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<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>50532</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2019</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>11</issue>
    <volume>24</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>NDT.net</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Kirchwald</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Elucidating the distribution of organic consolidants in wood by Neutron Tomography</title>
    <abstract language="eng">While the absorption of X-rays and gamma radiation is determined by the Z-number of the elements a specimen is composed of, it is the hydrogen making an effective contrast with neutron imaging.  As a consequence, interrogating with neutrons presents a suitable tool to study the distribution of organic consolidants in materials such as wood as encountered in impregnated wooden artworks. &#13;
Four different examples of objects are presented here to demonstrate the potential of neutron CT: 1) small wooden pieces of ship wrecks (&lt; 2 cm thickness) interrogated with cold neutrons (0.5 meV at the ANTARES facility of the FRM II in Garching) to demonstrate the potential and the limitation of using low energy neutrons, 2) a wooden statue soaked with carbolineum (fission neutrons 1.8 MeV at the NECTAR facility of the FRM II), 3) a smaller wooden figure of a skull heavily soaked with carbolineum so it was too tight for the fission neutrons used before with accelerator neutrons (broad range about 5.5 MeV at the PTB in Braunschweig) and 4) pieces of charred wood to study the impregnation with a consolidant (NECTAR, FRM II).  With the exception of the last example, all results have been combined with X-ray tomography (BAM 8.3 in Berlin).  In the case of the charred wood specimens (example 4) the density histograms of the neutron tomography results were compared with those obtained from untreated references.  The observed gain in specific density of the soaked specimens corresponded with an increase of specific weight.  All results obtained so far showed distinct distribution patterns attributable to structural peculiarities or organic consolidants providing valuable support for subsequent restoration works.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">The e-journal of nondestructive testing &amp; ultrasonics</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.ndt.net/search/docs.php3?id=24740</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-505326</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1435-4934</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">International symposium on digital industrial radiography and computed tomography DIR2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Fürth, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">02.07.2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">04.07.2019</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-ND - Namensnennung - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Kurt Osterloh</author>
    <author>S. Röhrs</author>
    <author>A. Schwabe</author>
    <author>S. Radujcovic</author>
    <author>T. Bücherl</author>
    <author>V. Dangendorf</author>
    <author>Uwe Zscherpel</author>
    <author>I. Reiche</author>
    <author>A. Nüsser</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Neutron Imaging</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cold to fast neutron testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tomography of wood samples</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Art restauration</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/50532/Tu.1.A.5.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>32516</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>77</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>82</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>22</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Rathgen-Forschungslabor</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Staatliche Museen zu Berlin - Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Analyse von mit Carbolineum belastetem Kulturgut und modellhafte Erprobung konservatorischer Dekontaminierung</title>
    <abstract language="deu">The baroque epitaph Reyer (1704) at the St. Laurentius church in Tönning was treated with carbolineum as a wood preservation agent in 1903. The subsequent constant migration of carbolineum through the layers of paint to the surface has had a detrimental effect on the aesthetic appearance of the epitaph. Carbolineum is an oily, water-insoluble, flammable, dark brown mixture of coal tar oil components. Due to its content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), which are classified as carcinogenic and harmful to the environment, the use of carbolineum has been forbidden. The aim of the project is to develop an exemplary Conservation treatment (hat will reduce the toxic contents of the historical wooden object. The new method should be applicable to similar objects that are also contaminated with carbolineum. The historic carbolineum was identified by the GC-MS method and the X-Ray computed tomography revealed the biological wood damage and previous restoration measures. Several decontamination methods such as the extraction with supercritical C02, with dichloromethane vapour/fluids, with 1,3-dioxolane or with petrol ether by vaccum impregnation were investigated. This project is founded by the Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt (DBU).</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Berliner Beiträge zur Archäometrie, Kunsttechnolgie und Konservierungswissenschaft</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">35584</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0344-5089</identifier>
    <author>A. Nusser</author>
    <author>Kurt Osterloh</author>
    <author>M. Freitag</author>
    <author>S. Simon</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kulturgut aus Holz</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Holzschutz</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Computertomographie</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>32304</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation>Brno University of Technology</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">X-ray and neutron radiological methods to support the conservation of wooden artworks soaked with a polluting impregnant 'carbolineum'</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Wooden artworks residing in churches for centuries inevitably suffered from decaying processes such as Wood worm infestation. About 100 years ago, this process was ceased with a polluting coal tar extract 'Carbolineum', a treatment usually applied to railway sleepers. Nowadays, this lead to undesired effects not only of causing dark stains on the surface of the treated sculptures but also in unimpaired release of traces of harmful substances into the atmosphere perceptible as the typical smell of coal tar oil. To resolve this problem, the knowledge of the internal structure could provide a support for this effort. As an example, sculptures from an epitaph in a church in northern Germany were subjected to X-ray and neutron computed tomography (CT). The purpose of using neutrons was to get information about the distribution of the impregnant Carbolineum. It consists of a mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which should increase the absorption of neutrons. In contrast, X-rays are rather poorly absorbed by such substances as compared to the wood matrix. All radiographic approaches &#13;
