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  <doc>
    <id>13799</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2006</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>74</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>84</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1-3</issue>
    <volume>800</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Structures of substituted di-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives: 2,5-bis(pyridyl)- and 2,5-bis(aminophenyl)-substitution</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Crystal structures of four different di-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds (aryl = 2-pyridyl-, 3-pyridyl-, 2-aminophenyl-, 3-aminophenyl-) are determined. Crystallization of di(2-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole yielded monoclinic and triclinic polymorphs. The structures are characterized by the occurrence of ππ interactions. Additionally, in case of the aminophenyl compounds intra- as well as intermolecular hydrogen bonds are found that influence the packing motif as well. Since these molecules are often used as ligands in metalorganic complexes similarities and differences of the molecular conformation between the molecules in the pure crystals and that of the ligands in the complexes are discussed.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of molecular structure</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">15559</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.molstruc.2006.03.076</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0022-2860</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1872-8014</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0377-046X</identifier>
    <enrichment key="bibliotheksstandort">Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">16.11.2006</enrichment>
    <author>Franziska Emmerling</author>
    <author>I. Orgzall</author>
    <author>Günter Reck</author>
    <author>Burkhard Schulz</author>
    <author>S. Stockhause</author>
    <author>B. Schulz</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Crystal structure</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>1,3,4-Oxadiazole</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Molecular conformation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen bonds</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>63489</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>10630</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>10717</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>11</issue>
    <volume>19</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>ACS Publications</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Interfacing with the Brain: How Nanotechnology Can Contribute</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Interfacing artificial devices with the human brain is the central goal of neurotechnology. Yet, our imaginations are often limited by currently available paradigms and technologies. Suggestions for brain−machine interfaces have changed over time, along with the available technology.&#13;
Mechanical levers and cable winches were used to move parts of the brain during the mechanical age. Sophisticated electronic wiring and remote control have arisen during the electronic age, ultimately leading to plug-and-play computer interfaces. Nonetheless, our brains are so complex that these visions, until recently, largely remained unreachable dreams. The general problem, thus far, is that most of our technology is mechanically and/or electrically engineered, whereas the brain is a living, dynamic entity. As a result, these worlds are difficult to interface with one another. Nanotechnology, which encompasses engineered solid-state objects and integrated circuits, excels at small length scales of single to a few hundred nanometers and, thus, matches the sizes of biomolecules, biomolecular assemblies, and parts of cells. Consequently, we envision nanomaterials and nanotools as opportunities to interface with the brain in alternative ways. Here, we review the existing literature on the use of nanotechnology in brain−machine interfaces and look forward in discussing perspectives and limitations based on the authors’ expertise across a range of complementary disciplines from neuroscience, engineering, physics, and chemistry to biology and medicine, computer science and mathematics, and social science and jurisprudence. We focus on nanotechnology but also include information from related fields when useful and complementary.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">ACS Nano</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1021/acsnano.4c10525</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1936-086X</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-634893</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">26.06.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>A. A. A. Ahmed</author>
    <author>N. Alegret</author>
    <author>B. Almeida</author>
    <author>R. Alvarez-Puebla</author>
    <author>A. M. Andrews</author>
    <author>L. Ballerini</author>
    <author>J. J. Barrios-Capuchino</author>
    <author>C. Becker</author>
    <author>R. H. Blick</author>
    <author>S. Bonakdar</author>
    <author>I. Chakraborty</author>
    <author>X. Chen</author>
    <author>J. Cheon</author>
    <author>G. Chilla</author>
    <author>A. L. C. Conceicao</author>
    <author>J. Delehanty</author>
    <author>M. Dulle</author>
    <author>A. L. Efros</author>
    <author>M. Epple</author>
    <author>M. Fedyk</author>
    <author>N. Feliu</author>
    <author>M. Feng</author>
    <author>R. Fernandez-Chacon</author>
    <author>I. Fernandez-Cuesta</author>
    <author>N. Fertig</author>
    <author>S. Förster</author>
    <author>J. A. Garrido</author>
    <author>M. George</author>
    <author>A. H. Guse</author>
    <author>N. Hampp</author>
    <author>J. Harberts</author>
    <author>J. Han</author>
    <author>H. R. Heekeren</author>
    <author>U. G. Hofmann</author>
    <author>M. Holzapfel</author>
    <author>H. Hosseinkazemi</author>
    <author>Y. Huang</author>
    <author>P. Huber</author>
    <author>T. Hyeon</author>
    <author>S. Ingebrandt</author>
    <author>M. Ienca</author>
    <author>A. Iske</author>
    <author>Y. Kang</author>
    <author>G. Kasieczka</author>
    <author>D.-H. Kim</author>
    <author>K. Kostarelos</author>
    <author>J.-H. Lee</author>
    <author>K.-W. Lin</author>
    <author>S. Liu</author>
    <author>X. Liu</author>
    <author>Y. Liu</author>
    <author>C. Lohr</author>
    <author>V. Mailänder</author>
    <author>L. Maffongelli</author>
    <author>S. Megahed</author>
    <author>A. Mews</author>
    <author>M. Mutas</author>
    <author>L. Nack</author>
    <author>N. Nakatsuka</author>
    <author>T. G. Oertner</author>
    <author>A. Offenhäusser</author>
    <author>M. Oheim</author>
    <author>B. Otange</author>
    <author>F. Otto</author>
    <author>E. Patrono</author>
    <author>B. Peng</author>
    <author>A. Picchiotti</author>
    <author>F. Pierini</author>
    <author>M. Pötter-Nerger</author>
    <author>M. Pozzi</author>
    <author>A. Pralle</author>
    <author>M. Prato</author>
    <author>B. Qi</author>
    <author>P. Ramos-Cabrer</author>
    <author>Ute Resch-Genger</author>
    <author>N. Ritter</author>
    <author>M. Rittner</author>
    <author>S. Roy</author>
    <author>F. Santoro</author>
    <author>N. W. Schuck</author>
    <author>F. Schulz</author>
    <author>E. Seker</author>
    <author>M. Skiba</author>
    <author>M. Sosniok</author>
    <author>H. Stephan</author>
    <author>R. Wang</author>
    <author>T. Wang</author>
    <author>Karl David Wegner</author>
    <author>P. S. Weiss</author>
    <author>M. Xu</author>
    <author>C. Yang</author>
    <author>S. S. Zargarin</author>
    <author>Y. Zeng</author>
    <author>Y. Zhou</author>
    <author>D. Zhu</author>
    <author>R. Zierold</author>
    <author>W. J. Parak</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanoneuro interface</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Brain-on-a-chip</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanostructured interface</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electrode arrays</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Neuro-implants</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Advanced nanomaterials</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Quality assurance</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.2 Biophotonik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Sensorik</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/63489/QD Neuron_ASC Nano_2025.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>22230</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2010</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>373</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>379</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1278</issue>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>American Institute of Physics</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Melville, NY, USA</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Short-pulse laser induced transient structure formation and ablation studied with time-resolved coherent XUV-scattering</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">AIP Conference Proceedings 1278</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">24739</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-0-7354-0828-9</identifier>
