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  <doc>
    <id>31585</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Investigations of BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Cloud Explosion) and fireballs of peroxy-fuels and hydrocarbons: Experiments and CFD simulation</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">12th International Conference on Combustion and Energy Utilisation (ICCEU)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">34610</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">12th International Conference on Combustion and Energy Utilisation (ICCEU)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Lancaster, England</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2014-09-29</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2014-10-03</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>31586</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>poster</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Rheinland refinery accident 2014: CFD prediction of atmospheric dispersion of smoke</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Combustion Research and Application 2014</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">34611</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Combustion Research and Application 2014</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Soesterberg, Netherlands</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2014-10-08</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2014-10-09</enrichment>
    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>33283</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>12</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation>Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal / Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">CFD simulations to predict the thermal safety distances from jet fires of peroxy-fuels</title>
    <abstract language="eng">CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulations have been carried out to investigate the behavior of turbulent, subsonic jet fires of the peroxy-fuel Di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) using the SAS-SST turbulence model, the discrete transfer radiation model, the eddy dissipation combustion model and the Magnussen soot model. Safety relevant parameters, such as flame length, temperature and thermal radiation are predicted to give recommendations on safety distances.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">4. Magdeburger Brand- und Explosionsschutztag / 3. vfdb-Workshop Brandschutzforschung</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">36372</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-00-048960-0</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">4. Magdeburger Brand- und Explosionsschutztag / 3. vfdb-Workshop Brandschutzforschung</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Magdeburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">26.03.2015</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">27.03.2015</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">01.06.2015</enrichment>
    <author>Simon Schmidt</author>
    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
    <author>Klaus-Dieter Wehrstedt</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CFD simulations</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermal safety distances</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Jet fires</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Peroxy-fuels</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>31721</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>56</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>57</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation>Technology foundation STW</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Rheinland refinery accident 2014: CFD prediction of atmospheric dispersion of smoke</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Industrial fire and explosion hazards are most often also associated with the dispersion of toxic substances.&#13;
These substances can be gases, liquids, solids or in form of aerosols. The critical toxic exposure limits to People and enviroment from such substances are regulated by the concerned authorities of the countries. In order to comply with the defined regulation estimation of such critical limits must be carried out by different semi-empirical and phenomenological models/methods for risk assessment.&#13;
Many of such methods provide a qualitative estimation of time and space dependent extrimities of toxicity. The overwhelm development of computational capacity has made it possible to perform Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation by solving the three-dimensional transport equations for mass momentum and species in lower and upper atmosphere, respectively. CFD simulation not only provides a detailed 3D distribution of toxic particulates/gases in the neighbourhood of the plant but also helps to study the worst-case sceanrios. In the past several small- and large-scale accidents occured in oil and gas plants in different parts of the world including the recent one in Rheinland refinery near Cologne in Germany. This work deals with this accident and provides a methodology to predict the critical exposure limits of smoke emitted by a toluene tank fire by means of CFD simulation.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">COMBURA 2014 - Combustion research and application symposium</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">34767</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">COMBURA 2014 - Combustion research and application symposium</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Soesterberg, The Netherlands</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">08.10.2014</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2014-10-09</enrichment>
    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
    <author>Klaus-Dieter Wehrstedt</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CFD</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Retinery incident</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Smoke dispersion</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>30555</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">An overview of recent research activities at BAM 2.2</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">IGUS EOS Meeting</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">33530</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IGUS EOS Meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Nanjing, China</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2014-04-09</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2014-04-10</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>30481</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>186</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>197</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>29</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Butterworth</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Guildford, Surrey</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Spill-over characteristics of peroxy-fuels: Two-phase CFD investigations</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Two-phase CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) model for characterising the spill-over/dispersion of peroxy-fuels is presented. The model is independent of type and burning rate of the spilled/dispersed fuel and considers only overflow Reynolds number (Re) to characterise the spill/dispersion behaviour. Additional simulations are performed for LNG (Liquified Natural Gas) dispersion and it is found that the model can be used for different fuels within a defined range of Re. Different scenarios with Re = 100 to 3 × 105 are investigated covering a wide range of mass flow rates, opening sizes and viscosities. Depending on Lower Flammability Limits (LFL) of the fuels spill/dispersion (vapour cloud) diameters (DCFD) and heights (hCFD) are predicted. A generalised correlation between DCFD and Re is established to predict the dispersion occurring at varying scales. The model is validated by: (1) conducting an extensive grid independent study; (2) comparing the results with the existing analytical methods and (3) comparing against the standard field test data on LNG dispersions.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of loss prevention in the process industries</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">33454</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.jlp.2014.02.014</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0950-4230</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1873-3352</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">07.04.2014</enrichment>
