79
2012
2011
deu
1
153
79
doctoralthesis
Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
Berlin
0
--
--
2011-11-09
Tieftemperaturverhalten von Elastomeren im Dichtungseinsatz
Elastomerdichtungen finden als Bauteil oder Maschinenelement vielseitige Verwendung. Jedoch war trotz ihrer zentralen Bedeutung die untere Temperaturgrenze, bis zu der solche Dichtungen eingesetzt werden können, bisher nicht tiefgehend verstanden. Dieser Umstand erschwert die entsprechende notwendige sicherheitsrelevante Beurteilung. Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit ist deshalb das Ziel verfolgt worden, dass Materialverhalten repräsentativer Elastomerwerkstoffe in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur zu verstehen und daraus dann abzuleiten, bis zu welcher Temperatur eine daraus hergestellte Dichtung unter Berücksichtigung der jeweiligen Einsatzbedingungen ihre Funktion noch sicher erfüllen kann. Ausgehend von der in der Literatur beschriebenen Aussage, dass eine Dichtung auch unterhalb der „Glasübergangstemperatur“ funktionsfähig ist, wurde der Einfluss des Glas-Gummi-Übergangs auf das Dichtungsversagen untersucht. Zunächst wurden dazu die Glasübergangstemperaturen an einer Vielzahl von Elastomeren mit gebräuchlichen Verfahren bestimmt, um diese mit dem Verhalten der Dichtung vergleichen zu können. Weiterhin wurde im Rahmen der Arbeit eine neue Charakterisierungsmethode des Tieftemperaturverhaltens von Elastomeren entwickelt, die die bisher für Dichtungen eingesetzte Normprüfung des Druckverformungsrests nachstellt. Mit dieser Methode ist im Vergleich zur Normprüfung jedoch eine deutlich schnellere und automatisierbare Untersuchung des Materialverhaltens gegeben. Darüber hinaus ist durch eine modellgestützte Auswertung eine Extrapolation der Messdaten auf zusätzliche Temperaturen möglich, wodurch der experimentelle Aufwand weiter reduziert wird. Zur temperaturabhängigen Charakterisierung des Versagensvorgangs an realen Bauteilen wurde deren Dichtverhalten mittels eines dafür entwickelten Versuchsstandes untersucht. Die festgestellte Abhängigkeit der Versagenstemperatur vom Verpressgrad konnte unter Verwendung der Ergebnisse aller angewandten Charakterisierungsmethoden für die hier untersuchten statisch beanspruchten Dichtungen erklärt werden. Zudem lassen sich aus dem mit Hilfe des Zeit-Temperatur- Superpositionsprinzips gewonnenen Informationen zur Zeitabhängigkeit der Materialeigenschaften auch Aussagen zum Verhalten von dynamisch beanspruchten Dichtungen ableiten. Mit dem Ergebnis der Arbeit zum Verständnis des Verhaltens von Elastomerdichtungen bei tiefen Temperaturen wird die gezielte Beurteilung und Auswahl von sicherheitsrelevanten Dichtsystemen in Zukunft vereinfacht.
Elastomeric seals are of high importance as machine parts and construction elements, but in spite of this the low temperature limit for the use of a seal was not fully
understood. Hence, the required safety relevant evaluation of the lowest acceptable operating seal temperature is difficult. Therefore the presented work was aimed to understand the temperature dependent material behaviour of representative elastomers and to conclude from this knowledge the low temperature limit down to which such seals could safely fulfil the desired requirements.
Starting with the published statement that a seal can safely work below its glass Transition temperature the influence of the glass-rubber-transition was investigated. At first the glass-rubber-transition temperatures of the selected elastomers were determined applying several techniques to allow a comparison with the behaviour of the
seals during component tests.
Furthermore a new method to characterise the low temperature behaviour of elastomers was developed that emulates the key features of the standardised compression set test used for seal materials. In comparison to the standardized test this new method allows a much faster measurement that can be automatically performed.
Using a model based data analysis an extrapolation of the results to different temperatures can be performed and therefore the necessary measuring expenditure can be additionally reduced.
For the temperature dependent characterisation of the failure process of real seals a measurement setup was designed and the materials behaviour was investigated. By
use of the results of all applied characterisation techniques the observed dependence of the failure temperature on the degree of compression could be explained for the investigated seals under static load. Additionally information about the behaviour of such seals under dynamic load could be gained from the time dependent material behaviour by use of the time temperature superposition relationship.
By application of the gained insight into the behaviour of elastomeric seals at low temperatures the evaluation and selection of safety relevant seal systems will be simplified in the future.
urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-794
978-3-9814634-3-9
1613-4249
Allgemeines Deutsches Urheberrecht
Matthias Jaunich
BAM Dissertationsreihe
79
eng
uncontrolled
leakage rate
deu
uncontrolled
Elastomer
deu
uncontrolled
Dichtung
deu
uncontrolled
Tieftemperaturverhalten
deu
uncontrolled
Glas-Gummi-Übergang
deu
uncontrolled
Leckagerate
eng
uncontrolled
seal, rubber
eng
uncontrolled
low temperature behavior
eng
uncontrolled
glass-rubber transition
Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Eigenverlag BAM
Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")
Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
Technische Universität Berlin
https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/79/diss79_vt.pdf
28519
2013
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Behaviour of Rubber Seals at Low Temperatures - Results of Component Tests -
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik 2013
31371
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik 2013
Berlin, Germany
2013-05-14
2013-05-16
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
28530
2013
eng
1
7(Paper # 6888)
conferenceobject
Omnipress
American nuclear society (ANS)
1
--
--
--
Investigating the performance of rubber seals at low temperatures
Rubbers are widely used as main sealing materials for Containers for low and intermediate level radioactive waste and as additional component to metal seals in spent fuel and high active waste containers. The save enclosure of the radioactive container inventory has to be guaranteed according to legislation and appropriate guidelines for long term storage periods as well as down to temperatures of -40 °C for transportation. Therefore the understanding of failure mechanisms that lead to leakage at low temperatures is necessary to ensure a proper material choice which is certainly also influenced by additional factors as e.g. the aging behavior.
IHLRWM 2013 - 14th International high-level radioactive waste management conference (Proceedings)
31382
978-1-62748-644-6
14th International high-level radioactive waste management conference
Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
28.04.2013
02.05.2013
27.05.2013
Dietmar Wolff
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
eng
uncontrolled
Rubber seals
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomers
eng
uncontrolled
Compression set
eng
uncontrolled
Low temperature
eng
uncontrolled
Leakage rate
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
25661
2012
deu
poster
0
--
--
--
Characterization of the low temperature behaviour of rubber sealing materials
3. RAM-Behältersicherheitstage 2012, BAM
28386
3. RAM-Behältersicherheitstage 2012, BAM
Berlin, Germany
2012-03-22
2012-03-23
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
26190
2012
eng
1
4
10-2330_5-L-1530
conferenceobject
Deutsche Kautschuk-Gesellschaft
Frankfurt am Main
0
--
--
--
Low temperature - For a seal this depends on the applied material
DKT 2012 - German Rubber Conference
28937
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
DKT 2012 - German Rubber Conference
Nuremberg, Germany
2012-07-02
2012-07-05
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
Dietmar Wolff
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
Graue Literatur
26176
2012
eng
1
8(?)
conferenceobject
0
--
--
--
Performance of neutron radiation shielding material (U)HMW-PE influenced by gamma radiation
PSAM 11 ESREL 2012 - 11th International probabilistic safety assessment and management conference & The annual european safety and reliability conference (Proceedings)
28922
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
PSAM 11 ESREL 2012 - 11th International probabilistic safety assessment and management conference & The annual european safety and reliability conference
Helsinki, Finland
2012-06-25
2012-06-29
Dietmar Wolff
Kerstin von der Ehe
Matthias Jaunich
Martin Böhning
eng
uncontrolled
(U)HMW-PE
eng
uncontrolled
Gamma irradiation
eng
uncontrolled
Shielding material
eng
uncontrolled
Cask for storage and transport of radioactive materials
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
Graue Literatur
27931
2013
eng
211
227
STP 1547
25
bookpartcollection
ASTM International (American Society for Testing and Materials)
0
--
--
--
(U)HMWPE as neutron radiation shielding materials: impact of gamma radiation on structure and properties
Due to their extreme high hydrogen contents, high molecular weight (HMW-) and ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW-) polyethylene (PE) are a comprehensible choice as neutron radiation shielding material in casks for storage and transport of radioactive materials. But as a direct consequence of inserting radioactive material in such casks, gamma radiation occurs. Hence, the impact of gamma radiation on the molecular structure of polyethylene has to be taken into consideration. Consequently, PE has to withstand any type of gamma radiation induced degradation affecting safety relevant aspects in order to be applicable for long term neutron radiation shielding purposes during the whole storage period (in Germany, for instance, up to 40 years). The scope of our investigation comprises an estimation of the impact of gamma radiation and temperature on the molecular and supra molecular structure of the two types of PE used as neutron radiation shielding cask components. A further point which is worth exploring is to what extent these changes are detectable by conventional analysis methods. Therefore, thermoanalytical measurements were performed such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermo mechanical analysis (TMA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). Additionally optical and weighing methods were applied. With those methods it is possible to detect structural changes in polyethylene induced by exposure to gamma radiation. The observed amounts of changes of the irradiated material are not safety relevant for the application of polyethylene as neutron radiation shielding material; moreover, some properties actually improve via irradiation.
Effects of radiation on nuclear materials
30773
978-0-8031-7533-4
10.1520/STP103980
Serientitel: STP – Series title: STP
Dietmar Wolff
Kerstin von der Ehe
Matthias Jaunich
Martin Böhning
Harald Goering
eng
uncontrolled
HMW-PE
eng
uncontrolled
UHMW-PE
eng
uncontrolled
Gamma irradiation
eng
uncontrolled
Neutron radiation shielding material
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
27947
2012
eng
277
290
bookpartcollection
DEStech Publications, Inc.
Lancaster, PA, USA
0
--
--
--
Correlation between crack propagation rate and cure process of epoxy resins
Fatigue behaviour of fiber reinforced polymers - Experiments and simulations
30789
978-1-60595-091-4
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
Volker Trappe
Stephan Günzel
Matthias Jaunich
eng
uncontrolled
Fracture toughness
eng
uncontrolled
Crack resistance
eng
uncontrolled
Fracture mechanics
eng
uncontrolled
Plastics
eng
uncontrolled
Crack propagation
Verlagsliteratur
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
28574
2013
eng
1
6
conferenceobject
Kerntechnische Gesellschaft e.V. (KTG)
0
--
--
--
Behaviour of rubber seals at low temperatures - results of component tests -
The investigation of low temperature properties of elastomeric sealing materials by means of thermo-analytical methods is a sound way to get information about the glass transition process.
The breakdown temperature of the sealing function of O-ring seals was measured in a component test setup depending on material and degree of compression.
An in depth explanation of the observed component tests behaviour is currently in preparation. It requires the results of thermo-analytical methods and measurements as the compression set (not shown here). With that, a model was developed to describe the correlation between physical material parameters and observed component behaviour.
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik 2013 (Proceedings)
31427
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik 2013
Berlin, Germany
14.05.2013
16.05.2013
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
Dietmar Wolff
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Graue Literatur
24421
2012
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Low Temperature - For a seal this depends on the applied material
Deutsche Kautschuk-Tagung 2012
27086
Deutsche Kautschuk-Tagung 2012
Nuremberg, Germany
2012-07-02
2012-07-05
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
24620
2011
eng
1
5
conferenceobject
Deutsches Atomforum e.V. / Kerntechnische Gesellschaft e.V.
0
--
--
--
UHMW-PE - a shielding material with special properties influenced by radiation
Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) - due to its high hydrogen content - is used as neutron shielding material in casks for storage and transport of radioactive materials. Besides this, UHMW-PE - as a high-performance polymer - has been used for several years in medical technology due to its excellent slip and wear properties. Due to the special properties of UHMW-PE which result basically from its extreme chain lengths and its high degree of crystallinity, it is predestinated for the aforementioned applications.
In both cases, irradiation and its impact on the molecular structure of polyethylene play an important role. In the first case, irradiation exists as a by-product of inserting the radioactive material in the cask. Hence PE has to withstand any type of degradation affecting safety relevant aspects to be applicable for long term radiation shielding purposes for instance over a period of 40 years. In the second case irradiation is applied deliberately for purposes such as sterilization and crosslinking, leading to partial improvement of the mechanical properties (e.g. fracture toughness, crack propagation resistance, wear resistance) and better Chemical stability.
Specifically concerning their use in the field of medical technology, different types of UHMW-PE have been objects of numerous publications. It is generally accepted that two parallel and competitive processes, based on chain scission and reactions of Ccentered radicals and molecular fragments, occur in PE as a consequence of radiation: radical recombination accounts for crosslinking, together with some disproportionation, formation of low molecular weight fragments, and recrystallization. Furthermore, formation of oxygenated structures in the presence of traces of oxygen is an antagonist of the C-centered radicals. Radiation induced scission preferentially takes place in the amorphous phase and noncrystalline surface of the crystals. It is followed by folding of molecular fragments, crystallinity growth and increased perfection in the crystal lamellae [4, 5]. Chain scission results in shorter polymer molecules, fewer entanglements, and consequently, increased molecular mobility.
The scope of our investigation comprises an estimation of the radiation and thermal impact on the molecular and supra molecular structure of the two types of PE used for neutron shielding cask components. A further point which is worth to explore is to what extent these changes are detectable by thermo-analytical (TA) methods, such as Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermo Mechanical Analysis (TMA), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Thermogravimetry (TG). Additionally FT-IR and solubility measurements have been performed.
In our studies we focused on the UHMW-PE material GUR 4120 which was y irradiated at RT and compared to the untreated material.
