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    <title language="eng">An Analysis of the Three Knowledge and Technology Transfer Channels: Publications, Patents, Standards – The Case of Hydrogen Technology</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Climate change and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions pose tremendous challenges to policymakers, the economy, and society. In this context, the development of clean, low-emission technologies plays a crucial role in mitigating the negative impact of fossil fuels on the climate. Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier and fuel that, thanks to its versatility, can be used in many applications. However, the adoption of hydrogen technology requires sufficient trust in its safety. To proxy the development of hydrogen safety innovations, we provide an analysis along the three knowledge and technology transfer channels of publications, patents, and standards. Our results show that research on hydrogen safety has increased significantly in the last decades, with hydrogen safety patents experiencing a general upward trend between 1980 and 2020, just recently decreasing. However, an analysis of almost 100 international hydrogen and fuel cell standards  shows only a small number of references to scientific publications. This apparently limited transfer of knowledge from publications points to the need to optimize the coordination of the three knowledge and technology transfer channels for the future development of hydrogen technology. Based on the exploration of this gap, we recommend that research on the three channels for hydrogen be intensified and that the impact of hydrogen safety technology research and development on their diffusion be investigated.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">An Analysis of the Three Knowledge and Technology Transfer Channels: Publications, Patents, Standards – The Case of Hydrogen Technology</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Climate change and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions pose tremendous challenges to policymakers, the economy, and society. In this context, the development of clean, low-emission technologies plays a crucial role in mitigating the negative impact of fossil fuels on the climate. Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier and fuel that, thanks to its versatility, can be used in many applications. However, the adoption of hydrogen technology requires sufficient trust in its safety. To proxy the development of hydrogen safety innovations, we provide an analysis along the three knowledge and technology transfer channels of publications, patents, and standards. Our results show that research on hydrogen safety has increased significantly in the last decades, with hydrogen safety patents experiencing a general upward trend between 1980 and 2020, just recently decreasing. However, an analysis of almost 100 international hydrogen and fuel cell standards  shows only a small number of references to scientific publications. This apparently limited transfer of knowledge from publications points to the need to optimize the coordination of the three knowledge and technology transfer channels for the future development of hydrogen technology. Based on the exploration of this gap, we recommend that research on the three channels for hydrogen be intensified and that the impact of hydrogen safety technology research and development on their diffusion be investigated.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">The Impact of Publications, Patents, and Standards on International Trade - The Case of Hydrogen</title>
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&#13;
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    <title language="eng">Fuel-cell Vehicles in Relation to Electric and Internal  Combustion Engine Vehicles – An Analysis of Technology  Relations based on Publications, Patents, Standards</title>
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    <title language="eng">The effects of hydrogen research and innovation on international hydrogen trade</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Climate change and the pressure to decarbonize, as well as energy security concerns, have drawn the attention of policymakers and the industry to hydrogen energy. To ad-vance the hydrogen economy at a global scale, research and innovation progress is of significant importance, among others. However, previous studies have provided only lim-ited quantitative evidence of the effects of research and innovation on the formation of a global hydrogen market. Instead, they postulate rather than empirically support this rela-tionship. Therefore, this study analyzes the effects of research and innovation measured by scientific publications, patents, and standards on bilateral hydrogen trade flows for 32 countries between 1995 and 2019 in a gravity model of trade, using regression analyses and Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimation. The main results of the PPML estimation show that research and innovation progress is indeed associated with increased trade, especially with patenting and (international) standardization enhancing hydrogen export volumes. As policy implications, we derive that increased public R&amp;D funding can help increase the competitiveness of hydrogen energy and boost market growth, along with infrastructure support and harmonized standards and regulations.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Energy Policy</parentTitle>
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    <title language="eng">Exploring the Technological Innovation System for Hydrogen Technologies - Four Essays on the Roles of Research, Innovation, and Safety</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Presentation of the doctoral thesis held at the PhD Colloquium of the Chair of Innovation Management, Freie Universität Berlin. Hydrogen has recently come into political and industrial focus due to its potential to advance the transition to a net-zero economy. Despite this recognized potential, the market ramp-up of hydrogen technologies has not yet been realized at large. Therefore, this thesis attempts to investigate how advances in hydrogen research, innovation, and safety link up to market formation using the Technological Innovation Systems (TIS) and Quality Infrastructure (QI) frameworks. Thereupon, the thesis formulates several recommendations for transitioning to a hydrogen economy.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">Exploring the fuel-cell technological innovation system: Technology interactions in the mobility sector</title>
