<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>46650</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>86008-1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>86008-6</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>ASME</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Commidities and rail damage</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A roll-plane simplified model, representing the suspended body-cargo of a railway car, was developed to simulate thedynamic response of a railway car while subjectedto lateral acceleration derived from its traveling along curved tracks. The model provides the means to calculate the suspension forces, which are supposed to be transmitted to the bogie´s wheelset. For the analysis of the potential effect of such forces on the railway fatigue life, different performance measures were considered, under different concepts. A family of curves were produced to analyze the effect of the height of the center of gravity of the body-cargo system, on the different performance measures. The resultingdiagramswereused to assess the rail damage potentials offour different railway cars. Results suggest that the height of the center of gravity, associated to the different types of railway cars, nonlinearly and strongly affects the fatigue lifeof the rail, with the double stack car being the moreinfrastructure-aggressive. In this respect, experimental evidence should be provided about such remarkable effects, so as to supportsome operational recommendationsthat shouldbe taken to mitigate these effects, including, for example, the regulation of the traveling speed of some vehicles.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IMECE 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Pittsburgh, PA, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">09.11.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">15.11.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">23.05.2019</enrichment>
    <author>José A. Romero-Navarrete</author>
    <author>Frank Otremba</author>
    <author>A. A. Lozano -Guzmán</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Commidities</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Rail</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Damage</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>43400</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>329</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>334</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">An active acceleration system to mitigate/avoid underride rear-end crashes</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Rear-end crashes involving heavy trucks as the leading vehicle, and cars as the impact vehicle, cause many deaths and permanent injuries to car´s occupants. Measures have been thus taken in the trucks to prevent underride crashes, including the mounting of stiffer underride guards, set at car´s bumper height. In this respect, an active acceleration system(AAS), installed in the truck, could also contribute to mitigate the effects of These crashes, through the decrease of the relative Speed of the vehicles at the instant of the crash. In this paper, an AAS system is proposed, under the principles of ultrasonic sensors and an actuator for the truck´s accelerator mechanism. Simulation results of the operation of this AAS system, suggest that such a system could decrease the relative impact speed around 8% for an initial relative speed of 10 m/s.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Conference Proceedings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5386-2601-6</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">2017 International Conference on Advanced Mechatronic Systems</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Xiamen, China</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">06.12.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">09.12.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">13.12.2018</enrichment>
    <author>José A. Romero-Navarrete</author>
    <author>A. A. Lozano Guzmán</author>
    <author>Frank Otremba</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mitigate</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Avoid</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Rear-end crashes</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>42957</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>610</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>614</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>II</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Modelling a partly filled road tanker during an emergency braking</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A simplified model, based upon physical principles, is proposed the simulate the effect of sloshing on the pressure developed in the tanker chambers. The model has been validated in good extent, with experimental data from full scale testing. The characteristic that mostly affects the pressure developed with the chambers of the tanker is the length of the chamber. While a reduction in this property could decrease the pressure developed within a given chamber, the analysis should take into account an overall approach, as a shortening of the individual chambers would influence the number of chambers necessary to carry a certain amount of product.  Consequently, the resulting model could be used to study different effects of the sloshing cargo on the carrying vehicles, including the length and position of the chambers along the tanker body.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">The World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science 2017</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">http://www.iaeng.org/publication/WCECS2017/</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2078-0958</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-988-14048-4-8</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">WCECS 2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">San Francisco, CA, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">25.10.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">27.10.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">18.01.2018</enrichment>
    <author>Frank Otremba</author>
    <author>José A. Romero-Navarrete</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Braking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Emergency</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tanker</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>42928</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>Article UNSP V04AT05A063, 70488</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>70495</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>4A</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>ASME Press</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Analysis of the capsizing of a tanker in the Rhine river</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A dynamic simulation model for a tanker ship along the Rhine River has been proposed, based on a simplified computational scheme, involving a two-degree-of-freedom roll plane multibody system, subjected to lateral accelerations estimated on the basis of measured data. The resulting equations of motion are solved through the transition matrix approach. The results suggest that many contributing factors were involved in the capsizing of the ship, including the relatively high speed of the river water and the meandering path of the infrastructure, further affected by dynamic effects derived from the behavior of the payload and from the steering maneuvers performed.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-0-7918-5837-0</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">ASME 2017 IMECE</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Tampa, FL, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">03.11.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">09.11.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">12.04.2018</enrichment>