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik 2011 (Proceedings)
27295
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik 2011
Berlin, Germany
17.05.2011
19.05.2011
Kerstin von der Ehe
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Graue Literatur
24621
2010
eng
1
8 (T25/Paper 173)
conferenceobject
PATRAM
0
--
--
--
Radiation induced structural changes of (U)HMW polyethylene with regard to its application for radiation shielding
The special properties of high molecular weight polyethylene (HMW-PE) and ultra high molecular
weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) result basically from their extreme chain lengths and their high
degree of crystallinity. As high-performance polymers, they are used for a variety of applications.
UHMW-PE in particular is often utilized for endoprothesis (due to its excellent slip and wear
properties) and due to its high hydrogen content as a neutron moderator in casks for storage and
transport of radioactive materials.
To prepare the material for instance for its use as a total joint replacement, it is exposed to radiation
for several reasons, such as sterilization and crosslinking, leading to partial improvement of the
mechanical properties (e.g. fracture toughness, crack propagation resistance, wear resistance) and
better chemical stability.
To be applicable for long term radiation shielding purposes for instance over a period of 40 years,
PE has to withstand any type of degradation affecting safety relevant aspects.
The scope of our investigation comprises an estimation of the radiation impact on the molecular and
supra molecular structure of two types of PE and to what extent these changes are detectable by
thermo-analytical (TA) methods, such as Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermo
Mechanical Analysis (TMA), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Thermo Gravimetric
Analysis (TGA). Additionally FT-IR spectroscopy as well as density and gas sorption
measurements were carried out.
Due to the poor solubility of HMW-PE and UHMW-PE, some classical analytical techniques are
not applicable. But TA-methods represent a feasible approach to detect structural and
morphological features of these materials as well as changes caused by external influences, such as
thermal treatment and/or irradiation. With the combination of the applied TA-techniques it is
possible to distinguish between crosslinking and degradation.
PATRAM 2010 - 16th International symposium on the packaging and transport of radioactive materials (Proceedings)
27296
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
PATRAM 2010 - 16th International symposium on the packaging and transport of radioactive materials
London, UK
2010-10-03
2010-10-08
Kerstin von der Ehe
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
Martin Böhning
Harald Goering
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
Graue Literatur
24971
2011
eng
1
4
Kap. 3.7
conferenceobject
0
--
--
--
Characterization of the low temperature behaviour of rubber sealing materials
Rubbers are often used for seal applications due to their special material properties and easy use. In many applications the material is exposed to low temperatures during Operation. Therefore it is important to know the material behavior at low temperatures to determine the temperature ränge that allows a Safe Operation of the seal, e.g. in storage and transport Containers for radioactive materials.
The seal function of an elastomer is limited in temperature by the rubber-glass transition during which the material properties change from rubber-like to stiff and glass-like. For a given application this correlation is not trivial and therefore needs an in-depth investigation under consideration of the physical properties and the
application conditions.
In this work different analytical methods are used to characterize the material behavior at low temperature in the ränge of the glass-rubber-transition and are compared with the quality of Operation of a component which is here defined by the detected leakage rate.
Technomer 2011 - 22. Fachtagung über Verarbeitung und Anwendung von Polymeren
27664
978-3-939382-10-2
Technomer 2011 - 22. Fachtagung über Verarbeitung und Anwendung von Polymeren
Chemnitz, Deutschland
10.11.2011
12.11.2011
Matthias Jaunich
Sebastian Schulz
Wolfgang Stark
Dietmar Wolff
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
26291
2012
eng
904
908
7
31
article
Elsevier Science
Amsterdam [u.a.]
1
--
--
--
Investigation of the crosslinking behaviour of ehtylene vinyl acetate (EVA) for solar cell encapsulation by rheology and ultrasound
EVA is a widely used material for the encapsulation of photovoltaic modules. It melts at elevated temperatures, and seals the module before it is crosslinked at temperatures above 130 °C by a peroxide-initiated crosslinking reaction. EVA has good optical properties necessary for application in solar modules. For process optimization and quality management, a method for the quick and reliable characterization of EVA crosslinking behaviour is of great value. Here, the practicability of ultrasound for online crosslinking monitoring is demonstrated. A sound velocity increase of about 8 m/s during the crosslinking reaction is found. The ultrasound results are compared with rheometer measurements performed with a curemeter typically used for the investigation of rubber crosslinking.
Polymer testing
29044
10.1016/j.polymertesting.2012.07.004
0142-9418
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
13.08.2012
Wolfgang Stark
Matthias Jaunich
W. Bohmeyer
K. Lange
eng
uncontrolled
Ethylene vinyl acetate
eng
uncontrolled
EVA
eng
uncontrolled
Crosslinking
eng
uncontrolled
Ultrasound
eng
uncontrolled
Rheology
eng
uncontrolled
Curemeter
eng
uncontrolled
DSC
Verlagsliteratur
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
27795
2013
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Investigating Low Temperature Properties of Rubber Seals
Waste Management Symposia 2013
30630
Waste Management Symposia 2013
Phoenix, AZ, USA
2013-02-24
2013-02-28
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
16730
2008
deu
poster
0
--
--
--
Können UF-Formmassen überhärten? Die Aussage des Kochversuchs!
1. Wildauer Duromer-Tagung
18758
1. Wildauer Duromer-Tagung
Wildau, Germany
2008-03-11
2008-03-11
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
18271
2008
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Aktueller Stand der Online-Kontrolle der Elastomer Vulkanisation und Ausblick auf zukünftige Arbeiten
Jahrestagung DKG-Bezirksgruppe Ost
20395
Jahrestagung DKG-Bezirksgruppe Ost
Merseburg, Germany
2008-11-06
2008-11-07
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
16088
2007
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Überwachung des Vulkanisationsverlaufs mit Ultraschall
Jahrestagung der Deutschen Kautschuk-Gesellschaft (DKG), Bezirksgruppe Ost
18048
Jahrestagung der Deutschen Kautschuk-Gesellschaft (DKG), Bezirksgruppe Ost
Bad Lauchstädt, Germany
2007-11-08
2007-11-09
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
16089
2007
deu
poster
0
--
--
--
Härtung von Harnstoffformmassen: Die Aussagekraft des Kochversuchs!
10th International AVK Conference on Reinforced Plastics
18049
10th International AVK Conference on Reinforced Plastics
Stuttgart, Germany
2007-11-05
2007-11-06
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
18052
2009
deu
poster
0
--
--
--
Properties of elastomeric seals at low temperature
International Rubber Conference
20152
International Rubber Conference
Nuremberg, Germany
2009-06-29
2009-07-02
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
18574
2008
eng
133
conferenceobject
Deutsches Institut für Kautschuktechnologie e.V.
0
--
--
--
In-situ vulcanization monitoring by ultrasonic wave propagation
8. Kautschuk-Herbst-Kolloquium, 26.- 28.11.2008, Hannover (Proceedings)
20729
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
8. Kautschuk-Herbst-Kolloquium
Hannover, Deutschland
2008-11-26
2008-11-28
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
B. Hoster
eng
uncontrolled
Vulcanization
eng
uncontrolled
Cure monitoring
eng
uncontrolled
Ultrasound
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
Graue Literatur
29067
2013
eng
1261
1272
7
32
article
Elsevier Science
Amsterdam [u.a.]
1
--
--
--
Cure state detection for pre-cured carbon-fibre epoxy prepreg (CFC) using temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC)
Carbon-fibre prepregs have found widespread use in lightweight applications. They are based on a carbon-fibre fabric impregnated with reactive epoxy resin. Prepreg materials are generally pre-cured so that they have a higher molecular weight than typical resins in order to reduce resin flow, which facilitates storage and later processing properties.
The measurements were carried out using commercially available materials and follow the published DMA investigations of the same material. TMDSC was used to find the correlation between curing conditions, the degree of cure and glass transition temperature. TMDSC has the advantage over standard DSC that it enables better determination of the glass transition temperature, which is often accompanied by an exothermic curing reaction, and thus overshadowed. The influence of the amplitude of temperature modulation was tested in preliminary experiments. For non-cured material a glass transition temperature of approximately 0 °C was determined; whereas for the totally cured material it was approximately 230 °C. The changes in degree of cure, temperature of actual glass transition and post-reaction are given as a function of curing time at 180 °C. The correlation between actual glass transition temperature and degree of cure is derived.
Polymer Testing
31967
10.1016/j.polymertesting.2013.07.007
0142-9418
16.09.2013
Wolfgang Stark
Matthias Jaunich
J. McHugh
eng
uncontrolled
Prepreg
eng
uncontrolled
Carbon fibre
eng
uncontrolled
Glass transition
eng
uncontrolled
Degree of curing
eng
uncontrolled
DSC
eng
uncontrolled
TMDSC
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
29044
2013
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Investigation of Elastomer Seal Behavior for Transport and Storage Packages
17th International Symposium on the Packaging and Transportation of Radioactive Materials (PATRAM 2013)
31943
17th International Symposium on the Packaging and Transportation of Radioactive Materials (PATRAM 2013)
San Francisco, CA, USA
2013-08-18
2013-08-23
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
29221
2013
deu
51
58
conferenceobject
Vulkan
0
--
--
--
Was passiert bei tiefen Temperaturen? - Dichtungsverhalten im Bereich des Glasübergangs
Elastomere werden vielfach als Dichtungsmaterial für verschiedene Anwendungen eingesetzt.
In vielen Bereichen ist die Funktion der Dichtung auch bei tiefen Temperaturen erforderlich. Daher ist das Verständnis des Versagensmechanismus von großer Bedeutung.
Normalerweise werden Elastomere oberhalb ihres Glass-Gummi Umwandlungsbereiches eingesetzt, wobei die minimale Einsatztemperatur nicht exakt definiert ist. Daher ist es sinnvoll, diese untere Temperatureinsatzgrenze in Abhängigkeit von den Materialeigenschaften zu bestimmen. Hierfür werden die Ergebnisse der thermischen Analyse mit den Resultaten des Druckverformungsrests aus einer abgewandelten Messung mit der Dynamisch Mechanischen Analyse (DMA) kombiniert.
Weiterhin werden Ergebnisse von Bauteilversuchen vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Die vorgestellten Untersuchungen wurden zum großen Teil auf Untersuchungen im Rahmen der Dissertation von M. Jaunich durchgeführt.
XVIII. Dichtungskolloquium - Sichere und zuverlässige Dichtverbindungen
32127
978-3-8027-2216-5
XVIII. Dichtungskolloquium - Sichere und zuverlässige Dichtverbindungen
Rheine, Germany
25.09.2013
26.09.2013
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
Wolfgang Stark
deu
uncontrolled
Dichtung
deu
uncontrolled
Glasübergang
deu
uncontrolled
Elastomer
deu
uncontrolled
Druckverformungsrest
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
29616
2013
deu
1
8
Kapitel V 3.4
conferenceobject
Technische Universität Chemnitz
0
--
--
--
Druckverformungsrest bei tiefen Temperaturen
Für Elastomenwerkstoffe im Allgemeinen und im Bereich der Dichtungstechnik im Besonderen ist der Druckverformungsrest eine wichtige Kenngröße zur Beurteilung der Eignung eines Werkstoffs bzw. der Funktion eines Bauteils. Er ermöglicht eine Einschätzung des zeitabhängigen Rückstellverhaltens eines Werkstoffs nach Deformation. Dieses ist für Dichtungen von besonderer Bedeutung, da der Test deren Einbauzustand nachstellt.
Oft wird er, bei der Prüfung unter erhöhten Temperaturen, zur Beurteilung des Alterungsverhaltens verwendet und kann anhand eines definierten Versagenskriteriums zur Lebensdauerabschätzung eingesetzt werden. Bei tiefen Temperaturen dient er dazu, die limitierende Einsatztemperatur zu bestimmen. Dabei spielt eine Alterung im eigentlichen Sinne nur eine untergeordnete Rolle, wohl aber physikalische Effekte wie Tieftemperaturkristallisation und Glasübergang. Diese Effekte sind weit weniger durch lange Lagerzeiten beeinflusst als die eigentliche Alterung.
Die Versuchsdurchführung unterscheidet sich je nach angewandter Norm und kann einen deutlichen Einfluss auf den Druckverformungsrest haben. Alle standardisierten Methoden sind aufgrund der langen Lagerzeiten relativ langwierig und erfordern das regelmäßige Eingreifen durch den Prüfer. Zusätzlich sehen einige Methoden nur die Bestimmung eines einzelnen Wertes nach einer definierten Zeit vor.
Um die Messungen zu beschleunigen wurde eine Methode entwickelt, die automatisch die erforderlichen Messungen bei mehreren Temperaturen durchführt.
Dazu wird ein Prüfgerät der Dynamisch Mechanischen Analyse verwendet, das kontinuierlich die Deformation während eines frei programmierbaren Temperaturzyklus misst, wodurch eine sehr große Datenmenge verfügbar ist.
Ein Vergleich der neuen Methode mit den Ergebnissen des nach ISO 815 genormten Messprinzips ergibt eine gute Übereinstimmung. Ergebnisse der neuen Methode werden vorgestellt und die Vorzüge der kontinuierlichen Datenerfassung, z.B. für die Materialauswahl, diskutiert.
Die vorgestellten Ergebnisse beziehen sich zum großen Teil auf die in beschriebenen Untersuchungen und Ergebnisse.
Technomer 2013 - 23. Fachtagung über Verarbeitung und Anwendung von Polymeren
32542
978-3-939382-11-9
Technomer 2013 - 23. Fachtagung über Verarbeitung und Anwendung von Polymeren
Chemnitz, Germany
14.11.2013
15.11.2013
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
Dietmar Wolff
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
29661
2013
deu
82
91
bookpartcollection
Mannheim
ISGATEC GmbH
0
--
--
--
Elastomere - Untersuchung des Tieftemperaturverhaltens im Dichtungseinsatz
Aufgrund ihrer einfachen und zuverlässigen Anwendung werden Elastomere für viele Dichtungsaufgaben eingesetzt. In vielen Anwendungsbereichen, wie z.B. Verkehr, Luftfahrt und Verfahrenstechnik, können während des Einsatzes tiefe Temperaturen auftreten, bei denen die Funktionsfähigkeit der Dichtung erhalten bleiben muss. Daher ist die Untersuchung des Verhaltens von Elastomerdichtungen bei tiefen Temperaturen wichtig, um ihren Temperatureinsatzbereich nach unten abzugrenzen und dadurch einen verlässlichen Betrieb zu sichern. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, den sicheren Einschluss von gefährlichen Gütern unter verschiedenen Umgebungsbedingungen und über lange Zeiten zu ermöglichen bzw. die Materialauswahl entsprechend zu steuern.
