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  <doc>
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    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>12</issue>
    <volume>138</volume>
    <type>other</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>New York, NY</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
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    <title language="eng">Cover image for the article "Nanomechanical study of polycarbonate/boehmite nanoparticles/epoxy ternary composite and their interphases"</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The image designed by Natalia Cano Murillo and colleagues shows the cross section of a ternary composite (boehmite/polycarbonate/epoxy, 80μm x 80μm). The surface was measured by AFM kelvin probe microscopy, yielding the surface potential which is shown as 3D‐surface and contour lines. The sample was further subjected to AFM force spectroscopy with a lateral resolution of 1μm², yielding the local Young's modulus, projected in false colors on the 3D surface. The ternary system, containing boehmite nanoparticles, shows a broad distribution of modulus, desirable for optimized macroscopic mechanical properties, such as high stiffness as well as toughness.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of applied polymer science</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/app.50400</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0021-8995</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1097-4628</identifier>
    <enrichment key="RelatedIdentifier">https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-515965</enrichment>
    <author>Natalia Cano Murillo</author>
    <author>Media Ghasem Zadeh Khorasani</author>
    <author>Dorothee Silbernagl</author>
    <author>Marc Benjamin Hahn</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Heinz Sturm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Boehmite</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Epoxy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polycarbonate</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>AFM</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>BNP</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="62">Ingenieurwissenschaften</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.6 Digitale Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65476</id>
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    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>10</pageLast>
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    <publisherName>Wiley VHC-Verlag</publisherName>
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    <title language="eng">Correlative Chemical Imaging to Reveal the Nature of Different Commercial Graphene Materials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Proper physicochemical characterization of advanced materials and complex industrial composites remains a significant challenge, particularly for nanomaterials, whose nanoscale dimensions and mostly complex chemistry challenge the analysis. In this work, we employed a correlative analytical approach that integrates atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and Raman spectroscopy. This combination enables detailed chemical and structural characterization with sub‐micrometer spatial resolution. Three commercial graphene‐based materials of varying complexity were selected and investigated to test the analytical performance of this approach. Furthermore, one of the commercial graphene oxide samples was chemically functionalized via amination and fluorination. This allowed us to assess how surface modifications influence both the material properties and the limits of the applied analytical techniques.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Small Methods</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2366-9608</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/smtd.202502344</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-654765</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Robert Schusterbauer</author>
    <author>Paul Mrkwitschka</author>
    <author>Mario Sahre</author>
    <author>Elena Corrao</author>
    <author>Amaia Zurutuza</author>
    <author>Alexander Doolin</author>
    <author>Francesco Pellegrino</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Ievgen S. Donskyi</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Analytical methods</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Commercial products</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Correlative analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Graphene</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface imaging</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
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    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65476/SchusterbauerEtAl_Small Methods_2026_CorrChemImagingCommercialG.pdf</file>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65476/smtd70529_sup_0001_suppmat.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>63335</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
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    <type>researchdata</type>
    <publisherName>Zenodo</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Geneva</publisherPlace>
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    <title language="eng">CV, TEM, XRD and XPS/HAXPES datasets of FeNi-based nanoparticles for the oxygen evolution reaction</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The datasets from Cyclic Voltammetry, Transmision Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction, and (Hard Energy) X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy are related to the publication &#13;
&#13;
 H. Habibimarkani, S.-L. Abram, A. Guilherme Buzanich, C. Prinz, M. Sahre, V.-D. Hodoroaba and J. Radnik &#13;
&#13;
"In-depth analysis of FeNi-based nanoparticles for the oxygen evolution reaction"&#13;
&#13;
Scientific Reports (2025), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92720-3&#13;
&#13;
Details of the materials and the experimental procedures are described in this publications.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.5281/zenodo.14975964</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Heydar Habibimarkani</author>
    <author>Carsten Prinz</author>