    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
    <author>Klaus-Dieter Wehrstedt</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spill-over</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dispersion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Peroxy-fuels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CFD</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reynolds number</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Liquefied natural gas</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>37878</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>54</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>59</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>BAM</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Thermische Zersetzung von AIBN - Experimente und Simulationen zur Bestimmung der SADT</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die thermische Zersetzung von AIBN wurde in einem Projekt mit mehreren Teilnehmern untersucht. Hierbei wurde die selbstbeschleunigende Zersetzungstemperatur SADT) sowohl experimentell als auf Grundlage von Simulationsrechnungen bestimmt. Die Besonderheit bei dem Feststoff AIBN ist, dass die Zersetzung sowohl in der festen, als auch in der flüssigen Phase nach dem Schmelzen stattfindet, was bei den durchgeführten Simulationsrechnungen berücksichtigt werden musste. Die berechneten SADT Werte stimmen mit den experimentell bestimmten sehr gut überein.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">14. BAM-PTB-Kolloquium zur chemischen und physikalischen Sicherheitstechnik</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-9817853-5-7</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0938-5533</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">14. BAM-PTB-Kolloquium zur chemischen und physikalischen Sicherheitstechnik</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">14.06.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">15.06.2016</enrichment>
    <author>Marcus Malow</author>
    <author>Klaus-Dieter Wehrstedt</author>
    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
    <author>J. Steinbach</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>SADT</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reaktionskinetik</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>AIBN</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DSC</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>UN-Test H.1</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>UN-Test H.4</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Eigenverlag BAM</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>37881</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>126</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>133</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>BAM</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Feuerbälle organischer Peroxide: Thermische Strahlung und Sicherheitsabstände</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Das Abbrandverhalten und die thermische Strahlung von Poolfeuern organischer Peroxide (OP) wurden bereits in der Vergangenheit ausführlich untersucht. Dabei ergaben sich zum Teil erhebliche Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Abbrandraten, Temperaturen, Strahlungsintensitäten und Flammenlängen im Vergleich zu flüssigen Kohlenwasserstoffen. Das größere Gefahrenpotenzial von OP führt zu strikteren Sicherheitsbestimmungen für Lagerung und Transport. Da das Gefahrenpotenzial maßgeblich von den tatsächlich auftretenden Szenarien abhängt, ist eine Bewertung solcher Ereignisse unumgänglich um nachhaltig die Gesundheit von Mensch und Umgebung zu sichern. Ein Metallfass, gefüllt mit 200 Litern DTBP (Di-tertiär-butylperoxid), wurde auf dem Testgelände Technische Sicherheit der BAM einem Außenfeuer ausgesetzt. Durch den starken Wärmeeintrag erhöht sich die Massenabbrandrate des Peroxids um ein Vielfaches und das Fass entleert sich schließlich unter Ausbildung mehrerer Feuerbälle. Die Flammengröße, Flammentemperatur und damit die thermische Strahlung überschreiten die der gewöhnlichen OP-Poolfeuer. Die resultierenden höheren Sicherheitsabstände sind abschließend berechnet.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">14. BAM-PTB-Kolloquium zur chemischen und physikalischen Sicherheitstechnik</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-9817853-5-7</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0938-5533</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">14. BAM-PTB-Kolloquium zur chemischen und physikalischen Sicherheitstechnik</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">14.06.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">15.06.2016</enrichment>
    <author>Paul Blankenhagel</author>
    <author>Klaus-Dieter Wehrstedt</author>
    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
    <author>J. Steinbach</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DTBP</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Feuerbälle</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Organische Peroxide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermische Strahlung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Eigenverlag BAM</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>33807</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>74</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>91</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>117</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">CFD model for large hazardous dense cloud spread predictions, with particular reference to Bophal disaster</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A volumetric source based CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) model for estimating the wind and gravity driven spread of an elevated released dense hazardous cloud on a flat terrain without and with obstacles is demonstrated. The model considers the development of a worst-case scenario similar to that occurred at Bhopal. Fully developed clouds of a dense gas having different densities, under ABL (Atmospheric Boundary Layer) with calm ground wind conditions are first obtained. These clouds are then allowed to spread under ABL with different ground wind speeds and gravity conditions. The developed model is validated by performing the grid independent study, the fluid dynamical evidences, post-disaster facts, the downwind MIC (Methyl Isocynate) concentrations estimated by earlier models and experiments on dense plume trajectories. It is shown that in case of an active dispersion under calm wind conditions the lateral spread would prevail over the downwind spread. The presence of a dense medium behaves like a weak porous media and initiates turbulence at much smaller downwind distances than that normally would occur without the dense medium. The safety distances from toxic exposures of MIC are predicted by specifying an isosurface of a minimum concentration above the ground surface. Discrepancies in near-field predictions still exist. However, the far-field predictions agree well with data published before.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Atmospheric environment</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">36927</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.06.038</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0004-6981</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1352-2310</identifier>