Dichtungstechnik Jahrbuch 2014
32590
978-3-9811509-7-1
Matthias Jaunich
Ulrich Probst
Sebastian Schulz
Dietmar Wolff
Wolfgang Stark
deu
uncontrolled
Dichtung
deu
uncontrolled
Druckverformungsrest
deu
uncontrolled
Elastomer
deu
uncontrolled
Glasübergang
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
21272
2010
deu
1
4
Sektion 5 / 503
conferenceobject
Berlin
Kerntechnische Gesellschaft e.V. (KTG)
0
--
--
--
Tieftemperaturverhalten von Elastomerdichtungen - Eigenschaftsbestimmung für den Einsatz in Transport- und Lagerbehältern für radioaktive Stoffe
Die Messung des dynamischen Speichermoduls mit der Dynamisch-Mechanischen-Analyse ermöglicht einen schnellen Überblick über das temperaturabhängige Verhalten von elastomeren Dichtungsmaterialien. Ein direkter Rückschluss von der so ermittelten Glasübergangstemperatur Tg auf die Versagenstemperatur einer Dichtung ist aber ohne zusätzliche Messungen bisher nicht möglich.
Mit den Ergebnissen des Druckverformungsrestes DVR und des DVRDMA ist eine ge-nauere Beschreibung der Tieftemperatureigenschaften und dadurch der Funktion von elastomeren Dichtungsmaterialien möglich. Messungen ergeben beispielsweise, dass sich das EPDM bei einer Temperatur von -40 °C laut der Dynamisch Mechanischen Analyse noch im gummielastischen Bereich befindet. Die DVRDMA-Werte zeigen eine Rückstellung um mehr als 40 % der Ausgangsdeformation in wenigen Minuten.
Mit derart detailliert bestimmten Eigenschaften lassen sich Rückschlüsse auf einsatzspezifische Anforderungen wie z. B. die Dichtwirkung in Abhängigkeit von Betriebstemperatur und mechanischer Belastungsgeschwindigkeit ziehen, so dass je nach Einsatzbedingungen für die Dichtungen eine geeignete Materialauswahl getrof-fen werden kann.
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik 2010 (Proceedings)
23674
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik 2010
Berlin, Deutschland
2010-05-04
2010-05-06
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
Wolfgang Stark
deu
uncontrolled
Dichtungen
deu
uncontrolled
Elastomere
deu
uncontrolled
Tieftemperaturverhalten
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
Graue Literatur
22331
2010
eng
175
178
bookpartcollection
Deutsches Institut für Kautschuktechnologie e.V.
0
--
--
--
Low temperature properties of rubber seals
9th Fall rubber colloquium
24851
978-3-9814076-0-0
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
9th Fall rubber colloquium
Hannover, Germany
2010-11-03
2010-11-05
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
Dietmar Wolff
eng
uncontrolled
Dichtungen
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomere
eng
uncontrolled
Tieftemperaturverhalten
Verlagsliteratur
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
20630
2009
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Untersuchung des Tieftemperaturverhaltens von Elastomeren im Dichtungseinsatz
Polymerwissenschaftliches Seminar des Fachgebietes Polymertechnik/-physik der TU-Berlin
22939
Polymerwissenschaftliches Seminar des Fachgebietes Polymertechnik/-physik der TU-Berlin
Berlin, Germany
2009-12-02
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
20684
2010
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Tieftemperaturverhalten von Elastomerdichtungen
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik
22999
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik
Berlin, Germany
2010-05-04
2010-05-06
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
21207
2010
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Low temperature properties of rubber seals
9. Rubber Fall Colloquium
23604
9. Rubber Fall Colloquium
Hanover, Germany
2010-11-03
2010-11-05
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
21208
2010
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Elastomerprüfung in der Kälte, DVR und Glasübergang
Treffen der Deutschen Kautschukgesellschaft e. V. Bezirksgruppe Ost
23605
Treffen der Deutschen Kautschukgesellschaft e. V. Bezirksgruppe Ost
Berlin, Germany
2010-05-27
2010-05-28
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
23206
2011
eng
236
242
2
30
article
Elsevier Ltd.
Amsterdam [u.a.]
1
--
--
--
Investigation of ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) by thermal analysis DSC and DMA
Two types of commercially applied Ethylene/Vinyl Acetate Copolymers (EVA) for encapsulation of photovoltaic modules were investigated by the thermal analysis methods of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) in the temperature range from -150 °C to 200 °C. Glass transition, crystal melting and cross-linking were analyzed. The aims of the investigations were to gain more information for incoming goods control and to get information about the whole temperature dependent material properties in the investigated temperature range, starting at very low temperatures up to the crosslinking temperature region.
Polymer testing
25777
10.1016/j.polymertesting.2010.12.003
0142-9418
10.02.2011
Wolfgang Stark
Matthias Jaunich
eng
uncontrolled
EVA
eng
uncontrolled
Thermal analysis
eng
uncontrolled
DSC
eng
uncontrolled
DMA
eng
uncontrolled
Glass transition
eng
uncontrolled
Crystal melting
eng
uncontrolled
Cross-linking
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
26524
2012
eng
295
300
A 16
conferenceobject
Frankfurt/M.
VDMA Fluidtechnik
0
--
--
--
Material behaviour of static seals at low temperatures
17th ISC - International sealing conference
29294
978-3-00-039198-9
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
17th ISC - International sealing conference
Stuttgart, Germany
2012-09-13
2012-09-14
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
Dietmar Wolff
Verlagsliteratur
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
26538
2012
eng
987
992
8
31
article
Elsevier Science
Amsterdam [u.a.]
1
--
--
--
Comparison of low temperature properties of different elastomer materials investigated by a new method for compression set measurement
The method for the determination of compression set values with a Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) setup at low temperatures, which was presented previously, allows a much faster and readily automated procedure than the standardized compression set test according to ISO 815-2. This method is applied to a series of different elastomeric materials that are commonly used for sealing applications. The results of the compression set test are compared with results from thermal analysis to allow an in depth comparison of the material behaviour at low temperatures.
Furthermore, a comparison between two EPDM materials is presented. These materials show very similar properties determined by thermo analytical methods such as Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) but differ clearly in their compression set behaviour. This comparison shows the importance and value of information of the compression set test in addition to thermal analysis to judge the behaviour of sealing materials and confirms the relevance of the new compression set test method for the investigation of low temperature properties of elastomers.
Polymer testing
29310
10.1016/j.polymertesting.2012.07.016
0142-9418
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
24.09.2012
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
Dietmar Wolff
eng
uncontrolled
Sealing material
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomer
eng
uncontrolled
Compression set
eng
uncontrolled
Dynamic mechanical analysis
eng
uncontrolled
Low temperature behaviour
Verlagsliteratur
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
26812
2012
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Material behaviour of static seals at low temperatures
17th ISC Stuttgart 2012
29594
17th ISC Stuttgart 2012
Stuttgart, Germany
2012-09-13
2012-09-14
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
26814
2012
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Tieftemperaturverhalten und Alterung von Elastomerdichtungen - Aktuelle Tätigkeiten und Ziele
Herbsttreffen der Bezirksgruppe Ost der Deutschen Kautschuk Gesellschaft e.V.
29596
Herbsttreffen der Bezirksgruppe Ost der Deutschen Kautschuk Gesellschaft e.V.
Dresden, Germany
2012-11-28
2012-11-29
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
26937
2012
eng
654
659
5
31
article
Elsevier Science
Amsterdam [u.a.]
1
--
--
--
Correlation between crack propagation rate and cure process of epoxy resins
Fracture mechanics approaches are increasingly applied for the characterization of epoxy resin and adhesive mechanical properties. Therefore, the fracture toughness and crack resistance under static load ISO 13586 [1] are often regarded as state of the art to analyse material improvements. However, experimental investigations on fatigue behaviour, thus the crack propagation according to ISO 15850 [2], seem to be much more sensitive to characterize the materials for in service loading conditions. Firstly, an efficient testing concept was developed at BAM. In this framework, the geometry for a modified single edge notched tensile specimen (SET) was developed in order to assure appropriate resolution in measuring the crack length via a CCD-camera [3]. In the next step, the influence of the cure temperature on the fracture-mechanical properties was investigated.
Polymer testing
29723
10.1016/j.polymertesting.2012.03.007
0142-9418
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
12.11.2012
Volker Trappe
Stephan Günzel
Matthias Jaunich
eng
uncontrolled
Fracture toughness
eng
uncontrolled
Crack resistance
eng
uncontrolled
Fracture mechanics
eng
uncontrolled
Plastics
eng
uncontrolled
Crack propagation
Verlagsliteratur
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
26995
2012
eng
1
8
khk2012_jaunich.pdf
conferenceobject
Deutsches Institut für Kautschuktechnologie e.V.
0
--
--
--
Low temperature properties of rubber seals - results of component tests
10th Fall rubber colloquium (Proceedings)
29782
978-3-9814076-1-7
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
10th Fall rubber colloquium
Hannover, Germany
2012-11-07
2012-11-09
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
Wolfgang Stark
Verlagsliteratur
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
26953
2012
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Low temperature properties of rubber seals - Results of component tests -
10th Rubber Fall Colloquium
29740
10th Rubber Fall Colloquium
Hanover, Germany
2012-11-07
2012-11-09
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
26106
2012
eng
558
566
2
19
article
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
New York, NY
1
--
--
--
Acoustic data of cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) and cured liquid silicone rubber (LSR) by means of ultrasonic and low frequency DMTA
Partial discharges may cause damage to electrical insulation of high voltage equipment. They initiate elastic waves in the insulating material, e.g. in the stress cone of an outdoor termination. Localisation of the origin of such elastic waves can help to predict serious damaging processes in the electrical insulation. In order to measure and evaluate the wave propagation effects in typical multilayered elastomeric structures, knowledge of the material properties is required. The propagating velocity and the attenuation of longitudinal waves are important parameters. Values for these quantities found in the literature were not appropriate. Therefore, for cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and cured liquid silicone rubber (LSR), the longitudinal wave velocity and the attenuation were evaluated in the temperature interval from -20°C to 50°C and in the frequency range from 200 kHz to 600 kHz using a two-sample ultrasound technique. The loss factor was determined from these measured quantities. Additionally, low frequency Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) was applied to investigate LSR and XLPE in a temperature interval between -100 and 50°C and to check qualitatively the ultrasound data.
IEEE transactions on dielectrics and electrical insulation
28851
10.1109/TDEI.2012.6180250
1070-9878
0018-9367
1558-4135
28.06.2012
Uwe Buchholz
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
Wolfgang Habel
B.A.T. Petersson
eng
uncontrolled
Acoustic propagation
eng
uncontrolled
Cross linked polyethylene insulation
eng
uncontrolled
Mechanical variables measurement
eng
uncontrolled
Silicone rubber
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
28853
2013
eng
1
12
conferenceobject
Phoenix, Arizona, USA
0
--
--
--
Investigating low temperature properties of rubber seals
To achieve the required tightness levels of Containers for low and intermediate level radioactive wastes rubbers are widely applied as main sealing materials. The save encapsulation of the radioactive Container contents has to be guaranteed according to legislation and appropriate guidelines for long storage periods as well as down to temperatures of-40 °C during transportation.
Therefore the understanding of failure mechanisms that lead to leakage at low temperatures is of high importance.
It is known that the material properties of rubbers are strongly influenced by temperature. At low temperatures this is caused by the rubber-glass transition (abbr. glass transition). During continuous cooling the material changes from rubber-like entropy-elastic to stiff energy-elastic behaviour, that allows nearly no strain or retraction. Therefore, rubbers are normally used above their glass transition but the minimum working temperature limit is not defrned precisely, what can cause problems during application. The temperature ränge where full functionality is possible is strongly dependent on the application conditions and the material.
For this investigation mainly ethylene propylene diene (EPDM) and fluorocarbon rubbers (FKM) were selected as they are often used for radioactive waste Containers.
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) are typically used for the determination of the temperature ränge of the glass transition process. The standardized compression set measurement according to ISO 815 is common for investigation of rubber sealing materials as the test simulates the seal behaviour after release. To reduce the test time of the Standard tests a faster technique giving the same information was developed.
Additionally, the breakdown temperature of the sealing function of complete O-ring seals is measured in a component test Setup to compare it with the results of the other tests. The experimental Setup is capable of measuring the leakage rate at low temperatures by the pressure rise method.
A model was developed that allows calculating the minimum working temperature limit of a seal by combining the results of the applied methods.
WM2013 Conference (Proceedings)
31739
978-0-9836186-2-1
WM2013 Conference
Phoenix, Arizona, USA
24.02.2013
28.02.2013
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
Wolfgang Stark
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
28912
2013
deu
1
11
bookpartcollection
Mannheim
ISGATEC GmbH
0
--
--
--
Langzeituntersuchungen an Metalldichtungen mit innen liegendem Federkern und doppelter Ummantelung
In Deutschland werden in Transport- und Lagerbehältern (TLB) wärmeentwickelnde radioaktive Abfälle gegenwärtig über einen Zeitraum von bis zu 40 Jahren zwischengelagert. Aufgrund der Situation der noch nicht abgeschlossenen Endlagersuche werden hier möglicherweise Verlängerungen in Betracht zu ziehen sein. Im Deckeldichtsystem der TLB werden in der Regel Metalldichtungen vom Typ Helicoflex® eines französischen Herstellers verwendet, die aus einem innen liegenden Spiralfederkern und zwei Ummantelungen bestehen. Die Ermittlung der Fliess- und Relaxationseigenschaften der Dichtungskomponenten über den vorgesehenen langen Betriebseitraum sind vor dem Hintergrund des Erhalte eines geforderten hohen Dichtniveaus ein wichtiger Untersuchungsgegenstand.
