturbauwerken zum Teil erheblich. Dabei differenziertman zwischen verschiedenen Korrosionsvarianten, Korrosioninfolge Karbonatisierung des Betons, chloridinduzierte Korro-sion an Meerwasserbauwerken oder durch Tausalzbelastungund im Fall von Spannstahlbauwerken kann zusätzlich was-serstoffinduzierte Spannungsrisskorrosion (SpRK) auftreten.Für den Einsatz alternativer Betonstähle wie nichtrostenderBetonstahl gilt es, die Höhe des kritischen korrosionsaus-lösenden Chloridgehalts zu bestimmen. Um diesen für diejeweiligen Betonstähle zu ermitteln, fehlen bislang jedochnormativ geregelte Prüfverfahren. Die Empfindlichkeit vonSpannstählen gegenüber SpRK bedarf gemäß aktueller Nor-mung Langzeit-Auslagerungstests, die eine werkseigeneProduktionskontrolle aufgrund der langen Prüfzeiten nahezuunmöglich machen. Ein neu entwickeltes Prüfverfahren unterAnwendung kathodischer Polarisation, das inzwischen imneusten Entwurf der DIN EN ISO 15630–3 aufgenommenwurde, ermöglicht eine Bewertung der SpRK-Empfindlichkeitfür Spanndrähte innerhalb von 24 Stunden. Die Ergebnissetragen zur Verbesserung der Lebensdauerabschätzung undzur Weiterentwicklung von Normen für korrosionsbeständigeBetonstähle und der Robustheitsbewertung von Spannstählenbei.</abstract>
    <abstract language="eng">Corrosion is a primary damage mechanism in reinforced concrete construction, significantly reducing the service life of infrastructure. A categorisation of corrosion is imperative for the comprehension of the subject. The corrosion of concrete can be attributed to the carbonation process, whilst chloride-induced corrosion is prevalent in structures exposed to seawater or by de-icing salt. Additionaly to the former corrosion processe, prestressing steel structures could be also highly susceptible to hydrogen-induced stress corrosion cracking (SCC). In order to utilise alternative reinforcing steels, such as stainless reinforcing steel, it is necessary to ascertain the level of critical chloride threshold that can induce corrosion. Nevertheless, there is an absence of standardised test methods for determining this for the respective reinforcing steels to date. Acc. to current standardization, the sensitivity of prestressing steels to chromium content necessitates long-term ageing tests, which impede in-house production control due to the extended testing times. However, a newly developed test method using cathodic polarization, which has now been included in the latest draft of DIN EN ISO 15630–3, makes it possible to assess the susceptibility of prestressing steels to corrosion cracking within 24 hours. The results of this study will contribute to the improvement of service life estimation and the further development of standards for corrosion-resistant reinforcing steels and the robustness assessment of prestressing steels.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Beton- und Stahlbetonbau</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/best.202500025</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0005-9900</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1437-1006</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">19.06.2025</enrichment>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>Lando Seifert</author>
    <author>Andreas Burkert</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Korrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spannstahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nichtrostender Betonstahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Prestressing steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Stainless reinforcing steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wasserstoff</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spannungsrisskorrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Lochkorrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Stress corrosion cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pitting corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Verkehrsinfrastrukturen</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50247</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>21</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>31</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>97</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Ernst &amp; Sohn</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Untersuchungen zum korrosionsauslösenden Chloridgehalt an nicht rostendem ferritischem Betonstahl in Mörtel</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der maßgebliche Korrosionsschutz von nicht rostendem Stahl in Beton basiert, anders als bei unlegiertem Betonstahl, auf der Ausbildung einer Chromoxidschicht. Die Chromoxidschicht ist in alkalischem und in carbonatisiertem Beton beständig, sodass nicht rostende Stähle in einem passiven Zustand vorliegen.&#13;
Die Initiierung von Lochkorrosionserscheinungen ist dagegen auch an nicht rostenden Stählen in Beton möglich. Der korrosionsauslösende Chloridgehalt ist neben dem Gehalt an Legierungselementen (insbesondere dem Chromgehalt) und der Oberflächenbeschaffenheit auch vom Konzentrationsverhältnis von OH“ zu CI“ im Elektrolyten abhängig. Daher ist prinzipiell zu erwarten, dass in karbonatisierten Betonen geringere Chloridgehalte Korrosion initiieren können als in Betonen mit höheren pH-Werten. Dies gilt in besonderem Maße für nicht rostende Betonstähle mit geringen Chromgehalten, wie z. B. Produkte aus dem Werkstoff 1.4003 (X2CrNi12) mit seiner im Vergleich zu den Standardausteniten geringen Beständigkeit. Um den kritischen korrosionsauslösenden Chloridgehalt am Beispiel eines am Markt verfügbaren ferritischen Chromstahls zu bestimmen, wurden an der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) umfangreiche Untersuchungen zu beschleunigten Korrosionsversuchen in alkalischen und karbonatisierten Mörteln durchgeführt. Mittels Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) konnten die korrosionsauslösenden Chloridgehalte im Phasengrenzbereich Betonstahl-Mörtel ermittelt werden.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Bautechnik</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/bate.201900077</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0932-8351</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">22.01.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>Andreas Burkert</author>
    <author>Tobias Günther</author>
    <author>Gerd Wilsch</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Korrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Betonstahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nicht rostender</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Chloridgehalt</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kritischer</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50986</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>11</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Taylor Francis Online</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>London</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion in cracked concrete: the influence of time of wetness on corrosion propagation</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Literature data on the influence of concrete cracks on corrosion propagation of reinforcing steel are contradictory. This might be due to very different exposure and test conditions but also to a lack of time-resolved data in cyclic wetting–drying exposure. Here, the influence of the environmental conditions on the corrosion rates in cracked concrete is studied experimentally. The results show that the corrosion rate in cracked concrete depends on the duration of wetting and drying phases and the relative humidity (RH) during the drying phase. The lower the ambient RH in the drying phase, the faster the cracks dry, which depresses the corrosion rate in the periods between the wetting events. A model is proposed to estimate corrosion rates in cracked concrete cyclic wetting/drying exposure.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1080/1478422X.2020.1789371</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">30.07.2020</enrichment>
