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  <doc>
    <id>58990</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>12</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>15</issue>
    <volume>221</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Chemical and topographical changes upon sub-100-nm laser-induced periodic surface structure formation on titanium alloy: the influence of laser pulse repetition rate and number of over-scans</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Titanium and its alloys are known to allow the straightforward laser-based manufacturing of ordered surface nanostructures, so-called high spatial frequency laser-induced periodic surface structures (HSFL). These structures exhibit sub-100 nm spatial periods – far below the optical diffraction limit. The resulting surface functionalities are usually enabled by both, topographic and chemical alterations of the nanostructured surfaces. For exploring these effects, multi-method characterizations were performed here for HSFL processed on Ti–6Al–4V alloy upon irradiation with near-infrared ps-laser pulses (1030 nm, ≈1 ps pulse duration, 1–400 kHz) under different laser scan processing conditions, i.e., by systematically varying the pulse repetition frequency and the number of laser irradiation passes. The sample characterization involved morphological and topographical investigations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), tactile stylus profilometry, as well as near-surface chemical analyses hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) and depth-profiling time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). This provides a quantification of the laser ablation depth, the geometrical HSFL characteristics and enables new insights into the depth extent and the nature of the non-ablative laser-induced near-surface oxidation accompanying these nanostructures. This allows to answer the questions how the processing of HSFL can be industrially scaled up, and whether the latter is limited by heat-accumulation effects.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Physica Status Solidi A</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1862-6319</identifier>
    <identifier type="url">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/pssa.202300719</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/pssa.202300719</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-589902</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">2023 E-MRS Spring Meeting, Symposium L "Making light matter: lasers in material sciences and photonics"</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Strasbourg, France</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">29.05.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">02.06.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PaperofMonth">1</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">19.08.2024</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Kai Müller</author>
    <author>Francesca Mirabella</author>
    <author>Xenia Knigge</author>
    <author>Marek Mezera</author>
    <author>Matthias Weise</author>
    <author>Mario Sahre</author>
    <author>Karsten Wasmuth</author>
    <author>Heike Voss</author>
    <author>Andreas Hertwig</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrashort laser pulses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS)</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/58990/2023-Mueller_PSSA220_2300719.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>60196</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>11</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Picosecond laser processing of hierarchical micro–nanostructures on titanium alloy upon pre- and postanodization: morphological, structural, and chemical effects</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Recent publications indicate that the order of electrochemical anodization (before or after the laser processing step) plays an important role for the response of bone-forming osteoblasts—an effect that can be utilized for improving permanent dental or removable bone implants. For exploring these different surface functionalities, multimethod morphological, structural, and chemical characterizations are performed in combination with electrochemical pre- and postanodization for two different characteristic microspikes covered by nanometric laser-induced periodic surface structures on Ti–6Al–4V upon irradiation with near-infrared ps-laser pulses (1030 nm wavelength, ≈1 ps pulse duration, 67 and 80 kHz pulse repetition frequency) at two distinct sets of laser fluence and beam scanning parameters. This work involves morphological and topographical investigations by scanning electron microscopy and white light interference microscopy, structural material examinations via X-ray diffraction, and micro-Raman spectroscopy, as well as near-surface chemical analyses by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results allow to qualify the mean laser ablation depth, assess the spike geometry and surface roughness parameters, and provide new detailed insights into the near-surface oxidation that may affect the different cell growth behavior for pre- or postanodized medical implants.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Physica Status Solidi A</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1862-6319</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/pssa.202300920</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-601962</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">2023 E-MRS Spring Meeting, Symposium L "Making light matter: lasers in material sciences and photonics"</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Strasbourg, France</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">29.05.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">02.06.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">19.06.2024</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Heike Voss</author>
    <author>Xenia Knigge</author>
    <author>D. Knapic</author>
    <author>Matthias Weise</author>
    <author>Mario Sahre</author>
    <author>Andreas Hertwig</author>
    <author>A. Sacco</author>
    <author>A. M. Rossi</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Kai Müller</author>
    <author>Karsten Wasmuth</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <author>A. W. Hassel</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hierarchical micro-nanostructures</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrashort laser pulses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ti-6Al-4V alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/60196/Physica Status Solidi a - 2024 - Voss.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50566</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>266</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <volume>126</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Nature Switzerland AG</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Chemical effects during the formation of various types of femtosecond laser-generated surface structures on titanium alloy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this contribution, chemical, structural, and mechanical alterations in various types of femtosecond laser-generated surface structures, i.e., laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS, ripples), Grooves, and Spikes on titanium alloy, are characterized by various surface analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction and glow-discharge optical emission spectroscopy. The formation of oxide layers of the different laser-based structures inherently influences the friction and wear performance as demonstrated in oil-lubricated reciprocating sliding tribological tests (RSTTs) along with subsequent elemental mapping by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. It is revealed that the fs-laser scan processing (790 nm, 30 fs, 1 kHz) of near-wavelength-sized LIPSS leads to the formation of a graded oxide layer extending a few hundreds of nanometers into depth, consisting mainly of amorphous oxides. Other superficial fs-laser-generated structures such as periodic Grooves and irregular Spikes produced at higher fluences and effective number of pulses per unit area present even thicker graded oxide layers that are also suitable for friction reduction and wear resistance. Ultimately, these femtosecond laser-induced nanostructured surface layers efficiently prevent a direct metal-to-metal contact in the RSTT and may act as an anchor layer for specific wear-reducing additives contained in the used engine oil.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Applied Physics A</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s00339-020-3434-7</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0947-8396</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1432-0630</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-505660</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">02.04.2020</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Camilo Florian</author>
    <author>R. Wonneberger</author>
    <author>A. Undisz</author>
    <author>Sabrina V. Kirner</author>
    <author>Karsten Wasmuth</author>
    <author>Dirk Spaltmann</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced oxide layer</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced periodic surface strctures (LIPSS)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Femtosecond laser processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tribology</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface processing</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.5 Tribologie und Verschleißschutz</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/50566/2020-Florian_APA126_266.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50567</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>022004</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <volume>32</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">X-ray radiation protection aspects during ultrashort laser processing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Ultrashort pulse laser processing of materials allows for precise machining with high accuracy. By increasing the repetition rate to several 100 kHz, laser machining becomes quick and cost-effective. Ultrafast laser processing at high repetition rates and peak intensities above 10^13 W/cm^2 can cause a potential hazard by generation of unwanted x-ray radiation. Therefore, radiation protection must be considered. For 925 fs pulse duration at a center wavelength of 1030 nm, the x-ray emission in air at a repetition rate of 400 kHz was investigated up to a&#13;