Dichtungstechnik Jahrbuch 2014
31803
978-3-9811509-7-1
Ulrich Probst
Sebastian Schulz
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
Holger Völzke
deu
uncontrolled
Metalldichtung
deu
uncontrolled
Langzeiteignung
deu
uncontrolled
Dichtsysteme
deu
uncontrolled
Transport- und Lagerbehälter für radioaktive Stoffe
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
28894
2013
eng
26
30
7-8
66
article
Hüthig
Heidelberg
Deutsche Kautschuk-Gesellschaft
1
--
--
--
Low temperature properties of rubber seals - Results of component tests -
Rubbers are widely used as sealing material in various applications. In many fieldsthefunction of seal materials at lowtemperatures is required. Therefore the understanding of faiiure mechanisms that lead to leakage at low temperatures is of high importance. Therefore the lower Operation temperature limit of rubber seals should be determined in dependence of the material properties.
The results of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) are combined with results of standardized measurements as the compression set according to ISO 815. To reduce the test time of the Standard tests a faster and more efficient technique was developed and applied. In addition the breakdown temperature of the sealing function of O-ring seals at lowtemperatures is measured in a component test Setup in dependence of the material and the degree of compression.
Kautschuk, Gummi, Kunststoffe (KGK)
31783
0948-3276
0022-9520
08.08.2013
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
Wolfgang Stark
eng
uncontrolled
Seal
eng
uncontrolled
O-ring
eng
uncontrolled
Low temperature
eng
uncontrolled
Component test
eng
uncontrolled
Compression set
deu
uncontrolled
Dichtungen
deu
uncontrolled
O-Ringe
deu
uncontrolled
Tiefe Temperatur
deu
uncontrolled
Bauteilversuche
deu
uncontrolled
Druckverformungsrest
Verlagsliteratur
29188
2013
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Was passiert bei tiefen Temperaturen - Dichtungsverhalten im Bereich des Glasübergangs -
XVIII. Dichtungskolloquium
32092
XVIII. Dichtungskolloquium
Rheine, Germany
2013-09-25
2013-09-26
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
29479
2013
eng
1487
1494
8
32
article
Elsevier Science
Amsterdam [u.a.]
1
--
--
--
Carbon-fibre epoxy prepreg (CFC) curing in an autoclave analogue process controlled by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA)
Carbon fibre prepregs have found widespread application in lightweight constructions. They are based on a carbon-fibre fabric impregnated with reactive epoxy resin. DMA measurements under temperature conditions similar to an autoclave programme were carried out using commercially available prepreg material with a high glass transition temperature. The characteristic of the temperature programme was a dynamic heating segment at 1.5 K/min followed by a longer isothermal segment at 180 °C. The courses of the storage modulus E', loss modulus E'' and tanδ were recorded. The measuring frequency was varied between 1 Hz and 33.3 Hz. Gelation and vitrification are assigned. The influence of the measuring frequency on the time to vitrification and the correlation with DSC are discussed. The reaction does not end even after 10 h curing at 180 °C, which is interpreted as the slow cessation of the reaction caused by vitrification.
Polymer Testing
32405
10.1016/j.polymertesting.2013.09.014
0142-9418
11.11.2013
Wolfgang Stark
Matthias Jaunich
J. McHugh
eng
uncontrolled
Prepreg
eng
uncontrolled
CFC
eng
uncontrolled
Curing
eng
uncontrolled
DMA
eng
uncontrolled
DSC
eng
uncontrolled
Autoclave
eng
uncontrolled
Gelation
eng
uncontrolled
Vitrification
eng
uncontrolled
Glass transition
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
56398
2022
eng
1
8
117
article
Elsevier Ltd.
1
--
--
--
Three-dimensional thermal expansion of neat and irradiated (U)HMWPE materials at elevated temperatures
The thermal expansion of polymeric parts can be an issue in many applications where the available space is limited, or exact dimensions of the part are required. For this study, a device was designed and built that allowed measuring the thermal expansion simultaneously in all three spatial directions on cubic samples with real-scale dimensions (78 mm edge length). The results are shown between 25 °C and 125 °C for two PE materials, one HMWPE and one tempered UHMWPE, for non-irradiated samples as well as cubes that have been irradiated with 100 and 400 kGy. The results measured with the new device were very similar to those measured with conventional thermo-mechanical analysis equipment and to literature data of UHMWPE. The HMWPE material shows a much larger thermal expansion coefficient in one direction compared to the other two directions during the first heating due to frozen stresses from the pressing step during material manufacturing. These stresses are mostly released by the expansion during the first heating, so that the expansion during the second heating is more uniform. The overall volumetric expansion is the same for both heating runs. By contrast, the tempered UHMWPE material shows no significant difference between first and second heating run, as the stresses from processing could already relax in the tempering step. The irradiation treatment does not affect the values significantly for the given test set-up.
Polymer Testing
10.1016/j.polymertesting.2022.107841
urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-563987
0142-9418
publish
05.12.2022
Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International
Anja Kömmling
Tobias Grelle
Matthias Jaunich
Milan Goral
Dietmar Wolff
eng
uncontrolled
Lupolen
eng
uncontrolled
Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene
eng
uncontrolled
GUR
eng
uncontrolled
Coefficient of thermal expansion
eng
uncontrolled
High temperature
Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Angewandte Physik
3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher
3.4 Sicherheit von Lagerbehältern
Energie
Material
Verlagsliteratur
Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")
Kerntechnische Entsorgung
Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/56398/PE thermal expansion final.pdf
56399
2023
deu
43
63
2023
bookpartcollection
ISGATEC GmbH
Mannheim
0
--
--
--
Langzeitversuche über 10 Jahre an Federkern-Metalldichtungen mit Aluminium- bzw. Silberummantelungen
Federunterstützte Metalldichtungen mit Aluminium(Al)- oder Silber(Ag)-Ummantelung werden u.a. in Behältern für Wärme entwickelnde radioaktive Abfälle eingesetzt, da diese Dichtungen eine sehr gute Dichtheit gewährleisten sowie Langlebigkeit und Beständigkeit gegenüber erhöhten Temperaturen und radioaktiver Strahlung aufweisen. Auch wenn die Sicherheit solcher Behälter und der verwendeten Dichtungen vielfach belegt wurde, sind sie Gegenstand andauernder Forschung, etwa im Hinblick auf eine absehbar benötigte verlängerte Zwischenlagerdauer. Aus diesem Grund werden an der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) im Fachbereich 3.4 „Sicherheit von Lagerbehältern“ seit über 20 Jahren Versuche an solchen Metalldichtungen durchgeführt. Dabei sollen zusätzliche Erkenntnisse hinsichtlich der Sicherheitsreserven der Dichtungen in unterstellten Störfallszenarien (axiale Bewegung des Deckelsystems bzw. Aufweitung der Nutgeometrie) und insbesondere detailliertere Erkenntnisse zum Langzeitverhalten gewonnen werden.
JAHRBUCH Dichten. Kleben. Polymer. 2023
publish
false
true
Milan Goral
Anja Kömmling
Ulrich Probst
Peter Wossidlo
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
Holger Völzke
deu
uncontrolled
Federunterstützte Metalldichtungen
deu
uncontrolled
Transport- und Lagerbehälter für radioaktive Stoffe
deu
uncontrolled
Langzeitversuche
deu
uncontrolled
Alterung
deu
uncontrolled
Dichtheit
deu
uncontrolled
Leckagerate
deu
uncontrolled
Helium-Dichtheitsprüfung
Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Angewandte Physik
3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher
3.4 Sicherheit von Lagerbehältern
Energie
Material
Degradation von Werkstoffen
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Kerntechnische Entsorgung
56400
2022
eng
lecture
0
--
--
--
Investigations at BAM on Fuel Cladding Integrity and DPC Seal Performance
The presentation provides an update on preliminary results from research projects in the area of long term performance of metal seals and fuel rod integrity as safety relevant components of spent fuel transport and storage casks for spent nuclear fuel.
Extended Storage Collaboration Program (ESCP) winter meeting 2022
Charlotte, NC, USA
07.11.2022
10.11.2022
publish
false
true
0
Matthias Jaunich
eng
uncontrolled
Metal seal
eng
uncontrolled
Fuel cladding
eng
uncontrolled
Ring compression test
eng
uncontrolled
Brittle failure
Angewandte Physik
3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher
3.4 Sicherheit von Lagerbehältern
Energie
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Präsentation
Kerntechnische Entsorgung
54591
2022
eng
1
9
article
Springer
Berlin
1
--
--
--
Oxidative ageing of elastomers: Experiment and modelling
During an extensive test programme at the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und prüfung, material property changes of EPDM O-rings were investigated at different ageing times and two ageing temperatures of 125∘C and 150∘C. To exclude possible diffusion-limited oxidation (DLO) effects that can distort the data, IRHD microhardness measurements were taken over the cross section of compressed O-rings. Continuous stress relaxation measurements were taken on samples free of DLO effects. The additional effect of physical processes to irreversible chemical ones during a long-term thermal exposure is quantified by the analysis of compression set measurements under various test conditions. By combining the different experimental methods, characteristic times relative to the degradation processes were determined. On the basis of experimental data, a microphysically motivated model that takes into account reversible and irreversible processes was developed. The parameter identification strategy of the material model is based on our experimental investigations on homogeneously aged elastomer O-rings. The simulated results are in good agreement with the experiments.
Continuum mechanics and thermodynamics
10.1007/s00161-022-01093-9
urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-545910
1432-0959
publish
25.04.2022
Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Maha Zaghdoudi
Anja Kömmling
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
eng
uncontrolled
Compression stress relaxation
eng
uncontrolled
Compression set
eng
uncontrolled
IRHD microhardness
eng
uncontrolled
Modelling
Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Angewandte Physik
3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher
3.4 Sicherheit von Lagerbehältern
Energie
Material
Degradation von Werkstoffen
Verlagsliteratur
Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")
Kerntechnische Entsorgung
Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/54591/s00161-022-01093-9.pdf
54422
2021
eng
1
8
conferenceobject
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
New York, NY, USA
1
--
--
--
A numerical approach to correlate compression stress relaxation and compression set of elastomer O-rings with tightness
The excellent mechanical properties of elastomer seals at a wide range of temperatures as well as their high versatility and recovery potential under several load conditions make these materials well suitable for the application in containers designed for transport and disposal of negligible heat generating radioactive waste. While a seal exchange at defined intervals is typical in many conventional applications, it is impossible or at least hard to perform when principles of minimization of radiation exposure have to be considered which prohibit an avoidable cask handling. An extensive knowledge of the change of the elastomer properties during aging and the availability of reliable end-of-lifetime criteria to guarantee the safe enclosure of the radioactive material for the required time are mandatory. As BAM is involved in most of the national cask licensing procedures and in the evaluation of cask-related long-term safety issues, great efforts have already been made and are still ongoing to scientifically support this task.
Among other representative types of elastomers, specimen made from ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) were tested before, during and after aging to capture the with respect to application most important of their complex mechanical properties.
Exemplary results of these investigations were used to calibrate material models implemented in the commercial finite element software ABAQUS/Standard®. The finite element model already presented in previous works uses a sequential temperature displacement coupling. The calculated compression stress relaxation (CSR) and compression set (CS) values do satisfactorily match the experimental results.
In many investigations performed at BAM both values (CSR and CS) were identified as key indicators of elastomer’s long-term performance.
However, the possibility to correlate these equivalent indicators with performance values such as tightness and leakage rate, measurable in the mounted state, is an important goal of our future work. In the presented study the ABAQUS® feature of “pressure penetration” is introduced in the suggested finite element model for this purpose. It provides the possibility to simulate the penetration of a gas into a possible gap between flange and O-ring causing an opening of a leakage path. Three dimensional and axis-symmetric finite element models were generated to represent flat and grooved flanges of different dimensions.
The sensitivity of the feature to several input parameters is investigated and the observed behavior of the O-ring is correlated with the results of performed leakage tests.
Proceedings of the ASME 2021 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference (PVP2021)
10.1115/PVP2021-61976
978-0-7918-8535-2
ASME 2021 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference (PVP2021)
Online meeting
13.07.2021
15.07.2021
publish
https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/54423
05.12.2022
Mike Weber
Maha Zaghdoudi
Anja Kömmling
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomer
eng
uncontrolled
Tightness
eng
uncontrolled
Leakage
eng
uncontrolled
Compression set
eng
uncontrolled
Compression stress relaxation
Angewandte Physik
3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher
3.4 Sicherheit von Lagerbehältern
Energie
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Graue Literatur
Kerntechnische Entsorgung
55861
2022
eng
1
10
conferenceobject
0
--
--
--
Cooperation in Advanced Technologies Associated with the Back End of Nuclear Fuel Cycle
A Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne) and the German Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) was signed in October 2014. Its objectives are to promote cooperation among scientists and specialists at Argonne and BAM and establish a framework for collaboration in advanced technologies associated with the back end of the nuclear fuel cycle. Collaborative activities involving Argonne and BAM may be implemented through the promotion of joint research activities and scientific workshops and conferences; exchange of technical information; and visits by scientists, specialists, and graduate, postgraduate, and Ph.D. students. The MOU was renewed in January 2020 for another five years. Highlights of the progress and achievements are provided in identified topical areas for collaboration on ageing management guidance, storage, transportation and disposal R&D, joint conference activities, and conclude with the benefits of the MOU in fostering Argonne and BAM collaboration.
