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    <title language="eng">Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Concrete Analysis: Applications and Practical Benefits</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Reinforced concrete structures are exposed not only to mechanical loads but also to chemical degradation, which can significantly impact their longevity and performance. Effective assessment and maintenance require a detailed understanding of the ingress of harmful species, such as chlorides or sulfates. Traditional analysis methods, like wet chemical analysis of drill dust or ground core samples, often require homogenization leading to the loss of crucial spatial information in sub-millimeter regions such as localized high concentrations of elements, e.g. in cracks.&#13;
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) offers a cutting-edge solution, providing rapid, multi-element analysis with high spatial resolution from micrometer to millimeter scales. LIBS is capable of detecting both light and heavy elements, making it a powerful tool for detailed concrete analysis. Despite its clear advantages, LIBS is not commonly used in civil engineering.&#13;
This presentation will showcase practical examples demonstrating the effectiveness and advantages of LIBS in concrete analysis, highlighting real-world applications provided by members of the “LIBS” subcommittee of the technical committee “Civil-Engineering” of the German Society for Non-Destructive Testing (DGZfP). Key examples will be discussed, including measurements from car parks or bridges, alongside an introduction to the newly released DGZfP leaflet B14 providing guidelines for the quantitative determination of chlorine content in concrete by LIBS. Furthermore, prospective applications of LIBS including material identification and classification for concrete recycling, and other emerging uses in civil engineering, will also be presented, showcasing the versatility and future potential of this technology.</abstract>
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    <author>Tobias Völker</author>
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      <language>eng</language>
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    <title language="eng">Revolutionizing Concrete Analysis and Maintenance with Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a valuable complement to established methods for the chemical analysis of concrete. Compared to conventional techniques, LIBS enables spatially resolved imaging of harmful ion distributions within the cementitious matrix. It allows the simultaneous detection of all relevant ions and degradation mechanisms, facilitating a better understanding of interacting processes. The benefits of multi-element analysis are illustrated through selected examples that highlight the method’s superior information content. Ion penetration profiles are recorded at a resolution of 0.25 mm, providing high-quality input data for service life modelling. Instead of drill dust, a 50 mm core sample is used. The measurement is automated, requires no chemical reagents or elaborate sample preparation, and is completed within minutes.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing</parentTitle>
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    <author>Dirk Dalichow</author>
    <author>Jil Blaschke</author>
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    <author>Tobias Völker</author>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Durability</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Ion transport profiling</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Concrete analysis</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Service life assessment</value>
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    <title language="eng">Test methods for chloride diffusivity of blended cement pastes: a review by RILEM TC 298-EBD</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) is an important part of the roadmap for reducing CO2 emissions and extending the service life of reinforced concrete structures. To accelerate the adoption of SCMs, the RILEM Technical Committee 298-EBD evaluates scaled-down cement paste test methods to assess the effect of SCM on resistance to chloride and sulfate ingress and reactivity, which are critical to concrete durability. This review focuses on methods for measuring chloride diffusivity and is divided into four sections: diffusivity models and parameters, diffusion test methods (including NMR and chloride measurements), migration test methods and implications for future research. Key insights highlight the complexities of multi-species ionic and molecular diffusion/migration, including various binding interactions, and compares the different measurement methodologies. The review also addresses the test scale and aggregate effects, noting the pros and cons of testing at the paste, mortar, and concrete scales. The review underscores the need for further investigation into testing protocols and the influence of SCM on chloride diffusion, emphasizing that comprehensive testing across different scales provides complementary information for assessing durability performance.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and Structures</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1359-5997</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1617/s11527-025-02809-4</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Neven Ukrainczyk</author>
    <author>Thomas Bernard</author>
    <author>Arezou Babaahmadi</author>
    <author>Liming Huang</author>
    <author>Christoph Zausinger</author>
    <author>Anthony Soive</author>
    <author>Stéphanie Bonnet</author>
    <author>Fabien Georget</author>
    <author>Maruša Mrak</author>
    <author>Sabina Dolenec</author>
    <author>Tobias Völker</author>
    <author>Prannoy Suraneni</author>
    <author>William Wilson</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Chloride ingress</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Diffusion tests</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Migration test</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cement paste</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Concrete</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Supplementary cementitious materials (SCM)</value>
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