    <author>C. Boschmann Käthler</author>
    <author>U. Angst</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>B. Elsener</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Korrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Concrete</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59923</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>16</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley VHC-Verlag</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Electrochemical characterization of surfaces of galvanized steels under different exposure conditions using gel electrolytes</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The corrosion behavior of galvanized steels and zinc components under atmospheric exposure depends mostly on the corrosion product‐based cover layer formation under the prevailing conditions. The use of agar‐based gel electrolytes makes it possible to use electrochemical methods to obtain a characteristic value from these cover layers that describe their current and future protective capacity. It is shown here that different states of galvanized steel can be distinguished very well under laboratory conditions and that this method is also suitable for use under practical conditions. Based on the characteristic values and assuming future time of wetness, it is very easy to draw up a forecast for the future corrosion rate, which provides plausible values.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and Corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/maco.202414389</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-599234</identifier>
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The use of agar\u2010based gel electrolytes makes it possible to use electrochemical methods to obtain a characteristic value from these cover layers that describe their current and future protective capacity. It is shown here that different states of galvanized steel can be distinguished very well under laboratory conditions and that this method is also suitable for use under practical conditions. Based on the characteristic values and assuming future time of wetness, it is very easy to draw up a forecast for the future corrosion rate, which provides plausible values.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;","DOI":"10.1002\/maco.202414389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T07:34:06Z","timestamp":1713339246000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Electrochemical characterization of surfaces of galvanized steels under different exposure conditions using gel electrolytes"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0146-219X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Heyn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Werkstoff\u2010 und F\u00fcgetechnik Otto\u2010von\u2010Guericke\u2010Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg  Magdeburg Germany"},{"name":"Fakult\u00e4t Ingenieurwissenschaften Hochschule f\u00fcr Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur  Leipzig Germany"}]},{"given":"Moritz","family":"Meist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Werkstoff\u2010 und F\u00fcgetechnik Otto\u2010von\u2010Guericke\u2010Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg  Magdeburg Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9249-0443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Werkstoff\u2010 und F\u00fcgetechnik Otto\u2010von\u2010Guericke\u2010Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg  Magdeburg Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3074-2203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Babutzka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fachbereich 7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und \u2010pr\u00fcfung (BAM)  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Berliner Hochschule f\u00fcr Technik (BHT)  Berlin Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5158-2483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svenja","family":"Valet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fachbereich 7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und \u2010pr\u00fcfung (BAM)  Berlin Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6006-2460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gino","family":"Ebell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fachbereich 7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und \u2010pr\u00fcfung (BAM)  Berlin Germany"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"ISO 9223:2012 Corrosion of metals and alloys\u2014Corrosivity of atmospheres\u2014Classification determination and estimation2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"ISO 9226:2012 Corrosion of metals and alloys\u2014Corrosivity of atmospheres\u2014Determination of corrosion rate of standard specimens for the evaluation of corrosivity2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"ISO 9224:2012 Corrosion of metals and alloys\u2014Corrosivity of atmospheres\u2014Guiding values for the corrosivity categories\u00a02012."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"ISO 8565:2011 Metals and alloys\u2014Atmospheric corrosion testing\u2014General requirements2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"119","volume-title":"16. Sommerkurs Werkstoffe und F\u00fcgen","author":"Babutzka M.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-938X(93)90082-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-938X(94)90052-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-938X(94)90205-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.corsci.2017.06.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5006\/2458"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1478422X.2020.1763685"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01632a068"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"B.Mao PhD Thesis University of Bordeaux2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/882\/1\/012010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elecom.2014.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/met8070500"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5006\/3309"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","unstructured":"J.Vanbrabant N.van deVelde Proceedings European General Galvanizers Association Intergalva \u00a0Berlin\u00a02000 19 29\/1."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"17","volume":"118","author":"Babutzka M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"IOP Conf. 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    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">08.05.2024</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>A. Heyn</author>
    <author>M. Meist</author>
    <author>O. Michael</author>
    <author>M. Babutzka</author>