SMiRT 26 Conference Proceedings
26th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology - SMiRT 26
Potsdam, Germany
10.07.2022
15.07.2022
publish
false
true
Yung Liu
Holger Völzke
Uwe Zencker
Matthias Jaunich
eng
uncontrolled
Nuclear fuel cycle
eng
uncontrolled
Back end
eng
uncontrolled
Spent fuel performance
eng
uncontrolled
Storage
eng
uncontrolled
Transportation
Angewandte Physik
3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher
3.4 Sicherheit von Lagerbehältern
Energie
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Graue Literatur
Kerntechnische Entsorgung
57093
2022
eng
1
8
conferenceobject
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
New York, NY, USA
0
--
--
--
Coefficients of Friction in Dependence on Aging State of Elastomers – Experimental Identification and Numerical Simulation of the Experiment
Elastomer seals are mounted as barrier seals in lid systems of containers designed for transport and disposal of negligible heat generating radioactive waste and as auxiliary seals in spent fuel storage and transportation casks (dual purpose casks (DPC)). When the behavior of mounted seals under normal and hypothetical accident conditions of disposal and transport is to be simulated, a comprehensive knowledge of their complex mechanical properties at every state of aging is necessary. In previous works, BAM’s efforts in experimental investigations on specimen artificially aged at different temperatures and times and the implementation of the found results in finite element material models were presented. Additionally, our approaches to reproduce the aging process itself and to extrapolate the results of artificially accelerated aging to longer times were presented. Numerical simulations have shown that the behavior of the seal during mounting and one-sided pressurizing and the resulting performance values such as leakage rate strongly depend on the coefficient of friction (COF) between flange and seal. The friction coefficient, in turn, depends on the aging state of the elastomer material as several publications suggest (see below).
Dynamic COF between an exemplary ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) material and a stainless steel ball were determined by using a self-designed linear oscillation tribometer. Unaged and artificially aged EPDM specimen stored for 30 days and 100 days at a temperature of 150 °C were tested. A stainless steel ball (d=10 mm) is brought in contact with the specimen’s surface und loaded by normal forces of 2.5 N, 5 N, 10 N and 20 N. During a reciprocating movement of the EPDM sheet, the horizontal force/friction force is continuously measured, and the COF can be derived.
It is well known that friction is a complex phenomenon especially in soft materials. It cannot be excluded that the measured friction force is influenced by additional force components, resulting from the ball’s grooving through the elastomer’s surface. This force depends on the penetration depth of the ball and on the resistance of the elastomer in its different states of aging. The latter results from microstructural changes i.e., chain scission and additional crosslinking that occur during aging which in turn influence the softening or hardening of the material.
A finite element (FE) ABAQUS® model was developed to reproduce the measurement process. It should help to better understand the physical mechanisms and to quantify the percentage of measured forces resulting from real friction on the one hand and forces resulting from unintended side effects that could falsify the result on the other hand. The behavior of the elastomer in its different states of aging is reproduced by a FE material model already presented in previous works of BAM.
Proceedings of the ASME 2022 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference (PVP2022)
ASME 2022 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference (PVP2022)
Las Vegas, NV, USA
17.02.2022
22.07.2022
publish
https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/57095
Mike Weber
Maha Zaghdoudi
Guido Brandt
Anja Kömmling
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
eng
uncontrolled
Numerical Simulation
eng
uncontrolled
Radioactive Waste
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomers
eng
uncontrolled
Aging
eng
uncontrolled
Seal Behavior
eng
uncontrolled
Leakage Rate
eng
uncontrolled
Coefficient of Friction
eng
uncontrolled
Experiment
Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher
3.4 Sicherheit von Lagerbehältern
9 Komponentensicherheit
Energie
Material
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Graue Literatur
Kerntechnische Entsorgung
9.5 Tribologie und Verschleißschutz
36514
2016
eng
lecture
0
--
--
--
Use of rubber seals at low temperatures
Rubber is widely used as sealing material in various applications. In many fields the function of seal materials at low temperatures is necessary. Therefore, the understanding of failure mechanisms that lead to leakage at low temperatures is of high importance.
It is known that the material properties of rubbers are strongly temperature dependent. At low temperatures this is caused by the rubber-glass transition (abbr. glass transition). During continuous cooling, due to the glass transition the material changes from rubber-like entropy-elastic behaviour to stiff energy-elastic behaviour, that allows nearly no strain or retraction. Hence, rubbers are normally used above their glass transition. But as the minimum working temperature limit of elastomers cannot be defined globally and precisely, the lower operation temperature limit of rubber seals should be determined in dependence of the application conditions and the most relevant material properties.
In this paper, wesummarize results of our temperature dependent investigation of seal material properties by classical thermal analysis as Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), combined with measurements of standardized tests as compression set and the seal performance determined in component tests. To reduce the test time of compression set tests a faster technique was developed and applied.
To study the influence of dynamic events on the seal performance and to enhance the understanding of occurring seal failure, a setup for a fast partial seal release was designed.
RubberCon 2016
Tampere, Finland
08.06.2016
09.06.2016
0
Matthias Jaunich
eng
uncontrolled
O-Ring
eng
uncontrolled
Compression set
eng
uncontrolled
Leakage rate
eng
uncontrolled
Low temperature
Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Angewandte Physik
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Präsentation
37046
2016
eng
Paper 63192, 1
10
7
conferenceobject
American society of mechanical engineers (ASME)
1
--
--
--
Testing and numerical simulation of elastomeric seals under consideration of time dependent effects
Due to delays in the siting procedure to establish a deep geological repository for spent nuclear fuel and high level waste and in construction of the already licensed Konrad repository for low and intermediate level waste, extended periods of interim storage will become more relevant in Germany. BAM is involved in most of the cask licensing procedures and is responsible for the evaluation of cask-related long-term safety issues. Elastomeric seals are widely used as barrier seals for containers for low and intermediate level radioactive waste. In addition they are also used as auxiliary seals in spent fuel storage and transportation casks (dual purpose casks (DPC)).
To address the complex requirements resulting from the described applications, BAM has initiated several test programs for investigating the behavior of elastomeric seals. These include experiments concerning the hyperelastic and viscoelastic behavior at different temperatures and strain rates, the low temperature performance down to -40°C, the influence of gamma irradiation and the aging behavior.
The first part of the paper gives an overview of these tests, their relevant results and their possible impact on BAM’s work as a consultant in the framework of approval and licensing procedures.
The second part presents an approach of the development of a finite element model using the finite element code ABAQUS®. The long-term goal is to simulate the complex elastomeric behavior in a complete lid closure system under specific operation and accident conditions.
Proceedings-CD, ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference (PVP2016)
978-0-7918-5045-9
ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference (PVP2016)
Vancouver, BC, Canada
17.07.2016
21.07.2016
07.04.2017
Mike Weber
Anja Kömmling
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
Uwe Zencker
Holger Völzke
Dietmar Schulze
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomeric seals
eng
uncontrolled
Testing
eng
uncontrolled
Low temperature behavior
eng
uncontrolled
Aging
eng
uncontrolled
Simulation
eng
uncontrolled
Time dependent effects
Angewandte Physik
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Präsentation
37361
2016
eng
A1
1
2016/53
article
Elsevier Sci Ltd.
Oxford, UK
1
--
--
--
Polymer Testing - Editorial
Conferences and trade fairs as meeting points for technical people concerned with testing of polymers.
Polymer Testing
10.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.06.020
0142-9418
15.09.2016
Matthias Jaunich
eng
uncontrolled
conferences
eng
uncontrolled
editorial
eng
uncontrolled
trade fair
Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Angewandte Physik
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
37362
2016
eng
III
1
2016/51
article
Elsevier Sci. Ltd.
Oxford, UK
0
--
--
--
Polymer Testing - Editorial
Thoughts about getting started as Associate Editor for Polymer Testing.
Polymer Testing
10.1016/S0142-9418(16)30279-3
0142-9418
Matthias Jaunich
eng
uncontrolled
Editorial
eng
uncontrolled
Getting started
eng
uncontrolled
Polymer Testing
Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Angewandte Physik
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
35915
2016
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Untersuchungen der BAM zum Langzeitverhalten von Metall- und Elastomerdichtungen sowie an Polymeren zur Neutronenmoderation
Ein wesentliches sicherheitstechnisches Kriterium für Transport und Lagerbehälter ist das Langzeitverhalten von verschraubten Deckel-Dichtsystemen unter Verwendung von Metall- und Elastomerdichtungen sowie von im Behälterkörper integrierten Polyethylenen zur Neutronen¬abschirmung.
Die ordnungsgemäße Funktion der Metalldichtungen ist Voraussetzung für die Einhaltung der geforderten Dichtheit des Deckelsystems, während die Elastomerdichtungen für die Messung der Leckagerate an den Metalldichtungen benötigt werden. Darüber hinaus kommen Elastomer-dichtungen als Primärdichtungen in Behältern für radioaktive Abfälle mit vernachlässigbarer Wärmeentwicklung zum Einsatz.
Zur Bewertung des Dichtungsverhaltens sind die alterungsabhängige verbleibende Rückstellkraft für die Metall- und Elastomerdichtungen sowie die sog. nutzbare Rückfederung bei Metalldichtungen von entscheidender Bedeutung. Für Elastomerdichtungen ist zusätzlich eine radiologisch bedingte Materialdegradation zu bewerten.
In Bezug auf das Alterungsverhalten von Polyethylen zur Neutronenabschirmung sind neben zeit- und temperaturabhängigen Materialveränderungen insbesondere auch durch Gammastrahlung induzierte Degradationseffekte wie Wasserstoffabspaltung, Vernetzung und Abbau der Polymer¬moleküle zu berücksichtigen. Über die eigentliche Bewertung der Abschirmeigenschaften hinaus sind somit zusätzlich Auswirkungen von Degradationsprodukten auf andere Behälterkomponenten zu diskutieren.
Die an der BAM im Fachbereich 3.4 Sicherheit von Lagerbahältern durchgeführten und aktuell laufenden Untersuchungen werden vorgestellt und diskutiert.
5. RAM-Behältersicherheitstage
Berlin, Germany
16.03.2016
17.03.2016
0
Matthias Jaunich
deu
uncontrolled
Alterung
deu
uncontrolled
Dichtung
deu
uncontrolled
Degradation
deu
uncontrolled
Zwischenlagerung
Angewandte Physik
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Präsentation
36336
2016
eng
36
42
4
69
article
Hüthig
Heidelberg, Germany
1
--
--
--
Ageing of HNBR, EPDM and FKM O-rings
HNBR, EPDM and FKM O-rings were aged uncompressed and compressed at 75 °C, 100 °C, 125 °C and 150 °C for up to 1 year. HNBR exhibited the strongest ageing effects with high increases of hardness and glass transition temperature. Furthermore, heterogeneous ageing caused by diffusion-limited oxidation effects had a significant influence for HNBR at ageing temperatures of 125 °C and 150 °C. EPDM showed similar property changes as HNBR, but less pronounced. FKM displayed only minor ageing effects. O-rings aged in compression exhibited considerable compression set (CS). CS data was used for a time-temperature shift and resulting master curve construction. Leakage rate measurements showed that O-rings can remain leak tight under static conditions even if material properties have already deteriorated strongly.
HNBR-, EPDM- und FKM-O-Ringe wurden unverpresst und verpresst für bis zu 1 Jahr bei 75 °C, 100 °C, 125 °C und 150 °C gealtert. HNBR wies mit hohen Anstiegen von Härte und Glasübergangstemperatur die stärksten Alterungseffekte auf. Weiterhin hatte heterogene Alterung aufgrund von diffusionsbegrenzten Oxidationseffekten einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf HNBR bei Alterungstemperaturen von 125 °C und 150 °C. EPDM zeigte ähnliche Eigenschaftsänderungen wie HNBR, allerdings schwächer ausgeprägt. FKM wies nur geringfügige Alterungseffekte auf. O-Ringe, die verpresst gealtert wurden, hatten eine starke bleibende Verformung (DVR). Die gemessenen DVRWerte wurden für eine Zeit-Temperatur-Verschiebung und die Konstruktion einer Masterkurve genutzt. Leckageratenmessungen zeigten, dass O-Ringe unter statischen Bedingungen dicht bleiben können, auch wenn die Materialeigenschaften schon stark degradiert sind.
KGK - Kautschuk Gummi Kunststoffe
0022-9520
0948-3276
20.06.2016
Anja Kömmling
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
eng
uncontrolled
Aging
eng
uncontrolled
Degradation
eng
uncontrolled
Leakage
eng
uncontrolled
Compression
eng
uncontrolled
Seal
Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
36337
2016
eng
lecture
0
--
--
--
Investigations to predict the long term performance of polymeric components of storage casks for radioactive waste
As a Federal institute for materials research and testing it is part of our tasks to evaluate the safety of casks designed for transport and/or storage of radioactive material. This includes the investigation of elastomeric seals and polymeric neutron shielding materials used in the containers.
In this contribution we would like to present our research focused on the long term performance and associated changes of material properties of elastomeric seals (e.g. EPDM, FKM) and neutron shielding materials ((Ultra) High Molecular Weight Polyethylene) employed in storage casks. Our approach comprises accelerated ageing investigations at elevated temperatures and to some extent investigations of irradiated materials.
As the requirements for the extended use of cables in nuclear power plants and for the long term use of cask components are to a certain extent similar, our work might be of interest for the workshop on “Cables ageing in nuclear power plants; R&D current status and forecast”.