    <note>Serientitel: AIP conference proceedings – Series title: AIP conference proceedings</note>
    <enrichment key="bibliotheksstandort">Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventName">International high-power laser ablation conference</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Santa Fe, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2010-04-18</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2010-04-22</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">01.11.2010</enrichment>
    <author>K. Sokolowski-Tinten</author>
    <author>A. Barty</author>
    <author>S. Boutet</author>
    <author>U. Shymanovich</author>
    <author>H. Chapman</author>
    <author>M. Bogan</author>
    <author>S. Marchesini</author>
    <author>S. Hau-Riege</author>
    <author>N. Stojanovic</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>Y. Rosandi</author>
    <author>H. M. Urbassek</author>
    <author>R. Tobey</author>
    <author>H. Ehrke</author>
    <author>A. Cavalleri</author>
    <author>S. Düsterer</author>
    <author>H. Redlin</author>
    <author>M. Frank</author>
    <author>S. Bajt</author>
    <author>J. Schulz</author>
    <author>M. Seibert</author>
    <author>J. Hajdu</author>
    <author>R. Treusch</author>
    <author>C. Bostedt</author>
    <author>M. Hoener</author>
    <author>T. Möller</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Femtosecond laser ablation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Free electron lasers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Coherent scattering</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57796</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>17639</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>17656</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>26</issue>
    <volume>25</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>RCS</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Does thermotropic liquid crystalline self-assembly control biological activity in amphiphilic amino acids? – tyrosine ILCs as a case study</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Amphiphilic amino acids represent promising scaffolds for biologically active soft matter. In order to understand the bulk self-assembly of amphiphilic amino acids into thermotropic liquid crystalline phases and their biological properties a series of tyrosine ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) was synthesized, carrying a benzoate unit with 0–3 alkoxy chains at the tyrosine unit and a cationic guanidinium head group. Investigation of the mesomorphic properties by polarizing optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (WAXS, SAXS) revealed smectic A bilayers (SmAd) for ILCs with 4-alkoxy- and 3,4-dialkoxybenzoates, whereas ILCs with 3,4,5-trisalkoxybenzoates showed hexagonal columnar mesophases (Colh ), while different counterions had only a minor influence. Dielectric measurements revealed a slightly higher dipole moment of non-mesomorphic tyrosine-benzoates as compared to their mesomorphic counterparts. The absence of lipophilic side chains on the benzoate unit was important for the biological activity. Thus, non-mesomorphic tyrosine benzoates and crown ether benzoates devoid of additional side chains at the benzoate unit displayed the highest cytotoxicities (against L929 mouse fibroblast cell line) and antimicrobial activity (against Escherichia coli DTolC and Staphylococcus aureus) and promising selectivity ratio in favour of antimicrobial activity.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1039/d3cp00485f</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1463-9076</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">03.07.2023</enrichment>
    <author>M. A. Grunwald</author>
    <author>S. E. Hagenlocher</author>
    <author>L. Turkanovic</author>
    <author>S. M. Bauch</author>
    <author>S. B. Wachsmann</author>
    <author>L. A. Altevogt</author>
    <author>M. Ebert</author>
    <author>J. A. Knöller</author>
    <author>A. R. Raab</author>
    <author>F. Schulz</author>
    <author>Mohamed A. Kolmangadi</author>
    <author>A. Zens</author>
    <author>P. Huber</author>
    <author>Andreas Schönhals</author>
    <author>U. Bilitiewski</author>
    <author>S. Laschat</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Liquid Crystals</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.6 Digitale Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>37625</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>2015</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation>IEEE</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Towards nanoreliability of CNT-based sensor applications: Investigations of CNT-metal interfaces combining molecular dynamics simulations, advanced in situ experiments and analytics</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this paper we present results of our recent efforts to understand the mechanical interface behaviour of single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) embedded in metal matrices. We conducted experimental pull-out tests of CNTs embedded in Pd or Au and found Maximum forces in the range 10 - 102 nN. These values are in good agreement with forces obtained from molecular Dynamics simulations taking into account surface functional Groups (SFGs) covalently linked to the CNT material. The dominant failure mode in experiment is a CNT rupture, which can be explained with the presence of SFGs. To qualify the existence of SFGs on our used CNT material, we pursue investigations by means of fluorescence labeling of surface species in combination with Raman imaging. We also report of a tensile test system to perform pull-out tests inside a transmission electron microscope to obtain in situ images of CNT-metal interfaces under mechanical loads at the atomic scale.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2015 16th International Conference on Thermal, Mechanical and Multi-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-4799-9950-7</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">2015 16th International Conference on Thermal, Mechanical and Multi-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Budapest, Hungary</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">20.4.2015</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">04.10.2016</enrichment>
    <author>S. Hartmann</author>
    <author>A. Shaporin</author>
    <author>S. Hermann</author>
    <author>J. Bonitz</author>
    <author>M. Heggen</author>
    <author>P. Meszmer</author>
    <author>Heinz Sturm</author>
    <author>O. Hölck</author>
    <author>T. Blaudeck</author>
    <author>S. E. Schulz</author>
    <author>J. Mehner</author>
    <author>T. Gessner</author>
    <author>B. Wunderle</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Carbon nanotube CNT</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Metal matrix</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pull-out test</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Molecular dynamics simulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface functional groups</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fluorescence labeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Raman imaging</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tensile test inside a TEM</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>25928</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2012</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>76</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>08006</issue>
    <volume>49</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Inst. of Physics Publ.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Bristol</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Final report of the pilot study CCQM-P110-B1: A comparison of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in nitrogen standards at 10 µmol/mol by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This pilot study compares the performance of participants in analyzing gas mixtures of nitrogen dioxide in nitrogen by comparison with in-house gravimetric standards using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). In this study the same gas mixtures were used as in the key comparison CCQM-K74, which was designed to evaluate the level of comparability of National Metrology Institutes' measurement capabilities for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at a nominal mole fraction of 10 µmol/mol. In the comparison CCQM-K74 most of the participants used chemiluminescence, with a small number using UV absorption or FT-IR spectroscopy, and thus it is of interest to improve understanding of the comparative performance of these techniques because they do not exhibit any cross-sensitivity to nitric acid (HNO3), which was known to be present in the mixtures used for the comparison.&#13;
&#13;
The results of this pilot study indicate good consistency and a level of agreement similar to that reported in the comparison CCQM-K74, demonstrating that FT-IR can be operated as a comparison method when calibrated with appropriate gas standards and can achieve similar measurement uncertainties to chemiluminescence and UV absorption techniques.&#13;
&#13;
An additional pilot study, CCQM-P110-B2, was conducted on the same gas mixtures in parallel with this pilot study. The second study addressed FT-IR spectroscopy when used to measure the gas mixtures with respect to reference spectra. The results of this second study will be reported elsewhere.&#13;