peak intensity of 2.6 × 10^14 W/cm^2. Based on the presented measurements, the properties of potential shielding materials will be discussed. By extending our previous works, a scaling of the x-ray radiation emission to higher peak intensities up to 10^15 W/cm^2 is described, and emitted x-ray doses are predicted.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Laser Applications</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.2351/1.5134778</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-505677</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">23.03.2020</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Herbert Legall</author>
    <author>Christoph Schwanke</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser ablation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrashort pulse laser processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced x-ray emission</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Radiation protection</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/50567/2020-Legall-JLA32_022004.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50318</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Gefährdung durch Röntgenstrahlung bei der UKP-Lasermaterialbearbeitung</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der Vortrag beschreibt die Gefährdung durch die Erzeugung unerwünschter Röntgenstrahlung bei der Lasermaterialbearbeitung mit ultrakurzen Laserimpulsen. Die Einfluss der Laserparameter, der Prozessführung und die Materialabhängigkeit werden dargestellt.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Bayerische Laserschutztage 2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Nuremberg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">21.01.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">22.01.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrakurze Laserimpulse</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Materialbearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Röntgenstrahlung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Strahlenschutz</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50780</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>022063</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <volume>32</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Laser Institute of America</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Surface functionalization by laser-induced periodic surface structures</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In recent years, the improved understanding of the formation of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) has led to an emerging variety of applications that modify the optical, mechanical, and chemical properties of many materials. Such structures strongly depend on the laser beam polarization and are formed usually after irradiation with ultrashort linearly polarized laser pulses. The most accepted explanation for the origin of the structures is based on the interference of the incident laser radiation with electromagnetic surface waves that propagate or scatter at the surface of the irradiated materials. This leads to an intensity modulation that is finally responsible for the selective ablation in the form of parallel structures with periods ranging from hundreds of nanometers up to some micrometers. The versatility when forming such structures is based on the high reproducibility with different wavelengths, pulse durations and repetition rate laser sources, customized micro- and nanometric spatial resolutions, and compatibility with industrially relevant processing speeds when combined with fast scanning devices. In this contribution, we review the latest applications in the rapidly emerging field of surface functionalization through LIPSS, including biomimetic functionalities on fluid transport, control of the wetting properties, specific optical responses in technical materials, improvement of tribological performance on metallic surfaces, and bacterial and cell growth for medical devices, among many others.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Laser Applications</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.2351/7.0000103</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1938-1387</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">11.06.2020</enrichment>
    <author>Camilo Florian</author>
    <author>Sabrina V. Kirner</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface functionalization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Applications</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50317</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Aktuelle Ultrakurzpulslaser-Anwendungen an der BAM</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der Vortrag fasst aktuelle Anwendungsgebiete ultrakurzer Laserimpulse in der Materialbearbeitung  zusammen. Dabei wird auch die Gefährdung durch unerwünschte Emission von Röntgenstrahlung bei der Überschreitung bestimmter Laserparameter thematisiert.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Anwendertreffen des Laserverbundes Berlin-Brandenburg e.V.</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Brandenburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">16.01.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrakurze Laserimpulse</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Materialbearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oberflächenstrukturierung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50254</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>145140-1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>145140-7</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>508</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Effects of laser-induced periodic surface structures on the superconducting properties of Niobium</title>
    <abstract language="eng">It is well known that the use of ultrashort (fs) pulsed lasers can induce the generation of (quasi-) periodic nanostructures (LIPSS, ripples) on the surface of many materials. Such nanostructures have also been observed in sample’s surfaces irradiated with UV lasers with a pulse duration of 300 ps. In this work, we compare the characteristics of these nanostructures on 1-mm and on 25-μm thick niobium sheets induced by 30 fs n-IR and 300 ps UV pulsed lasers. In addition to conventional continuous or burst mode processing configurations, two-dimensional laser beam and line scanning modes have been investigated in this work. The latter allows the processing of large areas with a more uniform distribution of nanostructures at the surface. The influence of the generated nanostructures on the superconducting properties of niobium has also been explored. For this aim, magnetic hysteresis loops have been measured at different cryogenic temperatures to analyse how these laser treatments affect the flux pinning behaviour and, in consequence, the superconductor’s critical current values. It was observed that laser treatments are able to modify the superconducting properties of niobium samples.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Applied surface science</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.145140</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0169-4332</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1873-5584</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-502541</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">E-MRS Spring Meeting 2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Nice, France</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">27.05.2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">31.05.2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">09.04.2020</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>A. Cubero</author>
    <author>E. Martínez</author>
    <author>L.A. Angurel</author>
    <author>G.F. de la Fuente</author>
    <author>R. Navarro</author>
    <author>Herbert Legall</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Superconductivity</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Niobium</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/50254/2020-Cubero_APSUSC508_145140.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51026</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1900838-1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1900838-9</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>13</issue>
    <volume>217</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>WILEY-VCH Verlag</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim, Germany</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Impact of Femtosecond Laser Treatment Accompanied with Anodization of Titanium Alloy on Fibroblast Cell Growth</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Herein, Ti6Al4V alloy is surface modified by femtosecond laser ablation. The microstructure image obtained by secondary electron microscopy reveals a combination of micrometer spikes or cones superimposed by nanoripples (laser‐induced periodic surface structures). To make the surface hydrophilic, anodization is performed resulting in further smoothness of microstructure and a final thickness of 35 ± 4 nm is estimated for oxide produced after anodization at 10 V (scan rate = 0.1 V s−1) versus standard hydrogen electrode. The obtained electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) is approximately 8 times larger compared with flat mirror polished Ti6Al4V surface. Combined chemical analysis by Pourbaix diagram and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses reveal that titanium and aluminum are passivating into TiO2 and Al2O3, but the dissolution of aluminum in the form of solvated ion is inevitable. Finally, cell seeding experiments on anodized and laser‐treated titanium alloy samples show that the growth of murine fibroblast cells is significantly suppressed due to unique surface texture of the laser‐treated and anodized titanium alloy sample.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Physica Status Solidi A</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201900838</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1862-6300</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1862-6319</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-510263</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">22.07.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>S. A. Lone</author>
    <author>M. Muck</author>
    <author>P. Fosodeder</author>
    <author>C.C. Mardare</author>
    <author>Camilo Florian</author>
    <author>A. Weth</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <author>C. Steinwender</author>
    <author>W. Baumgartner</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>J. Heitz</author>