    <author>Svenja Valet</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Materials Chemistry</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Metals and Alloys</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surfaces, Coatings and Films</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mechanical Engineering</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mechanics of Materials</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Environmental Chemistry</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Znc</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Verkehrsinfrastrukturen</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/59923/Materials   Corrosion - 2024 - Heyn.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62848</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>306</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>325</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>73</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">A comparison of methods to assess the resistance of reinforcing steel against chloride‐induced corrosion in concrete - Particular consideration of 12% chromium steel</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The critical chloride content Ccrit is an indicator of the corrosion resistance of reinforcing steels in concrete. In this article, several experimental methods for determining the critical chloride content Ccrit of mild and alloyed (12% Cr) steel in cementitious materials are compared. The methods used include accelerated polarization tests and tests employing more natural (unpolarized) conditions in which chloride ingress occurs by diffusion and capillary uptake. The advantages and disadvantages of the methods are discussed, in particular, against the objective of reaching a compromise between applicability to practice and feasibility in laboratory testing.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0947-5117</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/maco.202112826</identifier>
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      <value>Chloride‐induced corrosion</value>
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    <subject>
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      <value>Critical chloride content</value>
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    <subject>
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      <value>Reinforced concrete</value>
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    <subject>
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      <value>Testing methods</value>
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    <title language="eng">Offshore Weathering Campaign on a North Sea Wind Farm Part One: Corrosivity Categories</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The aim of this study is to investigate the corrosion behavior of materials and coatings in offshore environments, with a focus on determining the corrosivity categories at different locations on wind turbines. The collaboration between the authors enabled a 3‐year weathering campaign at the Hohe See and Albatros offshore wind farms in the North Sea. Metal panels were installed on two wind turbines to assess the corrosivity of different atmospheric conditions. Preliminary results indicate significant variations in corrosivity depending on location and material used, suggesting that current standards may not fully reflect real‐world conditions. The results of the study will help to optimize material selection and corrosion protection strategies for offshore wind farms, potentially extending their lifetime and reducing operating costs.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and Corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/maco.202414711</identifier>
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    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
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    <author>Jens Lehmann</author>
    <author>H. Müller</author>
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      <value>Corrosion</value>
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    <title language="deu">Das Instandsetzungsprinzip W-Cl</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Während das Instandsetzungsprinzip W bei carbonatisierungsinduzierter Korrosion seit vielen Jahren als Standardverfahren etabliert ist, wird seine Anwendbarkeit bei chloridinduzierter Korrosion (W-Cl) in der Fachwelt bis heute kontrovers diskutiert. Zwar ergeben sich aus seiner Anwendung gegenüber anderen Instandsetzungsverfahren auf den ersten Blick u. U. deutliche wirtschaftliche Vorteile, allerdings besteht bei diesem Verfahren ein deutlich höheres Risiko, dass das Instandsetzungsziel nicht erreicht wird.&#13;
Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die technischen Grundlagen des Instandsetzungsprinzips W-Cl sowie der aktuelle Kenntnisstand - sowohl für den gerissenen als auch für den ungerissenen Beton - dargestellt und baurechtliche Konsequenzen, die sich aus dem erhöhten Ausführungsrisiko ergeben, diskutiert.&#13;
Korrosionsmonitoring als Element zum Nachweis des Instandsetzungserfolgs bei Anwendung des Prinzips W-Cl wird vorgestellt.&#13;
Anhand von Anwendungsbeispielen werden sowohl die Risiken, die mit dem Verfahren verbunden sind, als auch das Potenzial bei erfolgreicher Anwendung veranschaulicht.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">BAutechnik</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/bate.201900083</identifier>
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    <author>T. F. Mayer</author>
    <author>C. Dauberschmidt</author>
    <author>M. Bruns</author>
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    <author>Jürgen Mietz</author>
    <author>C. Gehlen</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>G. Gerhard</author>
    <author>K. Osterminski</author>
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      <language>deu</language>
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      <value>Korrosion</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Instandsetzung</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
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      <value>W-Cl</value>
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    <subject>
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      <value>Risse</value>
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    <title language="eng">Zinc acetate containing gel pads for electrochemical measurements of Zn samples</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Agar gel pads have been used for electrochemical measurements for some time. For zinc in particular, a standard method for measuring the stability of the corrosion product layer is being established. The main interpretation factor is the corrosion product layer resistance RL, as it is easy to determine and interpret. A high corrosion product layer resistance indicates a high level of protection. However, it is not yet known how low the corrosion product layer resistance is for freshly produced zinc samples. As zinc is highly active, it reacts immediately with the environment to form a corrosion product layer, which affects the corrosion product layer resistance. The addition of zinc acetate to the agar gel pads prevents the formation of a surface layer and destroys existing ones.&#13;
This makes it possible to measure an almost corrosion product-free zinc surface. This is important in defining the range of corrosion product layer resistance for a protective surface.</abstract>
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    <author>Svenja Valet</author>
    <author>Tatjana Bohlmann</author>
    <author>Andreas Burkert</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
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    </subject>
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      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Zinc</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Korrosion</value>
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    <title language="eng">Investigation of the influence of iron‐containing abrasives on the corrosion behaviour of the aluminium alloy AlSi1.2Mg0.4</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The corrosion resistance of aluminium surfaces is closely linked to the surfacecstate after a grinding process. For years, iron‐containing abrasive materials were suspected to lead to increased corrosion susceptibility after processing of aluminium surfaces. To prove a possible correlation between the iron content of an abrasive and the corrosion behaviour of aluminium components, scientific investigations and experimentally practical corrosion tests are necessary.&#13;
