<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>38502</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>977</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>985</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>541</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier B.V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">The impacts of pharmaceutical drugs under ocean acidification: Newdata on single and combined long-term effects of carbamazepine on Scrobicularia plana</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Ocean acidification and increasing discharges of pharmaceutical contaminants into aquatic systems are among key and/or emerging drivers of environmental change affecting marine ecosystems. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that ocean acidification can have direct and indirect impacts on marine organisms although combined effects with other stressors, namely with pharmaceuticals, have received very little attention to date. The present study aimed to evaluate the impacts of the pharmaceutical drug Carbamazepine and pH 7.1, acting alone and in combination, on the clamScrobicularia plana. For this, a long-termexposure (28 days)was conducted and a set of oxidative stress markers was investigated. The results obtained showed that S. plana was able to develop mechanisms to prevent oxidative damage when under low pH for a long period, presenting higher survival when exposed to this stressor compared to CBZ or the combination of CBZ with pH 7.1. Furthermore, the toxicity of CBZ on S. plana was synergistically increased under ocean acidification conditions (CBZ + pH 7.1): specimens survival was reduced and oxidative stress was enhanced when compared to single exposures. These findings add to the growing body of evidence that ocean acidification will act to increase the toxicity of CBZ to marine organisms,which has clear implications for coastal benthic ecosystems suffering chronic pollution from pharmaceutical drugs.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Science of the Total Environment</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.138</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">30.11.2016</enrichment>
    <author>R. Freitas</author>
    <author>Ângela Almeida</author>
    <author>V. Calisto</author>
    <author>C. Velez</author>
    <author>A. Moreira</author>
    <author>Rudolf Schneider</author>
    <author>V. I. Esteves</author>
    <author>F. J. Wrona</author>
    <author>E. Figueira</author>
    <author>A. M. V. M. Soares</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ocean acidification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pharmaceuticals</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Biomarkers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oxidative stress</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Clams</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Long-term exposures</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>33818</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>205</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>214</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>202</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>New York, NY [u.a.]</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">How life history influences the responses of the clam Scrobicularia plana to the combined impacts of carbamazepine and pH decrease</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In the present study, the bivalve Scrobicularia plana, collected from two contrasting areas (pristine location and mercury contaminated area), was selected to assess the biochemical alterations imposed by pH decrease, carbamazepine (an antiepileptic) and the combined effect of both stressors. The effects on oxidative stress related biomarkers after 96 h exposure revealed that pH decrease and carbamazepine induced alterations on clams, with greater impacts on individuals from the contaminated area which presented higher mortality, higher lipid peroxidation and higher glutathione S-transferase activity. These results emphasize the risk of extrapolating results from one area to another, since the same species inhabiting different areas may be affected differently when exposed to the same stressors. Furthermore, the results obtained showed that, when combined, the impact of pH decrease and carbamazepine was lower than each stressor acting alone, which could be related to the defence mechanism of valves closure when bivalves are under higher stressful conditions.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Environmental pollution</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">36939</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.023</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0269-7491</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0013-9327</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1873-6424</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">20.08.2015</enrichment>
    <author>R. Freitas</author>
    <author>Ângela Almeida</author>
    <author>V. Calisto</author>
    <author>C. Velez</author>
    <author>A. Moreira</author>
    <author>Rudolf Schneider</author>
    <author>V.I. Esteves</author>
    <author>F. J. Wrona</author>
    <author>A.M.V.M. Soares</author>
    <author>E. Figueira</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ocean acidification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Biomarkers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oxidative stress</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bivalves</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pharmaceutical drugs</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