    <abstract language="eng">With the rise of alternative sustainable powertrain technologies, the mobility paradigm has undergone fundamental changes in recent years. In the wake of the ongoing transition of the road-vehicle sector, fuel-cell vehicles (FCVs) have received increased political attention. However, they constitute only a tiny fraction of total road vehicles nowadays and still face competition from other powertrain technologies. Therefore, this study specifically focuses on how the focal technological innovation system of FCVs is influenced by the emerging electric vehicles (EVs) and established internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) as its context structures. To this end, our time-series vector error correction models analyze the short- and long-run causalities between our focal TIS and its context structures. Using publications, patents, and standards as quantitative TIS indicators, we analyze the modes of technology interaction between FCVs and EVs and FCVs and ICEVs to determine the life-cycle phase of our focal FCV-TIS in more depth. Our results demonstrate that the FCV-TIS is in its formative phase based on the dominance of the EV and ICEV context structures. As policy implications, we derive application-sensitive technology policies that combine the benefits of each mobility technology toward the sustainable transition of the mobility sector.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">Knowledge and technology transfer via publications, patents, standards: Exploring the hydrogen technological innovation system</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Clean technologies play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and protecting the climate. Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier and fuel that can be used in many applications. We explore the global hydrogen technological innovation system (TIS) by analyzing the three knowledge and technology transfer channels of publications, patents, and standards. Since the adoption of hydrogen technologies requires trust in their safety,this study specifically also focuses on hydrogen safety. Our results show that general and hydrogen safety research has increased significantly while patenting experienced stagnation. An analysis of the non-patent literature in safety patents shows little recognition of scientific publications. Similarly, publications are underrepresented in the analyzed 75 international hydrogen and fuel cell standards. This limited transfer of knowledge from published research to standards points to the necessity for greater involvement of researchers in standardization. We further derive implications for the hydrogen TIS and recommendations for a better and more impactful alignment of the three transfer channels.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Technological Forecasting and Social Change</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.techfore.2022.122201</identifier>
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    <title language="eng">Digitalization in conformity assessment in Spain - A QI-FoKuS study</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This report summarizes findings from the first comprehensive study on digitalization in conformity assessment in Spain. The reults are based on data from a survey among conformity assessment bodies (CABs) conducted in 2022. It highlights the digital maturity of the organizations, the motives, benefits and obstacles of digital transformation as well as the actual technology trends.&#13;
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The study on Spanish CABs is part of a global project that covers various other countries (see www.qi-fokus.de).</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Digitalization in conformity assessment worldwide</parentTitle>
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    <title language="eng">Digitalization in conformity assessment in Brazil - A QI-FoKuS study</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This report summarizes findings from the first comprehensive study on digitalization in conformity assessment in Brazil. The reults are based on data from a survey among conformity assessment bodies (CABs) conducted in 2022. It highlights the digital maturity of the organizations, the motives, benefits and obstacles of digital transformation as well as the actual technology trends.&#13;
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    <parentTitle language="eng">Digitalization in conformity assessment worldwide</parentTitle>
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    <title language="eng">Digitalization in conformity assessment in Ireland - A QI-FoKuS study</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This report summarizes findings from the first comprehensive study on digitalization in conformity assessment in Ireland. The reults are based on data from a survey among conformity assessment bodies (CABs) conducted in 2022. It highlights the digital maturity of the organizations, the motives, benefits and obstacles of digital transformation as well as the actual technology trends.&#13;
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The study on Irish CABs is part of a global project that covers various other countries (see www.qi-fokus.de).</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">Digitalization in conformity assessment in Peru - A QI-FoKuS study</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This report summarizes findings from the first comprehensive study on digitalization in conformity assessment in Peru. The reults are based on data from a survey among conformity assessment bodies (CABs) conducted in 2022. It highlights the digital maturity of the organizations, the motives, benefits and obstacles of digital transformation as well as the actual technology trends.&#13;
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This study is part of a global project that covers various other countries (see www.qi-fokus.de).</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Digitalization in conformity assessment worldwide</parentTitle>
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    <title language="mul">Digitalization in conformity assessment in Germany - A QI-FoKuS study</title>
    <title language="deu">Digitalisierung in der Konformitätsbewertung in Deutschland - Eine QI-FoKuS-Studie</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This report summarizes findings from the first comprehensive study on digitalization in conformity assessment in Germany. The reults are based on data from a survey among conformity assessment bodies (CABs) conducted in 2022. It highlights the digital maturity of the organizations, the motives, benefits and obstacles of digital transformation as well as the actual technology trends.&#13;