    <author>Mario Sahre</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oxygen evolution reaction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fe-Ni nanopartices</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Comprehensive analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.3 Strukturanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Forschungsdatensätze der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65148</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>24</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Understanding the Activity Trade-Off between Tetrapyrrolic Fe-NCs and Co-NCs in the Alkaline Oxygen Reduction Reaction</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A water-free ionothermal synthesis of porous magnesium-imprinted nitrogen-doped carbon (Mg–NC) materials is introduced to prepare a platform material to investigate electrocatalytic structure-performance relations. Atomically dispersed Co- and Fe-NCs isomorphic to the pristine Mg-NCs are prepared by ion-exchange reactions. The current Mg-templating strategy enables relatively high pyrolysis product yields of up to 50 wt% and resultant Fe-NC and Co-NC catalysts contain high and comparable active metal loading of up to 2.52 wt% Fe and 2.29 wt% Co, respectively. A combination of X-ray spectroscopies with DFT studies reveals a tetrapyrrolic structure of the coordination sites, originating from a pyrolytic magnesium template ion reaction within the ionothermal synthesis. Two sets of highly active isomorphic tetrapyrrolic Fe-NCs and Co-NCs are utilized to understand the differences in intrinsic electrocatalytic performance of Co-NCs and Fe-NCs towards the alkaline oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Despite their superior valence electronic properties to facilitate the initial outer-sphere electron transfer to O2, Co-NCs show significantly lower performance than Fe-NC with comparable loading. Although the generally discussed weaker binding of peroxide intermediates to CoN4 sites compared to FeN4 sites is evident, experimental and theoretical investigation reveal that it is the underlying peroxide oxidation activity that suppresses the oxygen reduction activity of M-NCs. The high peroxide oxidation activity of Co-NCs explains their reduced alkaline ORR relative to Fe-NCs, shedding light on the understated significance of controlling peroxide chemistry for the optimizing cathodic performance.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Understanding the Activity Trade-Off between Tetrapyrrolic Fe-NCs and Co-NCs in the Alkaline Oxygen Reduction Reaction</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.26434/chemrxiv-2025-s59s5</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-651487</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Arielle Rieck</author>
    <author>Jian Liang Low</author>
    <author>Simon Dietzmann</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Zahra Teimouri</author>
    <author>Drew Higgins</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Asad Mehmood</author>
    <author>Tim-Patrick Fellinger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Magnesium Imprinting</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tetrapyrrolic Sites</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Metal- and nitrogen-doped carbon (M-N-C)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nitrogen doped Carbon</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Preprints der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65148/Rieck_Low_ChemRxiv.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62693</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>17</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>15</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Nature</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">In-depth analysis of FeNi-based nanoparticles for the oxygen evolution reaction</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This study investigates the effect of varying iron-to-nickel ratios on the catalytic performance of Fe-Ni oxide nanoparticles (NPs) for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Addressing the issue of high energy wastage due to large overpotentials in OER, we synthesized and characterized different NP catalysts with different Fe: Ni oxide ratios. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were employed to determine the morphology, elemental and phase composition of the NPs. Furthermore, in-depth profiling with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (HAXPES) revealed that iron predominantly exists as oxide, while nickel exhibits both metallic and oxidic forms depending on the Fe content. XPS indicated an enrichment of iron at the NP surface, whereas HAXPES and EDS data agreed on the bulk stoichiometry. The assessment of the catalytic activity via cyclic voltammetry (CV) showed that the Fe: Ni ratio of 2:3 exhibited superior performance, characterized by lower overpotential and a smaller Tafel slope.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Scientific Reports</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-92720-3</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1038/s41598-025-92720-3</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-626932</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">24.03.2025</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Heydar Habibimarkani</author>
    <author>Sarah-Luise Abram</author>
    <author>Ana de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich</author>
    <author>Carsten Prinz</author>
    <author>Mario Sahre</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fe-Ni oxide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanoparticles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>OER</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Catalytic performance</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cyclic voltammetry</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.2 Biophotonik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.3 Strukturanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
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    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/62693/s41598-025-92720-3.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65254</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>22033</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>22040</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>50</issue>
    <volume>129</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>American Chemical Society (ACS)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
