<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>59263</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Fachvortrag: Innovative Probenherstellungim Lichte der Proben-Bauteil-Beziehungen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der Vortrag erörtert die aktuellen fachlichen Herausforderungen und Ziele in der Zentralwerkstatt/FB9.2 der BAM für den Helmholtz-AK "Bau wissenschaftlicher Geräte"</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Helmholtz-Arbeitskreis "Bau wissenschaftlicher Geräte", 18. Jahrestagung</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">10.05.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Probenfertigung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Erneuerbare Energien</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive Fertigung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wasserstoff-Sicherheit</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>46608</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Beanspruchungen bei der Fertigung hochfester Komponenten</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Hochfeste und -warmfeste Legierungen nehmen in vielen Bereichen des Maschinen- und Anlagenbaus eine immer größere Rolle ein, deren Wirtschaftlichkeit und Effizienz durch eine kostensparende und präzise fügetechnische und abtragende Fertigung bestimmt wird. Komponenten aus modernen hochfesten Werkstoffen erfordern aufgrund ihres spezifischen Legierungskonzeptes und Gefüges und der oft hohen thermo-mechanischen Belastungen speziell adaptierte Fertigungsabläufe. Der Beitrag stellt einige Themenschwerpunkte vor, bei denen fertigungsbedingte Beanspruchungen und Eigenschaftsdegradationen an hochinnovativen Werkstoffen optimiert und wirtschaftliche Fertigungsbedingungen untersucht werden.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Forschungsseminar OVGU</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Magdeburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">15.11.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG-Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfeste Feinkornbaustähle</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bauteilprüfung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Zerspanung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>HEA</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>47723</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Beanspruchungen bei der Fertigung hochfester Komponenten</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Hochfeste und -warmfeste Legierungen nehmen in vielen Bereichen des Maschinen- und Anlagenbaus eine immer größere Rolle ein, deren Wirtschaftlichkeit und Effizienz durch eine kostensparende und präzise fügetechnische und abtragende Fertigung bestimmt wird. Komponenten aus modernen hochfesten Werkstoffen erfordern aufgrund ihres spezifischen Legierungskonzeptes und Gefüges und der oft hohen thermo-mechanischen Belastungen speziell adaptierte Fertigungsabläufe. Der Beitrag stellt einige Themenschwerpunkte vor, bei denen fertigungsbedingte Beanspruchungen und Eigenschaftsdegradationen an hochinnovativen Werkstoffen optimiert und wirtschaftliche Fertigungsbedingungen untersucht werden.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Forschungsseminar, Access, Aachen</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Aachen, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">19.11.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">19.11.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bauteilprüfung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfeste Feinkornbaustähle</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>HEA</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG-Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Zerspanung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>47724</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Beanspruchungsgerechtes ultraschallunterstütztes Fräsen Generativ gefertigter Turbinenbauteile</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die Beschaffung und Verarbeitung von Werkstoffen für hochbelastete Komponenten sind meist kostenintensiv. Bestrebungen zur Kosten- und Ressourceneffizienz führen zu komplexeren Strukturen bzw. Konturen, sodass generative Fertigungsschritte zur Bauteilreparatur und -fertigung deutliche ökonomische Vorteile bieten. Hierfür sind generative und abtragende Fertigungsschritte komplementär und gezielt aufeinander abzustimmen, um beanspruchungsgerechte Funktionsflächen herzustellen.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Forschungsseminar, TU Clausthal (ISAF)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">31.01.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">31.01.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Auftragschweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Zerspanung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultraschallunterstütztes Fräsen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Generative Fertigung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62293</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Neues aus der BAM / Fachbereich 9.2</title>
    <abstract language="deu">In dieser Präsentation werden die neuesten Herausforderungen und der Stand des Fachbereiches 9.2 für die Mitarbeit im AK des HGF "Bau wissenschaftlicher Geräte" dargestellt. Hierfür werden Neuigkeiten aus dem Bereich Materialprüfung in der BAM präsentiert und mit den Arbeiten der Zentralwerkstatt, die hierfür notwendig sind, in Zusammenhang gebracht.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Helmholtz-Arbeitskreis "Bau wissenschaftlicher Geräte"</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">12.06.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fertigungsverfahren</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fertigungskompetenz</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59262</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Helmholtz-AK "Bau wissenschaftlicher Geräte" - Neues aus der BAM / Fachbereich 9.2</title>
    <abstract language="deu">In dieser Präsentation werden die neuesten Herausforderungen und der Stand des Fachbereiches 9.2 für die Mitarbeit im AK des HGF "Bau wissenschaftlicher Geräte" dargestellt.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Helmholtz-Arbeitskreis "Bau wissenschaftlicher Geräte", 18. Jahrestagung</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">10.05.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Werkstatt</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Erneuerbare Energien</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>38786</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Studies on the pore formation in super duplex stainless steel welds</title>