revealed traces of previous conservation measures that were not always documented in detail. Comparing the neutron images with those from the X-ray interrogation some differences became obvious indicating varied material compositions. Nails e.g. were clearly visible in the X-ray images rather than in the neutron ones. Some less visibly stained parts of the sculptures correspond with obviously replaced materials in the inside. These results will be used to identify ways how to treat the infested artworks.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">ECNDT 2014 - 11th European conference on non-destructive testing (Proceedings)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">35370</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-80-214-5018-9</identifier>
    <identifier type="url">http://www.ndt.net/events/ECNDT2014/app/content/Paper/155_Osterloh.pdf</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">ECNDT 2014 - 11th European conference on non-destructive testing</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Prague, Czech Republic</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2014-10-06</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2014-10-10</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">18.12.2014</enrichment>
    <author>Kurt Osterloh</author>
    <author>A. Nusser</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Radiographic testing (RT)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Computed tomography (CT)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cultural heritage</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Radiological methods</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Carbolineum</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wooden artworks</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Neutron-CT</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray CT</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Neutron radiology</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>32305</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>472</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>477</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>69</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier B.V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Computed tomography with X-rays and fast neutrons for restoration of wooden artwork</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The objects of this investigation were sculptures taken from a ca. three hundred years old baroque epitaph of a church in Tonning, a town in Northern Germany. Around 1900 it was found in a disastrous state heavily damaged by wood-worm. At that time, the whole artwork was treated with the tar extract carbolineum as a remedy. Nowadays, this substance has been identified as carcinogenic, and its presence can be perceived by its stench and visually at certain spots on the surface where it has penetrated the covering paint. &#13;
&#13;
A gold-painted sculpture of a massive wooden skull was interrogated with X-rays and fast neutrons to investigate the internal distribution of the carbolineum. The X-ray tomography, with its excellent spatial resolution revealed galleries left over from the worm infestation in the outer areas and cracks in the central region. The golden color coating appeared as a thick and dense layer. In comparison the tomography with fast neutrons, though being of lower resolution and yet unresolved artefacts revealed sections of slightly different densities in the bulk of the wood. These differences we attribute to the differences in the distribution of the impregnant in the wood, visible due to its higher hydrogen content making it less transparent for neutrons.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Physics Procedia</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">35371</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1875-3892</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.phpro.2015.07.066</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-323050</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">WCNR-10 - 10th World conference on neutron radiography</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Grindelwald, Switzerland</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">05.10.2014</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">10.10.2014</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="zsBemerkung">Die Aufnahme ist grundsätzlich falsch, da es sich bei "Physics procedia" nicht um eine Zeitschrift handelt, sondern um eine Tagungsband-Reihe. Die unten beschriebene Lösung wird aber bereits bei einigen anderen analog gelagerten Fällen durchgeführt, z. B. bei "Energy procedia".  Die Tagungsband-Reihe findet sich in der Master Journal List bzw. in dem Journal Citation Report selbstverständlich nicht wieder, da es ja keine Zeitschrift ist. Allerdings wird die Tagungsband-Reihe sehr wohl von Thomson-Reuters für Ihre Datenbank ausgewertet, als "Book Series". Daher muss sichergestellt werden, dass die dort erscheinenden Artikel auch für die "1000-Euro-Liste" berücksichtigt werden.  Die einfachste Lösung ist es, den Eintrag als Zeitschrift zu belassen, und das Häkchen bei "In MJL/CPCI von ISI enthalten" zu setzen. Das ist zwar formal nicht ganz korrekt, erzeugt aber das richtige Ergebnis.  Jan Harloff-Puhr 16.9.2014</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">18.12.2014</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitung 3.0</licence>
    <author>Kurt Osterloh</author>
    <author>Carsten Bellon</author>
    <author>Stefan Hohendorf</author>
    <author>Sanjeevareddy Kolkoori</author>
    <author>Norma Wrobel</author>
    <author>A. Nusser</author>
    <author>M. Freitag</author>
    <author>T. Bücherl</author>
    <author>D. Bar</author>
    <author>I. Mor</author>
    <author>N. Tamin</author>
    <author>R. Weiss-Babai</author>
    <author>B. Bromberger</author>
    <author>V. Dangendorf</author>
    <author>K. Tittelmeier</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Computed tomography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Neutron radiology</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Conservation of wooden artwork</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/32305/Osterloh_Computed Tomography with X-rays and Fast Neutrons.pdf</file>
  </doc>
</export-example>
