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    <title language="eng">Development of three biofuel CRMs for the quality parameters in biodiesel and wood pellet via a joint research project</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Biomass is a key element in biofuels which can be defined as a fuel produced through contemporary biological processes, and its increased use can support the EU’s aims of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Information on the nature and the quality of the biomass or biofuel is important in order to support the optimization of their combustion with respect to realizing higher efficiencies and lower emissions during energy production. Three reference materials were produced by a collaborative approach among national metrology institutes and designated institutes within the scope of the EMPIR project: BIOFMET. The project was aimed to establish advanced traceable measurement standards for the determination of the calorific value, impurities, and other parameters such as density, kinematic viscosity, moisture, and ash. This paper presents the sampling and processing methodology, homogeneity, stability, characterization campaign, the assignment of property values, and their associated uncertainties in compliance with ISO 17034 for biofuel reference materials: biodiesel, wood pellet powder, and wood pellet. Parameters of interest in biodiesel reference material-UME BIOFMET CRM 01 are gross calorific value (GCV), density, viscosity, and mass fractions of Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, and S elements. Parameters to be certified in wood pellet powder reference material-UME BIOFMET CRM 02 are GCV, moisture, ash, and mass fractions of Al, Cr, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, S, and Zn elements. Parameters to be certified in the wood pellet reference material-UME BIOFMET CRM 03 are GCV and moisture. The homogeneity and stability of the materials were assessed in accordance with ISO 33405. The materials were characterized by interlaboratory comparison studies among competent metrology institute and designated institute laboratories. Assigned values and uncertainties of the certified values were calculated in accordance with ISO 33405, and uncertainties include characterization, homogeneity, and stability components. The developed CRMs are intended to be used for the development and validation of measurement procedures for the determination and quality control/assurance purposes of the quality parameters for biofuels. It should be emphasized that the UME BIOFMET CRM 01-Biodiesel CRM is the first biodiesel reference material certified for calorific value. Among the developed wood CRMs, the pellet form, UME BIOFMET CRM 03, was found to be more stable than the powder one, UME BIOFMET CRM 02, for the moisture parameter. Sixfold lower relative uncertainty value for short-term stability at 45 °C and twofold lower relative uncertainty value for long-term stability at 22 °C were obtained for the moisture parameter of the CRM in pellet form compared to the CRM in powder form.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s00216-024-05694-y</identifier>
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Certification Report-The certification of the cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and the cloud point (CP) in biodiesel from rapeseed: ERM\u00ae-EF002;2016 c) Inagaki S, Numata M, Kitamaki Y et al. Characterization of water content in biodiesel fuel certified reference material (NMIJ CRM 8302-a) Accred Qual Assur 21, 361\u2013366; 2016 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00769-016-1230-z.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00769-016-1230-z."},{"key":"5694_CR5","unstructured":"Certificate of the wood fuel reference material produced by the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) Dept. of forest biomaterials and technology: NJV. 94\u20135. https:\/\/labmix24.com\/extern\/downloadarticleinfo\/1582718. 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    <author>Alper Isleyen</author>
    <author>Kemal Özcan</author>
    <author>Murat Tunc</author>
    <author>Aylin Boztepe</author>
    <author>Fatma Gonca Coşkun</author>
    <author>Kai Moshammer</author>
    <author>Moaaz Shehab</author>
    <author>Camelia Stratulat</author>
    <author>Adriana Bratu</author>
    <author>Katarina Hafner-Vuk</author>
    <author>Jochen Vogl</author>
    <author>Michał Strzelec</author>
    <author>Mariana Villegas Calvo</author>
    <author>Anne Mette Frey</author>
    <author>Helena Strauss</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Biofuel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Biodiesel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wood pellet</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Calorific value</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Moisture</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Element content</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.1 Anorganische Spurenanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemische Charakterisierung und Spurenanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
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