&#13;
Main text. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report.&#13;
&#13;
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM-GAWG.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
DatesIssue 1A (Technical Supplement 2012)</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Metrologia</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">28663</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1088/0026-1394/49/1A/08006</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0026-1394</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1681-7575</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">31.05.2012</enrichment>
    <author>E. Flores</author>
    <author>F. Idrees</author>
    <author>P. Moussay</author>
    <author>J. Viallon</author>
    <author>R. Wielgosz</author>
    <author>T. Fernández</author>
    <author>A. Rojo</author>
    <author>S. Ramírez</author>
    <author>N. Aoki</author>
    <author>K. Kato</author>
    <author>L. Jeongsoon</author>
    <author>D. Moon</author>
    <author>J.-S. Kim</author>
    <author>A. Harling</author>
    <author>M. Milton</author>
    <author>D. Smeulders</author>
    <author>F.R. Guenther</author>
    <author>L. Gameson</author>
    <author>A. Botha</author>
    <author>J. Tshilongo</author>
    <author>N.G. Ntsasa</author>
    <author>M. Valková</author>
    <author>L. Konopelko</author>
    <author>Y.A. Kustikov</author>
    <author>V. S. Ballandovich</author>
    <author>E.V. Gromova</author>
    <author>Dirk Tuma</author>
    <author>Anka Kohl</author>
    <author>Gert Schulz</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ringversuch</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NO2</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spurenverunreinigungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>FT-IR-Spektroskopie</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>25929</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2012</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>76</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>08001</issue>
    <volume>49</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Inst. of Physics Publ.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Bristol</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">International comparison CCQM-K66: Impurity analysis of methane</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This key comparison was performed to demonstrate the capability of NMIs to analyse the purity of methane for use as a source gas in the preparation of standard gas mixtures. This capability is an essential requirement for the preparation of accurate standards of natural gas and some other fuels.&#13;
&#13;
Since it is difficult to carry out a comparison with individual samples of pure gas, the sample for this comparison was a synthetic mixture of high purity methane with selected added impurities of nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide and ethane. These mixtures were prepared by a gas company as a batch of 10 cylinders and their homogeneity and stability were evaluated by NMIJ.&#13;
&#13;
The KCRVs for the four different analytes in this key comparison are based on a consensus of values reported by participants. The uncertainties in the degrees of equivalence were calculated by combining the reported uncertainties with the homogeneity of the samples and the uncertainty of the KCRV. The results submitted are generally consistent with the KCRV within the estimated uncertainties.&#13;
&#13;
Finally, this comparison demonstrates that the analysis of nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide and ethane in methane at amount fractions of 1 µmol/mol to 5 µmol/mol is generally possible with an uncertainty of 5% to 10%.&#13;
&#13;
Main text. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.&#13;
&#13;
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA).&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
DatesIssue 1A (Technical Supplement 2012)</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Metrologia</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">28664</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1088/0026-1394/49/1A/08001</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0026-1394</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1681-7575</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">31.05.2012</enrichment>
    <author>K. Kato</author>
    <author>T. Watanabe</author>
    <author>Hans-Joachim Heine</author>
    <author>Claudia Boissière</author>
    <author>Gert Schulz</author>
    <author>J.-C. Woo</author>
    <author>J.S. Kim</author>
    <author>O. Sang-Hyub</author>
    <author>H. K. Bae</author>
    <author>Y.D. Kim</author>
    <author>H. Qiao</author>
    <author>F.R. Guenther</author>
    <author>G. C. Roderick</author>
    <author>W. Miller</author>
    <author>D. Smeulders</author>
    <author>A. Botha</author>
    <author>M.J. van Rensburg</author>
    <author>J. Tshilongo</author>
    <author>N. Leshabane</author>
    <author>N. Ntsasa</author>
    <author>M. Milton</author>
    <author>G. Vargha</author>
    <author>A. Harling</author>
    <author>L. Konopelko</author>
    <author>Y.A. Kustikov</author>
    <author>I.I. Vasserman</author>
    <author>S. V. Zavyalov</author>
    <author>T.A. Popova</author>
    <author>V.V. Pankratov</author>
    <author>M.N. Pir</author>
    <author>M.A. Maltsev</author>
    <author>R. Oudwater</author>
    <author>S. Persijn</author>
    <author>J. van Wijk</author>
    <author>R. M. Wessel</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ringversuch</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Methan</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spurenverunreinigungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gaschromatographie</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>29699</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2013</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>14284</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>14292</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>46</issue>
    <volume>29</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>American Chemical Society</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Washington, DC</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Synthesis and coordinative layer-by-layer deposition of pyridine-functionalized gold nanoparticles and tetralactam macrocycles on silicon substrates</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Coordination chemistry was applied to deposit pyridine-functionalized gold nanoparticles on silicon substrates. The particles were synthesized through the Brust/Schiffrin route with a subsequent ligand exchange reaction yielding well-defined particles of two different sizes. Multilayer deposition was carried out on a pyridine-terminated SAM, anchored on a hydroxyl-terminated silicon surface. Analogously, Hunter/Vögtle-type tetralactam macrocycle multilayers were deposited as well as mixed layers containing both either in an alternating sequence or as a macrocycle multilayer with a terminating nanoparticle layer. These composite layers were examined with respect to their ability to bind squaraine axles in the macrocycle cavities. The amount of guest bound is higher for the composite layer with alternating macrocycles and nanoparticles.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Langmuir</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">32629</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1021/la403222x</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0743-7463</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1520-5827</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">05.12.2013</enrichment>
    <author>C. H.-H. Traulsen</author>
    <author>V. Kunz</author>
    <author>Thomas Heinrich</author>
    <author>S. Richter</author>
    <author>Markus Holzweber</author>
    <author>A. Schulz</author>
    <author>L. K. S. von Krbek</author>
    <author>U. T. J. Scheuschner</author>
    <author>J. Poppenberg</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Unger</author>
    <author>C. A. Schalley</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Layer-by-layer deposition</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Functionalized Au nanoparticles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>SEM</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>TEM</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DLS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>XPS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NEXAFS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ToF-SIMS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>IR</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>UV-vis</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>61046</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>2334</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>2348</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>10</issue>