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    <title language="eng">Chemical Analysis of Commercial Functionalized Graphene Nanoplatelets along the Production Process with Raman Spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Commercial applications increasingly rely on functionalized graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) supplied as powders, aqueous suspensions, and printable inks, yet their process−structure−property relationships across the production chain remain to be fully mapped. Here we apply a correlative Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) workflow to nine independent industrial graphene batches spanning three surface chemistries, raw (R), fluorinated (F), and nitrogen-functionalized (N), in all three physical forms which are powders, suspensions, and inks.&#13;
Raman mapping (with a 532 nm excitation laser) showed that I2D/IG is highest for N samples and lowest for R-ink. A 2D-vs-G correlation places all samples on a trajectory parallel to the pure-doping vector, which can correlate to holes in the graphene lattice. The mean point-defect spacing is LD = 8.4−10.0 nm. High-resolution XPS resolves the accompanying chemical changes: F-powder exhibits distinct C−F (289 eV), C−F2 (292 eV), and C−F3 (293 eV) components and loses roughly half its F content upon dispersion in deionized water or ink formulation; inks of all chemistries show a pronounced O−C=O peak near 289−290 eV originated from the ink compounds. N-functionalized samples showed a prominent C−N (285.5 eV) only for the ink formulated N-functionalized sample. This study establishes a process-aware blueprint linking the functionalization route and formulation step to lattice disorder and surface chemistry, offering transferable quality-control metrics for graphene supply chains in industrial products/applications such as coatings, storage devices, and printed electronics.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">The Journal of Physical Chemistry C</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1932-7447</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1021/acs.jpcc.5c06820</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-652548</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Loay Akmal Madbouly</author>
    <author>Heinz Sturm</author>
    <author>Alexander Doolin</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Functionalized graphene</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Raman Spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>XPS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Chemical analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65254/MadboulyEtAl_2025_JPC C_RamanXPSonfG.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51596</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>11</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>12</issue>
    <volume>138</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>New York, NY</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Nanomechanical study of polycarbonate/boehmite nanoparticles/epoxy ternary composite and their interphases</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Thermoplastic modified thermosets are of great interest especially due to their improved fracture toughness. Comparable enhancements have been achieved by adding different nanofillers including inorganic particles such as nanosized boehmite. Here, we present a nanomechanical study of two composite systems, the first comprising a polycarbonate (PC) layer in contact with epoxy resin (EP) and the second consisting of a PC layer containing boehmite nanoparticles (BNP) which is also in contact with an EP layer. The interaction between PC and EP monomer is tested by in situ Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) analysis, from which a reaction induced phase separation of the PC phase is inferred. Both systems are explored by atomic force microscopy (AFM) force spectroscopy. AFM force-distance curves (FDC) show no alteration of the mechanical properties of EP at the interface to PC. However, when a PC phase loaded with BNP is put in contact with an epoxy system during curing, a considerable mechanical improvement exceeding the rule of mixture was detected.&#13;
The trend of BNP to agglomerate preferentially around EP dominated regions and the stiffening effect of BNP on EP shown by spatial resolved measurements of Young's modulus, suggest the effective presence of BNP within the EP phase.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of applied polymer science</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/app.50231</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-515965</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0021-8995</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1097-4628</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">19.11.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="RelatedIdentifier">https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/51831</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Natalia Cano Murillo</author>
    <author>Media Ghasem Zadeh Khorasani</author>
    <author>Dorothee Silbernagl</author>
    <author>Marc Benjamin Hahn</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Heinz Sturm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Composites</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mechanical properties</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanoparticles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermoplastics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermosets</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.6 Digitale Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/51596/AppliedPolymer_Nanomechanical study of ternary composite.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52826</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1591</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>6</issue>
