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  <doc>
    <id>50324</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Plasma Fundamentals and Diagnostics</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This course will provide an introduction to plasma diagnostic techniques. The major focus of the course will be on the discussions of the practical procedures as well as the underlying physical principles for the measurements of plasma fundamental characteristics (e.g., temperatures, thermodynamic properties, and electron number density). Particular emphasis will be placed on inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectrometry, but other analytical plasmas will also be used as examples when appropriate. Selected examples on how one can manipulate the operating conditions of the plasma source, based on the results of plasma diagnostic measurements, to improve its performance used for spectrochemical analysis will also be covered. Topics to be covered include thermal equilibrium, line profiles, temperatures, electron densities, excitation processes, microreactions, pump and probe diagnostics, tomography, temporal and spatial resolution. Basis of plasma computer modeling will be presented.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Winter Plasma Conference</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Tucson, AZ, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">10.01.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">18.01.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermal equilibrium</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma processes</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electron number density</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Temperatures</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Emission line profiles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spatial information</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.9 Chemische und optische Sensorik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51420</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>105989</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>173</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier B. V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Review on recent advances in analytical applications of molecular emission and modelling</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The review mainly deals with two topics that became important in applications of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) in recent years: the emission of halogen- and rare-earth-containing molecules and selective excitation of molecules by molecular laser-induced fluorescence (MLIF). The first topic is related to the emission of alkaline-earth diatomic halides MX, M = Ca, Mg, Ba, Sr and X = F, Cl, Br, and I and rare-earth element (REE) oxides LaO, YO, and ScO. These molecules form in laser-induced plasma (LIP) soon after its ignition and persist for a long time, emitting broad bands in a visible part of the spectrum. They are best detected after relatively long delay times when emission from interfering plasma species (atoms and ions) has already been quenched. Such behavior of molecular spectra allows of using, for their detection, inexpensive CCD detectors equipped with simple electronic or mechanical shutters and low-resolution spectrometers. A main target for analysis by molecular spectroscopy is halogens; these elements are difficult to detect by atomic spectroscopy because their most intense atomic lines lie in the vacuum UV. Therefore, in many situations, emission from CaF and CaCl may provide a substantially more sensitive detection of F and Cl than emission from elemental F and Cl and their ions. This proved to be important in mining and concrete industries and even Mars exploration. A similar situation is observed for REEs; their detection by atomic spectroscopy sometimes fails even despite the abundance of atomic and ionic REEs' lines in the UV-VIS. For example, in minerals and rocks with low concentrations of REEs, emission from major and minor mineral elements hinders the weak emission from REEs. Many REEs do not form molecules that show strong emission bands in LIP but can still be detected with the aid of LIP. All REEs except La, Y, and Sc exhibit long-lived luminescence in solid matrices that is easily excited by LIP. The luminescence can be detected simultaneously with molecular emission of species in LIP within the same time and spectral window. The second topic is related to the combination of MLIF and LIBS, which is a technique that was proved to be efficient for analysis of isotopic molecules in LIP. For example, the characteristic spectral signals from isotopic molecules containing 10B and 11B are easier to detect with MLIF-LIBS than with laser ablation molecular isotopic spectrometry (LAMIS) because MLIF provides strong resonance excitation of only targeted isotopes. The technique is also very efficient in detection of halogen molecules although it requires an additional tunable laser that makes the experimental setup bulky and more expensive.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Spectrochimica Acta Part B</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.sab.2020.105989</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">17.12.2020</enrichment>
    <author>M. Gaft</author>
    <author>L. Nagli</author>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <author>Y. Raichlin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma induced luminescence</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Molecular emission</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser induced plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Molecular analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.9 Chemische und optische Sensorik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemische Charakterisierung und Spurenanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55669</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">A Long Way of Plasma Modeling: Personal Experience</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Modeling is an important tool for understanding a physical phenomenon. It helps to interpret results of experiments and optimize experimental parameters for obtaining a desirable result. Modeling laser induced plasma is beneficial for many scientific and industrial fields, e.g., analytical chemistry, pulsed laser deposition, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, laser welding, additive manufacturing etc. In this presentation, a personal experience in development of a physical model of laser induced plasma will be given in a chronological sequence starting from early 2000th and until now. &#13;
