<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>30221</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>148</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>155</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>73</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Butterworth-Heinemann</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Oxford</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Tribological screening tests for the selection of raw materials for automotive brake pad formulations</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A modified pin-on-disc test was applied to determine tribological properties of typical brake pad constituents. Ball-milling of these ingredients together with iron oxide and graphite provided model materials displaying the main features of real third bodies. Solid lubricants like graphite affected the friction and wear behaviour of Fe3O4 powders considerably whereas further addition of hard nanoparticles induced only minor effects. This was corroborated by comparison with modelling results. MoS2 played a dual role. Depending on special conditions, this ingredient either reduced or increased friction. The latter could be explained, after nanoscopic characterization, by oxidation and destruction of the wear-protecting tribofilm.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Tribology International</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">33181</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.triboint.2014.01.017</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0301-679X</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">20.02.2014</enrichment>
    <author>Werner Österle</author>
    <author>Cornelius Deutsch</author>
    <author>Thomas Gradt</author>
    <author>Guillermo Orts Gil</author>
    <author>Thomas Schneider</author>
    <author>A.I. Dmitriev</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Brake pad formulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Raw materials</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Third body</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pin-on-disc test</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>35039</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>FISITA</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>London</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>International Federation of Automotive Engineering Societies</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Final outcome of a fundamental research project on tribofilms formed during automotive braking, Part 1: Experimental studies</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In order to obtain a better understanding of the role of tribofilms during automotive braking, their structures were investigated and the essential features identified.&#13;
Next, different ingredient combinations were studied by preparing some model materials with simpler compositions than real tribofilms. A test method was developed for verifying the tribological properties of the model materials and for comparison with results obtained with numerical sliding simulations of such structures. Prerequisites of good brake Performance properties were identified. Although the coefficient of friction could be varied in a wide ränge, smooth sliding conditions could only be achieved with values smaller than 0.4. Tests with artificial third body powders turned out to be useful as screening method for the selection of raw materials for brake pad formulations.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">EuroBrake 2014 (Proceedings)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">38191</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-0-9572076-4-6</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">EuroBrake 2014</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Lille, France</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">13.05.2014</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">15.05.2014</enrichment>
    <author>Werner Österle</author>
    <author>Cornelius Deutsch</author>
    <author>Ilona Dörfel</author>
    <author>Thomas Gradt</author>
    <author>Ines Häusler</author>
    <author>G. Orts-Gil</author>
    <author>C. Prietzel</author>
    <author>Thomas Schneider</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tribofilm</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Third body</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pad ingredients</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ball milling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pin-on-disc test</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>29697</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2013</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>28</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>38</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>86</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Inc.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>New York, NY</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>International Metallographic Society</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Impact of high energy ball milling on the nanostructure of magnetite-graphite and magnetite-graphite-molybdenum disulphide blends</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Different, partly complementary and partly redundant characterization methods were applied to study the transition of magnetite, graphite and MoS2 powders to mechanically alloyed nanostructures. The applied methods were: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS), Raman spectroscopy (RS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The main objective was to prepare a model material providing the essential features of a typical tribofilm forming during automotive braking, and to assess the impact of different constituents on sliding behaviour and friction level. Irrespective of the initial grain size, the raw materials were transferred to a nanocrystalline structure and mixed on a nanoscopic scale during high energy ball milling. Whereas magnetite remained almost unchanged, graphite and molybdenum disulphide were transformed to a nanocrystalline and highly disordered structure. The observed increase of the coefficient of friction was attributed to a loss of lubricity of the latter ingredient due to this transformation and subsequent oxidation.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials characterization</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">32627</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.matchar.2013.09.007</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1044-5803</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1873-4189</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">05.12.2013</enrichment>
    <author>Werner Österle</author>
    <author>Guillermo Orts Gil</author>
    <author>Thomas Gross</author>
    <author>Cornelius Deutsch</author>
    <author>R. Hinrichs</author>
    <author>M.A.Z. Vasconcellos</author>
    <author>H. Zoz</author>
    <author>D. Yigit</author>
    <author>X. Sun</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ball milling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mössbauer spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Raman spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Transmission electron microscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray diffraction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>26823</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2012</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>9</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>EB2012-FM-01</issue>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Friction films on C-SiC discs after dynamometer tests with different commercial brake pads</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Brake discs on the basis of carbon fibre reinforced SiC-ceramics are appreciated as a light weight high performance alternative to conventional cast iron brake discs. Although efforts are going on to develop ceramic pads of a similar material but with additions of friction modifiers, comfort requirements cannot be reached with a full ceramic system and therefore commercial solutions still are based on polymer matrix composites (PMCs) and in some rare cases on sinter metallic (SM) friction materials.&#13;
&#13;
In previous studies with conventional automotive brakes an iron oxide based friction film on the surfaces of pads and discs was observed. This seemed to be plausible since iron is the major element of the cast iron disc and furthermore is contained in most pad formulations in the form of steel fibres. Therefore it was of great scientific interest to determine the relevance and composition of friction films on ceramic brake discs which do not contain any iron.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">EuroBrake 2012 (Proceedings)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">29605</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">EuroBrake 2012</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Dresden, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">16.04.2012</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">18.04.2012</enrichment>
    <author>Werner Österle</author>
    <author>Cornelius Deutsch</author>
    <author>Heidemarie Rooch</author>
    <author>Ilona Dörfel</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ceramic disc</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Friction film</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>PMC-pad</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>SM-pad</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Third body</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