    <abstract language="eng">When welding super duplex stainless steels a non-admissible pore formation can occur even if recommended processing guidelines are followed strictly. To investigate this phenomenon and to determine the influencing factors different claddings were produced using gas metal arc welding and submerged arc welding. The welding consumables, the shielding gas and the welding flux were varied. As shielding gases several mixtures, based on argon and 30 % helium, with various amounts of nitrogen, nitric oxide, carbondioxid and oxygen were applied. As welding flux agglomerated fluoride basic fluxes and aluminate fluoride basic fluxes were used. Different batches of the similar solid filler wire G 25 9 4 N L were used to produce the claddings on the base material UNS32750. To determine the pore formation X-ray examinations and microsections were used, to analyze the chemical composition of the claddings melt extractions and spectrometric examinations were applied. Additionally, the microhardness and the ferrite number were detected. The studies have shown the shielding gas, the welding flux and the filler metal possess a great influence on the pore formation. Even small variations in the chemical composition of the welding consumables lead to totally different results. In addition, the ferrite number and the chemical composition of the claddings depend strongly on the used gases and filler metals.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Intermediate Meeting, C-IIA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Madrid, Spain</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">29.02.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">02.03.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cladding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Duplex stainless steels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pore formation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>34988</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>P668, 1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>7</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of the weld thermal cycle on residual stress evolution and cold cracking ressistance in welded high-strength steel constructions</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The application of high-strength fine-grained structural steels with yield stress ≥ 690 MPa permits significant weight reductions and cost savings. Since welding is the major joining technology, e.g. in mobile crane industry, the sustainable and economical application of these grades depends on the load-bearing capacity and safety of the welds. An economical processing of high-strength steels is determined above all by the avoidance of cold cracking, apart from achieving demand-oriented mechanical properlies in the weid area. High tensile residual stresses are disadvantageaus regarding the cold cracking resistance and strength of welded components. Furthermore, high restraints commonly appearing in component welds increase residual stresses. Hence, in this research the influences of heat control on residual stresses and the overall structural Ioad of welded structures were quantified. The relationship between the weid thermal cycle and the resulting residual stress under additional shrinkage restraint was analysed by a successive augmentation of the restraint intensity. This was achieved by systematic low Ioad and component weid tests. lt was observed that the heat control significantly affects the local residual stresses and the overall structural Ioad of welded structures. A high interpass temperature increases the global and local welding stresses in particular. Moreover, the transferability of experimental welding results obtained from small specimens according to applicable codes to real component geometries was investigated. With the help of these findings it is possible to improve existing heat control concepts for high-strength steel welding.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2nd METEC &amp; ESTAD 2015 - European steel technology and application days conference (Proceedings)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">38138</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">2nd METEC &amp; ESTAD 2015 - European steel technology and application days conference</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Düsseldorf, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">15.06.2015</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">19.06.2015</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>HEat control</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>GMAW</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Restraint</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cold cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process parameters</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51593</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>12</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Manufacturing Innovation Network e. V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Varel, Germany</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Vom Kokillenguss bis zur Fräsbearbeitung - Bauteile aus innovativen Eisen- und Titanaluminiden wirtschaftlich herstellen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der Beitrag gibt einen kurzen Einblick in das gerade bewilligte ZIM-Vorhaben „Technologie und Werkzeuge für ultraschallunterstütztes Fräsen von Eisen- und Titan-Aluminid-Bauteilen (TeWuFeAl)“. In dem Vorhaben wird durch 2 KMU aus dem Bereichen der Werkzeugentwicklung (Wolf GmbH) und der Anwendung (AWB GmbH) sowie durch 2 Forschungsinstitute, Access e. V. und Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), die Herstellbarkeit sicherheitsrelevanter Leichtbauteile aus FeAl und TiAl durch das besonders wirtschaftliche Kokillengussverfahren und die anschließende ultraschallunterstützte Zerspanung untersucht.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Unter Span - Das Magazin des Manufacturing Innovation Network e. V.</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>C. Hamm</author>
    <author>T. Röser</author>