For the current investigation, specimens of a technical Al‐Si alloy from the same batch were used. The test specimens were mechanically ground with various resin‐bonded model abrasives containing different iron contents. The performed corrosion tests did not reveal a negative influence of the different iron‐containing abrasives on the corrosion behaviour of the Al–Si alloy.&#13;
However, the most sensitive measuring method (electrochemical noise)&#13;
showed differences in the surface activity depending on the type of abrasive.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and Corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/maco.202011657</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0947-5117</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1521-4176</identifier>
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    <author>Martin Babutzka</author>
    <author>Thoralf Müller</author>
    <author>Jürgen Mietz</author>
    <author>Andreas Burkert</author>
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      <value>Aluminium</value>
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      <value>Corrosion</value>
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      <value>Corrosion testing</value>
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      <value>Grinding</value>
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    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
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    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
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    <language>deu</language>
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    <title language="deu">Einsturz der Carolabrücke in Dresden Teil 2</title>
    <title language="eng">Collapse of the Carola Bridge in Dresden Part 2 Investigations into the causes of the collapse and the consequences</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Am 11. September 2024 ereignete sich der Teileinsturz der vorgespannten Carolabrücke in Dresden ohne Vorankündigung. Im Teil 1 des Beitrags wurden Konstruktion und Bau der Brücke, die Maßnahmen zur Instandhaltung und Sanierung sowie die Problematik Spannungsrisskorrosion vorgestellt. Im vorliegenden Teil 2 werden die umfassenden Untersuchungen zur Erkundung der Einsturzursache beschrieben, der Versuch der Rekonstruktion des Einsturzvorgangs unternommen sowie erste Erkenntnisse zum weiteren Umgang mit anderen Brücken, die SpRK‐gefährdeten Stahl enthalten, dargelegt. Zudem wird auf das Monitoring eingegangen, welches zur Absicherung der verbliebenen Überbauzüge vorgesehen wurde, und ein Ausblick auf die Herausforderungen beim Rückbau gegeben.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Beton- und Stahlbetonbau</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0005-9900</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/best.70008</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">13.10.2025</enrichment>
    <author>Gregor Schacht</author>
    <author>Steffen Marx</author>
    <author>Silke Scheerer</author>
    <author>Max Fiedler</author>
    <author>Robert Ritter</author>
    <author>Luise Clages</author>
    <author>Chris Voigt</author>
    <author>David Czeschka</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>Gero Marzahn</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Korrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spannungsrisskorrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wasserstoffversprödung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Verkehrsinfrastrukturen</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>64405</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>9</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Ernst &amp; Sohn GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Aktueller Sachstand zum Thema Korrosionsschutz im konstruktiven Holzbau</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Dieser Beitrag behandelt die Anforderungen an den Korrosionsschutz metallener Verbindungsmittel im konstruktiven Holzbau. Die Wahl des Korrosionsschutzes spielt eine entscheidende Rolle für Dauerhaftigkeit und Sicherheit.&#13;
Die Korrosionsbeständigkeit wird durch holzspezifische Eigenschaften, Holzfeuchte, chemische Bestandteile und atmosphärische Bedingungen beeinflusst. Daher ist eine korrosionsschutzgerechte Werkstoffauswahl unter Berücksichtigung dieser Parameter notwendig. Historisch durch Normen wie DIN 1052 und deren Weiterentwicklungen (z. B. DIN SPEC 1052-100) geprägt, definiert der zukünftige Eurocode 5 (DIN EN 1995-1-1) Mindestanforderungen an Verbindungsmittel und deren Korrosionsschutzmaßnahmen in Bezug auf die zu erwartenden Belastungen. Trotz bestehender und kommender Normen zeigen sich in der Praxis häufig Lücken und Unsicherheiten, was den Bedarf an klaren Leitlinien und praxisnahen Lösungen unterstreicht. Fortschritte in der Beschichtungstechnologie und die Entwicklung standardisierter Prüfmethoden bieten vielversprechende Ansätze und Werkzeuge zur Verbesserung der Dauerhaftigkeit. Das Dokument betont die Bedeutung normativer Anpassungen in den kommenden Eurocodes sowie die Rolle von Forschung und Innovation, um die ökologischen und technischen Potenziale des Holzbaus besser zu nutzen und dessen Einsatz in der modernen Architektur zu fördern.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Bautechnik</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0932-8351</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/bate.70036</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">27.10.2025</enrichment>
    <author>Thoralf Müller</author>
    <author>Matthias Beck</author>
    <author>Klaas Gümmer</author>
    <author>Alexander Tomandl</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>Ueli Angst</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Holzbau</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Korrosionsschutz</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Verbindungsmittel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eurocode 5</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DIN SPEC 1052-100</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Green Intelligent Building</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51976</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>NIL_75</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>NIL_85</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>91</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Effect of lead and copper containing brine on steel materials for geothermal applications – A corrosion study</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Geothermal brines often contain high amounts of lead and copper ions that can precipitate as native Cu and Pb as consequence of galvanic corrosion when brines react with carbon steel materials. This contribution evaluates which materials could overcome the problem of galvanic corrosion at geothermal environment.&#13;
The behavior of these materials in water containing high chloride concentration (&gt; 100 g/L NaCl) as well as various amounts of dissolved  bCl2 and/or CuCl2 was characterized by electrochemical and exposure measurements.&#13;
Both methods reveal carbon steel suffers corrosion susceptibility, accompanied by Cu◦ and/or Pb◦ precipitation on the surface. Electrochemical measurements on stainless steels result in significant difference in corrosion and repassivation potentials (Ecorr = -189 mV, Erep = 70 mV), indicating a good corrosion resistance.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Geothermics</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.geothermics.2020.102024</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0375-6505</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">19.04.2021</enrichment>
    <author>A. Stoljarova</author>
    <author>S. Regenspurg</author>
    <author>Ralph Bäßler</author>
    <author>T. Mathiesen</author>