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    <abstract language="deu">Dieser Bericht fasst die Ergebnisse der ersten umfassenden Studie zur Digitalisierung der Konformitätsbewertung in Deutschland zusammen. Die Ergebnisse basieren auf Daten einer Umfrage unter Konformitätsbewertungsstellen (KBS), die 2022 durchgeführt wurde. Sie beleuchten den digitalen Reifegrad der Organisationen, die Motive, Vorteile und Hindernisse der digitalen Transformation sowie die aktuellen Technologietrends.&#13;
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    <title language="eng">Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on accredited conformity assessment bodies: insights from a multinational study</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The COVID-19 pandemic posed new and manifold challenges to organizations and their operations worldwide. Conformity assessment bodies (CABs), such as testing or medical laboratories, certification, and inspection bodies, were also affected by the associated disruptions. Their role in this crisis is highly relevant, as CABs are essential pillars of the quality infrastructure: their activities ensure that products and services meet requirements as defined in standards and regulations, thereby contributing to their safety and reliability. The question arises of how CABs and their operations were affected by the pandemic and how they responded. To this end, we present the results of an international survey of 986 CABs of all types in Germany, the UK, Italy, and New Zealand. Overall, CABs reported, on average, a reduction in demand for their services during the pandemic, facing restrictions in all countries. In addition, the pandemic had an overall negative impact on the CABs’ investment and innovation activities. However, investments in digital infrastructure were increased as a countermeasure, with CABs reporting a higher need for digitalization. The paper highlights and discusses results from in-depth analyses relevant to policymakers and industry alike.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">Pathways to the hydrogen economy: A multidimensional analysis of the technological innovation systems of Germany and South Korea</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The global trend towards decarbonization and the demand for energy security have put hydrogen energy into the spotlight of industry, politics, and societies. Numerous governments worldwide are adopting policies and strategies to facilitate the transition towards hydrogen-based economies. To assess the determinants of such transition, this study presents a comparative analysis of the technological innovation systems (TISs) for hydrogen technologies in Germany and South Korea, both recognized as global frontrunners in advancing and implementing hydrogen-based solutions. By providing a multidimensional assessment of pathways to the hydrogen economy, our analysis introduces two novel and crucial elements to the TIS analysis: (i) We integrate the concept of ‘quality infrastructure’ given the relevance of safety and quality assurance for technology adoption and social acceptance, and (ii) we emphasize the social perspective within the hydrogen TIS. To this end, we conducted 24 semi-structured expert interviews, applying qualitative open coding to analyze the data. Our results indicate that the hydrogen TISs in both countries have undergone significant developments across various dimensions. However, several barriers still hinder the further realization of a hydrogen economy. Based on our findings, we propose policy implications that can facilitate informed policy decisions for a successful hydrogen transition.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">International Journal of Hydrogen Energy</parentTitle>
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      <value>Multidimensional technology adoption</value>
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      <value>Social acceptance</value>
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    <title language="mul">Global status and trends in digital transformation and conformity assessment - An international comparison across 15 countries and regions - A QI-FoKuS study</title>
    <title language="deu">Weltweiter Status und Trends in der digitalen Transformation der Konformitätsbewertung - Ein internationaler Vergleich zwischen 15 Ländern und Regionen - Eine QI-FoKuS-Studie</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The ongoing digital transformation of the economy and the increasing complexity of networked products and applications are bringing digitalization into the focus of conformity assessment bodies (CABs). The demand for conformity assessment services is rising in tandem with innovations, new technologies, and processes. This poses new challenges for testing and calibration laboratories, inspection and certification bodies, and other CABs. Nevertheless, the emergence of advanced digital technologies and applications also opens up new opportunities for these organizations. This study is the first to comprehensively explore "Digitalization in Conformity Assessment" building on data from an online survey of CABs worldwide (14 countries and West Africa as a region with seven countries).</abstract>
    <abstract language="deu">Die fortschreitende digitale Transformation der Wirtschaft und die zunehmende Komplexität vernetzter Produkte und Anwendungen rücken die Digitalisierung in den Fokus von Konformitätsbewertungsstellen (KBS). Die Nachfrage nach Konformitätsbewertungsdienstleistungen im Einklang mit Innovationen, neuen Technologien und Prozessen steigt. Dies stellt Prüf- und Kalibrierlaboratorien, Inspektions- und Zertifizierungsstellen und andere KBS vor neue Herausforderungen. Der Fortschritt digitaler Technologien und Anwendungen eröffnet diesen Organisationen gleichzeitig neue Chancen. Diese Studie ist die erste, die das Thema der "Digitalisierung in der Konformitätsbewertung" umfassend erforscht. Sie stützt sich auf Daten aus einer Online-Umfrage unter KBS weltweit (14 Länder und Westafrika als Region mit sieben Ländern).</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Digitalization in conformity assessment worldwide</parentTitle>
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    <author>Claudia Koch</author>
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    <author>Parsa Asna Ashari</author>
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    <author>P. Castka</author>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Certification</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Conformity assessment body</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Digital transformation</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Digitalization</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laboratory</value>
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      <value>Quality infrastructure</value>
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      <value>TIC</value>