    <author>A.W. Hassel</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Anodization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Femtosecond laser ablation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced periodic surface structures, LIPSS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ti6Al4V alloys</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/51026/2020-Lone_PSSA217_1900838.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>53863</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>17</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>14</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">X-ray emission hazards from ultrashort pulsed laser material processing in an industrial setting</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Interactions between ultrashort laser pulses with intensities larger than 10^13 W/cm^2 and solids during material processing can lead to the emission of X-rays with photon energies above 5 keV, causing radiation hazards to operators. A framework for inspecting X-ray emission hazards during laser material processing has yet to be developed. One requirement for conducting radiation protection inspections is using a reference scenario, i.e., laser settings and process parameters that will lead to an almost constant and high level of X-ray emissions. To study the feasibility of setting up a reference scenario in practice, ambient dose rates and photon energies were measured using traceable measurement equipment in an industrial setting at SCHOTT AG. Ultrashort pulsed (USP) lasers with a maximum average power of 220 W provided the opportunity to measure X-ray emissions at laser peak intensities of up to 3.3 × 10^15 W/cm^2 at pulse durations of ~1 ps. The results indicate that increasing the laser peak intensity is insufficient to generate high dose rates. The investigations were affected  by various constraints which prevented measuring high ambient dose rates. In this work, a list of issues which may be encountered when performing measurements at USP-laser machines in industrial settings is identified.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-538632</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/ma14237163</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1996-1944</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">20.12.2021</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>U. Stolzenberg</author>
    <author>M. Schmitt Rahner</author>
    <author>B. Pullner</author>
    <author>Herbert Legall</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>M. Kluge</author>
    <author>A. Ortner</author>
    <author>B. Hoppe</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray emission hazards</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrashort pulsed laser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Radiation protection</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Industrial applications</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Protection housing</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/53863/2021-Stolzenberg-Materials14_7163.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>53866</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>5</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Emission of X-rays during ultrashort pulse laser processing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Ultrashort pulse laser materials processing can be accompanied by the production of X-rays. Small doses per laser pulse can accumulate to significant dose rates at high laser pulse repetition rates which may exceed the permitted X-ray limits for human exposure. Consequently, a proper radiation shielding must be considered in laser machining. A brief overview of the current state of the art in the field of undesired generation of X-ray radiation during ultrashort pulse laser material processing in air is presented.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings Lasers in Manufacturing Conference 2021</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Lasers in Manufacturing Conference 2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">21.06.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">24.06.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Herbert Legall</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultra-short pulse laser processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced X-ray emission</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Radiation protection</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52864</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Gefährdung durch Röntgenstrahlung bei der UKP-Lasermaterialbearbeitung – eine Einführung</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der Vortrag gibt eine Einführung zur Gefährdung durch Röntgenstrahlung bei der Materialbearbeitung mit ultrakurzen Laserpulsen.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">LEF - Laser in der Elektronikproduktion &amp; Feinwerktechnik, LEF-Brick 4: Gefährdung durch Röntgenstrahlung bei UKP-Prozessen</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">17.06.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">17.06.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrakurze Laserpulse</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Lasermaterialbearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Röntgenstrahlung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Strahlenschutz</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52865</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Emission of X-rays during ultrashort pulse laser processing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Ultrashort laser pulses have found their way into industrial material processing. They take advantage of the fact that moderate laser fluences can produce high quality material removal without significant thermal influence. The growing availability of powerful, highly repeating laser sources and an advanced laser beam control have favored these developments. However, the laser-matter interaction can be accompanied by the production of X-rays. Small doses per laser pulse can accumulate to significant dose rates at high laser pulse repetition rates which may exceed the permitted X-ray limits for human exposure. Consequently, a proper radiation shielding must be considered in laser material processing. The paper summarizes the current state of the art in the field of undesired generation of X-ray radiation during ultrashort pulse laser material processing in air.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">LiM - Lasers in Manufacturing 2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">21.06.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">24.06.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrashort laser pulses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Material processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray emission</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Radiation protection</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52368</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1651-1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1651-21</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>7</issue>
    <volume>14</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI AG</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel, Switzerland</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Single Femtosecond Laser-Pulse-Induced Superficial Amorphization and Re-Crystallization of Silicon</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Superficial amorphization and re-crystallization of silicon in &lt;111&gt; and &lt;100&gt; orientation after irradiation by femtosecond laser pulses (790 nm, 30 fs) are studied using optical imaging and transmission electron microscopy. Spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry (SIE) allows fast data acquisition at multiple wavelengths and provides experimental data for calculating nanometric amorphous layer thickness profiles with micrometric lateral resolution based on a thin-film layer model. For a radially Gaussian laser beam and at moderate peak fluences above the melting and below the ablation thresholds, laterally parabolic amorphous layer profiles with maximum thicknesses of several tens of nanometers were quantitatively attained. The accuracy of the calculations is verified experimentally by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDX). Along with topographic information obtained by atomic force microscopy (AFM), a comprehensive picture of the superficial re-solidification of silicon after local melting by femtosecond laser pulses is drawn.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1996-1944</identifier>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/7/1651</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/ma14071651</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-523687</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">12.04.2021</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Camilo Florian</author>
    <author>Daniel Fischer</author>
    <author>K. Freiberg</author>
    <author>M. Duwe</author>
    <author>Mario Sahre</author>
    <author>S. Schneider</author>
    <author>Andreas Hertwig</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <author>M. Rettenmayr</author>
    <author>Uwe Beck</author>
    <author>A. Undisz</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Femtosecond laser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Silicon</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Amorphization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Crystallization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.7 Materialsynthese und Design</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/52368/2021-Florian_Materials14_01651.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52237</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>R28</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>R42</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>41</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Review of x-ray exposure and safety issues arising from ultra-short pulse laser material processing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Laser processing with ultra-short laser pulses enables machining of materials&#13;