Over the time, the model evolved from its simple analytical form that described plasma emission spectra to its current numerical form that describes plasma dynamics, chemistry, and interaction with a substrate surface. Several examples will be given for the application of the model to practical problems such as spectroscopic chemical analysis, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, and surface modification by laser ablation.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">XII World Conference on Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Bari, Italy</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">05.09.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">09.09.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser induced plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CFD computational fluid dynamic</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma chemistry</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.3 Instrumentelle Analytik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55166</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Modeling, Diagnostics and Applications of Laser Induced Plasma</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Laser-induced plasmas are widely used in many areas of science and technology; examples include spectrochemical analysis, thin film deposition, and material processing. Several topics will be addressed. First, general phenomenology of laser-induced plasmas will be discussed. Then, a chemical model will be presented based on a coupled solution of Navier-Stokes, state, radiative transfer, material transport, and chemical equations. Results of computer simulations for several chemical systems will be shown and compared to experimental observations obtained by optical imaging, spectroscopy,  and tomography. The latter diagnostic tools will also be briefly discussed. Finally, a prospective application of laser-induced plasma and plasma modeling will be illustrated on the example of chemical vapor deposition of molybdenum borides and micro processing and coating of titanium dental implants.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">University of Saragossa, Department of Chemistry</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Saragossa, Spain</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">June 30, 2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser ablation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser induced plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma diagnostics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface coating</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.3 Instrumentelle Analytik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55969</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Back Deposition of Titanium Oxides under Laser Ablation of Titanium:  Simulation and Experiment</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Titanium is widely used in medicine for implants and prostheses, thanks to its high biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, and high corrosion resistance. Pure titanium, however, has low wear resistance and may release metallic titanium into surrounding tissues. Structuring and coating its surface with oxide layers are necessary for high wear resistance and improved biocompatibility. In this work, a combination of theoretical and experimental methods was used to study processes responsible for deposition of titanium oxides during ablation of titanium in air.      &#13;
The deposition process was modeled via the Navier-Stokes equations that accounted for the material removal and accumulation of the deposit on the ablation surface. The chemical part was based on the equilibrium model embedded into the hydrodynamic code. Simulations showed that the most active zone of production of condensed titanium oxides were at plasma periphery whereas a zone of strong condensation of titanium metal was above the molten pool. &#13;
In experiment, a pulsed Yb fiber laser was scanned across a titanium surface. The temperature and composition of the plasma were inferred from plasma emission spectra. The post-ablation surface was analyzed by SEM, TEM, STEM, AFM, and XRD. &#13;
The developed model well reproduced the main features of experimental data. It was concluded that the deposition of condensed metal oxides from the plasma is a principal mechanism of formation of nanoporous oxide layer on the metal surface. The method of surface structuring and modification by nanosecond laser ablation can be developed into a useful technology that may find applications in medicine, photonics, and other areas.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">SciX 2022, The Federation of Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy Societies (FACSS)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Cincinnati, OH, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">02.10.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">07.10.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface coating</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser ablation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.3 Instrumentelle Analytik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>58591</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Improved Data Processing for Accurate Plasma Diagnostics and Calibration-Free LIBS</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Many applications of LIBS require the measurement of plasma temperature and electron density, which in turn requires knowledge of the integrated line intensity and the shape of the spectral lines. While the integral intensity is preserved as light passes through the spectrometer, the shape emitted by an individual atom or ion is greatly distorted. This is due, firstly, to the transfer of light through the plasma (self-absorption), secondly, to the influence of the instrumental function of the spectrometer, and, thirdly, to the aberrations of the optical system. In addition, processing of spectral information, such as background removal, noise reduction, deconvolution, and line fitting, introduces additional errors in the reconstructed linewidth and line integral, which leads to erroneous temperature and electron density values.&#13;
This communication will be devoted to the general shortcomings of spectral data processing and the resulting inaccuracies in determining the plasma parameters. The analysis is based on the use of synthetic spectra generated by plasma with known temperature and particle density. The estimation of errors caused by inadequate processing of the spectral data is made by comparing the initial and determined plasma parameters. As a result, an improved data processing method will be proposed that takes into account the spectrum distortion by the instrumental function and integration on the pixel detector. The former is accounted for by convolution (instead of deconvolution) of the estimated line profile using a predetermined slit function, and the latter is achieved by piecewise integration of the line profile by the pixel detector, taking into account the pixel size and uniform or non-uniform pixel separation. Recommendations will be made for which analytic function best approximates the observed spectral lines and examples will be given for the application of this routine to calibration-free LIBS using both synthetic and experimental data.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">SciX 2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Sparks, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">08.10.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">13.10.