    <author>J. Braüner Nielsen</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Copper</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Lead</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Geothermal energy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt-Material-Interaktionen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52555</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>526</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>5</issue>
    <volume>11</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Study of Al2O3 Sol-Gel Coatings on X20Cr13 in Artificial North German Basin Geothermal Water at 150 °C</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Al2O3 has been widely used as a coating in industrial applications due to its excellent chemical and thermal resistance. Considering high temperatures and aggressive mediums exist in geothermal systems, Al2O3 can be a potential coating candidate to protect steels in geothermal applications. In this study, γ-Al2O3 was used as a coating on martensitic steels by applying AlOOH sol followed by a heat treatment at 600 °C. To evaluate the coating application process, one-, two-, and three-layer coatings were tested in the artificial North German Basin (NGB), containing 166 g/L Cl−, at 150 °C and 1 MPa for 168 h. To reveal the stability of the Al2O3 coating in NGB solution, three-layer coatings were used in exposure tests for 24, 168, 672, and 1296 h, followed by surface and cross-section characterization. SEM images show that the Al2O3 coating was stable up to 1296 h of exposure, where the outer layer mostly transformed into boehmite AlOOH with needle-like crystals dominating the surface. Closer analysis of cross-sections showed that the interface between each layer was affected in long-term exposure tests, which caused local delamination after 168 h of exposure. In separate experiments, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was performed at 150 °C to evaluate the changes of coatings within the first 24 h. Results showed that the most significant decrease in the impedance is within 6 h, which can be associated with the electrolyte penetration through the coating, followed by the formation of AlOOH. Here, results of both short-term EIS measurements (up to 24 h) and long-term exposure tests (up to 1296 h) are discussed.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Coatings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2079-6412</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/coatings11050526</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-525551</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">10.06.2021</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Gabriela Aristia</author>
    <author>Quynh Hoa Le</author>
    <author>Marianne Nofz</author>
    <author>Regine Sojref</author>
    <author>Ralph Bäßler</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Al2O3</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Geothermal</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Martensitic steels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Behmite</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5 Werkstofftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.1 Mikrostruktur Design und Degradation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.6 Glas</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/52555/coatings-11-00526.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51977</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>115</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>9</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Corrosion Study on Wellbore Materials for the CO2 Injection Process</title>
    <abstract language="eng">For reliability and safety issues of injection wells, corrosion resistance of materials used needs to be determined. Herein, representative low-cost materials, including carbon steel X70/1.8977 and low alloyed steel 1.7225, were embedded in mortar to mimic the realistic casing-mortar interface. Two types of cement were investigated: (1) Dyckerhoff Variodur commercial Portland cement, representing a highly acidic resistant cement and (2) Wollastonite, which can react with CO2 and become stable under a CO2 stream due to the carbonation process. Exposure tests were performed under 10 MPa and at 333 K in artificial aquifer fluid for up to 20 weeks, revealing crevice corrosion and uniform corrosion instead of expected pitting corrosion. To clarify the role of cement, simulated pore water was made by dispersing cement powder in aquifer fluid and used as a solution to expose steels. Surface analysis, accompanied by element mapping on exposed specimens and their crosssections, was carried out to trace the chloride intrusion and corrosion process that followed.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Processes</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/pr9010115</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2227-9717</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-519774</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">11.02.2021</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Quynh Hoa Le</author>
    <author>Ralph Bäßler</author>
    <author>Dirk Bettge</author>
    <author>E. Buggisch</author>
    <author>Bernadette Nicole Schiller</author>
    <author>M. Beck</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Carbon capture storage</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CCS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Carbon dioxide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Carbon steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Aquifer fluid</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cement</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Casing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pitting</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5 Werkstofftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.1 Mikrostruktur Design und Degradation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/51977/processes-09-00115.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50630</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>421-1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>421-19</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <volume>8</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Early Stage of Corrosion Formation on Pipeline Steel X70 Under Oxyfuel Atmosphere at Low Temperature</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The early stage of corrosion formation on X70 pipeline steel under oxyfuel atmosphere was investigated by applying a simulated gas mixture (CO2 containing 6700 ppmv O2, 100 ppmv NO2, 70 ppmv SO2 and 50 ppmv H2O) for 15 h at 278 K and ambient pressure. Short-term tests (6 h) revealed that the corrosion starts as local spots related to grinding marks progressing by time and moisture until a closed layer was formed. Acid droplets (pH 1.5), generated in the gas atmosphere, containing a mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3, were identified as corrosion starters. After 15 h of exposure, corrosion products were mainly X-ray amorphous and only partially crystalline. In-situ energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) results showed that the crystalline fractions consist primarily of water-bearing iron sulfates. Applying Raman spectroscopy, water-bearing iron nitrates were detected as subordinated phases. Supplementary long-term tests exhibited a significant increase in the crystalline fraction and formation of additional water-bearing iron sulfates. All phases of the corrosion layer were intergrown in a nanocrystalline network. In addition, numerous globular structures have been detected above the corrosion layer, which were identified as hydrated iron sulphate and hematite. As a type of corrosion, shallow pit formation was identified, and the corrosion rate was about 0.1 mma−1. In addition to in-situ EDXRD, SEM/EDS, TEM, Raman spectroscopy and interferometry were used to chemically and microstructurally analyze the corrosion products.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Processes</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/pr8040421</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2227-9717</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-506303</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">18.06.2020</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>A. Kratzig</author>