with high accuracy and throughput. The development of novel laser Technologies with laser pulse repetition rates up to the MHz range opened the way for industrial manufacturing processes. From a radiological point of view this evolution is important, because x-ray radiation can be generated as an unwanted side effect in laser material processing. Even if the emitted x-ray dose per pulse is comparably low, the x-ray dose can become hazardous to health at high laser repetition rates. Therefore, radiation protection must be considered. This article provides an overview on the generation and detection of x-rays in laser material processing, as well as on the handling of this radiation risk in the framework of radiological protection.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Radiological Protection</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1088/1361-6498/abcb16</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-522376</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">07.04.2021</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Herbert Legall</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultra-short pulse laser processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced x-ray emission</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Radiation protection</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/52237/2021-Legall-JRadiolProt41_R28.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>53241</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Undesired X-ray emission during ultrashort pulse laser material processing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The use of ultrashort laser pulses for material processing in air has many advantages. Due to the progressive development in the laser sector, average powers in the kW range with pulse repetition rates exceeding the MHz-level are available. The machining with high-intensity laser pulses can be accompanied by the generation of a near-surface electron plasma due to absorption and ionization of the material, a subsequent plasma heating by the laser pulse, and finally an interaction of “hot” plasma electrons with the workpiece leading to continuous and characteristic X-ray radiation. The amount of this unwanted X-ray radiation is determined by the laser parameters (pulse duration, intensity, wavelength, polarization), the workpiece (atomic number, surface preparation), and the laser process management (scanning or stationary regime, laser turning). The use of laser intensities above 10^13 W/cm^2 in combination with laser pulse repetition rates in the few 100 kHz-range can lead to X-ray dose rates exceeding the permitted X-ray limits for members of the public. Especially the materials tungsten and steel show significant X-ray emission. Recently, the current state of the art in the field of undesired generation of X-ray radiation during ultrashort pulse laser processing in air was reviewed. In this presentation, important aspects of the measured X-ray doses, X-ray spectra, and practical issues of radiation protection are discussed.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">28th International Conference on Advanced Laser Technologies (ALT'21)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">06.09.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">10.09.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrashort laser pulses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Material processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray emission</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Radiation protection</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54259</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Unerwünschte Röntgenemission bei der UKP-Lasermaterialbearbeitung</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der Vortrag fasst aktuelle Aspekte zum unerwünschten Auftreten von Röntgenstrahlung bei der Ultrakurzpuls-Lasermaterialbearbeitung zusammen. Es werden Einflussparameter, Grenzwerte,  Schutzmaßnahmen, Fragen der Abschirmung und rechtliche Gesichtspunkte diskutiert.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Bayerische Laserschutztage 2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">18.01.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">19.01.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrakurze Laserpulse</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Materialbearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Röntgenstrahlung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Strahlenschutz</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54805</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">X-ray hazards and radiation protection aspects in ultrashort laser processing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Ultrashort pulse laser micromachining at repetition rates of several hundreds of kHz allows a cost-effective high precision manufacturing, which makes this method attractive for many industrial applications. Upon exceeding a critical laser intensity, hard X-ray radiation is generated as a side effect. Even if the emitted X-ray dose per laser pulse is low, for currently available high-repetition-rate laser systems the accumulated X-ray dose becomes significant and radiation safety must be considered. Influences of the processing parameters are discussed and radiation protection aspects will be outlined</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">AKL’22 – International Laser Technology Congress</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Aachen, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">04.05.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">06.05.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrashort pulse laser processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray emission</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Radiation protection</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57816</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Unwanted X-ray emission in ultrashort pulse laser processing: From metallic to biological materials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Ultrashort laser pulses have become established in many industrial processes. Additionally, they are also an integral part of medical applications especially in ophthalmology and to some extent in dentistry. The availability of highly repetitive powerful laser sources and advanced laser beam control systems have favored these developments. However, the laser processing may be accompanied by the generation of unwanted X-rays. Small doses per laser pulse can accumulate to significant dose levels at high laser pulse repetition rates. Moreover, burst mode processing increases the X-ray dose rates compared to single pulse use and results in X-ray photon energies up to 40 keV for tungsten targets. For laser treatment of human teeth, clearly noticeable X-ray skin dose rates can be found. The paper summarizes the current state of the art in the field of undesired generation of X-ray radiation during ultrashort pulse laser processing in air.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Lasers in Manufacturing 2023 (LiM 2023)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Munich, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">26.06.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">29.06.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrashort laser pulses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced X-ray emission</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Secondary hazard</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
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    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57362</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Strahlenexpositionen bei der Anwendung von Ultrakurzpulslasern in der Medizin</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die Erzeugung unerwünschter Röntgenstrahlung bei der Ultrakurzpulslaser-Bearbeitung von Cornea und Zahnmaterial wurde untersucht. Laser-induzierte Dosisleistungen über dem natürlichen Hintergrund wurden gemessen. Mögliche Strahlenexpositionen in realen Anwendungen am Menschen wurden im Online-Vortrag diskutiert. Im Rahmen des vom BfS geförderten Projektes haben die Hochschule Mittweida und die BAM gemeinsam Untersuchungen durchgeführt.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Kolloquium des Bundesamtes für Strahlenschutz (BfS)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">18.04.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrakurzpulslaser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induzierte Röntgenstrahlung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Medizinische Anwendung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Auge</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Zahn</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59667</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Gefährdung durch Röntgenemission bei der UKP-Laser-Materialbearbeitung</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der Vortrag gibt einen Überblick zu ultrakurzen Laserpulsen, der Ultrakurzpulslaser-Materialbearbeitung und der dabei ggf. auftretenden unerwünschten Röntgenstrahlung. Es wird die Laserbearbeitung von technischen und biologischen Materialien diskutiert. Schutzmöglichkeiten gegenüber der Röntgenstrahlung werden erörtert.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Sonthofer Strahlenschutztage 2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Sonthofen, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">11.03.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">15.03.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrakurzpulslaser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induzierte Röntgenstrahlung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Materialbearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Technische Materialien</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Biologische Anwendungen</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59399</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Röntgenstrahlungsexposition bei der Anwendung von Ultrakurzpulslasern in der Medizin</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die Laserbearbeitung von Materialien mit ultrakurzen Laserpulsen kann zu einer sekundären Emission gefährlicher Röntgenstrahlen führen. Dieser Effekt wurde bisher bei der Bearbeitung von technischen Materialien wie Metallen beobachtet. Die Röntgenemission bei der abtragenden Bearbeitung von biologischen Geweben ist noch weitgehend unerforscht. Der Vortrag präsentiert erste Untersuchungen und Ergebnisse des radiologischen Gefährdungspotentials bei der medizinischen Anwendung von Ultrakurzpulslasern am Menschen.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Bayerische Laserschutztage 2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Nuremberg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">17.01.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">18.01.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrakurzpulslaser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induzierte Röntgenstrahlung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Medizinische Anwendung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Auge</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Zahn</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Gefährliche Stoffe</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56841</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>4</pageLast>
