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    <publisherName>ACS Publications</publisherName>
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    <title language="eng">Unintended Rate Enhancement in Mechanochemical Kinetics by Using Poly(methyl methacrylate) Jars</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Time-resolved in situ (TRIS) X-ray diffraction has changed how mechanochemical transformations are studied but requires the use of X-ray transparent jars often made from poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). However, using PMMA jars can alter the apparent kinetics of mechanochemical polymorphism by an order of magnitude, questioning the interpretability of established TRIS methods. Our results suggest that rate enhancement in PMMA jars may not be dominated by chemical effects of the polymer, but rather a result of different equilibrium temperatures within the jar. These features must be better understood before control over mechanochemical reactions can be achieved.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Crystal Growth &amp; Design</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1021/acs.cgd.2c01227</identifier>
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    <author>Kevin Linberg</author>
    <author>Franziska Emmerling</author>
    <author>Adam Michalchuk</author>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Mechanochemistry</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Polymers</value>
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      <value>Materials</value>
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    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/56527/Unintended Rate Enhancement in Mechanochemical Kinetics by Using Poly(methyl methacrylate) Jars.pdf</file>
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  <doc>
    <id>55887</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
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    <title language="eng">Controlling polymorphism in molecular cocrystals by variable temperature ball milling</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Mechanochemistry offers a unique opportunity to modify and manipulate crystal forms, often providing new products as compared with conventional solution methods. While promising, there is little known about how to control the solid form through mechanochemical means, demanding dedicated investigations. Using a model organic cocrystal system (isonicotinamide:glutaric acid), we here demonstrate that with mechanochemistry, polymorphism can be induced in molecular solids under conditions seemingly different to their conventional thermodynamic (thermal) transition point.&#13;
Whereas Form II converts to Form I upon heating to 363 K, the same transition can be initiated under ball milling conditions at markedly lower temperatures (348 K). Our results indicate that mechanochemical techniques can help to reduce the energy barriers to solid form transitions, offering new insights into controlling polymorphic forms. Moreover, our results suggest that the nature of mechanochemical transformations could make it difficult to interpret mechanochemical solid form landscapes using conventional equilibrium-based tools.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Faraday Discussions</parentTitle>
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    <author>Kevin Linberg</author>
    <author>Bettina Röder</author>
    <author>Dominik Al-Sabbagh</author>
    <author>Franziska Emmerling</author>
    <author>Adam Michalchuk</author>
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      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mechanochemistry</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kinetics</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>In situ</value>
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  <doc>
    <id>58921</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
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    <language>eng</language>
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    <title language="eng">The Origin of Delayed Polymorphism in Molecular Crystals Under Mechanochemical Conditions</title>
    <abstract language="eng">We show that mechanochemically driven polymorphic transformations can require extremely long induction periods, which can be tuned from hours to days by changing ball milling energy. The robust design and interpretation of ball milling experiments must account for this unexpected kinetics that arises from energetic phenomena unique to the solid state. Detailed thermal analysis, combined with DFT simulations, indicates that these marked induction periods are associated with processes of mechanical activation. Correspondingly, we show that the pre‐activation of reagents can also lead to marked changes in the length of induction periods. Our findings demonstrate a new dimension for exerting control over polymorphic transformations in organic crystals. We expect mechanical activation to have a much broader implication across organic solid‐state mechanochemistry.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Chemistry – A European Journal</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/chem.202302150</identifier>
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    <title language="deu">Controlled Polymorphism by Elevated Temperature Ball Milling</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Mechanochemistry provides polymorphs that are difficult to obtain by conventional solution-based methods. Based on the nicotinamide and pimelic acid cocrystal, we demonstrated that the ball size, frequency, and temperature are essential parameters. Our results indicate that fine-tuning the energy input during a mechanochemical reaction can provide control over polymorphism.</abstract>
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    <author>Kevin Linberg</author>
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