    <author>Quynh Hoa Le</author>
    <author>Dirk Bettge</author>
    <author>M. Menneken</author>
    <author>Ralph Bäßler</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CCUS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>In-situ ED-XRD</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CO2 pipeline transport</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oxyfuel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Carbon steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Impurities</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5 Werkstofftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.1 Mikrostruktur Design und Degradation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/50630/processes-08-00421.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55480</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1730</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1751</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>11</issue>
    <volume>73</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Corrosion challenges towards a sustainable society</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A global transition towards more sustainable, affordable and reliable energy systems is being stimulated by the Paris Agreement and the United Nation's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This poses a challenge for the corrosion industry, as building climate‐resilient energy systems and infrastructures brings with it a long‐term direction, so as a result the long‐term behaviour of structural materials (mainly metals and alloys) becomes a major prospect. With this in mind “Corrosion Challenges Towards a Sustainable Society” presents a series of cases showing the importance of corrosion protection of metals and alloys in the development of energy production to further understand the science of corrosion, and bring the need for research and the consequences of corrosion into public and political focus. This includes emphasis on the limitation of greenhouse gas emissions, on the lifetime of infrastructures, implants, cultural heritage artefacts, and a variety of other topics.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1521-4176</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/maco.202213140</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-554801</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">30.10.2023</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>R. Bender</author>
    <author>D. Féron</author>
    <author>D. Mills</author>
    <author>S. Ritter</author>
    <author>Ralph Bäßler</author>
    <author>Dirk Bettge</author>
    <author>I. de Graeve</author>
    <author>A. Dugstad</author>
    <author>S. Grassini</author>
    <author>T. Hack</author>
    <author>M. Halama</author>
    <author>E.-H. Han</author>
    <author>T. Harder</author>
    <author>G. Hinds</author>
    <author>J. Kittel</author>
    <author>R. Krieg</author>
    <author>C. Leygraf</author>
    <author>L. Martinelli</author>
    <author>A. Mol</author>
    <author>D. Neff</author>
    <author>J.-O. Nilsson</author>
    <author>I. Odnevall</author>
    <author>S. Paterson</author>
    <author>S. Paul</author>
    <author>T. Prošek</author>
    <author>M. Raupach</author>
    <author>R. I. Revilla</author>
    <author>F. Ropital</author>
    <author>H. Schweigart</author>
    <author>E. Szala</author>
    <author>H. Terryn</author>
    <author>J. Tidblad</author>
    <author>S. Virtanen</author>
    <author>P. Volovitch</author>
    <author>D. Watkinson</author>
    <author>M. Wilms</author>
    <author>G. Winning</author>
    <author>M. Zheludkevich</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion costs</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion protection</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Preventive strategies</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5 Werkstofftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.1 Mikrostruktur Design und Degradation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt-Material-Interaktionen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/55480/10_1002_maco_202213140.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65308</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>21</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>551</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">pH sensitive gel pads for the visualization of anodes and cathodes on zinc</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Zinc and zinc alloys have many applications. Zinc corrosion takes place in the atmosphere and is assumed to follow the water drop theory (a macroelement), in which the anode is at the centre of the drop and is surrounded by a cathode. This paper is the first to use gel electrolytes made of agar to visualize anodic and cathodic areas on zinc samples in order to examine the water drop theory. For that, agar gels were added with universal pH indicators, as the anode and cathode exhibit different pH values. In this paper, different amounts of pH indicators were tested to determine whether the indicator influences the potential, the impedance, phase shift, corrosion current and potential and corrosion layer resistance.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Electrochimica Acta</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0013-4686</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.electacta.2026.148134</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefLicence">https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_import_origin">crossref</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_doiImportPopulated">PersonAuthorFirstName_1,PersonAuthorLastName_1,PersonAuthorIdentifierOrcid_1,PersonAuthorFirstName_2,PersonAuthorLastName_2,PersonAuthorFirstName_3,PersonAuthorLastName_3,PersonAuthorIdentifierOrcid_3,PersonAuthorFirstName_4,PersonAuthorLastName_4,PublisherName,TitleMain_1,Language,TitleParent_1,ArticleNumber,PublishedYear,IdentifierIssn,Enrichmentlocal_crossrefLicence</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">doi-import</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">02.02.2026</enrichment>
    <author>Svenja Valet</author>
