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  <doc>
    <id>54065</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>2</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>20</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>7</issue>
    <volume>Comparative Oriental Manuscript Studies Bulletin 7, 2021</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Centre for the study of manuscript cultures</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Hamburg</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Writing and Correcting a Torah Scroll in Germany  of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Scientific material analysis of the elemental composition of inks from different strata of a manuscript has the potential to complement scholarly observations using palaeography and philology in reconstructing the history of the manuscript’s production, correction and repair.&#13;
There are three typologically different classes of black writing inks: soot inks consist of carbon particles.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Comparative Oriental Manuscript Studies Bulletin</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.25592/uhhfdm.9749</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-540658</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Grzegorz Nehring</author>
    <author>Olivier Bonnerot</author>
    <author>N. Gordon</author>
    <author>Ira Rabin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Manuscript studies</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hebrew studies</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ink analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">4 Material und Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">4.5 Kunst- und Kulturgutanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/54065/Writing_and_correcting_a_Torah_Scroll.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52370</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>Article 71</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <volume>13</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Looking for the missing link in the evolution of black inks</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In the transition from carbon to iron-gall inks, the two documents from the Egyptian Museum and Papyrus Collection in Berlin with shelfmarks P 13500 and P 13501 discussed in this work present an important case. Their inks appear brownish, although they date back to the fourth and third century BCE, when carbon inks are believed to have been commonly if not exclusively used. Using imaging micro-X-ray fluorescence and infrared reflectography, we discovered that the inks in both documents contain a significant amount of copper in addition to carbon. Comparing the extant recipes for black writing inks and the experimental evidence, we suggest that these inks are a transition between the pure carbon and the iron-gall inks. Such inks may have been quite common before the production of iron-gall ink was clearly understood and established.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s12520-021-01320-5</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-523708</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">26.04.2021</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Grzegorz Nehring</author>
    <author>Olivier Bonnerot</author>
    <author>M. Gerhardt</author>
    <author>M. Krutzsch</author>
    <author>Ira Rabin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Black writing ink</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hellenistic</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Papyrus</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>XRF imaging</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NIR imaging</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">4 Material und Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">4.5 Kunst- und Kulturgutanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/52370/Nehring2021_Article_LookingForTheMissingLinkInTheE.pdf</file>
  </doc>
</export-example>
