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    <volume>94</volume>
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    <title language="eng">Validation of a new standard for safety characteristics of hybrid mixtures: HYBRID II</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Safety characteristics are used for the safe operation of processes. Designing protection measures requires explosion characteristics to be determined, namely the maximum explosion pressure and the maximum rate of pressure rise. Safety characteristics of single-phase components (solid, liquid or gas) can be determined according to standards that were developed 40 years ago and are continuously improved. For hybrid mixtures containing a flammable gas and a combustible dust there has been an approach in the 80s but it has never been improved nor applied ever since (ISO 6184-3). A new approach by four German research facilities and the German Institute for standardization (DIN) with the aim of developing a new standard was launched in 2019. In 2022 the key findings led to a first international round robin test with eleven participating facilities from seven countries. The dust component was corn starch and methane was chosen as gas component. In order to strengthen the data foundation before finalizing and publishing the new standard, a second round robin test was initiated with hydrogen as gas component and lycopodium as dust. The paper will summarize the findings and their influence on the new standard.</abstract>
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    <author>Stefan Spitzer</author>
    <author>Wojciech Adamus</author>
    <author>Enis Askar</author>
    <author>Alexander Benke</author>
    <author>Sebastian D’Hyon</author>
    <author>Zdzislaw Dyduch</author>
    <author>Olivier Dufaud</author>
    <author>Friederike Flemming</author>
    <author>Nicole Gehle</author>
    <author>Michael Hohenberger</author>
    <author>Vojtech Jankuj</author>
    <author>Wang Jian</author>
    <author>Arne Krietsch</author>
    <author>Richard Kuracina</author>
    <author>Miroslav Mynarz</author>
    <author>Frederik Norman</author>
    <author>David Osborne</author>
    <author>Maria Prodan</author>
    <author>Nelly Sandsta</author>
    <author>Adrian Toman</author>
    <author>Trygve Skjold</author>
    <author>Jan Skrinsky</author>
    <author>Zuzana Szabova</author>
    <author>Alexis Vignes</author>
    <author>Mattheus van Wingerden</author>
    <author>Shenjung Zhong</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Explosionsschutz</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Anlagensicherheit</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Konstruktiver Explosionsschutz</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hybride Gemische</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Round robin tests</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hybrid mixtures</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Industrial explosions</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Safety characteristics</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2.1 Sicherheit von Energieträgern</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
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