    <volume>11</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>CH - 4020 Basel, Switzerland</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Carrier Fibers for the Safe Dosage of Nanoparticles in Nanocomposites: Nanomechanical and Thermomechanical Study on Polycarbonate/Boehmite Electrospun Fibers Embedded in Epoxy Resin</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The reinforcing effect of boehmite nanoparticles (BNP) in epoxy resins for fiber composite lightweight construction is related to the formation of a soft but bound interphase between filler and polymer. The interphase is able to dissipate crack propagation energy and consequently increases the fracture toughness of the epoxy resin. Usually, the nanoparticles are dispersed in the resin and then mixed with the hardener to form an applicable mixture to impregnate the fibers. If one wishes to locally increase the fracture toughness at particularly stressed positions of the fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPC), this could be done by spraying nanoparticles from a suspension. However, this would entail high costs for removing the nanoparticles from the ambient air. We propose that a fiber fleece containing bound nanoparticles be inserted at exposed locations. For the present proof-of-concept study, an electrospun polycarbonate nonwoven and taurine modified BNP are proposed. After fabrication of suitable PC/EP/BNP composites, the thermomechanical properties were tested by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Comparatively, the local nanomechanical properties such as stiffness and elastic modulus were determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). An additional investigation of the distribution of the nanoparticles in the epoxy matrix, which is a prerequisite for an effective nanocomposite, is carried out by scanning electron microscopy in transmission mode (TSEM). From the results it can be concluded that the concept of carrier fibers for nanoparticles is viable.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Nanomaterials - Special Issue Advanced Materials for Aerospace: Polymer Nanocomposites</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/nano11061591</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-528265</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">08.07.2021</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Natalia Cano Murillo</author>
    <author>Media Ghasem Zadeh Khorasani</author>
    <author>Dorothee Silbernagl</author>
    <author>Farnaz Emamverdi</author>
    <author>K. Cacua</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Heinz Sturm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Advanced materials</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electrospun nanocomposite fiber</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanomechanical charecteisation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanosafety</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Epoxy nanocomposites</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.6 Digitale Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/52826/nanomaterials-11-01591.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52813</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>983</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>994</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>6</issue>
    <volume>72</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Preconditioning of AISI 304 stainless steel surfaces in the presence of flavins—Part II: Effect on biofilm formation and microbially influenced corrosion processes</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Biofilm formation and microbially influenced corrosion of the iron-reducing microorganism Shewanella putrefaciens were investigated on stainless steel surfaces preconditioned in the absence and presence of flavin molecules by means of XANES (X-ray absorption near-edge structure) analysis and electrochemical methods. The results indicate that biofilm formation was promoted on samples preconditioned in electrolytes containing minute amounts of flavins. On the basis of the XANES results, the corrosion processes are controlled by the iron-rich outer layer of the passive film. Biofilm formation resulted in a cathodic shift of the open circuit potential and a protective effect in terms of pitting corrosion. The samples preconditioned in the absence of flavins have shown delayed pitting and the samples preconditioned in the presence of flavins did not show any pitting in a window of −0.3- to +0.0-V overpotential in the bacterial medium. The results indicate that changes in the passive film chemistry induced by the presence of minute amounts of flavins during a mild anodic polarization can change the susceptibility of stainless steel surfaces to microbially influenced corrosion.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials and Corrosion</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/maco.202012192</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-528130</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">14.06.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Nina Wurzler</author>
    <author>Jan David Schütter</author>
    <author>R. Wagner</author>
    <author>Matthias Dimper</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>D. Lützenkirchen-Hecht</author>
    <author>Özlem Özcan Sandikcioglu</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Biofilms</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>XANES</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Microbially influenced corrosion (MIC)</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/52813/maco.202012192.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57886</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley VCH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of the Morphology on the Functionalization of Graphene Nanoplatelets Analyzed by Comparative Photoelectron Spectroscopy with Soft and Hard X-Rays</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Since its isolation, graphene has received growing attention from academia and industry due to its unique properties. However, the “what is my material” barrier hinders further commercialization. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is considered as a method of choice for the determination of the elemental and chemical composition. In this work the influence of the morphology of graphene particles on the XPS results is studied and investigated as a function of X-ray energy, using conventional XPS with Al K𝜶 radiation and hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES) using Cr K𝜶 radiation. Thereby, the information depth is varied between 10 and 30 nm. For this purpose, two commercial powders containing graphene nanoplatelets with lateral dimensions of either ≈100 nm or in the micrometer range are compared. These larger ones exist as stack of graphene layers which is inspected with scanning electron microscopy. Both kinds of particles are then functionalized with either oxygen or fluorine. The size of the graphene particles is found to influence the degree of functionalization. Only the combination of XPS and HAXPES allows to detect the functionalization at the outermost surface of the particles or even of the stacks and to provide new insights into the functionalization process.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Advance Materials Interfaces</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/admi.202300116</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2196-7350</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-578860</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">10.07.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PaperofMonth">1</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Giovanni Chemello</author>