    <author>Frank Otremba</author>
    <author>José A. Romero-Navarrete</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Capsizing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tanker</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Rhine river</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>44816</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>6</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>ASME</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">A testing rig to study vehicle-track interaction during turning</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A testing rig for the measurement of the dynamic loads on the rails due to cargo sloshing,has been proposedin this paper. The system represents a scale-down approach that simulates astraightening maneuver of the railway car after negotiating a turn. As part of the experimental effort, a mathematical model was developed that, oncevalidated, will provide more insights about the potential effect of many other cardesign factors, on the level of stress developed in the raildue to the sloshing cargo.A fundamental output from the testing, will be the objective comparison between the railloads due toa sloshing and a non-sloshing cargo, together with a validated model that wouldallow parametric studies in relation withthe potential effect,of several track and carproperties,on the magnitude of the sloshing forces on the rail.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE/ASME Joint Rail Conference</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IEEE/ASME Joint Rail Conference</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Pittsburgh, PA, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">18.04.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">21.04.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">02.08.2018</enrichment>
    <author>Frank Otremba</author>
    <author>José A. Romero-Navarrete</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Rig</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Vehicle-Track</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Interaction</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51386</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>446</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>454</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>2-3</issue>
    <volume>235</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Sage Journals</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Vehicle’s components damage</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The failure of vehicle’s suspension components has contributed to road crashes, while their defective operation can deteriorate the fuel efficiency of the vehicles. In this context, and when compared with solid cargo transporters, the road tankers would tend to produce larger roll forces during turning, as the curved shape of the liquid cargo container, shifts upwards the centre of gravity of the cargo. With reference to a rectangular cargo container representing the solid cargo situation, the increase in the position due to elliptical and circular tank shapes, can attain a value of 17% (100% fill, circular tank). In this study, experimental results comparing the lateral load transfer due to solid and liquid cargoes, indicate that the average force increase on the vehicle’s load-receiver side due to a liquid cargo, is 4.3%. To analyse the fullscale situation of both situations, that is, the higher position of the centre of gravity and the shifting of the liquid cargo, a simplified model is developed. The outputs from such a model when subjected to realistic operating conditions (speed&#13;
and turning radius), suggest that the higher position of the centre of gravity due to using a non-rectangular cargo container generates an average force increase of 4.9% on the side receiving the load transfer. The incorporation of the effect of the liquid cargo, through the simple pendulum analogy, suggests that such an average increases to 6.76%, with a maximum of 8.35% in the case of the elliptical tank at 75% fill level. It is found that the average liquid cargo effect is 5.44%, which should be compared with the 4.3% of the experiments. Road tankers components would thus have a relatively shorter load cycle life than those of the solid cargo trucks.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Automobile Engineering</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1177/0954407020960543</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">08.02.2021</enrichment>
    <author>José A. Romero-Navarrete</author>
    <author>Frank Otremba</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Liquid cargo</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Load transfer</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Roll reactions</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Experimental modelling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pendulum-analogy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.2 Sicherheit von Energiespeichern</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Fire Science</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>47880</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2019</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>ASME</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Experimental modeling of railway car wheel-forces during turning</title>
    <abstract language="eng">An experimental testing rig has been proposed to study the dynamic interaction between a liquid cargo and the carrying vehicle during turning maneuvers. The basic operational principle of the testing rig consists in simulating the lateral accelerations associated to turning maneuvers through the use of a tilt table.&#13;
While the experimental capabilities of the testing rig include the analysis of the effects of the cars on the whole transport infrastructure, including sleepers and ballast, a first use of the rig considered the effect of sloshing cargo on the level of dynamic forces transmitted to the rails. Such test was used to validate a simplified theoretical approach consisting of a two degree-of-freedom double pendulum mechanical system, where a simple pendulum, representing the sloshing cargo, is articulated to the spring-supported vehicle chassis, which is modelled as an inverted torsional pendulum. While the theoretical results exhibit a high correlation with the experimental data, the main discrepancy between both outputs, relates with the frequency of the residual vibration, once the lateral acceleration input is ceased. Such difference in frequency, would imply an underestimation of the number of loading cycles to which the infrastructure is subjected. On the other hand, the peak values are within acceptable difference levels.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE/ASME Joint Rail Conference</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IEEE/ASME Joint Rail Conference</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Snowbird, Utah, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">09.04.2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">12.04.2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">24.10.2019</enrichment>
    <author>Frank Otremba</author>
    <author>José A. Romero-Navarrete</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Railway</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wheel-forces</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Turning</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