    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CFD model</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dense cloud</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Safety distance</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Porous medium</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bhopal disaster</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>34950</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>324</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>330</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>140</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier B.V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Diffusive burning of blended peroxy-fuels: Some experimental results</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Dampening of energetic properties and the effects of blending proportions of isododecane on the diffusive burning behaviour of peroxy-fuels are experimentally studied. Blended peorxy-fuels are obtained by adding isododecane in the proportions of 25 wt.%, 50 wt.% and 75 wt.%, respectively, in technical pure peroxy-fuels. The fuels were burned in form of pool fires with diameters 0.02 m ≤ d ≤ 1 m. The mass burning rates and relative flame lengths are found to be weakened with increasing diluent proportions. By measuring the mass burning rates and visible flame lengths of pool fires of different samples of fuel blends an optimum blending criterion is developed. Furthermore, it is shown that the dilution proportions and flame characteristics can be correlated by empirical equations.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Fuel processing technology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">38100</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.06.014</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0016-2361</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0378-3820</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1873-7153</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">24.11.2015</enrichment>
    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
    <author>Klaus-Dieter Wehrstedt</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Peroxy-fuels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Blends</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Isododecan</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pool fire</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mass burning rate</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Flame length</value>
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  <doc>
    <id>33671</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>526</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>542</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>24</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam [u.a.]</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Underground gas pipeline explosion and fire: CFD based assessment of foreseeability</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Scenarios of underground gas pipeline failure, crater formation, dispersion of gas, explosion and subsequent fires are investigated with semi-empirical and with CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) modelling. In order to strengthen the accident based learning approaches present investigations are performed in the context of recent GAIL (Gas Authority of India Limited) natural gas pipeline incident occurred in India. The foreseeability of damages to lives of people and assets due to explosion overpressure and thermal radiation are assessed. The released gas is considered as slightly dense-than-air i.e. 1.5 times. Depending on the LFL (Lower Flammability Limit) of gas the dispersion diameter and heights are predicted which followed the visual evidences appropriately. The model was furthermore tested with an even denser medium and was found to be worked well there too. The estimated explosion overpressures with the standard methods and also with CFD reproduced the scenario nicely. The effects of congestion VBR (Volume Blockage Ratio) in form of vegetation on stable atmospheric boundary layer flow is analysed and its contribution towards turbulence and hazard enhancement is studied.&#13;
&#13;
It is found that the major source of fatalities was higher thermal radiation emitted by pool fires of methane. The estimated thermal safety distances clearly demonstrate the ignorance/under estimation of likelihood and consequence of such hazardous events. For such incidents CFD demonstrated a strong capability to assess the pre or/and post events foreseeabilities within a reasonable amount of time and with an acceptable level of accuracy meeting the industrial needs for risk analysis.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of natural gas science and engineering</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">36781</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.jngse.2015.04.010</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1875-5100</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">13.07.2015</enrichment>
    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
    <author>Klaus-Dieter Wehrstedt</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Natural gas</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Underground pipeline</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dense gas dispersion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Explosion and fire</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CFD</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Safety distance</value>
    </subject>
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  </doc>
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    <id>18684</id>
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    <publishedYear>2008</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
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    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="deu">On dynamics of organic peroxides pool flames</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">35th National Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">20845</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">35th National Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Bangalore, India</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2008-12-11</enrichment>
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    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
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    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2008</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>643</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>650</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>FMFP 08 - 076</issue>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace>Bangalore, India</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>PES Institute of Technology</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">On the dynamics of organic peroxide pool flames</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">35th National Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power, December 11-13, 2008, Bangalore, India (Proceedings)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">20851</identifier>
    <enrichment key="bibliotheksstandort">Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventName">35th National Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Bangalore, India</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2008-12-11</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2008-12-13</enrichment>
    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
    <author>Klaus-Dieter Wehrstedt</author>
    <author>A. Schönbucher</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Peroxide and kerosene pool flames</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Froude number</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)</value>
    </subject>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="deu">Experimental and numerical investigations of pool flames of organic peroxides</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">1st Peer Training - Meeting on Applied Scientific Computing and Tools</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">20800</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">1st Peer Training - Meeting on Applied Scientific Computing and Tools</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Rome, Italy</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2008-10-21</enrichment>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="deu">A numerical revisit of large organic peroxide fire test</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Viertes gemeinsames wissenschaftliches Kolloquium der Uni Duisburg-Essen, Institut für technische Chemie I, und der BAM, Abteilung II "Chemische Sicherheitstechnik"</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">19854</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="eventStart">2007-11-29</enrichment>
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    <author>Kirti Bhushan Mishra</author>
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    <title language="deu">Pool flames of organic peroxides - experimental and CFD study</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">32nd International Symposium on Cumbustion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">19856</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="eventStart">2008-08-03</enrichment>
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