    <author>Xenia Knigge</author>
    <author>Dmitri Ciornii</author>
    <author>B.P. Reed</author>
    <author>A.J. Pollard</author>
    <author>C.A. Clifford</author>
    <author>T. Howe</author>
    <author>N. Vyas</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Functionalized graphene</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hard-energy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/57886/Adv Materials Inter - 2023 - Chemello.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57636</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>496</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>500</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>55</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Elemental composition and thickness determination of thin films by electron probe microanalysis</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) applies to solid samples of homogenous (bulk) chemical composition and can usually not be applied to structures which are inhomogeneous in the micrometer range such as thin film systems down to a few nm. However, in combination with the established thin film software Stratagem, the thickness as well as the elemental composition of thin films on a substrate can be determined. This has been recently successfully demonstrated for Fe-Ni on Si and Si-Ge on Al2O3 thin film systems. For both systems five samples of different elemental composition and a reference were produced and characterised by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), Rutherford backscattering (RBS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as reference values. Last year, a new and open-source thin film evaluation programme called BadgerFilm has been released. It can also be used to determine thin film composition and thickness from intensity ratios of the unknown sample and standards (k-ratios). In this contribution, we reevaluated the data acquired for the Fe-Ni and Si-Ge systems using the BadgerFilm software package and compared the obtained elemental compositions and thickness values with the results of the Stratagem software and the reference methods. The conclusion is that the BadgerFilm software shows good agreement with the elemental composition and thickness calculated by Stratagem (mostly &lt;2% for both composition and thickness) and with the reference values for two representative thin film systems (&lt;1%–2% for composition and &lt;10%–20% for thickness).</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Surface and Interface Analysis</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0142-2421</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/sia.7183</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-576368</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">12.06.2023</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>R. Terborg</author>
    <author>K. J. Kim</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Elemental composition</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>EPMA</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Film thickness</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thin films</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/57636/SurfInterfAnal_2023_Terborg_Kim_Hodoroaba_CompoThinFilmsByEMPA.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59545</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>5</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>report</type>
    <publisherName>Zenodo</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Geneva</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Report on the homogeneity assessment of bimodal gold materials (nPSize1 and nPSize2) and particle number concentration by frequency method</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The main objective was to assess homogeneity of two bimodal gold materials, namely nPsize1 and nPSize2, containing approximately 1:1 and 10:1 particle number-based ratio of ~30nm and ~60nm particles. Particle number-based concentration within the two size fractions was determined with spICP-MS using the particle frequency method of calibration.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Community EMPIR Project 17NRM04 nPSize (Improved traceability chain of nanoparticle size measurements)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.5281/zenodo.10654245</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-595451</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Dorota Bartczack</author>
    <author>Olivier Taché</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanoparticles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Homogeneity</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Particle number concentration</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gold</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>nPSize</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/59545/A243_Report_Part3_LGC_BMG_particle_number_and_homogeneity.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65061</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>S281</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>S282</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>411</volume>
    <type>article</type>
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    <title language="eng">Knowledge Infrastructure supporting image-based characterisation of 2D graphene materials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">As part of the European Horizon ACCORDs project, advanced methods are being developed for the image-based characterisation of 2D nanomaterials. Given the complexity of this task, robust  nd wellorganised data management is critical to ensuring high-quality outcomes. To support this, we have established a knowledge infrastructure that serves as the central repository for protocols, images and experimental data which are stored in a standardised, harmonised manner and in accordance with the FAIR principles – Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable and open science. This machine-readable framework enables the systematic and computationally automated correlation of image features with experimental descriptors, facilitating accurate material characterisation and transparent reporting which is all integrated in the ACCORDs KI.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Toxicology Letters</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0378-4274</identifier>