    <pageNumber>1</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <volume>16</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Editorial: Special Issue “Advanced Pulse Laser Machining Technology"</title>
    <abstract language="eng">“Advanced Pulse Laser Machining Technology” is a rapidly growing field that can be tailored to special industrial and scientific applications. This is significantly driven by the availability of high-repetition-rate laser sources and novel beam delivery concepts.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/ma16020819</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1996-1944</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-568410</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="RelatedIdentifier">https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/56842</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">30.01.2023</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Editorial</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pulse Laser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser Machining</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrashort laser pulses</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/56841/2023-Krueger-Bonse-Materials16_819.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56996</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>129</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">X‑ray emission during the ablative processing of biological materials by ultrashort laser pulses</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The ablative laser processing with ultrashort pulsed laser beams may cause secondary emission of hazardous X-rays. While the effect has recently been proven to be considered in working safety regulations when processing technical materials, such as metals, the X-ray emission rates during the ablative processing of biological tissue materials are widely unexplored yet.&#13;
Therefore, biological materials like water, isotonic saline solution, pig eyes, and human teeth were ablated with ultrashort laser pulses of 1030 nm wavelength, 600 fs pulse duration and 5 kHz pulse repetition rate, aiming to mimic typical surgery situations. Simultaneously, in-situ X-ray dose rate measurements were performed at a short distance from the plasma to display potential X-ray emission. For all four studied biological materials, our measurements prove the secondary emission of laser-induced X-rays.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Applied Physics A</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s00339-023-06440-4</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-569960</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0947-8396</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">27.03.2023</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Sebastian Kraft</author>
    <author>J. Schille</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>U. Löschner</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrashort pulsed laser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced X-ray emission</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ophthalmology</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dentistry</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Secondary hazard</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/56996/2023-Kraft-APA129_186.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56617</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>17</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>24</issue>
    <volume>15</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Worst-case X-ray photon energies in ultrashort pulse laser processing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Ultrashort pulse laser processing can result in the secondary generation of unwanted X-rays if a critical laser irradiance of about 10^13 W/cm^2 is exceeded. Spectral X-ray emissions were investigated during the processing of tungsten and steel using three complementary spectrometers (based on CdTe and silicon drift detectors) simultaneously for the identification of a worst-case spectral scenario. Therefore, maximum X-ray photon energies were determined, and corresponding dose equivalent rates were calculated. An ultrashort pulse laser workstation with a pulse duration of 274 fs, a center wavelength of 1030 nm, pulse repetition rates between 50 kHz and 200 kHz, and a Gaussian laser beam focused to a spot diameter of 33 µm was employed in a single pulse and burst laser operation mode. Different combinations of laser pulse energy and repetition rate were utilized, keeping the average laser power constant close to the maximum power of 20 W. Peak irradiances ranging from 7.3 × 10^13 W/cm^2 up to 3.0 × 10^14 W/cm^2 were used. The X-ray dose equivalent rate increases for lower repetition rates and higher pulse energy if a constant average power is used. Laser processing with burst mode significantly increases the dose rates and the X-ray photon energies. A maximum X-ray photon energy of about 40 keV was observed for burst mode processing of tungsten with a repetition rate of 50 kHz and a peak irradiance of 3 × 10^14 W/cm^2.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/ma15248996</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-566176</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">02.01.2023</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Katrin Böttcher</author>
    <author>M. Schmitt Rahner</author>
    <author>U. Stolzenberg</author>
    <author>Sebastian Kraft</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>C. Feist</author>
    <author>D. Albrecht</author>
    <author>B. Pullner</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrashort pulsed laser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray emission</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray spectrum</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray energies</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Radiation protection</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/56617/2022-Boettcher-Materials15_8996.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57408</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einführung Ultrakurzpulslaser</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der Vortrag gibt eine Einführung zu ultrakurzen Laserpulsen, der Ultrakurzpulslaser-Materialbearbeitung und dem Schutz gegenüber unerwünschter Röntgenstrahlung bei der Ultrakurzpulslaser-Materialbearbeitung.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Vorkommnisse in der Medizin und Ultrakurzpulslaser, Veranstaltungsreihe: Erfahrungsaustausch zu Themen des Vollzugs im Strahlenschutz</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Cologne, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">26.04.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">27.04.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrakurze Laserpulse</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Materialbearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Röntgenstrahlung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Strahlenschutz</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Abschirmung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55893</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Strahlenschutz beim Umgang mit Ultrakurzpuls-Lasern</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Ultrakurzpuls-Lasertechnik ist heute der Schlüssel für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungen in der industriellen Lasermaterialbearbeitung. Beim Einsatz hoher Laser-Intensitäten kann allerdings unerwünschte Röntgenstrahlung erzeugt werden. Die Röntgendosis und Energieverteilung ist von Laser-, Material- und Prozessparametern abhängig. Es können Röntgendosen über den erlaubten Grenzwerten für die Exposition des Menschen erreicht werden.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Kolloquium des Bundesamtes für Strahlenschutz (BfS)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">29.09.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrakurze Laserpulse</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Materialbearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Röntgenstrahlung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Strahlenschutz</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Abschirmung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51846</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>16</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>Special issue "Laser-generated periodic nanostructures"</issue>
    <volume>10(12)</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Surface superconductivity changes of niobium sheets by femtosecond laser-induced periodic nanostructures</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Irradiation with ultra-short (femtosecond) laser beams enables the generation of sub-wavelength laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) over large areas with controlled spatial periodicity, orientation, and depths affecting only a material layer on the sub-micrometer scale. This study reports on how fs-laser irradiation of commercially available Nb foil samples affects their superconducting behavior. DC magnetization and AC susceptibility measurements at cryogenic temperatures and with magnetic fields of different amplitude and orientation are thus analyzed and reported. This study pays special attention to the surface superconducting layer that persists above the upper critical magnetic field strength Hc2, and disappears at a higher nucleation field strength Hc3. Characteristic changes were distinguished between the surface properties of the laser-irradiated samples, as compared to the corresponding reference samples (non-irradiated). Clear correlations have been observed between the surface nanostructures and the nucleation field Hc3, which depends on the relative orientation of the magnetic field and the surface patterns developed by the laser irradiation.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Nanomaterials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/nano10122525</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2079-4991</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-518462</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">06.01.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="RelatedIdentifier">https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/53099</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="RelatedIdentifier">https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-535146</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>A. Cubero</author>