Cables ageing in nuclear power plants; R&D current status and forecast
Rez, Czech Republic
24.05.2016
25.05.2016
0
Matthias Jaunich
eng
uncontrolled
Ageing
eng
uncontrolled
Lifetime evaluation
eng
uncontrolled
Rubber seal
eng
uncontrolled
Neutron shielding
eng
uncontrolled
Storage cask
Angewandte Physik
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Präsentation
31331
2014
deu
1
7
148
conferenceobject
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (DGZfP)
Berlin
0
--
--
--
Fourier-spektroskopische Untersuchungen im mittleren- und fernen Infrarotbereich an Co-60 bestrahlten und thermisch belasteten ultrahochmolekularen Polyethylen-Proben
Fourier-Spektroskopische Untersuchungen von hochmolekularem Polyethylen (HMW-PE) und ultrahochmolekularem Polyethylen (UHMW-PE) im Mittleren - und Fernen Infrarotbereich können Veränderungen der molekularen Strukturen nachweisen, die durch Co60 γ-Strahlung und Rekristallisationsprozesse initiiert werden. UHMW-PE und HMW-PE sind im gewählten IR-Bereich unterscheidbar. Die integrale Absorption der B1u – Gitterschwingungen im Fernen Infrarotbereich (THz-Bereich) ermöglichen die quantitative Beschreibung des Kristallinitätsgrades und dessen Abbau. Die Bildung ungesättigter Vinylengruppen und der Abbau ungesättigter Methylengruppen können im Mittleren Infrarotbereich nachgewiesen werden.
DGZfP-Berichtsband
34342
978-3-940283-61-0
urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-313317
DGZfP-Jahrestagung 2014
Potsdam, Germany
26.05.2014
28.05.2014
Creative Commons - Namensnennung-Keine Bearbeitung
Jörg Beckmann
Kerstin von der Ehe
Matthias Jaunich
U. Schade
E. F. Aziz
Dietmar Wolff
eng
uncontrolled
Infrared and far-infrared spectroscopy
eng
uncontrolled
Polyethylene
eng
uncontrolled
Co-60 irradiation
Analytische Chemie
Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")
Graue Literatur
Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/31331/p37.pdf
30668
2014
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Approach for the Investigation of Elastomer Seal long termin Behavior for Transport and Storage Packages
Delft, Netherlands
33645
Delft, Netherlands
2014-05-26
2014-05-28
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
30669
2014
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
An Approach to improve the understanding of elastomeric seals in use in storage containers
45th Annual Meeting on Nuclear Technology
33646
45th Annual Meeting on Nuclear Technology
Frankfurt am Main, Germany
2014-05-06
2014-05-08
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
30673
2014
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Langzeituntersuchungen an Behälterwerkstoffen und -komponenten
4. RAM-Behältersicherheitstage
33650
4. RAM-Behältersicherheitstage
Berlin, Germany
2014-03-26
2014-03-27
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
30674
2014
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Investigation of Elastomer Seal Behavior for Transport and Storage Packages
Workshop PURAM - BAM
33651
Workshop PURAM - BAM
Paks, Hungary
2014-03-18
2014-03-18
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
31250
2014
eng
1
4
conferenceobject
1
--
--
--
An approach to improve the understanding of elastomeric seals in use in storage containers
Elastomers are widely used as main sealing materials in Containers for low and intermediate level radioactive waste and as additional component to metal seals in spent fuel and high active waste Containers. They are applied due to their special material properties and easy use [1]. For this application several challenging prerequisites must be met for the essential reliable Operation of the seal.
45th Annual meeting on nuclear technology (Proceedings)
34256
978-3-926956-99-6
45th Annual meeting on nuclear technology
Frankfurt, Germany
06.05.2014
08.05.2014
28.08.2014
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
32072
2014
eng
1
9
conferenceobject
1
--
--
--
Understanding the long-term behavior of sealing systems and neutron shielding material for extended dry cask storage
In Germany, the concept of dry interim storage in dual purpose metal casks before disposal is being pursued for spent nuclear fuel (SF) and high active waste (HAW) management. However, since there is no repository available today, the initially planned and established dry interim storage license duration of up to 40 years will be too short and its extension will become necessary. For such a storage license extension it is required to assess the long-term performance of SF and all safety related storage system components in order to confirm the viability of extended storage.
The main safety relevant components are the thick-walled dual purpose metal casks. These casks consist of a monolithic cask body with integrated neutron shielding components (polymers, e.g. polyethylene) and a monitored double lid barrier system with metal and elastomeric seals. The metal seals of this bolted closure system guarantee the required leak-tightness whereas the elastomeric seals allow for leakage rate measurement of the metal seals.
This paper presents an update on running long-term tests on metal seals at different temperatures under static conditions over longer periods of time. In addition, first results of our approach to understand the aging behavior of different elastomeric seals and neutron radiation shielding material polyethylene are discussed.
PSAM 12 - Probabilistic safety assessment and management (Proceedings)
35133
PSAM 12 - Probabilistic safety assessment and management
Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
22.06.2014
27.06.2014
27.11.2014
Dietmar Wolff
Matthias Jaunich
Ulrich Probst
Sven Nagelschmidt
eng
uncontrolled
Extended storage
eng
uncontrolled
Dual purpose casks
eng
uncontrolled
Metal seals
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomeric seals
eng
uncontrolled
Neutron shielding material
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Graue Literatur
30377
2013
eng
Paper 227, 1
8
conferenceobject
Omnipress
Institute of Nuclear Materials Management (INMM)
0
--
--
--
Investigation of elastomer seal behavior for transport and storage packages
Rubbers are widely used as main sealing materials for containers for low and intermediate level radioactive waste and as additional component to metal seals in spent fuel and high active waste containers. According to appropriate guidelines and regulations safe enclosure of the radioactive container contents has to be guaranteed for long storage periods as well as down to temperatures of -40 °C for transportation. Therefore the understanding of seal behavior is of high importance.
In this paper we focus on the behavior of elastomer seals at low temperatures with regard to poten-tial decrease of leak-tightness. In addition, changes in material properties due to aging effects over long periods of time and their influence on the seal performance is investigated.
It is known that material properties of rubbers are strongly temperature dependent. At low tempera-tures this is caused by the rubber-glass transition (abbr. glass transition). During continuous cool-ing, the material changes from rubber-like entropy-elastic to stiff energy-elastic behavior, that al-lows nearly no strain or retraction due to the glass transition. Hence rubbers are normally used above their glass transition but the minimum working temperature limit is not defined precisely.
Aging of elastomer seals is important, as possible dynamic loads may have to be considered during the whole interim storage period (so far approved in Germany for up to 40 years) and for transporta-tion after storage.
For the investigations, fluorocarbon (FKM) and ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubbers were selected as they are often used in radioactive waste containers. Some materials were purchased from a commercial seal producer and some materials were compounded and cured at BAM. The elastom-ers where studied by several thermo-analytical methods and compression set to characterize the material behavior at low temperatures. Additionally component tests were performed to determine the breakdown temperature of the sealing function of complete elastomer O-rings.
PATRAM 2013 - 17th International symposium on the packaging and transportation of radioactive materials (Proceedings)
33347
PATRAM 2013 - 17th International symposium on the packaging and transportation of radioactive materials
San Francisco, CA, USA
18.08.2013
23.08.2013
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
Wolfgang Stark
Holger Völzke
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Graue Literatur
30274
2014
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Druckverformungsrest bei tiefen Temperaturen
23. Fachtagung Technormer
33236
23. Fachtagung Technormer
Chemnitz, Germany
2014-11-14
2014-11-15
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
31947
2013
eng
1
8
conferenceobject
Omnipress
Institute of Nuclear Materials Management (INMM)
0
--
--
--
Numerical evaluation of the long-term sealing performance of the silver gasket for dual purpose metal cask under high temperature
It is important to evaluate the effect of thermal ageing on the sealing performance of metal gaskets under high temperature for long-term usage. Therefore, in order to gain representative data for this kind of metal-sealed lid System, BAM is currently performing laboratory tests of different gasket types with aluminum and silver jackets at three different temperatures under static conditions up to four years so far, using test flanges for gaskets with full scale cross section diameter but much smaller outer diameter. On the other hand, in order to investigate the applicability of the numerical methodology to evaluate the long-term behavior of the metal gaskets, such as a correlation between seal pressure force and holding time, CRIEPI is developing a modeling method including material tests (tensile and creep tests) at high temperature. In this paper, the applicability of the finite element method (ABAQUS) to predict the recovery displacement and residual seal pressure force of the gasket complex was verified by comparing the calculated values with BAM’s laboratory test results under the joint research agreement between BAM and CRIEPI.
PATRAM 2013 - 17th International symposium on the packaging and transportation of radioactive materials (Proceedings)
35005
PATRAM 2013 - 17th International symposium on the packaging and transportation of radioactive materials
San Francisco, CA, USA
18.08.2013
23.08.2013
K. Shirai
K. Namba
M. Wataru
Holger Völzke
Dietmar Wolff
Ulrich Probst
Matthias Jaunich
Sebastian Schulz
eng
uncontrolled
Metal seals
eng
uncontrolled
Extended storage
eng
uncontrolled
Long-term storage
eng
uncontrolled
Dual purpose cask
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Graue Literatur
30667
2014
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Untersuchungen an Elastomerdichtungen - Tieftemperatur und Alterung
PolyMerTec 2014
33644
PolyMerTec 2014
Merseburg, Germany
2014-06-25
2014-06-27
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
31572
2014
deu
487
491
8
67
article
Gupta
Ratingen
0
--
--
--
Druckverformungsrest bei tiefen Temperaturen
Der Druckverformungsrest (DVR) stellt insbesondere für Dichtungsanwendungen eine wichtige Kenngröße zur Beurteilung der Eignung eines Elastomers dar. Er ermöglicht die Einschätzung des zeitabhängigen Rückstellverhaltens eines Werkstoffs nach Deformation. Neben der Prüfung bei erhöhten Temperaturen, zur Beurteilung des Alterungsverhaltens, lässt sich bei der Durchführung bei tiefen Temperaturen die limitierende Einsatztemperatur bestimmen. Die Versuchsdurchführung unterscheidet sich je nach angewandter Norm und kann einen deutlichen Einfluss auf den DVR-Wert haben. Um bei tiefen Temperaturen eine schnelle Aussage zu gestatten, ist eine im Vergleich zu genormten Methoden deutlich schneller durchzuführende, automatisierte Methode entwickelt und mit Standardmethoden verglichen worden. Durch kontinuierliche Messung des Druckverformungsrests kann die Kinetik der Materialrückstellung betrachtet und dadurch ein effizienter Materialvergleich und eine effiziente Materialauswahl ermöglicht werden. Compression set (CS) is especially for sealing applications an important parameter for material selection. It allows an assessment of the time dependent recovery after deformation.
In addition to testing at elevated temperatures which aims at the evaluation of the ageing behaviour, testing at low temperatures permits the determination of the low working temperature limit. The test procedure varies depending on the applied standard and can show a significant effect on the CS value. In order to allow a quick statement regarding low temperatures an automated procedure being significantly faster realisable in relation to the standardised methods has been developed and compared with standard procedures. Continuous measurement of the compression set allows evaluating the recovery kinetics and therefore an efficient comparison and selection of materials.
GAK: Gummi, Fasern, Kunststoffe
34597
0176-1625
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
Dietmar Wolff
deu
uncontrolled
Druckverformungsrest
deu
uncontrolled
Elastomere
deu
uncontrolled
Dichtung
deu
uncontrolled
O-Ring
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
19841
2009
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Tieftemperaturverhalten von Elastomeren im Dichtungseinsatz
21. Fachtagung Technomer
22100
21. Fachtagung Technomer
Chemnitz, Germany
2009-11-12
2009-11-14
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
19008
2008
deu
poster
0
--
--
--
In-situ Vulcanization monitoring by ultrasonic wave propagation
8. Kautschuk-Herbst-Kolloquium
21195
8. Kautschuk-Herbst-Kolloquium
Hanover, Germany
2008-11-26
2008-11-28
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
19611
2009
eng
1
3
Poster 23
conferenceobject
Deutsche Kautschuk-Gesellschaft e.V.
0
--
--
--
Properties of elastomeric seals at low temperature
International rubber conference 2009
21851
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
International rubber conference (IRC 2009)
Nürnberg, Germany
2009-06-29
2009-07-02
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
Dietmar Wolff
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
Graue Literatur
19568
2009
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Tieftemperaturverhalten von Elastomerdichtungen - Randbedingung für den Einsatz in Transport- und Lagerbehältern für radioaktive Stoffe
Polymerwissenschaftliches Seminar, BAM
21805
Polymerwissenschaftliches Seminar, BAM
Berlin, Germany
2009-06-18
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
19858
2009
eng
1
9
9
14
article
NDT.net
Kirchwald
0
--
--
--
Monitoring of the vulcanisation process by ultrasound during injection moulding
Today rubber is due to its unique property profile one of the most important materials for the production of bearings, dampers or also tires and tubes. In the production of rubber goods a chemical cross-linking reaction (vulcanisation) generates the final material properties. This process takes place during the shape giving of the rubber compound in the mould and can proceed for several minutes. The cross-linking process is influenced by the mixture of the basic polymer, the cross-linking agent, the influence of catalysts and inhibitors and especially the processing conditions. The quality of every ingredient, the reproducibility of the mixing ratio, the homogeneity of the mixture and the accurateness in temperature control can have a direct influence on the cross linking reaction. To control the quality of a rubber compound and verify the processing conditions in industry moving die rheometers, named curemeter, are involved in the production process. Starting from our experience in cure monitoring of thermosetting materials by measuring ultrasound velocity in the mould we extended the measuring principle to rubber vulcanisation monitoring. After first investigations using a compression mould we dealt here with on-line monitoring of vulcanisation in an injection moulding process which is one of the most used techniques in rubber industry.
The e-journal of nondestructive testing & ultrasonics
22118
https://www.ndt.net/search/docs.php3?id=8042
1435-4934
B. Hoster
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
eng
uncontrolled
Ultrasonic
eng
uncontrolled
Sound velocity
eng
uncontrolled
Vulcanisation
eng
uncontrolled
On-line monitoring
eng
uncontrolled
Injection moulding
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Graue Literatur
21997
2010
eng
1
6
conferenceobject
Druck-Zuck GmbH
Halle / Saale
0
--
--
--
Detection of structural changes of (U)HMW-PE induced by gamma irradiation
14th International conference "Polymeric materials" - P.2010 (Proceedings)
24469
978-3-86829-282-4
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
14th International conference "Polymeric materials"
Halle (Saale), Germany
2010-09-15
2010-09-17
Kerstin von der Ehe
Matthias Jaunich
Martin Böhning
Harald Goering
Dietmar Wolff
Verlagsliteratur
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
18674
2009
eng
84
88
1
28
article
Elsevier Science
Amsterdam [u.a.]
