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  <doc>
    <id>61306</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>138</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>146</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Deutscher Ausschuss für Stahlbeton (DAfStb)</creatingCorporation>
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    <title language="deu">In situ Prozessüberwachung und Qualitätskontrolle bei der additiven Fertigung von Betonbauteilen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">In der additiven Fertigung von Beton wird kontinuierlich Material gemischt und verarbeitet. Dies erfordert eine kontinuierliche in situ Prozessüberwachung und Qualitätskontrolle. An der BAM wurde ein 3D-Betondrucker aufgebaut, der eine umfängliche Prozessüberwachung ermöglicht. Druck-, Temperatur- und Feuchtesensoren in der Pumpe und im Fördersystem erlauben ein kontinuierliches Monitoring des Frischbetons, während ein Laserlinienscanner am Druckkopf unmittelbar die gedruckte Ist-Kontur verfolgt. Die so gewonnenen Daten können Grundlage für die Erarbeitung von Normen für die additive Fertigung von Betonbauteilen sein und somit deren Standsicherheit gewährleisten.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM - Beiträge zum 63. Forschungskolloquium Green Intelligent Building am 16. und 17. Oktober 2024</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-9818564-7-7</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613064</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building</enrichment>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Christoph Strangfeld</author>
    <author>Eric Schönsee</author>
    <author>Olubunmi Anthony Jeyifous</author>
    <author>Morteza Izanlu</author>
    <author>Götz Hüsken</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>In situ</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Prozessüberwachung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive Fertigung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Betonbauteil</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Eigenverlag BAM</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
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    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Green Intelligent Building</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/61306/3.3_Block_3_03_Strangfeld.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>61302</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>132</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>137</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Deutscher Ausschuss für Stahlbeton (DAfStb)</creatingCorporation>
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    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
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    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Modellierung und Simulation von 3D Betondruck – Design- und Prozessoptimierung</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der 3D Betondruck ermöglicht die effiziente und ressourcenschonendere Herstellung maßgeschneiderter Betonstrukturen. Trotz des großen Potentials gibt es bisher keine einheitlichen Normen und Standards für den sicheren und robusten 3D Betondruck. Der Beitrag zeigt das Potential numerischer Methoden und Modelle zur effizienten und ressourcenschonenden Design- und Prozessoptimierung des 3D Betondrucks. Dazu werden die aktuellen Forschungsarbeiten im Bereich der Entwicklung robuster und zuverlässiger numerischer Zwillinge, geeigneter Optimierungstools sowie digitaler Workflows diskutiert.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM - Beiträge zum 63. Forschungskolloquium Green Intelligent Building am 16. und 17. Oktober 2024</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-9818564-7-7</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613023</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM Green Intelligent Building</enrichment>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Annika Robens-Radermacher</author>
    <author> Saif-Ur-Rehman</author>
    <author>Christoph Wolf</author>
    <author>Cezary Kujath</author>
    <author>Yuxiang He</author>
    <author>Alexander Mezhof</author>
    <author>Götz Hüsken</author>
    <author>Olubunmi Anthony Jeyifous</author>
    <author>Jörg F. Unger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Modellierung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Simulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>3D Betondruck</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Designoptimierung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Prozessoptimierung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Eigenverlag BAM</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.7 Modellierung und Simulation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Green Intelligent Building</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/61302/3.2_Block_3_02_Robens.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>61304</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>126</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>131</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Deutscher Ausschuss für Stahlbeton (DAfStb)</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Beitrag zur Beurteilung der Wiederholbarkeit additiv gedruckter Betonbauteile</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die additive Fertigung von Betonbauteilen, auch bekannt als 3D-Betondruck, ist eine Technologie, die im letzten Jahrzehnt aufgrund ihrer finanziellen und ökologischen Vorteile als nachhaltige Fertigungstechnologie viel Aufmerksamkeit erhalten hat. Obwohl die Vorteile der additiven Fertigung bereits durch zahlreiche Forschungs- und Demonstrationsprojekte gezeigt wurden, ist die Qualitätskontrolle während des Druckens äußerst anspruchsvoll und wird auch aufgrund fehlender harmonisierter Normen kaum angewendet. Aufgrund des kontinuierlichen Mischprozesses beim 3D-Betondruck ist es unmöglich Schwankungen des Trockenmörtels oder des Wassergehalts auszuschließen. Daher ist eine einzelne Stichprobe nicht mehr repräsentativ für das gesamte Bauteil und ein während des Druckens in einer Schicht auftretender Fehler kann die Integrität der gesamten Struktur beeinträchtigen. In diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse eines als Fachwerkstruktur konzipierten Bogens, der unter vergleichbaren Randbedingungen mehrmals mit einem 3D-Betonextrusionsdrucker gedruckt wurde, vorgestellt. Jeder Bogen wurde auf seine mechanische Festigkeit und sein Tragverhalten geprüft. Die Ergebnisse der mechanischen Prüfungen der gedruckten Bögen werden mit Materialdaten aus klassischen Materialprüfungen verglichen und hinsichtlich ihrer statistischen Signifikanz diskutiert.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">11. Jahrestagung des DAfStb mit 63. Forschungskolloquium der BAM - Beiträge zum 63. Forschungskolloquium Green Intelligent Building am 16. und 17. Oktober 2024</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-9818564-7-7</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-613043</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Götz Hüsken</author>
    <author>Olubunmi Anthony Jeyifous</author>
    <author>Eric Schönsee</author>
