<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>50464</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>2248</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>2264</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <volume>14</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Cells Undergo Major Changes in the Quantity of Cytoplasmic Organelles after Uptake of Gold Nanoparticles with Biologically Relevant Surface Coatings</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Here, we use cryo soft X-ray tomography (cryo-SXT), which delivers 3D ultrastructural volumes of intact cells without chemical fixation or staining, to gain insight about nanoparticle uptake for nanomedicine. We initially used dendritic polyglycerol sulfate (dPGS) with potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications in inflammation. Although dPGS-coated gold nanoparticle (dPGS-AuNP) uptake followed a conventional endocytic/degradative pathway in human lung epithelial cell lines (A549), with cryo-SXT, we detected ∼5% of dPGS-AuNPs in the cytoplasm, a level undetectable by confocal light microscopy. We also observed ∼5% of dPGS-AuNPs in a rarely identified subcellular site, namely, lipid droplets, which are important for cellular energy metabolism. Finally, we also found substantial changes in the quantity of cytoplasmic organelles upon dPGS-AuNP uptake over the 1–6 h incubation period; the number of small vesicles and mitochondria significantly increased, and the number of multivesicular bodies and the number and volume of lipid droplets significantly decreased. Although nearly all organelle numbers at 6 h were still significantly different from controls, most appeared to be returning to normal levels. To test for generality, we also examined cells after uptake of gold nanoparticles coated with a different agent, polyethylenimine (PEI), used for nucleic acid delivery. PEI nanoparticles did not enter lipid droplets, but they induced similar, albeit less pronounced, changes in the quantity of cytoplasmic organelles. We confirmed these changes in organelle quantities for both nanoparticle coatings by confocal fluorescence microscopy. We suggest this cytoplasmic remodeling could reflect a more common cellular response to coated gold nanoparticle uptake.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">ACS NANO</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1021/acsnano.9b09264</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">02.03.2020</enrichment>
    <author>B. Kepsutlu</author>
    <author>V. Wycisk</author>
    <author>K. Achazi</author>
    <author>S. Kapishnikov</author>
    <author>A.J. Perez-Berna</author>
    <author>P. Guttmann</author>
    <author>Antje Cossmer</author>
    <author>E. Pereiro</author>
    <author>H. Ewers</author>
    <author>M. Ballauff</author>
    <author>G. Schneider</author>
    <author>J.G. McNally</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cellular trafficking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Confocal laser scanning microscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cytoplasmic remodeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dendritic polyglycerol sulfate</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polyethylenimine</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>3D ultrastructural analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cryo-soft X-ray tomography</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.1 Anorganische Spurenanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemische Charakterisierung und Spurenanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