    <author>H. Michels</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eisenaluminid</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Titanaluminid</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kokillenguss</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fräsbearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultraschallunterstütztes Fräsen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oberflächenintegrität</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62743</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Modern welding processes for optimising repair welds on high strength offshore steels</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The successful energy transition in Germany will require offshore wind turbines with outputs &gt;10 MW in the future. To achieve these high outputs, turbines far from coast are required with large subsea jacket structures (30 m up to 50 m) and tall towers (up to 200 m). High-strength steels with a yield strength up to 500 MPa and wall thicknesses up to 150 mm are increasingly being used for these structures. This plac-es high demands on welding manufacturing, especially for high-strength offshore steels. During the manu-facturing process detected defects by NDT require localized repair of welds by gouging and rewelding. Due to a lack of investigations, there are no repair concepts and information in standards and guidelines, par-ticularly for high-strength thick plate joints made of high-strength offshore steels. However, these are ur-gently needed to enable manufacturers, especially SMEs, to carry out safe and economical repairs. There-fore, BAM started the FOSTA project P1629 (IGF 01IF22746N) to investigate the stress-optimized repair (local gouging and welding) of high-strength thick plate joints made of offshore grades in the yield strength range off 355 to 460 MPa and similar weld metal with controlled high-performance GMAW pro-cesses and optimized narrow gouging grooves. The experimental analyses take into account the complex interaction of process, material, and design-related influences on the formation of weld induced stresses and the special microstructure of high-strength fine-grain structural steels. Welding-related material degra-dation and crack-critical residual tensile stresses need to be avoided to ensure high component safety and performance. A reduction in residual stress in the presence of high restraint conditions can be achieved by adapted heat control (if no disassembly measures are possible). The repair process involves manual thermal gouging, which allows the groove configuration to be modi-fied. Modern welding processes using high frequency arc control provide deep root penetration and focused energy input capable of welding narrow seams. A comparison was made between the traditional weld con-figuration with a wide 45° groove and transition arc welding and a narrow 30° groove with modern welding process. Even in the case of free shrinkage specimens, the narrow groove weld exhibits a significant reduc-tion of residual stresses, cf. Figure 1, especially in the HAZ and toward the adjacent base material. This can be attributed to the lower weld metal volume needed and the reduction of heat input per layer due to the controlled arc process. For the purposes of this comparison, the same weld seam build-up (but different number of layers) has been applied to both seam configurations. Note that in industrial application (manu-al welding), the wider groove would be welded with several off-center weld beads with conventional weld-ing process. In this analysis this would cause asymmetric effects regarding the residual stress state, diffi-cult to compare to each other. Component-related welding experiments on special testing equipment, adapted process and heat control concepts along with variable groove configurations will be developed and recommendations for guidelines elaborated. This is the prerequisite for fully utilizing the strength potential of high-strength steels and making a valuable contribution to the energy transition in Germany, especially for steel-processing SMEs.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Intermediate Meeting CII</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Trollhättan, Sweden</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">10.03.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">12.03.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Martin Hübner</author>
    <author>Levin Reichel</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Repair welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gouging</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stress</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Offshore wind turbines</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62356</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>11</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Walter de Gruyter GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Energy efficiency in materials testing by reactive power part 2: resonance method in fatigue testing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Reactive power is related to the type of power that does not consume energy but stores it. In the design of test machines, the utilization of this physical phenomenon would be very beneficial. Reactive power allows for the combination of power amplification with energy savings, making it an ideal principle for conducting long-term tests that involve high loads and prolonged energy consumption. This work focuses on testing machines operating in resonance, which allows for higher test frequencies and reduced test durations. Various types of fatigue testing machines, including those with rotating-unbalance actuators, servo-hydraulic actuators, and piezoelectric actuators, are examined through vibration analysis, methodical design, and mechatronics. Resonant testing machines provide significant advantages in energy efficiency and test accuracy for a wide range of applications in materials testing. These methods are crucial for future applications in industries where energy efficiency and precise fatigue testing are critical, such as aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials Testing</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1515/mt-2024-0350</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_data">{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T18:10:13Z","timestamp":1734718213655,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"&lt;jats:title&gt;Abstract&lt;\/jats:title&gt;\n               &lt;jats:p&gt;Reactive power is related to the type of power that does not consume energy but stores it. In the design of test machines, the utilization of this physical phenomenon would be very beneficial. Reactive power allows for the combination of power amplification with energy savings, making it an ideal principle for conducting long-term tests that involve high loads and prolonged energy consumption. This work focuses on testing machines operating in resonance, which allows for higher test frequencies and reduced test durations. Various types of fatigue testing machines, including those with rotating-unbalance actuators, servo-hydraulic actuators, and piezoelectric actuators, are examined through vibration analysis, methodical design, and mechatronics. Resonant testing machines provide significant advantages in energy efficiency and test accuracy for a wide range of applications in materials testing. These methods are crucial for future applications in industries where energy efficiency and precise fatigue testing are critical, such as aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;","DOI":"10.1515\/mt-2024-0350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T16:56:27Z","timestamp":1734713787000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Energy efficiency in materials testing by reactive power part 2: resonance method in fatigue testing"],"prefix":"10.1515","author":[{"given":"Dietmar","family":"Findeisen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Berlin , Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2226-9337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk","family":"Schr\u00f6pfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"42220 Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pr\u00fcfung (BAM), Berlin , Germany"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_001","unstructured":"W. Sch\u00fctz, A History of Fatigue, vol. 04, 1st ed. Berlin, DVM-Special Publication, 2000."