    <volume>14</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Optica Publishing Group</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Washington DC, USA</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Impact of Ho3+, Er3+, and Tm3+ on laser cooling of Yb:YLF</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Ytterbium-doped LiYF4 (Yb:YLF) is a promising material for all-solid-state optical cryocoolers, but the impact of foreign rare-earth impurities on the laser-cooling performance is not completely understood. In particular, Tm3+ has been reported to reduce the background absorption. This study quantitatively assesses the impact of Ho3+, Tm3+, and Er3+ impurities on laser-cooling of Yb:YLF by anti-Stokes fluorescence. We grew five Yb(5%):YLF crystals intentionally doped with tens of ppm levels of these impurities. Laser-induced thermal modulation spectroscopy tests confirmed that these rare-earth impurities reduce the external quantum efficiency of Yb:YLF without affecting the background absorption coefficient. Although Er3+ is a well-known quencher for Yb3+, Er3+ co-doping only slightly decreases the laser-cooling efficiency at low pump intensities but becomes detrimental at high pump intensities (&gt;5 kW cm−2). However, this detrimental effect diminishes at lower temperatures, as evidenced by cooling an Er3+ co-doped crystal to the same minimum temperature of 144K as a solely Yb3+-doped crystal. Contrary to previous reports, Tm3+ proved to be the most detrimental among the three impurities.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Optical Materials Express</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1364/OME.538215</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">21.10.2024</enrichment>
    <author>S. Püschel</author>
    <author>Z. Liestmann</author>
    <author>S. Kalusniak</author>
    <author>C. Kränkel</author>
    <author>Andreas Schulz</author>
    <author>Heike Traub</author>
    <author>H. Tanaka</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ICP</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser cooling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Impurity</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LiYF4</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Crystal</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.1 Anorganische Spurenanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemische Charakterisierung und Spurenanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>28007</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2012</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>103</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>110</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>Supplemental Proceedings</issue>
    <volume>1</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>John Wiley &amp; Sons</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Hoboken, NJ, USA</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>The Minerals, Metals &amp; Materials Society (TMS)</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of heat treatment on the corrosion of steels in CCS environment</title>
    <abstract language="eng">To predict the reliability and safety during the injection of compressed emission gasses - mainly containing CO2 -  into deep geologica! layers (CCS-technoIogy, Carbon Capture and Storage), the influence of heat treatment on pit corrosion needs to be considered. In laboratory Experiments different heat treated steeis used as injection pipe with 13% Chromium and 0.46% Carbon (X46CrI3, 1.4034) and 0.2% Carbon (X20Crl3. 1.4021) as well as 16% Chromium Steel XöCrNiCuNb 16-4 (1.4542) were tested. The samples were exposed up to 1 year to the distinct synthetic aquifer environment saturated with technical CO2 at a flow rate of 3 l/h. The corrosion rate generally does not exceed 0.03 mm/year. Pits with maximum pit heights around 300 µm were obtained for hardened X20Crl3 with martensitic microstructure. The least amount of pits is found on X46Crl3. The higher carbon content in, X46Crl3 (0.46% C), results in a lower amount ofpits compared to X20Crl3 (0.20%).</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">TMS 2012 - 141st Annual Meeting &amp; Exhibition (Proceedings)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">30850</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-11829-607-3</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">TMS 2012 - 141st Annual Meeting &amp; Exhibition</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Orlando, FL, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">11.03.2012</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">15.03.2012</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">11.04.2013</enrichment>
    <author>Anja Pfennig</author>
    <author>S. Schulz</author>
    <author>T. Werlitz</author>
    <author>E. Bülow</author>
    <author>S. Wetzlich</author>
    <author>J. Tietböhl</author>
    <author>C. Frieslich</author>
    <author>Axel Kranzmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CCS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Carbon capture and storage</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Corrosion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pipeline</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Carbon</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Heat treatment</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CO2-storage</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>35268</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1260</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1263</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation>The European Microwave Association (EuMA)</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Continuously tuneable liquid crystal based stripline phase shifter realised in LTCC technology</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This work presents the design, fabrication and measurements of a low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) integrated liquid crystal (LC) phase shifter. The effective permittivity of the phase shifter and therefore its differential phase shift can be tuned continuously by orienting the LC directors with electric fields. The phase-shift demonstrator is designed for Ka-band frequencies around 30 GHz and represents a stripline filled with LC, embedded inside an LTCC multilayer structure, which provides a space-qualified and hermetically-sealed LC cavity within an RF-capable material system. The total length of the device is 37 mm while the phase shifting LC section has a length of 14.6 mm. At 30 GHz it exhibits a differential phase shift of 60° with an insertion loss around 6 dB, resulting in a figure of merit around 10°/dB. An advantage is that the insertion loss is nearly independent of the tuning state of the LC. The response time of the phase shifter, depending on the desired LC orientation, is between 62 ms and 37 s.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">EuMC 2015 - 45th European microwave conference (Proceedings)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-2-87487-039-2</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">EuMC 2015 - 45th European microwave conference</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Paris, France</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">07.09.2015</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">10.09.2015</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">18.01.2016</enrichment>
    <author>M. Jost</author>
    <author>S. Strunck</author>
    <author>Andreas Heunisch</author>
    <author>A. Wiens</author>
    <author>A.E. Prasetiadi</author>
    <author>C. Weickhmann</author>
    <author>Bärbel Schulz</author>
    <author>M. Quibeldey</author>
    <author>O.H. Karabey</author>
    <author>Torsten Rabe</author>
    <author>R. Follmann</author>
    <author>D. Koether</author>
    <author>R. Jakoby</author>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52409</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1382</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1391</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>10</issue>
    <volume>48</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Taylor &amp; Francis</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Liquid crystalline hydrazones revisited: dipolar interactions vs hydrogen bonding affecting mesomorphic properties</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In order to understand the role of dipolar interactions vs. H-bonding, a series of hydrazones were synthesised from 4-alkoxy-, 3,4-dialkoxy- or 3,4,5-trialkoxybenzaldehydes and phenyl, bromo- or nitrophenylhydrazine, respectively. Their mesomorphic properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarising optical microscopy (POM), X-ray diffraction (WAXS, SAXS) and compared with known members. Only those hydrazones derived from 3,4,5-trisalkoxybenzaldehyde and either meta, meta-dinitro- or ortho, para-dinitrophenylhydrazine displayed hexagonal columnar mesophases. All other derivatives were non-mesomorphic, even when H-bonds were present. Dipole moments of the various nitro-substituted hydrazones were experimentally determined by dielectric measurements and supported by theoretical DFT calculations, which indicated that the mesophase formation is mostly governed by strong dipole moment and further enforced by intramolecular H-bonding.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Liquid Crystals</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1080/02678292.2021.1873438</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">12.04.2021</enrichment>
    <author>J. Knelles</author>
    <author>C. Wanner</author>
    <author>F. Schulz</author>
    <author>M. Freund</author>
    <author>Mohamed Aejaz Kolmangadi</author>
    <author>A. Baro</author>
    <author>P. Huber</author>
    <author>Andreas Schönhals</author>