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser induced plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Calibration-free analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Emission spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.3 Instrumentelle Analytik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>58595</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Modeling laser-induced plasma in vacuum and low-pressure co2 atmosphere</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The aim of the project is to develop an adequate model of laser induced plasma for conditions expected in space missions, i.e., vacuum, or low-pressure CO2 atmosphere. Numerical modeling will help to find optimal experimental parameters for the laser ablation under artificial lunar or Martian environments and obtain both qualitative, in terms of a composition, and quantitative, in terms of an elemental abundance, information about interrogated samples based on spectral data generated by the model. The best operational conditions will be found at a low cost without conducting tedious and time-consuming optimization experiments. The modeling approaches will be supported by machine learning to accelerate the optimization.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Workshop on DFG project</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Brno, Czech Republic</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">10.08.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser induced plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CFD computational fluid dynamic</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.3 Instrumentelle Analytik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>38771</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>Article Number: 676</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>2016</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Applied Physics A, Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Anions in laser-induced plasmas</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The equation of state for plasmas containing negative atomic and molecular ions (anions) is modeled. The model is based on the assumption that all ionization processes and chemical reactions are at local thermal equilibrium and the Coulomb interaction in the plasma is described by the Debye–Hu¨ckel theory. In particular, the equation of state is obtained for plasmas containing the elements Ca, Cl, C, Si, N, and Ar. The equilibrium reaction constants are calculated using the latest experimental and ab initio data of spectroscopic constants for the molecules CaCl2, CaCl, Cl2, N2, C2, Si2 , CN, SiN, SiC, and their positive and negative ions. The model is applied to laserinduced plasmas (LIPs) by including the equation of state into a fluid dynamic numerical model based on the Navier–Stokes equations describing an expansion of LIP plumes into an ambient gas as a reactive viscous flow with radiative losses. In particular, the formation of anions Cl-, C-, Si-, Cl2, Si2, C2 , CN-, SiC-, and SiN- in LIPs is investigated in detail.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s00339-016-0175-8</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">22.12.2016</enrichment>
    <author>Sergej V. Shabanov</author>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>38774</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Modeling chemical reactions in laser induced plasmas</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Under the assumption of local thermal equilibrium, a numerical algorithm is proposed to find the equation of state for laser-induced plasmas (LIPs) in which chemical reactions are permitted in addition to ionization processes. The Coulomb interaction in plasma is accounted for by the Debye–Hückel method. The algorithm is used to calculate the equation of state for LIPs containing carbon, silicon, calcium, chlorine, nitrogen, and argon. The equilibrium reaction constants are calculated using the latest experimental and ab initio data of spectroscopic constants for the molecules N2, C2, Si2, CN, Cl2, SiN, SiC, CaCl, CaCl2 and their positive and (if existed) negative ions. The algorithm is incorporated into a fluid dynamic numerical model based on the Navier–Stokes equations describing an expansion of LIP plumes into an ambient gas. The dynamics of LIP plumes obtained by the ablation of SiC, CaCl2, solid silicon, or solid carbon in an ambient gas containing N2 and Ar is simulated to study formation of molecules and molecular ions. A particular attention is paid to formation of anions Cl−, Cl2−, Si2−, C2−, CN−, and SiN− in LIPs.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Winter Plasma Conference, January 8-13 2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Tucson, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">08.01.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>44274</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>127</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>129</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>415</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier B.V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Cascade generation in Al laser induced plasma</title>
    <abstract language="eng">We found cascade IR generation in Al laser induced plasma. This generation includes doublet transitions 3s25s 2S1∕2→ 3s24p 2P1∕2,3∕2 → 3s24s 2S1∕2; corresponding to strong lines at 2110 and 2117 nm, and much weaker lines at 1312–1315 nm. The 3s25s2S 1∕2 starting IR generation level is directly pumped from the 3s23p 2P3∕2 ground level. The starting level for UV generation at 396.2 nm (transitions 3s24s 2S1∕2 → 4p 2P3∕2) is populated due to the fast collisional processes in the plasma plume. These differences led to different time and special dependences on the lasing in the IR and UV spectral range within the aluminum laser induced plasma.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Optics Communications</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.optcom.2018.01.041</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">15.03.2018</enrichment>
    <author>L. Nagli</author>
    <author>M. Gaft</author>
    <author>Y. Raichlin</author>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma diagnostics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser induced plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>42287</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>190</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>205</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>204</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>New York, NY</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Geometrical effects in data collection and processing for calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Data processing in the calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is usually based on the solution of the radiative transfer equation along a particular line of sight through a plasma plume. The LIBS data processing is generalized to the case when the spectral data are collected from large portions of the plume. It is shown that by adjusting the optical depth and width of the lines the spectra obtained by collecting light from an entire spherical homogeneous plasma plume can be leastsquare fitted to a spectrum obtained by collecting the radiation just along a plume diameter with a relative error of 10−11 or smaller (for the optical depth not exceeding 0.3) so that a mismatch of geometries of data processing and data collection cannot be detected by fitting. Despite the existence of such a perfect least-square fit, the errors in the line optical depth and width found by a data processing with an inappropriate geometry can be large. It is shown with analytic and numerical examples that the corresponding relative errors in the found elemental number densities and concentrations may be as high as 50% and 20%, respectively. Safe for a few found exceptions, these errors are impossible to eliminate from LIBS data processing unless a proper solution of the radiative transfer equation corresponding to the ray tracing in the spectral data collection is used.