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_002","unstructured":"ISO 1099, Metallic Materials\u00a0\u2013 Fatigue Testing\u00a0\u2013 Axial Force-Controlled Method, 2017 [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.dinmedia.de\/de\/norm\/iso-1099\/275310018."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_003","unstructured":"DIN EN ISO 7500-1 Supplement 3, Metallic Materials \u2013 Calibration and Verification of Static Uniaxial Testing Machines \u2013 Part 1: Tension\/Compression Testing Machines \u2013 Calibration and Verification of the Force-Measuring System \u2013 Supplement 3: General Information for Requirements, Verification and Calibration of Fatigue Testing Machines, [Draft], Berlin, Beuth, 2023."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.\u00a0M. E. Marques, D. Benasciutti, A. Nies\u0142ony, and J. Slavi\u010d, \u201cAn overview of fatigue testing systems for metals under uniaxial and multiaxial random loadings,\u201d Metals, vol.\u00a011, no.\u00a03, 2021, Art. no. 447, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/met11030447.","DOI":"10.3390\/met11030447"},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. Costa, et al.., \u201cReview of multiaxial testing for very high cycle fatigue, from \u2018conventional\u2019 to ultrasonic machines,\u201d Machines, vol.\u00a08, no.\u00a02, p.\u00a025, 2020, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/machines8020025.","DOI":"10.3390\/machines8020025"},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_006","unstructured":"D. Findeisen and K. Federn, \u201cKonstruktive L\u00f6sungsvarianten von Schwingantrieben; Anwendungsbeispiel Schwingpr\u00fcfmaschine, Teil 1,\u201d Konstruktion, vol.\u00a030, no.\u00a01, pp.\u00a01\u20139, 1978."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_007","unstructured":"D. Findeisen, Ger\u00e4tetechnische Verwirklichung von Schwingpr\u00fcfmaschinen, Zwanglaufantriebe, Habilitation, Germany, Department of Design and Manufacturing, Technical University Berlin, Fortschritt-Bericht VDI-Z, ser. 01, no. 116, VDI-Verlag, 1984."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. Klinger and H. Henke, \u201c20-MN universal testing machine. Principle of construction and examples of applications,\u201d Mater. Test., vol.\u00a032, nos. 7\/8, pp.\u00a0632\u2013648, 1990, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/mt-1990-327-806.","DOI":"10.1515\/mt-1990-327-806"},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_009","unstructured":"F. Klinger, \u00dcbertragungsverhalten der Steuerkette Servoventil-Zylinder-Belastung unter besonderer Ber\u00fccksichtigung des Resonanzbetriebs, Ph.D. dissertation, IFAS\u00a0\u2013 Department of Fluid Drives and Systems, University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany, 1977."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Zhao, J. Wan, S. Zhang, C. Yan, and H. Zhao, \u201cApplication of ultrasonic fatigue technology in very-high-cycle fatigue testing of aviation gas turbine engine blade materials: a review,\u201d Sci. China: Technol. Sci., vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 1317\u20131363, 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11431-023-2556-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11431-023-2556-1"},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_011","unstructured":"M. Russenberger, \u201cEine neue Erm\u00fcdungspr\u00fcfmaschine nach dem Vollresonanzbetrieb,\u201d Schweiz. Arch., no.\u00a07, pp.\u00a01\u20137, 1971."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Bathias and P. C. Paris, Gigacycle Fatigue in Mechanical Practice, Boca Raton, CRC Press, 2004.","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203020609"},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_013","unstructured":"ISO 2041, Mechanical Vibration, Shock and Condition Monitoring\u00a0\u2013 Vocabulary, 2018 [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.dinmedia.de\/de\/norm\/iso-2041\/297402238."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_014","unstructured":"K. Federn, Elektrisch-mechanische Analogien in erweiterter Form und ihre Anwendung auf elementare Schwingungsrechnungen, vol. 35, D\u00fcsseldorf, VDI-Berichte, 1959, pp. 33\u201354."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_015","unstructured":"ISO 7626-1, Mechanical Vibration and Shock\u00a0\u2013 Experimental Determination of Mechanical Mobility\u00a0\u2013 Part 1: Basic Terms and Definitions, and Transducer Specifications, 2011 [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.dinmedia.de\/de\/norm\/iso-7626-1\/144559009."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_016","unstructured":"VDI 3830-5, Damping of Materials and Members\u00a0\u2013 Experimental Techniques for the Determination of Damping Characteristics, 2005 [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.dinmedia.de\/de\/technische-regel\/vdi-3830-blatt-5\/80074922."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_017","unstructured":"D. Findeisen, Dynamisches System Schwingpr\u00fcfmaschine, Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Design and Manufacturing, Technical University Berlin, Fortschritt-Bericht VDI-Z., ser. 11, no.18, VDI-Verlag, Germany, 1974."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_018","unstructured":"D. Findeisen, \u201cRechnerische Aussagen in der Kozeptphase \u00fcber das dynamische Verhalten, Anwendungsbeispiel Schwingpr\u00fcfmaschine,\u201d Konstruktion, vol.\u00a027, no.\u00a06, pp.\u00a0223\u2013232, 1975."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. Findeisen, System Dynamics and Mechanical Vibrations, an Introduction, Berlin, Germany, Springer, 2000.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-04205-2"},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_020","unstructured":"IEC 80000-6, Quantities and Units\u00a0\u2013 Part 6: Electromagnetism, 2022 [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.dinmedia.de\/de\/norm\/iec-80000-6\/361765722."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_021","unstructured":"K. Roth and R. Simonek, \u201cMechanische verst\u00e4rker,\u201d Konstruktion, vol.\u00a023, no.\u00a03, pp.\u00a090\u201398, 1971."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. Findeisen, H. Hei\u00dfner, and A. Achelp\u00f6ler, \u201cUpcycling of resonance fatigue testing machines,\u201d Mater. Test., vol.\u00a039, nos. 11\/12, pp.