    <author>Christoph Strangfeld</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additiv gedrucktes Betonbauteil</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Beurteilung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wiederholbarkeit</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.4 Baustofftechnologie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
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    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Green Intelligent Building</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/61304/3.1_Block_3_01_Huesken.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>61001</id>
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    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>3</pageLast>
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    <title language="eng">Investigations on multi-sensor data for monitoring volume flow during the printing process</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Extrusion based 3D concrete printing (3DCP) is a growing technology because of its high potential for automating construction and the new possibilities of design. In conventional construction methods, a sample is taken to be representative for one material batch. However, in 3DCP continuous mixing is used which results in variations during the mixing process. Therefore, one sample is not representative for the entire structure. This leads to the necessity of continuous and real-time process monitoring.&#13;
This study focuses on the variations of pressure and temperature which are caused by changes in the material due to the ongoing mixing process. Changes in material, which is transported downstream, are influencing sensor signals in different positions with a time delay. In the following, the data is analysed to investigate if the changing material and the so caused change in pressure can be used to calculate volume flow.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Digital Concrete 2024 - Supplementary Proceedings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.24355/dbbs.084-202408151304-0</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:gbv:084-2024081513042</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Digital Concrete 2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Munich, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">04.09.2024</enrichment>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-SA - Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Eric Schönsee</author>
    <author>Olubunmi Anthony Jeyifous</author>
    <author>Christoph Strangfeld</author>
    <author>Götz Hüsken</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>In-line Monitoring</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Volume Flow</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process Control</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.4 Baustofftechnologie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
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    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Leichtbau</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>61101</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>9</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>TU Braunschweig</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
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    <title language="eng">An assessment of the repeatability of 3D printed concrete structures</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Additive manufacturing of concrete structures, also known as 3D concrete printing, is a technology that received a lot of attention over the past decade due to its financial an ecological advantage as sustainable construction technology. Although several techniques and approaches demonstrate these advantages, quality control during printing is highly challenging and rarely applied and harmonized standards are not existing. Due to the continuous mixing process used in 3D concrete printing, it is impossible to exclude variations in the dry mixture or water content, and a single test sample is insufficient to be representative for the whole structure. A defect in one layer during the printing can affect the entire integrity of the whole structure. This study shows the results of an arch designed as framework structure that was printed multiple times under the same boundary conditions using an extrusion-based 3D concrete printer. Each arch was tested for its mechanical strength and load bearing behavior. The results of the mechanical testing of the printed arches are compared with material data obtained by classical tests and discussed regarding their statistical significance.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Digital Concrete 2024 - Supplementary Proceedings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.24355/dbbs.084-202408150641-0</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-611012</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Digital Concrete 2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Munich, Germany</enrichment>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Götz Hüsken</author>
    <author>Olubunmi Anthony Jeyifous</author>
    <author>Eric Schönsee</author>
    <author>Christoph Strangfeld</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>3D concrete printing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Repeatability</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Monitoring</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process control</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Quality control</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7 Bauwerkssicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">7.4 Baustofftechnologie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Green Intelligent Building</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/61101/Huesken_et_al-An_assessment_of_the_repeatability_of_3D_printed_concrete_structures.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>61534</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>127</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>133</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Correlation of continuously measured in-line process parameters and extruded geometry in 3D concrete printing  experiments</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Additive manufacturing of concrete structures is a novel and emerging tech-nology. Free contouring in civil engineering, which allows for entirely new designs, is a significant advantage. Although several techniques and ap-proaches demonstrate these advantages, quality control during printing is highly challenging and rarely applied. Due to the continuous mixing process used in 3D concrete printing, it is impossible to exclude variations in the dry mixture or water content, and a single test sample is insufficient to represent the whole structure. A defect in one layer during printing can affect the in-tegrity of the entire structure. Therefore, continuous and real-time process monitoring is required to record and document the printing process.&#13;
&#13;