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of quantitative spectroscopy and radiative transfer</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.jqsrt.2017.09.018</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0022-4073</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1879-1352</identifier>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <author>Sergej V. Shabanov</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>42294</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Hydrodynamic model of laser induced plasma including equilibrium chemistry</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Hydrodynamic model of laser induced plasma including plasma chemistry</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">6.07.2017, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">5.07.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">10.07.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>42295</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Predicting molecules in laser induced plasma based on equilibrium plasma model</title>
    <abstract language="eng">New development in modeling reactive flows in laser induced plasma</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">09.10.2017, SciX, Reno, NV, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Reno, NV, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">08.10.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">14.10.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser induced plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>43131</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>190</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>205</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>204</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Geometrical effects in data collection and processing for calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Data processing in the calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is usually based on the solution of the radiative transfer equation along a particular line of sight through a plasma plume. The LIBS data processing is generalized to the case when the spectral data are collected from large portions of the plume. It is shown that by adjusting the optical depth and width of the lines the spectra obtained by collecting light from an entire spherical homogeneous plasma plume can be least-square fitted to a spectrum obtained by collecting the radiation just along a plume diameter with a relative error of 10 −11 or smaller (for the optical depth not exceeding 0.3) so that a mismatch of geometries of data processing and data collection cannot be detected by fitting. Despite the existence of such a perfect least-square fit, the errors in the line optical depth and width found by a data processing with an inappropriate geometry can be large. It is shown with analytic and numerical examples that the corresponding relative errors in the found elemental number densities and concentrations may be as high as 50% and 20%, respectively. Safe for a few found exceptions, these errors are impossible to eliminate from LIBS data processing unless a proper solution of the radiative transfer equation corresponding to the ray tracing in the spectral data collection is used.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy &amp; Radiative Transfer</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.jqsrt.2017.09.018</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0022-4073</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1879-1352</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">01.12.2017</enrichment>
    <author>Sergej V. Shabanov</author>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser induced plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma diagnostics</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>46930</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Improved algorithm for calibration-free laser induced breakdown spectroscopy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">An improved algorithm for calibration-free laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF LIBS) will be presented which includes several novel features in comparison with previously proposed similar algorithms. In particular, it allows using spectral lines with arbitrary optical thickness for the construction of Saha-Boltzmann plots, retrieves the absorption path length (plasma diameter) directly from a spectrum, replaces the Lorentzian line profile function by the Voigt function, and allows for self-absorption correction using pre-calculated and tabulated data rather than approximating functions. The tabulated data embody the solutions of the radiative transfer equation for numerous combinations of optical thicknesses and line widths. The algorithm is thoroughly verified using synthetic spectra.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">LIBS 2018 at SciX 2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Atlanta, GA, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">21.10.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">26.10.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma diagnostics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser induced plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>45219</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>15962</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>15971</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>12</issue>
    <volume>26</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Laser-induced plasma imaging for low-pressure detection</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A novel technique based on laser induced plasma imaging is proposed to measure residual pressure in sealed containers with transparent walls, e.g. high voltage vacuum interrupter in this paper. The images of plasma plumes induced on a copper target at pressure of ambient air between 10−2Pa and 105Pa were acquired at delay times of 200ns, 400ns, 600ns and 800ns. All the plasma images at specific pressures and delay times showed a good repeatability. It was found that ambient gas pressure significantly affects plasma shape, plasma integral intensities and expansion dynamics. A subsection characteristic method was proposed to extract pressure values from plasma images. The method employed three metrics for identification of high, intermediate and low pressures: the distance between the target and plume center, the integral intensity of the plume, and the lateral size of the plume, correspondingly. The accuracy of the method was estimated to be within 15% of nominal values in the entire pressure range between 10−2Pa and 105Pa. The pressure values can be easily extracted from plasma images in the whole pressure range, thus making laser induced plasma imaging a promising technique for gauge-free pressure detection.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Optics Express</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1364/OE.26.015962</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1094-4087</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">03.07.2018</enrichment>
    <author>Huan Yuan</author>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <author>Ardian Gojani</author>
    <author>X. H. Wang</author>