    <author>E. Martínez</author>
    <author>L.A. Angurel</author>
    <author>G.F. de la Fuente</author>
    <author>R. Navarro</author>
    <author>Herbert Legall</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Niobium</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface superconductivity</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanostructures</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/51846/2020-Cubero_Nanomaterials10_02525.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56573</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>38</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>129</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Structuring of thin films by ultrashort laser pulses</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Modern life and global communication would not be possible without technologically tailored thin films; they are omnipresent in daily life applications. In most cases, the films are deposited entirely at the carrying substrates in a specific processing step of the device or sample. In some cases, however, removal or modification must be performed locally, i.e., site-controlled and material selective through an additional laser processing step. For that ultrashort laser pulses with durations in the femtosecond and picosecond range can provide unique advantages and capabilities in industrially scalable schemes. This article reviews the current state of the research and corresponding industrial transfer related to the structuring of thin films by ultrashort pulsed lasers. It focuses on the pertinent historic developments, reveals the relevant physical and chemical effects, explores the ultimate limits, and discusses selected industrial and scientific applications.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Applied physics A</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0947-8396</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1432-0630</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s00339-022-06229-x</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-565732</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">17.01.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PaperofMonth">1</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thin films</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrashort lasers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser damage</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Femtosecond laser ablation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/56573/2023-Bonse_APA129_14.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59460</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>15</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>12</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Effects of laser cleaning on the condition of different silk model samples using varying wavelengths and pulse durations</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The cleaning of aged silk fibers poses a common challenge in the conservation of textiles, since traditional cleaning techniques often yield unsatisfactory results or even harm objects. In this regard, cleaning objects with laser radiation is a promising addition to the range of available methods. Due to it being contactless, even brittle and touch-sensitive objects with disfiguring or harmful soiling could potentially be cleaned and therefore made accessible for research and presentation. Examples of treatment have sometimes shown spectacular results. Still there is some skepticism concerning the safety of this treatment for textile materials, which has been strengthened through previous 532 nm wavelength nanosecond laser cleaning studies on silk fibers. Taking these published results into account, the range of examined laser parameters has been extended in this study, from 532 nm nanosecond laser to 1064 nm nanosecond and even 800 nm femtosecond laser, reevaluating the effect of this treatment on the fibers. The physicochemical processes taking place on the silk fibers when cleaning with lasers are complex and still not fully understood. The aim of this project was therefore to bring more clarification about potential effects of those processes on the condition of silk samples treated with a set of different parameters for wavelength, pulse duration, energy density and number of pulses per spot. It also looks at the influence of the presence of soiling on the results. The analysis of potential effects was then carried out using statistical methods and advanced analytics. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and colorimetry technology provided the required insights to better assess the effects. Results show that laser cleaning of silk fibers, like most other conventional cleaning techniques, is not completely without risk, but knowing what the possible effects are helps making decisions on whether the benefits of the technique used justify these risks.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Heritage Science</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1186/s40494-024-01152-1</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2050-7445</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-594601</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">12.02.2024</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>N. Brockmann</author>
    <author>A. Sicken</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser cleaning</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cultural heritage</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Conservation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Silk</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/59460/2024-Brockmann-HeritageScience12_34.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>53728</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>879</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>936</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition>1</edition>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>bookpart</type>
    <publisherName>Springer-Nature Switzerland AG</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Cham</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS)</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) are a universal phenomenon and can be generated on almost any material by irradiation with linearly polarized radiation. This chapter reviews the current state in the field of LIPSS, which are formed in a “self-ordered” way and are often accompanying materials processing applications. LIPSS can be produced in a single-stage process and enable surface nanostructuring and, in turn, adaption of optical, mechanical, and chemical surface properties. Typically, they feature a structural size ranging from several micrometers down to less than 100 nm and show a clear correlation with the polarization direction of the light used for their generation. Various types of LIPSS are classified, relevant control parameters are identified, and their material-specific formation mechanisms are analyzed for different types of inorganic solids, i.e., metals, semiconductors, and dielectrics. Finally, technological applications featuring surface functionalization in the fields of optics, fluidics, medicine, and tribology are discussed.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Handbook of Laser Micro- and Nano-Engineering</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-030-63646-3 (Print)</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-030-63647-0 (Online)</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/978-3-030-63647-0_17</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>Sabrina V. Kirner</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Femtosecond laser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser ablation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Microstructures</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanostrcutures</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51332</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>59</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition>1</edition>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>bookpart</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Nature</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Cham, Switzerland</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) are a universal phenomenon and can be generated on almost any material by irradiation with linearly polarized radiation. This chapter reviews the current state in the field of LIPSS, which are formed in a “self-ordered” way and are often accompanying materials processing applications. LIPSS can be produced in a single-stage process and enable surface nanostructuring and, in turn, adaption of optical, mechanical, and chemical surface properties. Typically, they feature a structural size ranging from several micrometers down to less than 100 nm and show a clear correlation with the polarization direction of the light used for their generation. Various types of LIPSS are classified, relevant control parameters are identified, and their material-specific formation mechanisms are analyzed for different types of inorganic solids, i.e., metals, semiconductors, and dielectrics. Finally, technological applications featuring surface functionalization in the fields of optics, fluidics, medicine, and tribology are discussed.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Handbook of laser micro- and nano-engineering</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-319-69537-2</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/978-3-319-69537-2_17-1</identifier>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>Sabrina V. Kirner</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser ablation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Femtosecond laser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanostructures</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Microstructures</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51493</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>59</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition>2</edition>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>bookpart</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Nature</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Cham, Switzerland</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) are a universal phenomenon and can be generated on almost any material by irradiation with linearly polarized radiation. This chapter reviews the current state in the field of LIPSS, which are formed in a “self-ordered” way and are often accompanying materials processing applications. LIPSS can be produced in a single-stage process and enable surface nanostructuring and, in turn, adaption of optical, mechanical, and chemical surface properties. Typically, they feature a structural size ranging from several micrometers down to less than 100 nm and show a clear correlation with the polarization direction of the light used for their generation. Various types of LIPSS are classified, relevant control parameters are identified, and their material-specific formation mechanisms are analyzed for different types of inorganic solids, i.e., metals, semiconductors, and dielectrics. Finally, technological applications featuring surface functionalization in the fields of optics, fluidics, medicine, and tribology are discussed.