\u00a0446\u2013448, 1997, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/mt-1997-3911-1204.","DOI":"10.1515\/mt-1997-3911-1204"},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. W. Neikes and D. Sch\u00f6ne, \u201cDynamical Testing of Large Components becomes simpler and more efficient,\u201d Mater. Test., vol.\u00a038, no.\u00a010, pp.\u00a0445\u2013450, 1996, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/mt-1996-381017.","DOI":"10.1515\/mt-1996-381017"},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_024","unstructured":"ISO 12110-1, Metallic Materials\u00a0\u2013 Fatigue Testing\u00a0\u2013 Variable Amplitude Fatigue Testing\u00a0\u2013 Part 1: General Principles, Test Method and Reporting Requirements, 2013 [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.dinmedia.de\/en\/standard\/iso-12110-1\/190679279."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_025","unstructured":"A. Friedmann, M. Lilov, T. Melz, T. Bein, and H. Hanselka, Verbundprojekt: Hybride Hochfrequenzpr\u00fcftechnik zur kosteng\u00fcnstigen, schnellen Werkstoff- und Bauteilpr\u00fcfung\u00a0\u2013 hyHPT, Fraunhofer LBF et\u00a0al., Darmstadt, Germany, Final Rep. Nr. 260231, 2010. Available at: https:\/\/edocs.tib.eu\/files\/e01fb11\/654227535.pdf."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_026","unstructured":"T. Dr\u00f6gem\u00fcller, H. Atzrodt, C. Axt, A. Friedmann, M. Lilov, and T. Melz, \u201cHybrid high cycle variable amplitude fatigue testing machine,\u201d in Second International Conference on Material and Component Performance under Variable Amplitude Loading 2009. Proceedings. vol. 2 of DVM, Darmstadt, Germany, 2009."},{"key":"2024122017464650570_j_mt-2024-0350_ref_027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Wagener, T. Melz, C. Fischer, M. Matthias, and H. Kaufmann, \u201cNew experimental methods for investigating variable amplitude loading effects in HCF and VHCF regimes,\u201d Materialwiss. Werkstofftech., vol.\u00a042, no.\u00a010, pp.\u00a0929\u2013933, 2011, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mawe.201100866.","DOI":"10.1002\/mawe.201100866"}],"container-title":["Materials Testing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/mt-2024-0350\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/mt-2024-0350\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T17:47:01Z","timestamp":1734716821000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/mt-2024-0350\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["10.1515\/mt-2024-0350"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/mt-2024-0350","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-5300","2195-8572"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-5300","type":"print"},{"value":"2195-8572","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]}}}</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">06.01.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Dietmar Findeisen</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reactive power</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Amplitude magnification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Power amplification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fatigue testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Resonant test machines</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62355</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>189</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>197</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>67</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Walter de Gruyter GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Energy efficiency in materials testing by reactive power – part 1: power recirculating method in wear testing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Reactive power is related to the type of power that does not consume energy but stores it. In the design of test machines, the utilization of this physical phenomenon would be very beneficial. Reactive power allows for the combination of power amplification with energy savings, making it an ideal principle for conducting long-term tests that involve high loads and prolonged energy consumption. This concept is illustrated in this work focusing test machines used in rotary testing procedures. Drive element pairs, which serve as component test objects, are primarily exposed to wear stress. These stressed element pairs are consequently integral parts of a tribological system. The underlying principles of power amplification and power feedback are explained from the perspectives of drive technology, systematic design, methodical design, and mechatronics.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials Testing</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1515/mt-2023-0136</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_data">{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]],"date-time":"2024-12-25T05:16:51Z","timestamp":1735103811823,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"abstract":"&lt;jats:title&gt;Abstract&lt;\/jats:title&gt;\n               &lt;jats:p&gt;Reactive power is related to the type of power that does not consume energy but stores it. In the design of test machines, the utilization of this physical phenomenon would be very beneficial. Reactive power allows for the combination of power amplification with energy savings, making it an ideal principle for conducting long-term tests that involve high loads and prolonged energy consumption. This concept is illustrated in this work focusing test machines used in rotary testing procedures. Drive element pairs, which serve as component test objects, are primarily exposed to wear stress. These stressed element pairs are consequently integral parts of a tribological system. The underlying principles of power amplification and power feedback are explained from the perspectives of drive technology, systematic design, methodical design, and mechatronics.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;","DOI":"10.1515\/mt-2023-0136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]],"date-time":"2024-12-14T06:50:42Z","timestamp":1734159042000},"page":"189-197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Energy efficiency in materials testing by reactive power \u2013 part 1: power recirculating method in wear testing"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Dietmar","family":"Findeisen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Berlin , Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2226-9337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk","family":"Schr\u00f6pfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"42220 Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pr\u00fcfung (BAM) , Berlin , Germany"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_001","unstructured":"Technical Principles of mechanisms\u00a0\u2013 Terminology of mechanisms, VDI 2127, 1993 [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.dinmedia.de\/de\/technische-regel\/vdi-2127\/954759."