    <author>S. Lachat</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Discotic liquid crystals</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.6 Digitale Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54347</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>8</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Quantitative considerations about the size dependence of cellular entry and excretion of colloidal nanoparticles for different cell types</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Most studies about the interaction of nanoparticles (NPs) with cells have focused on how the physicochemical properties of NPs will influence their uptake by cells. However, much less is known about their potential excretion from cells. However, to control and manipulate the number of NPs in a cell, both cellular uptake and excretion must be studied quantitatively. Monitoring the intracellular and extracellular amount of NPs over time (after residual noninternalized NPs have been removed) enables one to disentangle the influences of cell proliferation and exocytosis, the major pathways for the reduction of NPs per cell. Proliferation depends on the type of cells, while exocytosis depends in addition on properties of the NPs, such as their size. Examples are given herein on the role of these two different processes for different cells and NPs.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">ChemTexts</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40828-021-00159-6</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-543476</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2199-3793</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">16.02.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="RelatedIdentifier">https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/55451</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Y. Kang</author>
    <author>L. M. Nack</author>
    <author>Y. Liu</author>
    <author>B. Qi</author>
    <author>Y. Huang</author>
    <author>Z. Liu</author>
    <author>I. Chakraborty</author>
    <author>F. Schulz</author>
    <author>A. A. A. Ahmed</author>
    <author>M. C. Poveda</author>
    <author>F. Hafizi</author>
    <author>S. Roy</author>
    <author>M. Mutas</author>
    <author>M. Holzapfel</author>
    <author>C. Sanchez-Cano</author>
    <author>Karl David Wegner</author>
    <author>N. Feliu</author>
    <author>W. J. Parak</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cell proliferation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Exocytosis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gold nanoparticles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Quantum dots</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fluorescence</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Uptake studies</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.2 Biophotonik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt-Material-Interaktionen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/54347/Kang_Chemtexts_QuantitativeConsiderations.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>31198</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>7</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Cambridge Univ. Press</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Cambridge</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Reliability study of a tunable ka-band SIW-phase shifter based on liquid crystal in LTCC-technology</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A tunable substrate-integrated waveguide phase shifter using low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC)-technology is presented in this paper. By changing the effective permittivity in the liquid crystal (LC)-filled waveguide, the differential phase can be tuned continuously. This is achieved by means of an analog signal applied to the electrodes, surrounding the LC. The design allows for precise tuning of the differential phase, which is proven with a Monte Carlo measurement resulting in phase errors of less than 3° at 28 GHz. Besides that, the ambient temperature dependency of the module is shown. The phase shifter has a high integration level and can be included into a complete and lightweight single-phased array antenna module. The phase shifter is realized with a high level of integration which is available through the multilayer process of the LTCC. It has a length of 50 and provides a differential phase shift of more than 360° at 28 GHz. The figure of merit for tunable phase shifters is &gt;40°/dB.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">International journal of microwave and wireless technologies</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">34196</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1017/S175907871400083X</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1759-0787</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1759-0795</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">21.08.2014</enrichment>
    <author>S. Strunck</author>
    <author>A. Gaebler</author>
    <author>O.H. Karabey</author>
    <author>Andreas Heunisch</author>
    <author>Bärbel Schulz</author>
    <author>Torsten Rabe</author>
    <author>R. Follmann</author>
    <author>J. Kassner</author>
    <author>D. Koether</author>
    <author>A. Manabe</author>
    <author>R. Jakoby</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Passive components and circuits</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>New and emerging technologies and materials</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>19638</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2009</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>2980</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>2992</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>13</issue>
    <volume>21</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>American Chemical Society</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Washington, DC</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Metallo-supramolecular nanospheres via hierarchical self-assembly</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A novel coordination oligo/polymer is synthesized by metal-directed self-assembly from equimolar amounts of the (dppp)M(OTf)2 precursor complexes (dppp = bis-(diphenylphosphino)-propane, OTf = triflate; M = PdII or M = PtII) and banana-shaped bidentate dipyridyl ligands. The assemblies were characterized by ESI mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. The analysis of the cloudy suspension prepared by dissolving the coordination polymer in aqueous methanol solutions indicates nanosized spherical objects to form. Evidence for vesicle formation from these metallo-supramolecular oligomers comes from (cryogenic) transmission electron microscopy (TEM, cryo-TEM). Atomic force microscopy revealed stable nanospheres on hydrophilic mica and monolayer formation on hydrophobic highly oriented pyrolitic graphite (HOPG) substrates. On mica, also torus-shaped object were observed, which are rationalized by vesicles that opened during the drying procedure and released the internal solvent. Elemental analysis of the nanoassemblies by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicates uncoordinated and coordinated pyridines in the coordination polymers that form the nanospheres. Various control experiments using different metal centers and modified ligands support the conclusions.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Chemistry of materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">21881</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1021/cm900642p</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0897-4756</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1520-5002</identifier>
    <enrichment key="bibliotheksstandort">Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">13.07.2009</enrichment>
    <author>H.T. Baytekin</author>
    <author>B. Baytekin</author>
    <author>a. Schulz</author>
    <author>A. Springer</author>
    <author>Thomas Gross</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Unger</author>
    <author>M. Artamonova</author>
    <author>S. Schlecht</author>
    <author>D. Lentz</author>
    <author>C.A. Schalley</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Self-assembly</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Metallo-supramolecular chemistry</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Coordination polymers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Vesicles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electron microscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nano-materials</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>22255</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2010</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>12840</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>12846</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>40</issue>
