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  <doc>
    <id>62705</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>14</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>3</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Heteroresistance in Enterobacter cloacae complex caused by variation in transient gene amplification events</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Heteroresistance (HR) in bacteria describes a subpopulational phenomenon of antibiotic resistant cells of a generally susceptible population. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms and phenotypic characteristics underlying HR to ceftazidime (CAZ) in a clinical Enterobacter cloacae complex strain (ECC). We identified a plasmid-borne gene duplication-amplification (GDA) event of a region harbouring an ampC gene encoding a β-lactamase bla  DHA-1 as the key determinant of HR. Individual colonies exhibited variations in the copy number of the genes resulting in resistance level variation which correlated with growth onset (lag times) and growth rates in the presence of CAZ. GDA copy number heterogeneity occurred within single resistant colonies, demonstrating heterogeneity of GDA on the single-cell level. The interdependence between GDA, lag time and antibiotic treatment and the strong plasticity underlying HR underlines the high risk for misdetection of antimicrobial HR and subsequent treatment failure.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">npj Antimicrobials and Resistance</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1038/s44259-025-00082-7</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-627057</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_data">ok</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">15.12.2025</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Johannes Kupke</author>
    <author>Julian Brombach</author>
    <author>Yuwen Fang</author>
    <author>Silver A. Wolf</author>
    <author>Lakshmipriya Thrukonda</author>
    <author>Fereshteh Ghazisaeedi</author>
    <author>Benno Kuropka</author>
    <author>Dennis Hanke</author>
    <author>Torsten Semmler</author>
    <author>Niclas Nordholt</author>
    <author>Frank Schreiber</author>
    <author>Karsten Tedin</author>
    <author>Antina Lübke-Becker</author>
    <author>Ulrich K. Steiner</author>
    <author>Marcus Fulde</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Antimicrobial surfaces</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Biocides</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Antimicrobial resistance</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Standardization</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">4 Material und Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">4.1 Biologische Materialschädigung und Referenzorganismen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt-Material-Interaktionen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/62705/Heteroresistance in Enterobacter cloacae .pdf</file>
  </doc>
</export-example>