    <author>Tatjana Bohlmann</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>Andreas Burkert</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Zinc</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gel electrolyte</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65501</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>14</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>10</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">A 30-year-old diesel tank: Fungal-dominated biofilms cause local corrosion of galvanised steel</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The increased use of biodiesel is expected to lead to more microbial corrosion, fouling and fuel degradation issues. In this context, we have analysed the metal, fuel and microbiology of a fouled diesel tank which had been in service for over 30 years. The fuel itself, a B7 biodiesel blend, was not degraded, and—although no free water phase was visible—contained a water content of ~60 ppm. The microbial community was dominated by the fungus  Amorphotheca resinae, which formed thick, patchy biofilms on the tank bottom and walls. The tank sheets, composed of galvanised carbon steel, were locally corroded underneath the biofilms, up to a depth of a third of the sheet thickness. On the biofilm-free surfaces, Zn coatings could still be observed. Taken together, A. resinae was shown to thrive in these water-poor conditions, likely enhancing corrosion through the removal of the protective Zn coatings.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">npj Materials Degradation</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2397-2106</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1038/s41529-025-00731-2</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-655014</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefLicence">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_import_origin">crossref</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_doiImportPopulated">PersonAuthorFirstName_1,PersonAuthorLastName_1,PersonAuthorFirstName_2,PersonAuthorLastName_2,PersonAuthorFirstName_3,PersonAuthorLastName_3,PersonAuthorFirstName_4,PersonAuthorLastName_4,PersonAuthorFirstName_5,PersonAuthorLastName_5,PersonAuthorFirstName_6,PersonAuthorLastName_6,PersonAuthorFirstName_7,PersonAuthorLastName_7,PersonAuthorFirstName_8,PersonAuthorLastName_8,PersonAuthorFirstName_9,PersonAuthorLastName_9,PersonAuthorFirstName_10,PersonAuthorLastName_10,PersonAuthorFirstName_11,PersonAuthorLastName_11,PersonAuthorFirstName_12,PersonAuthorLastName_12,PersonAuthorFirstName_13,PersonAuthorLastName_13,PersonAuthorFirstName_14,PersonAuthorLastName_14,PersonAuthorFirstName_15,PersonAuthorLastName_15,PersonAuthorFirstName_16,PersonAuthorLastName_16,PersonAuthorFirstName_17,PersonAuthorLastName_17,PersonAuthorFirstName_18,PersonAuthorLastName_18,PersonAuthorFirstName_19,PersonAuthorLastName_19,PersonAuthorFirstName_20,PersonAuthorLastName_20,PersonAuthorFirstName_21,PersonAuthorLastName_21,PersonAuthorFirstName_22,PersonAuthorLastName_22,PersonAuthorFirstName_23,PersonAuthorLastName_23,PersonAuthorFirstName_24,PersonAuthorLastName_24,PublisherName,TitleMain_1,Language,TitleAbstract_1,TitleParent_1,ArticleNumber,Issue,Volume,PublishedYear,IdentifierIssn,Enrichmentlocal_crossrefLicence</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">doi-import</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">23.02.2026</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Ruben Gerrits</author>
    <author>Biwen An Stepec</author>
    <author>Ralph Bäßler</author>
    <author>Roland Becker</author>
    <author>Matthias Dimper</author>
    <author>Ines Feldmann</author>
    <author>Kira L. Goff</author>
    <author>Jens Günster</author>
    <author>Andrea Hofmann</author>
    <author>René Hesse</author>
    <author>Sarah Kirstein</author>
    <author>Ulrich Klein</author>
    <author>Tatjana Mauch</author>
    <author>Meina Neumann-Schaal</author>
    <author>Özlem Özcan Sandikcioglu</author>
    <author>Nicole M. Taylor</author>
    <author>Julia Schumacher</author>
    <author>Yin Shen</author>
    <author>Heike Strehlau</author>
    <author>Matthias Weise</author>
    <author>Jacqueline Wolf</author>
    <author>Andrey Yurkov</author>
    <author>Lisa M. Gieg</author>
    <author>Anna Gorbushina</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fungal biofilms</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Biodiesel degradation mechanisms</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.7 Organische Spuren- und Lebensmittelanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">4 Material und Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">4.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Biokorrosion</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65501/2025 Gerrits et al_30 year old diesel tank.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>64465</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>25</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <volume>6</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI AG</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Corrosion and Soiling in the 21st Century: Insights from ICP Materials and Impact on Cultural Heritage</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This paper reviews results published by the International Co-operative Programme on Effects on Materials including Historic and Cultural Monuments (ICP Materials) with emphasis on those obtained after the turn of the century. Data from ICP Materials come from two main sources. The first is through exposures of materials and collection of environmental data in a network of atmospheric exposure test sites mainly distributed across Europe. Corrosion of carbon steel has continued to decrease during the period 2000–2020 but corrosion of zinc only up until 2014, and the trend in zinc corrosion is only visible when examining four-year data. Surface recession of limestone as well as soiling of modern glass show no decreasing trend during 2000–2020. The second is through case studies performed at heritage sites across Europe. Risk analysis of corrosion and soiling for twenty-six sites indicate that currently soiling is a more significant maintenance trigger than corrosion. Costs for maintaining heritage sites are substantial and costs attributable to air pollution is estimated from 40% to as much as 80% of the total cost. Future directions of the program are work on effects of particulate matter, improving the scientific basis for the work, and making the monitoring data publicly available.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Corrosion and Materials Degradation</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2624-5558</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/cmd6040054</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-644651</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">05.01.2026</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Johan Tidblad</author>
    <author>Alice Moya Núñez</author>
    <author>Daniel de la Fuente</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>Tore Flatlandsmo Berglen</author>
    <author>Terje Grøntoft</author>
    <author>Ulrik Hans</author>
    <author>Ioannis Christodoulakis</author>
    <author>Daniel Kajánek</author>
    <author>Kateřina Kreislová</author>
    <author>Lech Kwiatkowski</author>
    <author>Teresa La Torreta</author>
    <author>Rafał Lutze</author>
    <author>Guadalupe Pinar Larrubia</author>
    <author>Valentina Pintus</author>
    <author>Michael Prange</author>
    <author>Pasquale Spezzano</author>
    <author>Costas Varotsos</author>
    <author>Aurélie Verney-Carron</author>
    <author>Tiina Vuorio</author>
    <author>Tim Yates</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Atmospheric corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Soiling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/64465/cmd-06-00054.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50726</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>749</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>758</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>5</issue>