    <volume>114</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Soc.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Washington, DC</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>American Chemical Society</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Molecular relaxation processes in a MOF-5 structure revealed by broadband dielectric spectroscopy: signature of phenylene ring fluctuations</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The molecular mobility of a MOF-5 metal–organic framework was investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy. Three relaxation processes were revealed. The temperature dependence of their relaxation rates follows an Arrhenius law. The process observed at lower temperatures is attributed to bending fluctuations of the edges of the cages involving the Zn–O clusters. The processes ('region II') at higher temperatures were assigned to fluctuations of phenyl rings in agreement with the NMR data found by Gould et al. (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 3246). The carboxylate groups might also be involved. The rotational fluctuations of the phenyl rings leading to the low frequency part of relaxation region II might be hindered either by some solvent molecules entrapped in the cages or by an interpenetrated structure and have a broad distribution of activation energies. The high frequency part of region II corresponds nearly to a Debye-like process: This is explained by a well-defined structure of empty pores.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">The journal of physical chemistry / B</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">24767</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1021/jp1071617</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1520-6106</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1520-5207</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1089-5647</identifier>
    <enrichment key="bibliotheksstandort">Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">02.11.2010</enrichment>
    <author>S. Frunza</author>
    <author>Andreas Schönhals</author>
    <author>L. Frunza</author>
    <author>P. Ganea</author>
    <author>H. Kosslick</author>
    <author>J. Harloff</author>
    <author>A. Schulz</author>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2707</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2003</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1127</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1143</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>8</issue>
    <volume>17</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>VNU Science Press</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Utrecht</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Characterization of fluorinated polyethylene surfaces</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Polyethylene foils, used as greenhouse foils stabilized with various types of sterically hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS), showed an extraordinary prolonged lifetime on exposure to natural or artificial weathering if a gas-phase fluorination under low-pressure conditions was applied. The fluorination was performed using F2/N2 mixtures and provided ca. 50 F/100 C (fluorination degree ap25%). The lifetimes of fluorinated PE foils on exposure to artificial or natural weathering were increased at least by a factor of 2-4 as measured in terms of tensile strength and elongation at break.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of adhesion science and technology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">2686</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1163/156856103322113832</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0169-4243</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1568-5616</identifier>
    <enrichment key="bibliotheksstandort">ZJ 126</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">03.11.2003</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Florian Friedrich</author>
    <author>Gerhard Kühn</author>
    <author>Ulrich Schulz</author>
    <author>Kirsten Jansen</author>
    <author>Angela Bertus</author>
    <author>S. Fischer</author>
    <author>B. Möller</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gas phase fluorination of PE</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fluorination kinetics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Weathering</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>6821</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>1993</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>285</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>290</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>48</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Barking</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Investigation of Morphology-dependent Fracture Behaviour with the Single-fibre Pull-out Test</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Composites science and technology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">7239</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0266-3538</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">07.02.2005</enrichment>
    <author>S. Meretz</author>
    <author>W. Auersch</author>
    <author>Christian Marotzke</author>
    <author>Eckhard Schulz</author>
    <author>Andreas Hampe</author>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2176</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2001</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>8886</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8893</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>34</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>American Chemical Society</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Washington, DC</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Macrocycles 18. The Role of Cyclization in Syntheses of Poly(ether-sulfone)s</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Poly(ether-sulfone)s having an identical backbone were prepared by four different methods. First, silylated bisphenol A (BSBA) was polycondensed with 4,4'-difluorodiphenyl sulfone (DFDPS) and K2CO3 in N-methylpyrrolidone with variation of the temperature. Second, analogous polycondensation were conducted using CsF as catalyst (and no K2CO3). Third, CsF-catalyzed polycondensations BSBA and DFDPS were conducted in bulk up to 290 C. Fourth, free bisphenol was polycondensed with DFDPS or 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone and K2CO3 in DMSO with azeotropic removal of water. MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy revealed that the first method mainly yielded cyclic poly(ether-sulfone)s which were detected up to masses around 13 000 Da. These and other results suggest that these polycondensations take a kinetically kontrolled course at tempeatures 145 C. This interpretation is also valid for the fourth method where high yields of cycles were obtained with DFDPS. With the less reactive 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone lower conversions, lower molecular weights and lower fractions of cycles were found. In contrast to KF (resulting from K2CO3) CsF cleaves the poly(ether sulfone) backbone at temperatures &gt; 145 C. Smaller amounts of smaller cycles were found in these CsF-catalyzed polycondensations which were in this case the result of thermodynamically controlled "back-biting degradation".</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Macromolecules</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">2109</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1021/ma010218l</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0024-9297</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1520-5835</identifier>
    <enrichment key="bibliotheksstandort">Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">16.01.2003</enrichment>
    <author>H.R. Kricheldorf</author>
    <author>S. Böhme</author>
    <author>G. Schwarz</author>
    <author>Ralph-Peter Krüger</author>
    <author>Günter Schulz</author>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>16026</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2007</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>476</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>484</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <volume>313</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Orlando, Fla.</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Interfacial behavior between atmospheric-plasma-fluorinated carbon fibers and poly(vinylidene fluoride)</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Atmospheric-plasma fluorination was used to introduce fluorine functionalities onto the surface of carbon fibers without affecting their bulk properties. The interfacial adhesion between atmospheric-plasma-fluorinated carbon fibers and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was studied by means of direct wetting measurements and single fiber pullout tests. Measured contact angles of PVDF melt droplets on modified carbon fibers show that short exposure times of carbon fibers to atmospheric-plasma fluorination (corresponding to a degree of surface fluorination of F/C = 0.01 (1.1%)) leads to improved wettability of the fibers by PVDF melts. The apparent interfacial shear strength as a measure of practical adhesion, determined by the single-fiber pullout test, increases by 65% under optimal treatment conditions. The improved practical adhesion is not due to the formation of transcrystalline regions around the fibers or a change of the bulk matrix crystallinity or to an increased surface roughness; it seems to be due to the compatibilization of the interface caused of the atmospheric-plasma fluorination of the carbon fibers.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of colloid and interface science</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">17982</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.jcis.2007.04.076</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0021-9797</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1095-7103</identifier>