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    <author>P. P. Ankli</author>
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    <author>R. Bugiel</author>
    <author>D. Drobne</author>
    <author>S. Novak</author>
    <author>E. Kranjc</author>
    <author>S. Saje</author>
    <author>F. Pellegrino</author>
    <author>E. Alladio</author>
    <author>F. Sordello</author>
    <author>E. Corrao</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Paul Mrkwitschka</author>
    <author>Loay Akmaal Madbouly</author>
    <author>Yücel Akdemir</author>
    <author>M. Gulumian</author>
    <author>V. Wepener</author>
    <author>C. Andraos</author>
    <author>K. Boodhia</author>
    <author>E. Jones</author>
    <author>A. Doolin</author>
    <author>K. Leuchtenberg</author>
    <author>E. Valsami Jones</author>
    <author>C. Rocca</author>
    <author>B. Ibrahim</author>
    <author>D. Singh</author>
    <author>S. Chakraborty</author>
    <author>K. Jurkschat</author>
    <author>C. Johnston</author>
    <author>M. Van Der Zande</author>
    <author>D. Fernandez</author>
    <author>P. Queipo</author>
    <author>C. Clifford</author>
    <author>B. Hardy</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Graphene-related 2D materials (GR2M)</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>2D materials</value>
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      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Knowledge infrastructure</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Characterisation</value>
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    <title language="eng">Other than spherical/monodisperse Towards real world NPs as candidate reference materials for traceable size measurements</title>
    <abstract language="eng">By far most of the current nanoparticle (NP) research is dealing with (quasi-) spherical and/or monodisperse particles. However, many NPs used in industrial applications are rather aspherical and polydisperse. This inhomogeneity considerably hampers their characterization and, particularly, the accurate determination of the nanoparticle size. In order to overcome this problem and to promote the availability of standardized size measurement methods, it is crucial to develop and establish (candidate) reference materials with inhomogeneous size (distribution), aspherical shape as well as agglomerated or aggregated particles.&#13;
Therefore, a new set of NPs including Au-, SiO2 , and TiO2-particles is investigated. The range of properties comprises polydisperse spherical, bimodal spherical, rod-like, acicular, bipyramidal, sheet-like as well as cubic NPs. With respect to a good traceability of the measurements, size and size distributions of the candidate reference materials are determined using microscopic methods like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy in transmission mode (STEM-in-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) as well as small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) as an ensemble technique. The development of protocols for sample preparation is of particular importance to obtain a homogeneous dispersion of the NPs on a substrate. Further, approaches for signal modelling for all the methods above are being developed. The initiation of two VAMAS (www.vamas.org/twa34/index.html) inter-laboratory comparisons on bipyramidal titania and bimodal silica with different modal concentration ratios will be also highlighted.</abstract>
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    <subject>
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      <value>Particle size distribution</value>
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      <value>Imaging</value>
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      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Traceability</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Reference material</value>
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    <title language="eng">EMPIR nPSize - Improved Traceability Chain of Nanoparticle Size Measurement; What nPSize can offer to CEN/TC 352?</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The main outcomes of the EMPIR project nPSize are presented and the suitability of the new capabilities (e.g. reference materials, measurement procedures, inter-laboratory comparisons) as pertinent contributions to normative projects within CEN/TC 352 Nanotechnologies are discussed. E.g. the first technical report of nPSize on full algorithm sequences for nanoparticle detection and size measurement as developed on both a physical basis (SEM, TSEM, AFM and SAXS) and by machine learning is put at disposal.</abstract>
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    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
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    <title language="eng">Reliable physico–chemical characterisation of graphene-related and other 2D materials: present and future</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In the path of commercialisation of graphene-related and other 2D materials the consolidation has begun. In this phase, it is important to build trust between the individual partners in the product value chain. This requires trustworthy statements based on reliable and reproducible material characterisation. The first steps have been taken to measure graphene and other related 2D materials (GR2Ms) under well-defined conditions. Measurands and protocols for key methods were made available for this purpose. But there are still some challenges to overcome such as (i) reference materials, (ii) reference data, (iii) reproducibility throughout the workflow, (iv) credible structure-activity relationships, bringing the standards to (v) the factory floor and to (vi) real-word products. In addition, 2D materials beyond graphene should also be considered exploiting the knowledge gained from the characterisation of GR2M.