At the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), a test rig for 3D concrete printing was developed to monitor the properties during the printing process. This study investigates the relationship between geometric accuracy and process parameters (pressure, pump torque, print speed, layer height, water content) in extrusion-based 3D concrete printing. Using a high-precision laser scanner, the geometric measurements of printed concrete ele-ments are evaluated in real-time. The concrete elements are printed under controlled conditions with varied process parameters. Preliminary findings indicate a significant correlation between process variables and geometric ac-curacy.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">DC 2024, RILEM Bookseries 53</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/978-3-031-70031-6_15</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Fourth RILEM International Conference on Concrete and Digital Fabrication</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Munich, Germany</enrichment>
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    <author>Olubunmi Anthony Jeyifous</author>
    <author>Eric Schönsee</author>
    <author>Christoph Strangfeld</author>
    <author>Götz Hüsken</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>3D concrete printing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Geometric accuracy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process monitoring</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Quality control</value>
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    <title language="eng">Investigating the impact of material rheology on geometric accuracy  in 3D concrete printing using real-time monitoring</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Additive manufacturing of concrete structures is an innovative and rapidly advancing technology. One of its key advantages is the ability to achieve freeform designs in civil engineering, enabling entirely new architectural possibilities. However, despite the demonstrated benefits of this technology, maintaining consistent print quality during the printing process remains a significant challenge and is seldom implemented. The continuous mixing process inherent in 3D concrete printing introduces potential variations in the dry mix composition or water content, making a single test sample insufficient to represent the entire structure. Moreover, defects in a single layer can compromise the integrity of the whole structure. This underscores the need for continuous, real-time monitoring to document and ensure the quality of the printing process.&#13;
At the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und  prüfung (BAM), a 3D concrete printer was developed to enable real-time non-destructive monitoring of material properties during the printing process. This study examines the impact of rheological variations, influenced by water content variations, on the geometric characteristics of printed elements. Geometric measurements are captured in real time using a high-precision laser scanner. Concrete elements are printed under controlled conditions with systematically varied process parameters. Preliminary results reveal a strong correlation between rheological behaviour and the geometric properties of the printed components.</abstract>
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    <author>Olubunmi Anthony Jeyifous</author>
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    <author>Götz Hüsken</author>
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    <title language="eng">Calculating rheological properties of fresh mortar for additive manufacturing based on experimental, multi-sensor data</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Additive manufacturing of concrete structures is a novel and emerging technology. Freecontouring in civil engineering, which allows for entirely new designs, is a significant advantage. Inthe future, lower construction costs are expected with increased construction speeds and decreasingrequired materials and workers. However, architects and civil engineers rely on a certain quality ofexecution to fulfil construction standards. Although several techniques and approaches demonstratethe advantages, quality control during printing is highly challenging and rarely applied. Due to thecontinuous mixing process commonly used in 3D concrete printing, it is impossible to exclude varia-tions in the dry mixture or water content, and a test sample cannot be taken as a representative samplefor the whole structure. Although mortar properties vary only locally, a defect in one layer duringprinting could affect the entire integrity of the whole structure . Therefore, real-time process monitor-ing is required to record and document the printing process.At the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) a new test rig for the additive man-ufacturing of concrete is built. The primary purpose is measuring and monitoring the properties of amortar during the printing process.The following study investigates an approach for calculating yield stress and plastic viscosity based onexperimentally recorded pressure data. The calculations assume that fresh mortar behaves as a Bing-ham fluid and that the Buckingham-Reiner-equation is applicable. A test setup consisting of rigid pipeswith integrated pressure sensors at different positions is utilized.Monitoring the printing process with different sensors is crucial for the quality control of an ongoingprocess.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Advances in science and technology</parentTitle>
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    <author>Eric Schönsee</author>
    <author>Götz Hüsken</author>
    <author>Olubunmi Anthony Jeyifous</author>
    <author>Alexander Mezhov</author>
    <author>Christoph Strangfeld</author>
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      <value>3DCP</value>
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      <value>Rheology</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bingham fluid</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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    <title language="eng">Introduction of a monitoring system for Bingham fluids in additive manufacturing with concrete</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Freeform additive manufacturing of concrete structures is a rising technology in civil engineering with several fascinating advantages. Nonetheless, to ensure reliability and structural integrity, standards and quality control are required in the future to bring this technology into the market. As the concrete is manufactured continuously, continuous quality control of the printing process is also required, i.e. comprehensive process monitoring. At BAM, a test rig will be installed, enabling the printing of concrete structures with a maximum size of 2 m x 1 m x 1 m (l x w x h). Here, process monitoring is the focus of the test rig. In this study, we show the results of the first pump tests, including the measurement of several parameters such as temperature and pressure along the supply system, i.e. from the concrete pump to the printer head.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">International Symposium Non-Destructive Testing in Civil Engineering (NDTCE 2022)</parentTitle>
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    <author>Christoph Strangfeld</author>
    <author>Eric Schönsee</author>
    <author>Olubunmi Anthony Jeyifous</author>
    <author>Alexander Mezhov</author>
    <author>Götz Hüsken</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive manufacturing of concrete</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process monitoring</value>
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      <value>Non-destructive testing</value>
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      <value>Bingham fluid</value>
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