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G. Niemann and H. Winter, Maschinenelemente\u00a0\u2013 Band 2: Getriebe allgemein, Zahnradgetriebe\u00a0\u2013 Grundlagen, Stirnradgetriebe, Berlin, Germany, Springer, 2003.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-11873-3_2"},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. Czichos and K.-H. Habig, Tribologie-Handbuch\u00a0\u2013 Tribometrie, Tribomaterialien, Tribotechnik, Berlin, Germany, Springer, 2020.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-658-29484-7"},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. Czichos, \u201cTribologie\u00a0\u2013 50 Jahre interdisziplin\u00e4re Reibungs- und Verschlei\u00dfforschung,\u201d Mater. Test., vol.\u00a058, nos. 11\u201312, pp.\u00a0921\u2013926, 2016, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3139\/120.110943.","DOI":"10.3139\/120.110943"},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_005","unstructured":"Gears\u00a0\u2013 Wear and Damage to Gear Teeth\u00a0\u2013 Part 1: Nomenclature and Characteristics, ISO 10825-1, May 2022 [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.dinmedia.de\/de\/norm\/iso-10825-1\/355735018."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_006","unstructured":"G. Niemann and H. Rettig, \u201cDer FZG-Zahnrad-Kurztest zur Pr\u00fcfung von Getriebe\u00f6len,\u201d Erd\u00f6l und Kohle, vol.\u00a007, no.\u00a010, pp.\u00a0640\u2013642, 1954."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_007","unstructured":"H. Winter, K. Michaelis, Fresstragf\u00e4higkeit von Stirnradgetrieben, Antriebstechnik, vol. 14, Part 1: no. 07, pp. 405\u00a0\u2013 409 \/Part 2: no. 08, pp. 461\u00a0\u2013 465, 1975."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_008","unstructured":"B.R. H\u00f6hn, P. Oster, K. Michaelis, Zahnfu\u00df-betriebsfestigkeitsuntersuchungen\u00a0an einsatzgeh\u00e4rteten zahnr\u00e4dern, Antriebstechnik, vol. 40, Part 1: no. 08, pp. 37\u00a0\u2013 39 \/Part 2: no. 09, pp. 65\u00a0\u2013 69, 2001."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Sitzmann, Th. Tobie, K. Stahl, and S. Schurer, \u201cInfluence of the case properties after nitriding on the load carrying capacity of highly loaded gears,\u201din ASME 2019 International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference, Proceedings, Anaheim, CA, USA, 2019, pp.\u00a01\u20139.","DOI":"10.1115\/DETC2019-97405"},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_010","unstructured":"Gears\u00a0\u2013 FZG Test Procedures\u00a0\u2013 Part 1: FZG Test Method A\/8,3\/90 for Relative Scuffing Load-Carrying Capacity of Oils, 2006 ISO 14635-1 [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.din.de\/de\/mitwirken\/normenausschuesse\/nam\/veroeffentlichungen\/wdc-beuth:din21:87430709."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_011","unstructured":"Planetary gear drives \u2013 definitions, symbols, designs, calculations, 2012 VDI 2157 [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.din.de\/de\/wdc-beuth:din21:138169923."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. W. M\u00fcller, Die Umlaufgetriebe: Auslegung und vielseitige Anwendungen, Berlin, Germany, Springer, 1998.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-58725-2"},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B. Bender, and K. Gericke, Eds., Pahl\/Beitz Konstruktionslehre, 9th ed. Berlin, Germany, Springer, 2020.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-57303-7"},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_014","unstructured":"K. Roth and R. Simonek, \u201cMechanische verst\u00e4rker,\u201d Konstruktion, vol.\u00a023, no.\u00a03, pp.\u00a090\u201398, 1971."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Roth, Konstruieren mit Konstruktionskatalogen\u00a0\u2013 Band 2: Kataloge, Berlin, Germany, Springer, 2000.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-17466-7"},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_016","unstructured":"Design Methodology for Mechatronic Systems, VDI 2206, June 2004 [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.dinmedia.de\/de\/technische-regel\/vdi-2206\/73296956."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_017","unstructured":"R. Isermann, Mechatronische Systeme\u00a0\u2013 Grundlagen, 2nd ed., Berlin, Germany, Springer, 2007."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_018","unstructured":"S. Rinderknecht, R. Nordmann, and H. Birkhofer, Einf\u00fchrung in die Mechatronik f\u00fcr den Maschinenbau, 2nd ed., Shaker, Ed., Aachen, Germany, 2018."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_019","unstructured":"L. Zhihong, H. Ping, and S. Rinderknecht, \u201cA combined theoretical and experimental Investigation of the overall energy consumption in a wet dual clutch system during a driving profile,\u201dASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Proceedings, 2021, pp.\u00a01\u20139. online."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_020","unstructured":"Fluid Power Systems and Components\u00a0\u2013 Graphic Symbols and Circuit Diagrams\u00a0\u2013 Part 1: Graphic Symbols for Conventional use and Data-Processing Applications, ISO 1219-1, June 2016 [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.din.de\/de\/mitwirken\/normenausschuesse\/nam\/veroeffentlichungen\/wdc-beuth:din21:297840234."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_021","unstructured":"K. V. Schaller, Betriebsfestigkeitsuntersuchungen zur Gr\u00fcbchenbildung an einsatzgeh\u00e4rteten Stirnflanken, Ph.D. dissertation, FZG\u00a0\u2013 Department of Design Components, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany, 1990."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_022","unstructured":"C. Ebersp\u00e4cher, Reihenfolgeeffekte bei der Gr\u00fcbchen-Betriebsfestigkeit einsatzgeh\u00e4rteter Zahnr\u00e4der, Ph.D. dissertation, FZG\u00a0\u2013 Department of Design Components, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany, 1995."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_023","unstructured":"C. Lohmann, Zusammenhang von Erm\u00fcdung, Rissbildung, Verschlei\u00df und Graufleckentragf\u00e4higkeit an Stirnr\u00e4dern, Ph.D. dissertation, Chair of Industrial and Automotive Drivetrains (LIFA), Ruhr-University Bochum (RUB), Bochum, Germany, 2016."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Kretschmer, \u201cEine Leistungspr\u00fcfanlage f\u00fcr Triebelemente,\u201d Mater. Test., vol.\u00a001, no.\u00a004, pp.\u00a0132\u2013141, 1959, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/mt-1959-010402.","DOI":"10.1515\/mt-1959-010402"},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_025","unstructured":"K.-H. Bu\u00dfmann, H. L\u00f6sche, Winkelmessungen an gummi-keilriemen, Kautschuk und Gummi, vol. 11, Part 1: no. 10, pp. 238\u00a0\u2013 242 \/Part 2: no. 11, pp. 266\u00a0\u2013 276, 1958."