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      <value>Corona</value>
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      <value>Digitalisierung</value>
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      <language>deu</language>
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      <value>Kalibrierung</value>
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    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
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    <volume>77</volume>
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    <title language="eng">Technology adoption and digital maturity in the conformity assessment  industry: Empirical evidence from an international study</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Technological innovation and digitalization are transforming industries and organizations worldwide. Digital Maturity Models often serve as a reference point to monitor the digitalization progression through prescribed stages. Yet, little is still understood about (i) how a digital maturity model should be designed and deployed in a specific industry setting and (ii) the association between digital maturity and technology adoption. Building on extant literature and extensive interviews with industry experts, we first develop a digital maturity model in the context of the conformity assessment industry (a globally regulated industry responsible for assessing compliance of organizations with standards and regulations). Second, we implement the model and conduct a survey across 1447 organizations in 15 countries. Our findings reveal that the digital transformation journey of the industry progresses along five stages of maturity (with most organizations in the early/ intermediate stages of digital maturity) with distinctive patterns of technical and managerial practices across all stages. Adoption of technologies is (unsurprisingly) associated with higher digital maturity levels - albeit that association does not hold for complex technologies (such as Blockchain) and is impacted by country specifics (measured by the Digital Skills Gap Index). Our study provides insights into digital maturity and the adoption of technologies in an institutional environment that is highly regulated and conservative, in which high integrity of service provision is primary, and digitalization is a secondary focus of organizations.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Global status and trends in Digital Transformation and Conformity Assessment</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.techsoc.2024.102564</identifier>
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    <author>Luana Ladu</author>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Technology Adoption</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Digital Technologies</value>
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    <title language="eng">Digitalization in conformity assessment in Africa</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This report summarizes findings from the first comprehensive study on digitalization in conformity assessment in Africa. The reults are based on data from a survey among conformity assessment bodies (CABs) conducted in 2023. It highlights the digital maturity of the organizations, the motives, benefits and obstacles of digital transformation as well as the actual technology trends.&#13;
&#13;
This study is part of a global project that covers various other countries (see www.qi-fokus.de).</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Digitalization in conformity assessment in Africa</parentTitle>
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    <author>Luana Ladu</author>
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      <value>Certification</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Conformity assessment body</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Digital transformation</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Digitalization</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Laboratory</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>TIC</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Quality infrastructure</value>
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    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
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    <title language="eng">Digitalization in conformity assessment in North Macedonia - A QI-FoKuS study</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This report summarizes findings from the first comprehensive study on digitalization in conformity assessment in North Macedonia. The reults are based on data from a survey among conformity assessment bodies (CABs) conducted in 2022. It highlights the digital maturity of the organizations, the motives, benefits and obstacles of digital transformation as well as the actual technology trends.&#13;
&#13;
This study is part of a global project that covers various other countries (see www.qi-fokus.de).</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Digitalization in conformity assessment worldwide</parentTitle>
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    <title language="eng">Digital maturity in the conformity assessment industry: An explorative study from Germany</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The services of Conformity Assessment Bodies (CABs) are essential to provide for trust in and safety of digital products and services by demonstrating that requirements from standards are met. Thus, it is vital that CABs are ready to fulfil their tasks also in the digital transformation, having the necessary capabilities and resources. Our study is the first to comprehensively assess the digital maturity in the CA industry and to provide some insights into the readiness of the industry to support and at the same time benefit from the digital age. To this end, we developed and implemented a digital maturity model tailored to the CA industry. In this paper, we present first results from our survey among 354 accredited CABs in Germany. With our research we contribute to better understand the digital transformation and maturation of CABs along distinctive stages. The findings suggest that the transformation process in the CA industry is just at the beginning, with the majority of CABs still in early stages of digital maturity. Also, only a few of them already exploit the latest digital technologies and applications like artificial intelligence, blockchain or big data analytics. Nevertheless, CABs regard digitalization as a big &#13;