    <enrichment key="bibliotheksstandort">Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">25.10.2007</enrichment>
    <author>K.K.C. Ho</author>
    <author>S. Lamoriniere</author>
    <author>Gerhard Kalinka</author>
    <author>Eckhard Schulz</author>
    <author>A. Bismarck</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Carbon fibers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fluorination</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Contact angle</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Interface</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Adhesion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface area</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fiber properties</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52751</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>104532</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>72</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">CEQAT-DGHS interlaboratory tests for chemical safety: Validation of laboratory test methods by determining the measurement uncertainty and probability of incorrect classification including so-called “Shark profiles”</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Laboratory test results are of vital importance for correctly classifying and labelling chemicals as “hazardous” as defined in the UN Globally Harmonized System (GHS) / EC CLP Regulation or as “dangerous goods” as defined in the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Interlaboratory tests play a decisive role in assessing the reliability of laboratory test results. Interlaboratory tests performed over the last 10 years have examined different laboratory test methods. After analysing the results of these interlaboratory tests, the following conclusions can be drawn: &#13;
1. There is a need for improvement and validation for all laboratory test methods examined. &#13;
2. To avoid any discrepancy concerning the classification and labelling of chemicals, the use of validated laboratory test methods should be state of the art, with the results accompanied by the measurement uncertainty and (if applicable) the probability of incorrect classification. &#13;
&#13;
This paper addresses the probability of correct/incorrect classification (for example, as dangerous goods) on the basis of the measurement deviation obtained from interlaboratory tests performed by the Centre for quality assurance for testing of dangerous goods and hazardous substances (CEQAT-DGHS) to validate laboratory test methods. This paper outlines typical results (e.g. so-called “Shark profiles” – the probability of incorrect classification as a function of the true value estimated from interlaboratory test data) as well as general conclusions and steps to be taken to guarantee that laboratory test results are fit for purpose and of high quality.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.jlp.2021.104532</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0950-4230/</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">13th International Symposium on Hazards, Prevention and Mitigation of Industrial Explosions (ISHPMIE 2020)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Brunswick, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">27.07.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">31.07.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">16.08.2021</enrichment>
    <author>Peter Lüth</author>
    <author>S. Uhlig</author>
    <author>K. Frost</author>
    <author>Marcus Malow</author>
    <author>Heike Michael-Schulz</author>
    <author>Martin Schmidt</author>
    <author>Sabine Zakel</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dangerous goods</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hazardous substances</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Interlaboratory test</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Test method</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Validation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Quality assurance</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Measurement uncertainty</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Incorrect classification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Shark profiles</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2.1 Sicherheit von Energieträgern</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2.3 Einstufung von Gefahrstoffen und -gütern</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>25927</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2012</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>117</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>08005</issue>
    <volume>49</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Inst. of Physics Publ.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Bristol</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Final report on international comparison CCQM-K74: Nitrogen dioxide, 10 µmol/mol</title>
    <abstract language="eng">There is a high international priority attached to activities which reduce NOx in the atmosphere. The current level of permitted emissions is typically between 50 µmol/mol and 100 µmol/mol, but lower values are expected in the future. Currently, ambient air quality monitoring regulations also require the measurement of NOx mole fractions as low as 0.2 µmol/mol. The production of accurate standards at these levels of mole fractions requires either dilution of a stable higher concentration gas standard or production by a dynamic technique, for example one based on permeation tubes.&#13;
&#13;
The CCQM-K74 key comparison was designed to evaluate the level of comparability of National Metrology Institutes' measurement capabilities and standards for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at a nominal mole fraction of 10 µmol/mol.&#13;
&#13;
The measurements of this key comparison took place from June 2009 to May 2010.&#13;
&#13;
Seventeen laboratories took part in this comparison coordinated by the BIPM and VSL. The key comparison reference value was based on BIPM measurement results, and the standard measurement uncertainty of the reference value was 0.042 µmol/mol.&#13;
&#13;
This key comparison demonstrated that the results of the majority of the participants agreed within limits of ±3% relative to the reference value. The results of only one laboratory lay significantly outside these limits. Likewise this comparison made clear that a full interpretation of the results of the comparison needed to take into account the presence of nitric acid (in the range 100 nmol/mol to 350 nmol/mol) in the cylinders circulated as part of the comparison, as well as the possible presence of nitric acid in the primary standards used by participating laboratories.&#13;
&#13;
Main text. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.&#13;
&#13;
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA).&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
DatesIssue 1A (Technical Supplement 2012)</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Metrologia</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">28662</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1088/0026-1394/49/1A/08005</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0026-1394</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1681-7575</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">31.05.2012</enrichment>
    <author>E. Flores</author>
    <author>F. Idrees</author>
    <author>P. Moussay</author>
    <author>J. Viallon</author>
    <author>R. Wielgosz</author>
    <author>T. Fernández</author>
    <author>S. Ramírez</author>
    <author>A. Rojo</author>
    <author>U. Shinji</author>
    <author>J. Waldén</author>
    <author>M. Sega</author>
    <author>O. Sang-Hyub</author>
    <author>T. Macé</author>
    <author>C. Couret</author>
    <author>H. Qiao</author>
    <author>D. Smeulders</author>
    <author>F.R. Guenther</author>
    <author>W.J. III Thorn</author>
    <author>J. Tshilongo</author>
    <author>N.G. Ntsasa</author>
    <author>V. Stovcík</author>
    <author>M. Valková</author>
    <author>L. Konopelko</author>
    <author>E. Gromova</author>
    <author>G. Nieuwenkamp</author>
    <author>R. M. Wessel</author>
    <author>M. Milton</author>
    <author>A. Harling</author>
    <author>G. Vargha</author>
    <author>Dirk Tuma</author>
    <author>Anka Kohl</author>
    <author>Gert Schulz</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ringversuch</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NO2</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spurenverunreinigungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Meßverfahren</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>35795</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1217</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1233</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>51</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Experimental and computational studies on the role of surface functional groups in the mechanical behavior of interfaces between single-walled carbon nanotubes and metals</title>