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_026","unstructured":"P. Schrimmer and H. L\u00f6sche, \u201cTreibriemen, Riementriebe und\u00a0Treibriemenpr\u00fcfung,\u201d Klepzig Fachberichte, vol.\u00a072, no.\u00a001, pp.\u00a04\u201312, 1964."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_027","unstructured":"P. Schrimmer, \u201cProfilverformung und Betriebsverhalten von Keilriemen,\u201d Ph.D. dissertation, Department of mechanical and electrical engineering, Technical University Brunswick, Brunswick, Germany, 1971."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_028","unstructured":"E. Jarchow, K. Langenbeck, H. Benthake, \u201cPlaneten- und \u00dcberlagerungsgetriebe,\u201d Antriebstechnik, vol. 06, Part 1: no. 11, pp. 402\u00a0\u2013 406 \/Part 2: no. 12, pp. 432\u00a0\u2013 440, 1967."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_029","unstructured":"E. Jarchow, \u201cStufenlose hydrostatische Umlauf- und Koppelgetriebe,\u201d VDI-Berichte, vol.\u00a0167, pp.\u00a05\u201320, 1971."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_030","unstructured":"D. Findeisen, \u201cGleichf\u00f6rmig \u00fcbersetzende Getriebe stufenloser \u00dcbersetzungs\u00e4nderung, Gegen\u00fcberstellung von mechanischer und fluidtechnischer Energie\u00fcbertragung,\u201d Part 2, Konstruktion, vol.\u00a033, no.\u00a001, pp.\u00a015\u201324, 1981."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_031","unstructured":"S. Helduser, Grundlagen elektrohydraulischer Antriebe und Steuerungen, Mainz, Germany, Vereinigte Fachverlage, 2013."},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. Findeisen and S. Helduser, \u00d6lhydraulik\u00a0\u2013 Handbuch der hydraulischen Antriebe und Steuerungen, 6th ed., Berlin, Germany, Springer, 2015.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-54909-0"},{"key":"2024122407261068473_j_mt-2023-0136_ref_033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. Findeisen, Durchf\u00fchrung des Pr\u00fcfverfahrens Schwingfestigkeitsversuch\u00a0\u2013 Anforderungen an die Schwingpr\u00fcfmaschine aus systemtheoretischer Sicht, Teil 1 und 2, Mater. Test., vol.\u00a017, no.\u00a04, pp.\u00a096\u2013104, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/mt-1975-170204.","DOI":"10.1515\/mt-1975-170405"}],"container-title":["Materials Testing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/mt-2023-0136\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/mt-2023-0136\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T07:29:44Z","timestamp":1735025384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/mt-2023-0136\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/mt-2023-0136"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/mt-2023-0136","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-5300","2195-8572"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0025-5300"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2195-8572"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]}}}</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">06.01.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Dietmar Findeisen</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reactive power</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Power amplification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Power feedback</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wear testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Strained element pairs</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55445</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>879</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>884</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>108</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier B.V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Ultrasonic assisted milling of a CoCrFeNi medium entropy alloy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Medium and High Entropy Alloys (MEA/HEA) are recently developed material classes, providing manifold applications, e.g., due to extraordinary structural properties. In that connection, the machinability as important issue for the processing of these materials was not in the scientific focus. This study focusses on experimental analysis of milling process conditions including ultrasonic assisted milling (USAM) and their effects on the resulting surface integrity of equiatomic CoCrFeNi-MEA specimens. For that reason, milling parameters (cutting speed, feed per cutting edge) were systematically varied for both conventional milling and USAM. The surface integrity was analyzed in terms of topography, defects, and residual stresses. Especially USAM leads to a decrease of occurring cutting forces and, hence, to an improvement of the surface integrity. Beneficial effects were observed in terms of lower tensile residual stresses at high cutting speed and feed per cutting edge.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Procedia CIRP</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.procir.2022.05.203</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-554458</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>Diego Delgado Arroyo</author>
    <author>Andreas Börner</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>T. Lindner</author>
    <author>M. Löbel</author>
    <author>B. Preuß</author>
    <author>T. Lampke</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Medium entropy alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic Assisted Machining</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface Integrity</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/55445/PROCEDIA CIRP_Ultrasonic assisted milling of a CoCrFeNi medium entropy alloy.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52705</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>2</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>882</volume>
    <type>corrigendum</type>
    <publisherName>IOP Publishing</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Bristol</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Corrigendum: Hydrogen diffusion and local Volta potential in high- and medium-entropy alloys (2020 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 882 012015)</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In the sub-section “2.1 Investigated materials” the  chemical composition of Co, Cr and Mn was in wrong order for both HEA and MEA. The content of table 1 is here included in the correct version.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1088/1757-899X/882/1/012027</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-527050</identifier>
    <enrichment key="RelatedIdentifier">https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/882/1/012027/pdf</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="RelatedIdentifier">https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/51168</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>Annica Wetzel</author>
    <author>Ozlem Oczan</author>