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Handbook of laser micro- and nano-engineering</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-319-69537-2</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/978-3-319-69537-2_17-2</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>Sabrina V. Kirner</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Femtosecond laser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser ablation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Microstructures</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanostructures</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>50927</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>100562-1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>100562-47</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>141</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier B.V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Laser engineering of biomimetic surfaces</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The exciting properties of micro- and nano-patterned surfaces found in natural species hide a virtually endless potential of technological ideas, opening new opportunities for innovation and exploitation in materials science and engineering. Due to the diversity of biomimetic surface functionalities, inspirations from natural surfaces are interesting for a broad range of applications in engineering, including phenomena of adhesion, friction, wear, lubrication, wetting phenomena, self-cleaning, antifouling, antibacterial phenomena, thermoregulation and optics. Lasers are increasingly proving to be promising tools for the precise and controlled structuring of materials at micro- and nano-scales. When ultrashort-pulsed lasers are used, the optimal interplay between laser and material parameters enables structuring down to the nanometer scale. Besides this, a unique aspect of laser processing technology is the possibility for material modifications at multiple (hierarchical) length scales, leading to the complex biomimetic micro- and nano-scale patterns, while adding a new dimension to structure optimization. This article reviews the current state of the art of laser processing methodologies, which are being used for the fabrication of bioinspired artificial surfaces to realize extraordinary wetting, optical, mechanical, and biological-active properties for numerous applications. The innovative aspect of laser functionalized biomimetic surfaces for a wide variety of current and future applications is particularly demonstrated and discussed. The article concludes with illustrating the wealth of arising possibilities and the number of new laser micro/nano fabrication approaches for obtaining complex high-resolution features, which prescribe a future where control of structures and subsequent functionalities are beyond our current imagination.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.mser.2020.100562</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0927-796X</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">30.07.2020</enrichment>
    <author>E. Stratakis</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>J. Heitz</author>
    <author>J. Siegel</author>
    <author>G.D. Tsibidis</author>
    <author>E. Skoulas</author>
    <author>A. Papadopoulos</author>
    <author>A. Mimidis</author>
    <author>A.-C. Joel</author>
    <author>P. Comanns</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <author>C. Florian</author>
    <author>Y. Fuentes-Edfuf</author>
    <author>J. Solis</author>
    <author>W. Baumgartner</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Biomimetic surfaces</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface functionalization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bioinspiration</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bionic materials</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57295</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>827</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>886</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>239</volume>
    <type>bookpart</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Nature Switzerland AG</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Cham, Switzerland</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Creation of Material Functions by Nanostructuring</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Surface nanostructures provide the possibility to create and tailor surface functionalities mainly via controlling their topography along with other chemical and physical material properties. One of the most appealing technologies for surface functionalization via micro- and nanostructuring is based on laser processing. This can be done either via direct contour-shaping of the irradiated material using a tightly focused laser beam or in a self-ordered way that allows employing larger laser beam diameters along with areal scanning to create a variety of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). For the latter approach, particularly ultrashort pulsed lasers have recently pushed the borders across long-lasting limitations regarding the minimum achievable feature sizes and additionally boosted up the production times. This chapter reviews the plethora of recently investigated applications of LIPSS—for example, via imposing diffractive or plasmonic structural colors, the management of liquids and surface wetting properties, biomedical and bioinspired functionalities, beneficial effects in tribology for reducing friction and wear, the manipulation of optical scattering and absorption in photovoltaics, or the modification of magnetic or superconducting surface properties in other energy applications. The footprint of the LIPSS-based technology is explored in detail regarding the current state of industrialization, including an analysis of the market and associated LIPSS production costs.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Ultrafast Laser Nanostructuring — The Pursuit of Extreme Scales</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-031-14751-7</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-031-14752-4</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/978-3-031-14752-4_23</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Marek Mezera</author>
    <author>C. Florian</author>
    <author>G.-W. Römer</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced periodic surface structures, LIPSS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface functionalization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanostructures</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Microstructures</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser processing</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>58826</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>41</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Laser-Textured Surfaces: A Way to Control Biofilm Formation?</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Bacterial biofilms pose serious problems in medical and industrial settings. One of the major societal challenges lies in the increasing resistance of bacteria against biocides used in antimicrobial treatments, e.g., via overabundant use in medicine, industry, and agriculture or cleaning and disinfection in private households. Hence, new efficient bacteria-repellent strategies avoiding the use of biocides are strongly desired. One promising route to achieve bacteria-repellent surfaces lies in the contactless and aseptic large-area laser-processing of technical surfaces. Tailored surface textures, enabled by different laser-processing strategies that result in topographic scales ranging from nanometers to micrometers may provide a solution to this challenge. This article presents a current state-of-the-art review of laser-surface subtractive texturing approaches for controlling the biofilm formation for different bacterial strains and in different environments. Based on specific properties of bacteria and laser-processed surfaces, the challenges of anti-microbial surface designs are discussed, and future directions will be outlined.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Laser &amp; Photonics Reviews</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1863-8899</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/lpor.202300753</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-588260</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">04.12.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PaperofMonth">1</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Karin Schwibbert</author>
    <author>Anja Richter</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Antibacterial surfaces</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Biofilms</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Microbial adhesions</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">4 Material und Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">4.1 Biologische Materialschädigung und Referenzorganismen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Umwelt-Material-Interaktionen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
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    <title language="eng">Unwanted X-ray emission in ultrashort pulse laser processing: From metallic to biological materials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">X-rays can be generated as an unwanted side effect during ultrashort pulse laser material processing of technical work pieces and even biological samples with laser intensities above 10^13 W/cm^2. First studies demonstrate the need to address this effect in industrial as well as in medical applications. This secondary hazard should be considered in work safety and risk assessment.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the Lasers in Manufacturing Conference 2023</parentTitle>
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    <author>S. Kraft</author>
    <author>Katrin Böttcher</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>J. Schille</author>