opportunity – for themselves and their industry.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic	on Conformity Assessment: Insights from a Multinational Study</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The COVID-19 pandemic has posed new and manifold challenges to organizations and their operations worldwide. Conformity assessment bodies (CABs), such as testing or medical laboratories, certification, and inspection bodies, are also affected by the associated disruptions. Their situation in this crisis is highly relevant, as CABs are essential pillars of the quality infrastructure: Their activities ensure that products and services meet requirements as defined in standards and regulations, thereby contributing to their safety and reliability. Considering the roles and functions of CABs in economy, health, and innovation, the question arises how CABs and their operations were affected by the pandemic and how they responded. To this end, we present the results of an international survey of 986 CABs of all types in Germany, the UK, Italy, and New Zealand. Overall, CABs reported on average a negative development of demand during the pandemic, facing restrictions in all countries. In addition, the pandemic had overall negative impact on the CABs’ investment and innovation activities. However, investments in digital infrastructure were increased as countermeasure, with CABs reporting an increased need for digitalization. Resources relevant to organizational resilience were available to different extents, affecting the speed of response to the challenges of the pandemic. The paper highlights and discusses results from in-depth analyses, which are relevant for policy makers and industry alike.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">National Quality Infrastructures in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights from a Multinational Study on Impacts and Institutional Responses of Conformity Assessment Bodies</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The COVID-19 pandemic has posed new and manifold challenges to organizations and their operations worldwide. Conformity assessment bodies (CABs), such as testing or medical laboratories, certification, and inspection bodies, which are a key part of the Quality Infrastructure and constitute central pillars for trade, health and the innovation system, are also affected by the associated disruptions. However, their services matter more than ever. &#13;
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    <title language="eng">Digital Maturity in the Conformity Assessment Industry - An explorative study from Germany</title>
    <abstract language="eng">First insights from a survey conducted among German Conformity Assessment Bodies (CABs) to explore their status of digital transformation, incl. their digital maturity, benefits and obstacles as well as actual technology trends.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Conformity  Assessment: Insights from a Multinational Study</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The COVID-19 pandemic has posed new and manifold challenges to organizations and their operations worldwide. Conformity assessment bodies (CABs), such as testing or medical laboratories, certification, and inspection bodies, are also affected by the associated disruptions. Their situation in this crisis is highly relevant, as CABs are essential pillars of the quality infrastructure: Their activities ensure that products and services meet requirements as defined in standards and regulations, thereby contributing to their safety and reliability. Considering the roles and functions of CABs in economy, health, and innovation, the question arises how CABs and their operations were affected by the pandemic and how they responded. To this end, we present the results of an international survey of 986 CABs of all types in Germany, the UK, Italy, and New Zealand. Overall, CABs reported on average a negative development of demand during the pandemic, facing restrictions in all countries. In addition, the pandemic had overall negative impact on the CABs’ investment and innovation activities. However, investments in digital infrastructure were increased as countermeasure, with CABs reporting an increased need for digitalization. Resources relevant to organizational resilience were available to different extents, affecting the speed of response to the challenges of the pandemic. The paper highlights and discusses results from in-depth analyses, which are relevant for policy makers and industry alike.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Joint Proceedings EURAS 2021 - Standardisation and Innovation SIIT 2021 The Past, Present and Future of ICT Standardisation</parentTitle>
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      <value>Pandemic</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Quality infrastructure</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Conformity assessment</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Resilience</value>
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    <title language="eng">Quality assurance in supply chains during the COVID-19 pandemic: Empirical evidence on organisational resilience of conformity assessment bodies</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Global supply chains rely on the compliance and safety of their products, processes, and facilities. These vital services (often referred to as ‘quality assurance’ or ‘conformity assessment’ services) are provided by Conformity Assessment Bodies (CABs). This empirical study explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on CABs as well as their response to the resulting challenges. Data was gathered through an online survey among all accredited CABs in Germany, which resulted in 555 valid responses. Taking a resilience perspective, we reveal that CABs were hit hard by the disruptions caused by the pandemic, albeit to different degrees, in part due to their type of services, size, and sectors served. Furthermore, we find that contingency plans do not directly cushion order declines (as the main indicator of the economic impact of the pandemic) but rather indirectly through helping CABs respond more quickly, which in turn mitigates their order declines. However, our results show that contingency plans can also have adverse effects if they hinder flexible reaction to the crisis. The findings of our study help managers and policymakers learn from the COVID-19 pandemic and improve the resilience of the conformity assessment sector and quality assurance in the event of future crises.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Total quality management &amp; business excellence</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1080/14783363.2022.2078189</identifier>
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    <author>Mona Mirtsch</author>
    <author>Claudia Koch</author>
    <author>Parsa Asna Ashari</author>
    <author>K. Blind</author>
    <author>P. Castka</author>
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