1
--
--
--
Monitoring the vulcanization of elastomers: Comparison of curemeter and ultrasonic online control
The vulcanization of elastomeric materials has a high impact on the properties of the final product. Therefore, it is important to monitor and control this crosslinking process. A common technique to attain the necessary curing time is the use of a curemeter in accordance with ISO 6502 in order to determine the time for full cure of a sample with a standardized geometry. Based on this result and a lot of practical experience, the required curing time for a given product geometry is estimated. Within the scope of this work, a new analysis technique will be compared with the standard procedure. The ultrasonic online control employs ultrasound waves to measure the changes in material properties caused by vulcanization. For this study, a natural rubber compound with a conventional curing system was investigated by both techniques. It was found that the results of the ultrasonic technique show good agreement with the results of the curemeter.
Polymer testing
20835
10.1016/j.polymertesting.2008.11.005
0142-9418
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
15.01.2009
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
B. Hoster
eng
uncontrolled
Cure process
eng
uncontrolled
Ultrasound
eng
uncontrolled
Curemeter
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomer
eng
uncontrolled
Vulcanization
eng
uncontrolled
Online control
Verlagsliteratur
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
19959
2009
eng
901
906
8
28
article
Elsevier Science
Amsterdam [u.a.]
1
--
--
--
Monitoring the vulcanization of rubber with ultrasound: Influence of material thickness and temperature
In consideration of the influence of the curing reaction on the material properties of elastomers, it is very important to control the vulcanization process properly.
As shown previously [1], the effects of the vulcanization reaction of an elastomer can be monitored by use of ultrasonic sound waves. This technique has to a certain degree a high similarity to the standard curemeter test according to ISO 6502 but can be applied also inside a production tool.
So far, the method was only applied to the vulcanization of one compound at a given temperature and sample thickness. This is now complemented with measurements on another compound system at different temperatures and sample thicknesses.
The expected effects of temperature and thickness on the curing behaviour were found by use of the ultrasound online control.
Polymer testing
22223
10.1016/j.polymertesting.2009.08.006
0142-9418
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
01.10.2009
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
eng
uncontrolled
Vulcanization
eng
uncontrolled
Cure process
eng
uncontrolled
Ultrasound
eng
uncontrolled
Curemeter
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomer
eng
uncontrolled
Natural rubber
Verlagsliteratur
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
20386
2009
deu
1
9
ETV7
bookpartcollection
Technische Universität Chemnitz
0
--
--
--
Messung des Tieftemperaturverhaltens von Elastomer-Dichtungen
TECHNOMER 2009 - 21. Fachtagung über Verarbeitung und Anwendung von Polymeren
22677
978-3-939382-09-6
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
TECHNOMER 2009 - 21. Fachtagung über Verarbeitung und Anwendung von Polymeren
Chemnitz, Deutschland
2009-11-12
2009-11-14
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
Dietmar Wolff
deu
uncontrolled
Dichtungen
deu
uncontrolled
Elastomere
deu
uncontrolled
Tieftemperaturverhalten
Verlagsliteratur
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
21502
2010
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Understanding the low temperature properties of rubber seals
PATRAM 2010
23924
PATRAM 2010
London, England
2010-10-03
2010-10-08
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
21914
2010
eng
815
823
7
29
article
Elsevier Science
Amsterdam [u.a.]
1
--
--
--
A new method to evaluate the low temperature function of rubber sealing materials
A new method for the evaluation of the low temperature properties of rubber materials is presented. The method emulates the standardized compression set measurement, which is frequently used for sealing materials, but can be performed within a considerably shorter time. The results are compared with the standard test and found to be qualitatively the same. Slight differences are discussed on the basis of the differences in the measurement procedures. Further data evaluation is done by fitting functions to describe the material behaviour.
Polymer testing
24380
10.1016/j.polymertesting.2010.07.006
0142-9418
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
09.09.2010
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
Dietmar Wolff
eng
uncontrolled
Sealing material
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomer
eng
uncontrolled
Compression set
eng
uncontrolled
Dynamic mechanical analysis
eng
uncontrolled
Low temperature behaviour
Verlagsliteratur
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
23288
2011
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Untersuchung des Tieftemperaturverhaltens von Elastomeren im Dichtungseinsatz
Polymerwissenschaftliches Seminar des Fachgebietes Polymertechnik/-physik der TU-Berlin
25863
Polymerwissenschaftliches Seminar des Fachgebietes Polymertechnik/-physik der TU-Berlin
Berlin, Germany
2011-02-17
2011-02-17
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
23887
2010
eng
1
7 (Session T41 / Paper 169)
conferenceobject
PATRAM
0
--
--
--
Understanding the low temperature properties of rubber seals
Rubbers are widely used as main sealing materials for containers for low and intermediate level radioactive waste and as additional component to metal seals in spent fuel and high active waste containers. The save encapsulation of the radioactive container inventory has to be guaranteed according to legislation and appropriate guidelines for long term storage periods as well as down to temperatures of -40 °C during transport.
Therefore the understanding of failure mechanisms that lead to leakage at low temperatures is of high importance.
It is known that the material properties of rubbers are strongly temperature dependent. At low temperatures this is caused by the rubber-glass transition (abbr. glass transition). During continuous cooling the material changes from rubber-like entropy-elastic to stiff energy-elastic behaviour, that allows nearly no strain or retraction, due to the glass transition. Hence rubbers are normally used above their glass transition but the minimum working temperature limit is not defined precisely, what can cause problems during application. Therefore the lower operation temperature limit of rubber seals should be determined in dependence of the material properties.
The results of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) are combined with the results of standardized measurements as the compression set according to ISO 815. To reduce the test time of the standard tests a faster technique was developed.
Additionally, the breakdown temperature of the sealing function of complete O-ring seals is measured in a component test setup to compare it with the results of the other tests. The experimental setup is capable of measuring the leakage rate at low temperatures by the pressure rise method.
A fluorocarbon rubber (FKM) was selected for this investigation as it is often used for radioactive waste containers. Some materials (seals and test sheets) were purchased from a commercial seal producer and some materials were compounded and cured at BAM in form of rubber sheets.
PATRAM 2010 - 16th International symposium on the packaging and transport of radioactive materials (Proceedings)
26490
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
PATRAM 2010 - 16th International symposium on the packaging and transport of radioactive materials
London, UK
2010-10-03
2010-10-08
Matthias Jaunich
Kerstin von der Ehe
Dietmar Wolff
Holger Völzke
Wolfgang Stark
eng
uncontrolled
Dichtungen
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomere
eng
uncontrolled
Tieftemperaturverhalten
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
Graue Literatur
24015
2011
eng
83
88
2
22
article
Ramtrans Publ.
Ashford
0
--
--
--
Understanding low temperature properties of elastomer seals
Elastomers are widely used as the main sealing materials for containers for low and intermediate level radioactive waste and as an additional component to metal seals in spent fuel and high active waste containers. The safe encapsulation of the radioactive container inventory has to be guaranteed according to regulation and appropriate guidelines for long term storage periods as well as for temperatures as low as -40°C during transport. Therefore, the understanding of failure mechanisms that lead to leakage at low temperatures is of high importance. It is known that the material properties of elastomers are strongly temperature dependent. At low temperatures, this is caused by the rubber-glass transition (abbreviated: glass transition). During continuous cooling, the material changes from a rubber-like entropy elastic to a stiff energy elastic behaviour, which allows nearly no strain or retraction. Hence, rubbers are normally used above their glass transition, but the minimum working temperature limit is not defined precisely; this can cause problems during the above noted applications. Therefore, the lower operation temperature limit of elastomer seals must be determined in dependence of the material properties. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) are combined with standardised measurements to determine the compression set according to ISO 815. To reduce the test time of the standard tests, a faster technique than normally used was developed. Additionally, the breakdown temperature of the sealing function of complete O ring seals was measured in a component test set-up to compare it with the results of the other tests. The experimental set-up is capable of measuring the leakage rate at low temperatures by the pressure rise method. A fluorocarbon rubber (FKM) was selected for this investigation as it is often used for radioactive waste containers. The materials (seals and test sheets) were purchased from a commercial seal producer.
Packaging, transport, storage & security of radioactive materials (RAMTRANS)
26635
10.1179/1746510911Y.0000000004
1746-5095
1746-5109
0957-476X
Matthias Jaunich
Kerstin von der Ehe
Dietmar Wolff
Holger Völzke
Wolfgang Stark
eng
uncontrolled
Sealing material
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomer
eng
uncontrolled
Compression set
eng
uncontrolled
Dynamic mechanical analysis
eng
uncontrolled
Low temperature behaviour
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
24168
2011
deu
3
5
8
article
Netzsch
0
--
--
--
Thermoanalytische Charakterisierung von Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymer (EVA) für Photovoltaikmodule
Das Ziel der Untersuchungen war mit Hilfe von DSC und DMA EVA-Folien im Anlieferungszustand hinsichtlich der Lage der Glasübergangstemperatur, des Schmelzverhaltens und der Temperaturabhängigkeit der Vernetzungsreaktion zu charakterisieren. Auf dieser Basis sollte die Lieferstabilität im Sinne einer Wareneingangskontrolle auf eine messtechnische Basis gestellt werden. In einem 2. Schritt sollte die vernetzte Folie dahingehend charakterisiert werden, ob infolge der Vernetzung eine Änderung der
OnSet
26798
Wolfgang Stark
Matthias Jaunich
deu
uncontrolled
Photovoltaik
deu
uncontrolled
Klebfolie
deu
uncontrolled
EVA
deu
uncontrolled
DSC
deu
uncontrolled
DMA
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Graue Literatur
23421
2010
eng
1
4(?)
conferenceobject
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
0
--
--
--
Relation between dielectric and mechanical losses in ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride - hexafluoropropylene) films
The temperature dependences of dielectric permittivity and elastic modulus of poly(vinylidene fluoride - hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF-HFP)) are compared and explained by use of structural data obtained by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray analysis. Special emphasis is put on the effect of uniaxial stretching which renders the polymer ferroelectric. It is shown that dielectric and mechanical relaxations at the glass transition (aa relaxation) are closely related and not significantly affected by stretching. It is further confirmed that stretching destroys the non-polar spherulitic crystalline structure and produces relatively small-sized polar crystallites. This manifests in the disappearence of the so-called ac relaxation which is associated to molecular motions within the spherulitic crystalline lamellae. However, there are discrepancies between dielectric and mechanical losses above the glass transition which point towards a still not described structural transition.
10th IEEE International conference on solid dielectrics (ICSD)
26000
978-1-4244-7945-0
10.1109/ICSD.2010.5567936
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
10th IEEE International conference on solid dielectrics (ICSD)
Potsdam, Germany
2010-07-04
2010-07-09
P. Frübing
F. Wang
C. Günter
R. Gerhard
M. Wegener
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
eng
uncontrolled
Poly(vinylidene(fluoride - hexafluoropropylene)
eng
uncontrolled
P(VDF-HFP)
eng
uncontrolled
Ferroelectric polymer
eng
uncontrolled
Dielectric relaxation
eng
uncontrolled
Dynamic mechanical analysis
eng
uncontrolled
Uniaxial stretching
Verlagsliteratur
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
23422
2011
eng
52
55
03
article
Hüthig
Heidelberg
Deutsche Kautschuk-Gesellschaft
1
--
--
--
Low temperature properties of rubber seals
Rubber is widely used as sealing material in various applications. In many fields the sealing function at low temperatures is necessary. Therefore the understanding of failure mechanisms is of high importance. Rubbers are normally used above their glass-rubber transition region but the minimum working temperature limit is not defined precisely. Therefore the lower operation temperature limit of rubber seals should be determined in dependence of the material properties. The results of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) are combined with the results of the standardized compression set according to ISO 815 respectively a modified test using the DMA equipment.
Tiefentemperaturverhalten von Elastomerdichtungen
Elastomere werden vielfach als Dichtungsmaterial für verschiedene Anwendungen eingesetzt. In vielen Bereichen ist die Funktion der Dichtung auch bei tiefen Temperaturen erforderlich. Daher ist das Verständnis des Versagensmechanismus von großer Bedeutung. Normalerweise werden Elastomere oberhalb ihres Glass-Gummi Übergangsbereiches eingesetzt aber die minimale Einsatztemperatur ist nicht exakt definiert. Daher ist es sinnvoll diese untere Temperatureinsatzgrenze in Abhängigkeit von den Materialeigenschaften zu bestimmen. Die Ergebnisse der DSC und der DMA werden mit den Ergebnissen des standardisierten Druckverformungsrestes nach ISO 815 und einer abgewandelten Messung mit der DMA kombiniert.
Kautschuk, Gummi, Kunststoffe (KGK)
26001
0948-3276
0022-9520
31.03.2011
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
Dietmar Wolff
eng
uncontrolled
Sealing material
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomer
eng
uncontrolled
Compression set
eng
uncontrolled
Dynamic mechanical analysis
eng
uncontrolled
Low temperature behaviour
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
20566
2009
deu
828
834
11-12
51
article
Hanser
München
Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung
1
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Einfluss der Härtung auf die Materialeigenschaften eines Harnstoffharzes
Über die in der Technik weit verbreitete typisierte Harnstoffformmasse UF 131.5, ein Aminoplast, wird berichtet, dass sie im Zuge der thermisch aktivierten Vernetzungsreaktion wegen "Überhärtung" mangelhafte Eigenschaften annimmt. Zur Verifizierung dieses Effektes werden mithilfe der Ultraschall-Prozesskontrolle gezielt Proben unterschiedlicher Aushärtegrade hergestellt. Sie werden mit verschiedenen Methoden, wie der "Kochprobe" und der Thermoanalyse, charakterisiert und auf ihre Materialeigenschaften untersucht. Dabei zeigt sich ein deutlicher Einfluss der Härtezeit auf die Glasübergangstemperatur der Formmasse. In den mechanischen Eigenschaften ist eine Veränderung allerdings nur in der Schlagzähigkeit festzustellen, die sich mit steigender Härtezeit sogar wesentlich verbessert.