    <abstract language="eng">To study the mechanical interface behavior of single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) embedded in a noble metal, we performed CNT-metal pull-out tests with in situ scanning electron microscope experiments. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted to predict force-displacement data during pull-out, providing critical forces for failure of the system. In MD simulations, we focused on the influence of carboxylic surface functional groups (SFGs) covalently linked to the CNT. Experimentally obtained maximum forces between 10 and 102 nN in palladium and gold matrices and simulated achievable pulling forces agree very well. The dominant failure mode in the experiment is CNT rupture, although several pull-out failures were also observed. We explain the huge scatter of experimental values with varying embedding length and SFG surface density. From simulation, we found that SFGs act as small anchors in the metal matrix and significantly enhance the maximum forces. This interface reinforcement can lead to tensile stresses sufficiently high to initiate CNT rupture. To qualify the existence of carboxylic SFGs on our CNT material, we performed analytical investigation by means of fluorescence labeling of surface species and discuss the results. With this contribution, we focus on a synergy between computational and experimental approaches involving MD simulations, nano scale testing, and analytics (1) to predict to a good degree of accuracy maximum pull-out forces of single-walled CNTs embedded in a noble metal matrix and (2) to provide valuable input to understand the underlying mechanisms of failure with focus on SFGs. This is of fundamental interest for the design of future mechanical sensors incorporating piezoresistive single-walled CNTs as the sensing element.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of materials science</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s10853-015-9142-6</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0022-2461</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1573-4803</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">26.04.2016</enrichment>
    <author>S Hartmann</author>
    <author>Heinz Sturm</author>
    <author>T Blaudeck</author>
    <author>O Hoelck</author>
    <author>S Hermann</author>
    <author>SE Schulz</author>
    <author>B. Wunderle</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oxygen-containing functionalities</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Molecular-dynamics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Structural characterization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reinforced composites</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Raman spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Shear strength</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polymer matrix</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pull-out</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Simulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Purification</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>43983</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1600</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1607</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <volume>38</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Sintering behavior, microstructure and thermoelectric properties of calcium cobaltite thickfilms for transversal thermoelectric multilayer generators</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The sintering behavior and the thermoelectric performance of Ca3Co4O9 multilayer laminates were studied, and a multilayer thermoelectric generator was fabricated. Compacts and multilayer samples with anisotropic microstructure and residual porosity were obtained after conventional sintering at 920 °C, whereas dense and isotropic multilayer samples were prepared by firing at 1200 °C and reoxidation at 900 °C. A hot-pressed sample has a dense and anisotropic microstructure. Samples sintered at 920 °C exhibit low electrical conductivity due to the low density, whereas the Seebeck coefficient is not sensitive to preparation conditions. However, thermal conductivity of multilayers is very low, and, hence acceptable ZT values are obtained. A ransversal multilayer thermoelectric generator (TMLTEG) was fabricated by stacking layers of Ca3Co4O9 green tapes, AgPd conductor printing, and co-firing at 920 °C. The TMLTEG has a power output of 3 mW at ΔT =200 K in the temperature interval of 25 °C to 300 °C.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of the European Ceramic Society</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2017.11.017</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0955-2219</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1873-619X</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">01.03.2018</enrichment>
    <author>T. Schulz</author>
    <author>T. Reimann</author>
    <author>A. Bochmann</author>
    <author>A. Vogel</author>
    <author>B. Capraro</author>
    <author>Björn Mieller</author>
    <author>S. Teichert</author>
    <author>J. Töpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermoelectric oxide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Calcium cobaltite</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pressure-assisted sintering</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multilayer</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7540</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2005</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1564</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1573</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>10</issue>
    <volume>65</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Barking</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Electrocoating of carbon fibres: A route for interface control in carbon fibre reinforced poly methylmethacrylate?</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A simple method of creating defined PMMA and poly (MMA-co-Cz) electrocoatings on carbon fibres is described. The electrodeposition of poly methylmethacrylate (PMMA) onto unsized, unmodified carbon fibres was performed by simple constant current electrolyses of methylmethacrylate (MMA) monomer in dimethylformamide (DMF) solutions and the pure liquid monomer using sodium nitrate and lithium perchlorate as supporting electrolytes. The presence of polymeric coatings successfully attached to the carbon fibres was verified by scanning electron microscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Performing the electrolysis in dilute MMA in DMF solutions ([MMA] &lt; 5 M) results in the deposition of powder-like polymer on the carbon fibre electrodes. Increasing the MMA concentration in the DMF solution results in a homogeneous PMMA coating of the carbon fibres. The degree of grafting or coating increases with increasing MMA concentration, except when pure MMA is used without solvent.

The adhesive strength between the electrocoated carbon fibres and a PMMA matrix was determined using the single fibre pull-out test. It was found that the interfacial fracture behaviour of all carbon fibre/PMMA model composites is rather brittle. The adhesion strength between the unmodified carbon fibres and the PMMA matrix was equal to the cohesive strength of the polymer matrix itself. Nevertheless, the electrodeposition of thin and homogeneous PMMA coatings resulted in much improved adhesion strengths.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Composites science and technology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">7996</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.01.006</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0266-3538</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">09.06.2005</enrichment>
    <author>A. Bismarck</author>
    <author>A.F. Lee</author>
    <author>A.S. Sarac</author>
    <author>Eckhard Schulz</author>
    <author>K. Wilson</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Carbon fibres</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Coating</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Interfacial strength</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fibre - matrix bond</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>828</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>1999</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1291</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1298</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <volume>15</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>American Chemical Society</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Washington, DC</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Near-Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy on Ordered Films of an Amphiphilic Derivate of 2,5-Diphenyl-1,3,4-Oxadiazole</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Langmuir</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">300</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0743-7463</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1520-5827</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">28.07.2000</enrichment>
    <author>Rainer Giebler</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Unger</author>
    <author>B. Schulz</author>
    <author>J. Reiche</author>
    <author>L. Brehmer</author>
    <author>M. Wühn</author>
    <author>Ch. Wöll</author>
    <author>A.P. Smith</author>
    <author>S.G. Urquhart</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NEXAFS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>OMBD</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