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">XPS–SEM/EDS Tandem Analysis for the Elemental Composition of Functionalized Graphene Nanoplatelets</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Over the past decade, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has advanced to enable the accurate analysis of light elements such as C, N, or O. For this reason, EDS is becoming increasingly interesting as an analytical method for the elemental analysis of functionalized graphene and could be an attractive alternative to Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which is considered the most important method for elemental analysis. In this study, comparative XPS and EDS investigations under different excitation conditions are carried out on commercially available powders containing graphene particles with different morphologies. The slightly different XPS/HAXPES and EDS results can be explained by the different information depths of the methods and the functionalization of the particle surfaces. For the material with smaller graphene particles and higher O/C ratios, all methods reported a lower O/C ratio in pellets compared with the unpressed powder samples. This clearly shows that sample preparation has a significant influence on the quantification results, especially for such a type of morphology. Overall, the study demonstrates that EDS is a reliable and fast alternative to XPS for the elemental quantification of functionalized graphene particles, provided that differences in the information depth are taken into account. Particle morphology can be examined in parallel with quantitative element analysis, since EDS spectrometers are typically coupled with SEM, which are available in a huge number of analytical laboratories.</abstract>
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    <author>Giovanni Chemello</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
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      <value>XPS/HAXPES</value>
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    <title language="eng">Morphological Characterization and Chemical Identification of TiO2 Nanoparticles Doped with Ultrafine Metal Particles for Enhanced Photocatalytical Activity</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The conversion of solar energy into electricity and solar fuels is of crucial importance for a green and sustainable future. Water splitting using semiconductor photo-catalysts is considered a sustainable method to produce clean hydrogen (H2) fuel. Nevertheless, H2 photo-production efficiency remains still low, although extensive research works to understand better the mechanisms of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) and the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) are being carried out. In this respect, TiO2 is a key photoactive material, usually employed with a co-catalyst deposited onto the surface to enhance charge carriers’ separation and catalyze surface charge transfer reactions. The deposition of a co-catalyst on the TiO2 nanoparticle surface represents one successful way to enhance the activity of the photocatalyst through a modification of its surface and redox properties. In this context, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy coupled with elemental analysis by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) is fundamental for studying and understanding the effect of the nanoparticle morphology on the functional properties of shape-controlled TiO2 crystals (bipyramides, platelets, and elongated particles). Different types of metal-semiconductor combinations, TiO2 shapes and dopant metals (Ag, Pt, etc) and metal concentrations will be discussed.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Microscopy and Microanalysis</parentTitle>
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    <author>Francesco Pellegrino</author>
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    <title language="eng">Report ISO/TC202/WG4 X-Ray Spectroscopy, Liaisons with VAMAS and ISO/TC229 Nanotechnologies</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The presentation is structured in the following three parts:&#13;
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ii) Liaison activities between ISO/TC202 Microbeam Anaylsis and VAMAS/TWA34 Quantitative Microstructural Analysis, and&#13;
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Most relevant projects are highlighted for information and further discussions. New initiatives and better promotion of strategic projects are addressed.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">EMPIR nPSize - Improved Traceability Chain of Nanoparticle Size Measurement; nPSize offer after 2 Ys</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The main outcomes of the EMPIR project nPSize are presented and the suitability of the new capabilities (e.g. reference materials, measurement procedures, VAMAS inter-laboratory comparisons) to be standardized and implemented in accredited analytical laboratories is discussed.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">Morpho-Chemical Characterisation of Me-TiO2 Nanoparticles for Enhanced Photocatalytical Activity</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The conversion of solar energy into electricity and solar fuels is of crucial importance for a green and sustainable future. Water splitting using semiconductor photo-catalysts is considered a sustainable method to produce clean hydrogen (H2) fuel. Nevertheless, H2 photo-production efficiency remains still low, although extensive research works to understand better the mechanisms of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) and the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) are being carried out. In this respect, TiO2 is a key photoactive material, usually employed with a co-catalyst deposited onto the surface to enhance charge carriers’ separation and catalyze surface charge transfer reactions. The deposition of a co-catalyst on the TiO2 nanoparticle surface represents one successful way to enhance the activity of the photocatalyst through a modification of its surface and redox properties. In this context, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy coupled with elemental analysis by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) is fundamental for studying and understanding the effect of the nanoparticle morphology on the functional properties of shape-controlled TiO2 crystals (bipyramides, platelets, and elongated particles). Different types of metal-semiconductor combinations, TiO2 shapes and dopant metals (Ag, Pt, etc) and metal concentrations will be discussed.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">ECASIA 2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Limerick, Ireland</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">29.05.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">03.06.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Titania nanoparticles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Photocatalysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Scanning electron microscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>63792</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>531</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>532</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>7</issue>