MP materials testing
22874
0025-5300
Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
03.12.2009
Matthias Jaunich
Wolfgang Stark
Eigenverlag BAM
Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
37554
2016
eng
lecture
0
--
--
--
Long-term behavior of elastomer seals and polymers for neutron shielding
The long time-frame of the necessary safe enclosure of radioactive waste in containers gains interna-tionally an increasing attention. As well extended storage periods as a usually necessary subsequent transportation after storage have to be evaluated.
In Germany, the concept of dry interim storage in dual purpose metal casks before disposal is being pursued for spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and high level waste (HLW) management. The initially planned and established dry interim storage license duration of up to 40 years will be too short and its exten-sion will become necessary since there is no repository available in due time.
The main safety relevant components are the thick-walled dual purpose metal casks. These casks consist e.g. of a monolithic cask body with integrated neutron shielding components (polymers, e.g. polyethylene) and a monitored double lid barrier system equipped with metal and elastomer seals. The metal seals of this bolted closure system guarantee the required leak-tightness whereas the elastomer seals allow for leakage rate measurement of the metal seals.
At BAM we focus on the long-term performance of the sealing system and neutron shielding materials as their application conditions have to be concerned as rather demanding.
Therefore, BAM began to investigate the overall function and long-term behavior of elastomer and metal seals and also the irradiation influence on neutron shielding materials.
Recently a new project was initiated to expand our investigations to get more and in some context better applicable data.
This paper describes the approach of our new research project with the aim of further closure of existing knowledge gaps and presents an overview of investigations concerning the low temperature behavior of elastomer seals, of running long-term tests on elastomer seals at different temperatures under static conditions and the influence of gamma irradiation on neutron shielding materials.
18th International Symposium on the Packaging and Transportation of Radioactive Materials (PATRAM) 2016
Kobe, Japan
18.09.2016
23.09.2016
0
Matthias Jaunich
eng
uncontrolled
Aging
eng
uncontrolled
Irradiation
eng
uncontrolled
Neutron shielding
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomer seal
Angewandte Physik
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Präsentation
37718
2016
eng
203
210
93
2016
article
Elsevier Ltd.
1
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Analysis techniques of polymeric encapsulant materials for photovoltaic modules: situation and perspectives
The properties of the encapsulant are critical to the long-term performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules under the influence of sunlight including UV, elevated temperature, humidity and diffusion of oxygen. Encapsulation process represents a bout 40% of the whole PV module cost. The introduction of new non-EVA encapsulant material type "Low-Cost, High-Performance" should provide a solution to outdoor yellowing degradation problems. The emerging encapsulant materials exhibit a good compatibility with emerging PV solar cells for long term durability. This new generation of encapsulant materials has the advantage to improve e the PV module performances and long term durability for specific climate like desert regions. This scientific contribution presents an overview of the different encapsulant materials currently on the market, the general requirements of the emerging encapsulant materials and characterizations techniques for degradation, diagnostic and reliability lifetime estimation in the framework of Algerian renewable energy strategy.
Energy Procedia
10.1016/j.egypro.2016.07.171
1876-6102
urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-377186
Africa-EU Renewable Energy Re search and Innovation Symposium, RERIS 2016
Tlemcen, Algeria
08.03.2016
10.03.2016
01.12.2016
Creative Commons - Namensnennung-Nicht kommerziell-Keine Bearbeitung
K. Agroui
Matthias Jaunich
A. Hadj Arab
eng
uncontrolled
Solar cell
eng
uncontrolled
Polymer encapsulant
eng
uncontrolled
PV module
eng
uncontrolled
Encapsulation process
eng
uncontrolled
Analysis technique
Angewandte Physik
Verlagsliteratur
Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")
Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/37718/Agroui_2016_Analysis techniques of polymeric encapsulant materials for solar_energy procedia.pdf
38012
2016
eng
261
268
56
article
Elsevier Ltd.
1
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Revealing effects of chain scission during ageing of EPDM rubber using relaxation and recovery experiment
Both chain scission and crosslinking reactions occur during ageing of EPDM rubber. However, with many conventional polymer analysis methods such as hardness and DMA, it is hardly possible to obtain information about the contribution of each reaction type to the measured data. For example, hardness and Tg both increase during ageing of EPDM, indicating crosslinking during ageing, but it is not clear whether this is partly counterbalanced by chain scission reactions which would lower hardness and Tg. An indication that chain scission reactions probably counteract the hardness or Tg increase by crosslinking is given by Compression Set (CS) measurements. CS exhibits a higher change than hardness or Tg, as CS increases additively through both chain scission and crosslinking reactions. In order to elucidate the share of chain scission reactions in the total degradation, a method testing relaxation and recovery behaviour using DMA equipment was applied. The method revealed the strong influence of chain scissions, leading to more pronounced relaxation and higher residual strain after compression.
Polymer Testing
10.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.10.026
0142-9418
1873-2348
22.12.2016
Anja Kömmling
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
eng
uncontrolled
Compression set
eng
uncontrolled
DMA
eng
uncontrolled
Nnetwork
eng
uncontrolled
Crosslinking
Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Angewandte Physik
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
38014
2016
eng
551
563
2016
conferenceobject
VDMA
0
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Influence of Ageing on Sealability of HNBR, EPDM and FKM O-rings
At BAM, which is the federal institute for materials research and testing in Germany, it is one of our tasks to evaluate the safety of casks designed for transport and/or storage of radioactive material. This includes assessment of elastomeric seals applied in the containers. Besides examining the low-temperature behaviour and irradiation effects of elastomeric seals, it is our goal to evaluate the service lifetime of the seals with regard to the requirements for long-term safety (40 years and more) of the containers. Therefore, we started an accelerated ageing programme with selected rubbers often used for seals (HNBR, EPDM and FKM) which are aged at four different temperatures (75 °C, 100 °C, 125 °C and 150 °C) up to 1 year. In order to assess sealability, O-rings are aged in compression by 25 % (corresponding to the compression during service) between plates as well as in flanges that allow leakage rate measurements. For comparison, uncompressed O-rings are aged as well. Further methods characterising seal performance are compression stress relaxation (CSR) reflecting the loss of sealing force of a compressed seal over time, and compression set (CS) which represents the recovery behaviour of a seal after release from compression. Additionally, hardness is measured for information about the change of mechanical properties. The experimental results indicate that while hardness, CSR and CS show considerable degradation effects, the leakage rate stays constant or even decreases until shrinkage and the loss of resilience of the aged seal leads to the formation of a leakage path. This indicates that static leakage rate, which is the only available direct seal performance criterion, has only limited sensitivity for the degradation of the seal material.
International Sealing Conference 2016
978-3-8163-0674-9
International Sealing Conference
Stuttgart, Germany
12.10.2016
13.10.2016
Anja Kömmling
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
eng
uncontrolled
Rubber
eng
uncontrolled
Seal
eng
uncontrolled
Degradation
Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Angewandte Physik
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Graue Literatur
33752
2015
deu
poster
0
--
--
--
Influences on the low temperature sealability of elastomer O-rings
International Rubber Conference 2015
36869
International Rubber Conference 2015
Nuremberg, Germany
2015-06-29
2015-07-02
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
32151
2014
deu
313
318
conferenceobject
Hochschule Merseburg
0
--
--
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Untersuchungen an Elastomerdichtungen - Tieftemperatur und Alterung
Ziel unserer Arbeit ist es, den sicheren Einschluss von gefährlichen Gütern in entsprechenden Verpackungen (z.B. Behälter für radioaktive Stoffe) unter verschiedenen Umgebungsbedingungen und über lange Zeiten sicher zu stellen bzw. die Materialauswahl entsprechend zu steuern. Aufgrund ihrer einfachen und zuverlässigen Anwendung werden Elastomere für viele Dichtungsaufgaben eingesetzt. In vielen Anwendungsbereichen wie z.B. Verkehr, Luftfahrt und Verfahrenstechnik können während des Einsatzes tiefe Temperaturen auftreten, bei denen die Funktionsfähigkeit der Dichtung erhalten bleiben muss. Daher ist die Untersuchung des Verhaltens von Elastomerdichtungen bei tiefen Temperaturen wichtig, um ihren Temperatureinsatzbereich nach unten abzugrenzen und dadurch einen verlässlichen Betrieb zu sichern. Dazu wurden umfangreiche Untersuchungen durchgeführt, auf deren Ergebnisse hier kurz eingegangen werden soll.
Bei allen Anwendungen ist die Frage nach der Lebenszeit einer Dichtung entscheidend für z.B. Austauschintervalle oder Wartung. Besondere Bedeutung hat die Lebensdauer allerdings bei Anwendungen, in denen ein Austausch der Dichtung nicht möglich ist. Hier kann die Dichtung über die Lebensdauer des Gesamtsystems entscheiden. Daher ist eine verlässliche Abschätzung der Lebensdauer für diese Anwendungen relevant. Dazu ist eine umfangreiche Datenbasis erforderlich. Entsprechende Arbeiten, die gerade begonnenen worden sind, sollen ergänzend vorgestellt werden. Erste konkrete Ergebnisse werden im Vortrag vorgestellt.
PolyMerTec 14
35214
PolyMerTec 14
Merseburg, Germany
25.06.2014
27.06.2014
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Graue Literatur
32164
2014
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Low temperature properties of rubber seals - Influence of gamma irradiation
11th Fall Rubber Colloquium
35227
11th Fall Rubber Colloquium
Hannover, Deutschland
2014-11-26
2014-11-28
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
33454
2015
deu
lecture
0
--
--
--
Investigation of Elastomer Seal Behaviour for Transport and Storage Packages
Ramtrans 2015, 10th International Conference on Radioactive Materials Transport and Storage
36548
Ramtrans 2015, 10th International Conference on Radioactive Materials Transport and Storage
Oxford, United Kingdom
2015-05-19
2015-05-21
0
Matthias Jaunich
Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")
Präsentation
33253
2015
eng
15080, 1
12
conferenceobject
WM Symposia, Inc.
0
--
--
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Aging of elastomeric seals for storage casks
Elastomeric seals are used in many containers, including casks for radioactive waste. However, like all polymers, elastomers are prone to aging, which leads to a loss of sealing force and the ability for recovery which can ultimately result in leakage. Therefore it is important to be able to define an end-of-lifetime criterion and to judge the lifetime of elastomeric seals. For this reason, we started an aging program on three kinds of rubbers (HNBR, EPDM, FKM), monitoring the change of properties at four different aging temperatures over extended periods up to five years. The measured data is used for lifetime prediction by applying a suitable model.
WM2015 Conference (Proceedings)
36342
978-0-9828171-4-8
WM2015 Conference
Phoenix, Arizona, USA
15.03.2015
19.03.2015
Anja Kömmling
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
eng
uncontrolled
Aging
eng
uncontrolled
Elastomer
eng
uncontrolled
Seal
eng
uncontrolled
Leakage
eng
uncontrolled
Compression
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
32699
2014
eng
1
2
IEEE Catalog No.: CFP14IMM-ART
conferenceobject
1
--
--
--
THz and Mid IR Fourier transform spectroscopy on polyethylene irradiated with Gamma- Co60 radiation
THz and mid IR spectroscopy of high molecular PE (HMW) and ultra high molecular PE (UHMW) reveals modifications of the molecular structure induced by γ-Co60 radiation. UHMW-PE and HMW-PE can be distinguished. The integral absorption in the B1u THz-region can quantitatively describe the amorphization of crystallinity. The formation of trans vinylene unsaturations and the decay of vinyl can be followed by mid IR spectroscopy
IRMMW-THz 2014 - 39th International conference on infrared, millimeter, and terahertz waves
35775
978-1-4799-3877-3
10.1109/IRMMW-THz.2014.6956355
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6956355&isnumber=6955975
IRMMW-THz 2014 - 39th International conference on infrared, millimeter, and terahertz waves
Tucson, Arizona, USA
14.09.2014
19.09.2014
05.03.2015
Jörg Beckmann
U. Schade
Kerstin von der Ehe
Matthias Jaunich
Dietmar Wolff
E. F. Aziz
eng
uncontrolled
Thz and Mid IR Fourier transform spectroscopy
eng
uncontrolled
Polyethylene
eng
uncontrolled
Gamma-Co-60 radiation
eng
uncontrolled
Fourier transform spectroscopy
eng
uncontrolled
Infrared spectroscopy
eng
uncontrolled
Light absorption
eng
uncontrolled
Molecular electronic states
eng
uncontrolled
Polymers
eng
uncontrolled
MidIR Fourier transform spectroscopy
eng
uncontrolled
Terahertz spectroscopy
eng
uncontrolled
THz spectroscopy
eng
uncontrolled
γ-Co60radiation
eng
uncontrolled
HMW
eng
uncontrolled
High molecular PE
eng
uncontrolled
Ultrahigh molecular PE
eng
uncontrolled
Molecular structure modifications
eng
uncontrolled
UHMW-PE
eng
uncontrolled
HMW-PE
eng
uncontrolled
Integral absorption
eng
uncontrolled
B1uTHz-region
eng
uncontrolled
Crystallinity amorphization
eng
uncontrolled
Transvinylene unsaturation formation
eng
uncontrolled
Vinyl decay
eng
uncontrolled
Absorption
eng
uncontrolled
Radiation effects
eng
uncontrolled
Temperature measurement
eng
uncontrolled
Spectroscopy
Verlagsliteratur
Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")