    <author>U. Löschner</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Laser-induced X-ray emission</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Secondary hazard</value>
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    <title language="eng">Chemical vapor deposition of indium precursors for solar microabsorbers using continuous laser radiation</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Localized deposition of indium on an amorphous glass surface covered with a thin molybdenum layer is demonstrated utilizing laser-assisted chemical vapor deposition. A continuous-wave laser causes a temperature rise on the molybdenum layer resulting in the selective aggregation of liquid and ultimately crystalline structures of indium. The formation sites of the indium are determined by the decomposition of gaseous trimethylindium. The deposited indium islands can serve as precursors and could be further processed into compound semiconductors like CuInSe2 for micro-concentrator solar cells. The experimental investigations were supported by theoretical simulations of the laser heating process to calculate the local temperature distribution on the surface of the molybdenum-covered glass substrate.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Applied Physics</parentTitle>
    <subTitle language="deu">A, Materials science &amp; processing</subTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s00339-025-08895-z</identifier>
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    <author>Heike Voss</author>
    <author>Setareh Zahedi-Azad</author>
    <author>Owen C. Ernst</author>
    <author>Jan Lucaßen</author>
    <author>Guido Mann</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>Torsten Boeck</author>
    <author>Jens Martin</author>
    <author>Martina Schmid</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
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      <value>Laser-assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>CW Laser</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Indium Islands</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Micro-concentrator Solar Cell</value>
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    <title language="eng">X-ray emission during ultrafast laser grooving</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Ultrashort pulse lasers offer the possibility to process materials with minimal heat input and high precision. However, the X-ray emission at high laser peak intensities represents an undesirable side effect. A laser system (1030 nm wavelength, 40 W maximum average laser power, 925 fs pulse duration, 100 μJ maximum pulse energy, 400 kHz pulse repetition frequency) was used to analyze the X-ray skin dose rates for applied peak intensities between 9.2 × 10^12 W/cm^2 and 1.3 × 10^14 W/cm^2 for mild steel, stainless steel and tungsten during groove processing. The lowest laser peak intensity at which X-ray emission could be measured was 9.2 × 10^12 W/cm^2 for processing of stainless steel. The X-ray emission showed a characteristic evolution in dependence on the number of overscans at the same line positions. For low peak intensities, a measurable X-ray emission only begins after a few passes. The number of scans to reach the maximum dose rate increases with lower laser peak intensity. Analysis of the evolving surface topography by white light interference microscopy in connection with ray-tracing simulations led to the interpretation that the increase in X-ray emission is due to the local intensity redistribution by multiple reflection within the laser-generated grooves which is promoted by a particular choice of the linear laser polarization.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Applied Physics A</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1432-0630</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s00339-025-08728-z</identifier>
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    <author>Katrin Böttcher</author>
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    <title language="eng">X-ray emission during ultrashort pulse laser material processing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The unwanted emission of X-rays during ultrashort pulse laser material processing in air was already reported more than 20 years ago for pulse repetition rates in the 1 kHz range [1]. It was stated that an enclosure of the experimental setup is necessary to protect the operator from X-rays. By now, the use of ultrashort pulse laser technology has become established in industry using repetition rates in the multi 100 kHz up to the GHz range and laser average powers up to the kW level. Since 2018/2019, more and more investigations have been carried out on the hazards from X-rays at higher laser pulse repetition rates [2-4]. Recently, maximum X-ray skin dose rates of the order of 1 Sv/h (iron target [5]) and X-ray photon energies of up to 40 keV (tungsten target [6]) were reported. Measures must be taken to shield the unwanted X-rays.</abstract>
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    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
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      <value>Radiation protection</value>
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    <title language="eng">Using imaging ellipsometry to understand femtosecond laser materials processing of group IV materials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Laser materials processing is an important tool for creating and shaping new materials. Laser machining, especially with ultrashort pulses offers the modification of surfaces, thin coatings, and bulk materials with an unprecedented precision and control. The most desired feature of pulsed laser processing in the femtosecond range is that the heat-affected zone in the irradiated material will be extremely small. To better understand the mechanisms involved during laser irradiation, it is important to analyse the outcome of light-matter interaction with spectroscopic methods. Ellipsometry, especially spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry (SIE), has become an important tool for this in recent times, as it gives access to local layer thicknesses, materials dielectric functions, and features like changes in surface roughness.&#13;
This work includes an overview over our recent studies examining near-infrared fs-laser surface processing of different group IV materials. The superficial phase change of silicon from crystalline to amorphous has been investigated in the past as the result of laser processing strongly depends on the crystal orientation. Moreover, SIE is capable of determining the&#13;
properties of buried a-Si interfaces with micrometer lateral and sub-nanoneter vertical precision. Additionally, the growth of native and laser-induced oxides can be revealed.</abstract>
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    <author>Deniz Hülagü</author>
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    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
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    <title language="eng">A multi-method study of femtosecond laser modification and ablation of amorphous hydrogenated carbon coatings</title>
    <abstract language="eng">e present a study on femtosecond laser treatment of amorphous hydrogen-containing carbon coatings (a-C:H). The coatings were deposited on silicon wafers by a plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition (PA-CVD), resulting in two different types of material with distinct properties (referred to as “absorbing” and “semi-transparent” coatings in the following). &#13;
The samples were laser-treated with single fs-laser pulses (800 nm center wavelength, 35 fs pulse duration) in the ablative regime. Through a multi-method approach using topometry, Raman spectroscopy, and spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry, we can identify zones and thresholds of diferent fuence dependent efects and have access to the local dielectric function. &#13;
The two coating materials react signifcantly diferent upon laser treatment. We determined the (non-ablative) modifcation threshold fuence for the absorbing coating as 3.6 × 10−2 Jcm−2 and its ablation threshold as 0.22 Jcm−2. The semi-transparent coating does not show such a low-fuence modifcation but exhibits a characteristic interference-based intra-flm ablation mechanism with two distinguishable ablation thresholds at 0.25 and 0.28 Jcm−2,  respectively. The combination of tailored layer materials and correlative imaging spectroscopic methods delivers new insights into the behaviour of materials when treated with ultrashort-pulse laser radiation</abstract>
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We determined the (non-ablative) modification threshold fluence for the absorbing coating as &lt;jats:inline-formula&gt;&lt;jats:alternatives&gt;&lt;jats:tex-math&gt;$$3.6\\times {10}^{-2}$$&lt;\/jats:tex-math&gt;&lt;mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"&gt;\n                  &lt;mml:mrow&gt;\n                    &lt;mml:mn&gt;3.6&lt;\/mml:mn&gt;\n                    &lt;mml:mo&gt;\u00d7&lt;\/mml:mo&gt;\n                    &lt;mml:msup&gt;\n                      &lt;mml:mrow&gt;\n                        &lt;mml:mn&gt;10&lt;\/mml:mn&gt;\n                      &lt;\/mml:mrow&gt;\n                      &lt;mml:mrow&gt;\n                        &lt;mml:mo&gt;-&lt;\/mml:mo&gt;\n                        &lt;mml:mn&gt;2&lt;\/mml:mn&gt;\n                      &lt;\/mml:mrow&gt;\n                    &lt;\/mml:msup&gt;\n                  &lt;\/mml:mrow&gt;\n                &lt;\/mml:math&gt;&lt;\/jats:alternatives&gt;&lt;\/jats:inline-formula&gt;\u00a0Jcm&lt;jats:sup&gt;\u22122&lt;\/jats:sup&gt; and its ablation threshold as 0.22\u00a0Jcm&lt;jats:sup&gt;\u22122&lt;\/jats:sup&gt;. 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    <author>Kenta Hirahara</author>
    <author>Jörn Bonse</author>
    <author>Jörg Krüger</author>
    <author>Matthias Weise</author>
    <author>Elena Ermilova</author>
    <author>Robert Schusterbauer</author>
    <author>Andreas-Neil Unterreiner</author>
    <author>Andreas Hertwig</author>
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      <value>Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon Coatings</value>
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      <value>Correlative Imaging Measurement Techniques</value>
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      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hybrid Metrology</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Imaging Spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spectroscopic Ellipsometry</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultra-short Pulse Laser Materials Processing</value>
    </subject>
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