    <author>Ming Zhe Rong</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser induced plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma diagnostics</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>45340</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>149</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>163</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>147</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier B.V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Extension and investigation by numerical simulations of algorithm for calibration-free laser induced breakdown spectroscopy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Accuracy of calibration-free (CF) methods in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) depends on experimental conditions and instrumental parameters that must match a CF LIBS model. Here, the numerical study is performed to investigate effects of various factors, such as the optical density, plasma uniformity, line overlap, noise, spectral resolution, electron density and path length on the results of CF-LIBS analyses. The effects are examined one-by-one using synthetic spectra of steel slag samples that fully comply with the mathematical model of the method. Also, the algorithm includes several new features in comparison with previously proposed CF algorithms. In particular, it removes limits on the optical thickness of spectral lines that are used for the construction of the Saha-Boltzmann plot; it retrieves the absorption path length (Plasma diameter) directly from spectral lines; it uses the more realistic Voigt line profile function instead of the Lorentzian function; and it employs the pre-calculated and tabulated thin-to-thick line ratios instead of approximating functions for selfabsorption correction.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Spectrochimica Acta Part B</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.sab.2018.06.011</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0584-8547</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">04.10.2018</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <author>Tobias Völker</author>
    <author>Alexander Ya. Kazakov</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser induced plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma diagnostics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Calibration free LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>45343</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Improved algorithm for calibration-free laser induced breakdown spectroscopy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">An improved algorithm for calibration-free laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF LIBS) is presented which includes several novel features in comparison with previously proposed similar algorithms. In particular, it allows using spectral lines with arbitrary optical thickness for the construction of Saha-Boltzmann plots, retrieves the absorption path length (plasma diameter) directly from a spectrum, replaces the Lorentzian line profile function by the Voigt function, and allows for self-absorption correction using pre-calculated and tabulated data rather than approximating functions. The tabulated data embody the solutions of the radiative transfer equation for numerous combinations of optical thicknesses and line widths. The algorithm is thoroughly verified with synthetic spectra.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">14TH European Workshop on Laser Ablation 2018 (EWLA2018)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Pau, France</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">June 26 - 29, 2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser induced plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma diagnostics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Calibration free LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>45344</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Laser induced plasma: Modeling, diagnostics, and applications</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Laser-induced plasmas are widely used in many areas of science and technology; examples include spectrochemical analysis, thin film deposition, material processing, and even jet propulsion. Several topics will be addressed. First, general phenomenology of laser-induced plasmas will be discussed. Then, a chemical model will be presented based on a coupled solution of Navier-Stokes, state, radiative transfer, material transport, and chemical (Guldberg-Waage) equations. Results of computer simulations for several chemical systems will be shown and compared to experimental observations obtained by optical imaging, spectroscopy,  and tomography. The latter diagnostic tools will also be briefly discussed. Finally, a prospective application of laser-induced plasma and plasma modeling will be illustrated on the example of calibration-free MC LIBS (Monte Carlo Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy), in which concentrations of elements in materials are found by fitting model-generated and experimental spectra.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Invited talk at Yeshiva University, New York, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Yeshiva University, New York, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">4.24.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser induced plasma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma diagnostics</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>46108</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Plasma fundamentals and diagnostics</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This course will provide an introduction to plasma diagnostic techniques. The major focus of the course will be on the discussions of the practical procedures as well as the underlying physical principles for the measurements of plasma fundamental characteristics (e.g., temperatures, thermodynamic properties, and electron number density). Particular emphasis will be placed on inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectrometry, but other analytical plasmas will also be used as examples when appropriate. Selected examples on how one can manipulate the operating conditions of the plasma source, based on the results of plasma diagnostic measurements, to improve its performance used for spectrochemical analysis will also be covered. Topics to be covered include thermal equilibrium, line profiles, temperatures, electron densities, excitation processes, microreactions, pump and probe diagnostics, tomography, temporal and spatial resolution. Basics of plasma computer modeling will be presented.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">03.-06. September 2018, 13 Symposium "Massenspektrometrische Verfahren der Elementspurenanalyze", BAM, Berlin, Adlershof</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">BAM, Berlin, Adlershof, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">03.09.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Igor B. Gornushkin</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermal equilibrium</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma processes</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electron number density</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Temperatures</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Emission line profiles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spatial information</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
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