    <volume>31</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Oxford Aacademic</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Standardized Chemical Composition Analysis of Graphene Oxide Flakes with SEM/EDS and XPS Works Reliably</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Suspensions of graphene-related 2D materials (GR2M) are broadly used for further applications like printable electronics. The reliable quantification of the composition of graphene-related 2D materials as liquid suspensions is still a challenging task, which can hinder the commercialisation of the products. Specific parameters to be measured are defined, e.g. the oxygen-to-carbon (O/C) concentration ratio, the trace metal impurities, or the functional groups present, but reference protocols are still missing. One of the central methods for the quantification is X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as a rather expensive method. Therefore, the development of cheaper alternatives is highly desired. One attractive alternative of XPS is energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) which is usually coupled with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This combination is one of the most widely used methods in analytical laboratories. In this contribution the results of a systematic study on the capability of SEM/EDS to reliably quantify the O/C ratio in a well-defined and well-characterized graphene oxide material are presented. The robustness of the SEM/EDS results obtained at various measurement conditions (various excitation energies) is tested by comparing the results to the established XPS analysis, which has been carried out on the same samples.&#13;
It is demonstrated that for samples prepared by drop-casting on a substrate, both surface-sensitive XPS analysis and bulk-characterising EDS result in very similar elemental composition of oxygen and carbon for thick spots. Further, the effect of untight deposited material enabling co-analysis of the (silicon) substrate, is evaluated for both methods, XPS and EDS. The last results clearly show the influence of the substrate on the analysis of the results and stressed out the importance of the sample preparation.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Microscopy and Microanalysis</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1093/mam/ozaf048.267</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Paul Mrkwitschka</author>
    <author>Mario Sahre</author>
    <author>Amaia Zurutuza</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>EDS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Light elements</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>XPS/HAXPES</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Graphene oxide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Quantification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Standardisation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54039</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Advanced Characterization of the Surface Morphology and Chemistry within nano@BAM</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Both essential aspects of the surface of solid matter, its morphology and chemistry, are studied traditionally at BAM starting in the 60’s with different cyclical research focus areas, mostly related either to applicative research or method development. In the recent years, the focus has shifted almost exclusively to the nano-analytics of advanced materials such as complex nanoparticles, (ultra)thin films/coatings, nanocomposites, 2D materials, energy materials, etc. This is also the reason why BAM has established recently the new Competence Center nano@BAM (www.bam.de/Navigation/DE/Themen/Material/Nanotechnologie/sichere-nanomaterialien.html) with the five sub-fields nanoCharacterisation, nanoMaterial, nanoSafety, nanoData and nanoTechnology. The link to the BAM central guidelines to the safety in technology and chemistry is given by the development of reference products such as reference measurement procedures, reference (nano)materials, and newly reference data sets. Thus, an internationally well-networked group in surface analysis has been established @BAM, with regular contributions to integral analytical characterization with metrological and standardization background.&#13;
Examples of newly developed methodical approaches will be given with an emphasis on correlative nano-analysis of morphology and chemistry of nanomaterials. Correlative imaging by STEM-in-SEM with high-resolution SEM and EDX, and further with AFM or the new technique TKD (Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction) will be explained on various examples of nanostructures, both as starting materials and embedded/functionalized nanoparticles in products. The unique analytical benefits of the Auger electron probe as a veritable nano-tool for surface chemistry will be highlighted. The panoply of advanced surface characterization methods @BAM is completed by discussing examples of hybrid analysis of the bulk of nanomaterials by X-ray Spectroscopy with the highest surface-sensitive methods X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Particularly for the analysis of the surface chemistry of nanostructures, such as the completeness of the shells of core-shell nanoparticles or in-depth and lateral gradients of chemistry within mesoporous thin layers, the latter methods are inherent.&#13;
Other special developments like approaches for the quantitative determination of the roughness of particle surface by electron microscopy or for the quantitative determination of the porosity of thin mesoporous layers by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) with SEM will be presented in conjunction with the corresponding advanced materials studied.&#13;
Current research projects, promising ideas, including ongoing (pre-)standardization activities in the field of the challenging nano/surface analysis will be touched systematically, with the open goal of identifying future bilateral cooperation possibilities between EMPA and BAM.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">EMPA-Kolloquium</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">01.12.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanoparticles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nano@BAM</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanomaterials</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface morphology and chemistry</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Correlative analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
  </doc>
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