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  <doc>
    <id>62452</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>14</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>15</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>6</issue>
    <volume>82</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation>ASNT</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
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    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">AI-Assisted thermographic and visual classification of leading-edge erosion of wind turbine blades</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The wind industry is crucial for carbon neutrality, with turbines featuring blades over 100 meters long. Regular inspections, often manual and visual, struggle to capture subsurface damage or airflow dynamics. Leading-edge erosion, caused by rain and hail, significantly reduces turbine efficiency.&#13;
&#13;
The Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) in Berlin is working with industry partners to classify leading-edge damage and estimate yield loss using ground-based thermographic images. These images visualize airflow disruptions caused by erosion. AI models, trained on 1500 thermographic images, can detect and classify this damage.&#13;
&#13;
BAM aims to create a reference dataset by 2024, using data from 30 wind turbines. This dataset will include simultaneous thermographic and high-resolution visual images. The project also explores predicting stall and calculating performance loss due to erosion. A secure data platform facilitates data exchange and federated learning, enhancing AI systems with diverse data.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials Evaluation</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://source.asnt.org/226h005/</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0025-5327</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">27.01.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Michael Stamm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NDT</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wind Turbine Blades</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>AI</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>KI-VISIR</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.3 Thermografische Verfahren</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62498</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">No downtime thermographic rotor blade inspection</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this presentation, the KI-VISIR Reference Dataset, created by the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) will be discussed. It includes thermographic and visual inspection data of 30 operational wind turbines. This dataset aims to support the maintenance and inspection of wind turbines, which are increasingly being built across Germany and Europe. The data is publicly available and helps in the development of digital methods for damage classification and inspection.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">AMI Wind Turbine Blades</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Düsseldorf, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">10.12.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">12.12.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <author>Birgit Junker</author>
    <author>Michael Stamm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wind Turbine Blades</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>AI</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>KI-VISIR</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NDT</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.3 Thermografische Verfahren</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62499</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Damage detection of wind turbine blades with thermographic inspection and AI-based classification</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this presentation, the possibilities, limitations and challenges of thermographic rotor blade inspection will be discussed. Among other things, the data from the KI-VISIR reference data set will be discussed. This data was also used to train an AI-based image recognition system.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">WindEurope Technology Workshop 2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Dublin, Ireland</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">10.06.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">11.06.2024</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Michael Stamm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wind Turbine Blades</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>AI</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>KI-VISIR</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NDT</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.3 Thermografische Verfahren</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>64721</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">The KI-VISIR Reference Dataset: A Compilation of Thermal and Visual Inspection Data for Quantifying Leading Edge Rain Erosion</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This presentation introduces thermography (thermal imaging) as a key method for non-destructive testing (NDT) of wind turbine rotor blades. By leveraging solar heating and aerodynamic effects, passive thermography detects internal defects, delaminations, and surface issues like leading edge erosion. We discuss field measurements, the role of AI/Machine Learning (LATODA) for automated defect classification, and its importance for improving O&amp;M efficiency and lifetime extension in the wind energy sector.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">WindEurope Annual Event 2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Copenhagen, Denmark</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">08.04.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">11.04.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Michael Stamm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wind Turbine Blades</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>AI</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NDT</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>KI-VISIR</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.3 Thermografische Verfahren</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>64718</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Thermografische Ferninspektion von Windenergieanlagen im Betrieb –� Potenziale und Herausforderungen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Rotorblätter zählen zu den kostenintensivsten Komponenten von Windenergieanlagen in Bezug auf Wartung und Ausfallzeiten. Mit der zunehmenden Blattlänge – aktuell bis zu 115 m – steigen auch die Anforderungen an effektive Inspektionsmethoden. Die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) entwickelt hierfür eine passive thermografische Ferninspektion vom Boden aus, die die klassische visuelle Prüfung durch Industriekletterer ergänzen oder perspektivisch ersetzen soll. Feldmessungen und Laborexperimente belegen das Potenzial dieser Technik, sowohl strömungsbedingte thermische Signaturen als auch strukturelle Anomalien innerhalb der Rotorblätter zu erfassen. Eine besondere Herausforderung liegt in der Trennung dieser überlagerten Effekte sowie in der eingeschränkten Kenntnis der inneren Blattstruktur aufgrund fehlender Designdaten. Um die Methode zur Marktreife zu führen, sind Fortschritte in der Bildverarbeitung, etwa durch eine patentierte Differenzbildung, erforderlich. Der Beitrag stellt die zugrunde liegende Messtechnik, Ergebnisse einer groß angelegten Feldstudie mit 30 Anlagen sowie die identifizierten physikalischen Einflussgrößen (Strömung, Struktur, Emissivität) vor und gibt einen Ausblick auf die nächsten Entwicklungsschritte.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Thermo25</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Munich, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">12.11.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">13.11.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Michael Stamm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wind Turbine Blades</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wind</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Rotorblätter</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.3 Thermografische Verfahren</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