    <volume>71</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Chloride‐induced steel corrosion in alkali‐activated fly ash mortar: Increased propensity for corrosion initiation at defects</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Chloride contents at the steel–mortar interface that initiate steel corrosion were determined for carbon steel in alkali‐activated fly ash mortar for three different exposure conditions: exposure to 1 M NaCl solution; leaching in deionized water and then exposure to 1 M NaCl solution; and leaching in deionized water, aging in air at 20°C and natural CO2 concentration, and then exposure to 1 M NaCl solution. For comparison, a Portland cement mortar, exposed to 1 M NaCl solution, was studied. The median values of the corrosion‐initiating chloride contents (average over the full length of the rebar) in the alkali‐activated fly ash mortar varied between 0.35 and 1.05 wt% Cl with respect to binder, consistently lower than what was obtained for the Portland cement mortar, but with no clear trend regarding the exposure conditions. For most of the alkali‐activated fly ash mortar specimens, preferential corrosion at the connection between the working electrode and the external measurement setup was observed, while preferential corrosion did not occur for the Portland cement mortar. Scanning electron microscopy and auxiliary experiments in synthetic solutions indicated that this behavior was caused by inhomogeneities at the steel–mortar interface in the alkali‐activated mortar, likely due to its peculiar rheological properties in the fresh state.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and Corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/maco.202011541</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-507268</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">06.05.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Gregor Gluth</author>
    <author>Gino Ebell</author>
    <author>Petr Hlavacek</author>
    <author>Jürgen Mietz</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Alkali-activated materials</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Steel corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Critical chloride content</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Steel-concrete interface</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.4 Baustofftechnologie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/50726/Gluth et al - Mater Corros 2020.pdf</file>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/50726/Gluth et al - Mater Corros 2020 - SI.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>64155</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>7989</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8001</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>19</issue>
    <volume>25</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>American Chemical Society (ACS)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Washington, DC</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">High-Entropy Phosphate Synthesis: Advancements through Automation and Sequential Learning Optimization</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Transition metal phosphates (TMPs) are extensively explored for electrochemical and catalytical applications due to their structural versatility and chemical stability. Within this material class, novel high-entropy metal phosphates (HEMPs)─containing multiple transition metals combined into a single-phase structure─are particularly promising, as their compositional complexity can significantly enhance functional properties. However, the discovery of suitable HEMP compositions is hindered by the vast compositional design space and complex or very specific synthesis conditions. Here, we present a data-driven strategy combining automated wet-chemical synthesis with a Sequential Learning App for Materials Discovery (SLAMD) framework (Random Forest regression model) to efficiently explore and optimize HEMP compositions. Using a limited set of initial experiments, we identified multimetal compositions in a single-phase crystalline solid. The model successfully predicted a novel Co0.3Ni0.3Fe0.2Cd0.1Mn0.1 phosphate octahydrate phase, validated experimentally, demonstrating the effectiveness of the machine learning approach. This work highlights the potential of integrating automated synthesis platforms with data-driven algorithms to accelerate the discovery of high-entropy materials, offering an efficient design pathway to advanced functional materials.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Crystal Growth &amp; Design</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1528-7483</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00549</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-641554</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">13.10.2025</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Stephanos Karafiludis</author>
    <author>Jacob Standl</author>
    <author>Tom W. Ryll</author>
    <author>Alexander Schwab</author>
    <author>Carsten Prinz</author>
    <author>Jakob B. Wolf</author>
    <author>Sabine Kruschwitz</author>
    <author>Franziska Emmerling</author>
    <author>Christoph Völker</author>
    <author>Tomasz M. Stawski</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Metal phosphates</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High entropy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sequential learning</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Automated synthesis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAP</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Random forest</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Machine learning</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.3 Strukturanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/64155/hemps.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>61221</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>44</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>48</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Study of steel behavior in synthetic pore solutions of GGBFS-containing cements using EIS</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Steel corrosion in sulfide-containing solutions presents a challenge in a number of environments and appli¬cations, such as the kraft process, the oil and gas industry, and reinforced concrete structures. In concrete, sulfides are introduced by ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS), which is a widespread component of standard cements and which can also be utilized in the production of alkali-activated materials (AAMs). However, a knowledge gap exists concerning the compositions of pore solutions in GGBFS-containing cements, especially regarding sulfur and its various species and understanding how these sulfur species affect the surface layer and the corrosion behavior of steel in such environments. The present study employed electrochemical impedance spec¬tros-copy to study the behavior of steel in synthetic solutions representing GGBFS-containing cements and AAMs. The electrochemical behavior of steel in sulfide-containing solutions differs from that observed in ordinary Portland cement solutions, generally exhibiting lower open circuit potentials and polarization resistances in the former environments. This suggests that the criteria or standards used to assess the probability of steel corrosion in Portland cement concrete are not applicable to GGBFS-containing concrete due to differences of their pore solution compositions.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">International Workshop on Impedance Spectroscopy – IWIS 2024</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1109/IWIS63047.2024.10847235</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">International Workshop on Impedance Spectroscopy – IWIS 2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Chemnitz, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">24.09.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">27.09.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">11.03.2026</enrichment>
    <author>Ali Nikoonasab</author>
    <author>Thoralf Müller</author>
    <author>Gregor Gluth</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cement</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ground granulated blast-furnace slag</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sulfide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Steel corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Impedance spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.4 Baustofftechnologie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Green Intelligent Building</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