    <author>Jonathan Nietzke</author>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/52705/Rhode_2020_IOP_Conf._Ser.__Mater._Sci._Eng._882_012027.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59577</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>11</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Local mechanical properties of dissimilar metal TIG welded joints of CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy and AISI 304 austenitic steel</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Multiple principal element alloys encompass the well-known high entropy alloys (HEA). The alloy system represents a new class of materials consisting of at least three alloying elements, each containing 5 to 35 at.%. Thus, this alloying concept differs fundamentally from conventional materials such as steel or nickel alloys. For this purpose, the alloying elements are specifically selected, the microstructures are adjusted in a single-phase and, in some cases, multi-phase manner. In particular, conflicting goals, such as the trade-off between strength and ductility in conventional steels, are overcome. However, in the last 20 years, the focus has been on material synthesis. With the increase in available material quantities, the focus is now on processing issues such as joining and welding processes. The weldability of HEAs has received very little attention so far. The experience with dissimilar metal welds is completely lacking but is essential for the application of these materials in combination with conventional materials. The present study presents comprehensive experimental results on the weldability of an equimolar CoCrFeMnNi-HEA in cold-rolled and heat-treated condition, which was joined by tungsten inert gas welding to an austenitic steel AISI 304. The mechanical properties of the dissimilar metal welds were characterized by cross-weld tensile samples, whereas the local deformation in the weld of the different welding zones was measured by digital image correlation. In accordance with the respective initial HEA condition (cold-rolled vs. heat-treated), the local strain behavior was divergent and influenced the global mechanical properties of both DMW types. Nonetheless, the experiments provided proof in principle of the weldability for dissimilar joints of the CoCrFeMnNi-HEA welded to conventional materials like austenitic stainless steels ensuring a corresponding capability for mechanical loading. This allows further considerations on the application of these innovative materials.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-024-01718-4</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-595775</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0043-2288</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_data">{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T00:26:13Z","timestamp":1708993573334},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pr\u00fcfung (BAM)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Weld World"],"abstract":"&lt;jats:title&gt;Abstract&lt;\/jats:title&gt;&lt;jats:p&gt;Multiple principal element alloys encompass the well-known high entropy alloys (HEA). The alloy system represents a new class of materials consisting of at least three alloying elements, each containing 5 to 35 at.%. Thus, this alloying concept differs fundamentally from conventional materials such as steel or nickel alloys. For this purpose, the alloying elements are specifically selected, the microstructures are adjusted in a single-phase and, in some cases, multi-phase manner. In particular, conflicting goals, such as the trade-off between strength and ductility in conventional steels, are overcome. However, in the last 20\u00a0years, the focus has been on material synthesis. With the increase in available material quantities, the focus is now on processing issues such as joining and welding processes. The weldability of HEAs has received very little attention so far. The experience with dissimilar metal welds is completely lacking but is essential for the application of these materials in combination with conventional materials. The present study presents comprehensive experimental results on the weldability of an equimolar CoCrFeMnNi-HEA in cold-rolled and heat-treated condition, which was joined by tungsten inert gas welding to an austenitic steel AISI 304. The mechanical properties of the dissimilar metal welds were characterized by cross-weld tensile samples, whereas the local deformation in the weld of the different welding zones was measured by digital image correlation. In accordance with the respective initial HEA condition (cold-rolled vs. heat-treated), the local strain behavior was divergent and influenced the global mechanical properties of both DMW types. Nonetheless, the experiments provided proof in principle of the weldability for dissimilar joints of the CoCrFeMnNi-HEA welded to conventional materials like austenitic stainless steels ensuring a corresponding capability for mechanical loading. This allows further considerations on the application of these innovative materials.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;","DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-024-01718-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T05:02:21Z","timestamp":1708923741000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Local mechanical properties of dissimilar metal TIG welded joints of CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy and AISI 304 austenitic steel"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4490-4688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Rhode","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kjell","family":"Erxleben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Schroepfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Mente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1718_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2003.10.257","volume":"375\u2013377","author":"B Cantor","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cantor B, Chang I, Knight P et al (2004) Microstructural development in equiatomic multicomponent alloys. Mater Sci Eng A 375\u2013377:213\u2013218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msea.2003.10.257","journal-title":"Mater Sci Eng A"},{"issue":"19","key":"1718_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3129","DOI":"10.1557\/jmr.2018.283","volume":"33","author":"JW Yeh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yeh JW, Lin SJ (2018) Breakthrough applications of high-entropy materials. J Mater Res 33(19):3129\u20133137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1557\/jmr.2018.283","journal-title":"J Mater Res"},{"key":"1718_CR3","unstructured":"Heeger Materials (2023) Fe-Co-Ni-Cr-Mo spherical high-entropy alloy (HEA) powder. Heeger Materials Inc., St. Denver, CO, USA. Accessible via: https:\/\/heegermaterials.com\/spherical-powder\/1490-spherical-refractory-high-entropy-alloy-powder-hea-fe-co-ni-cr-mo.html. Accessed 2023\u201309\u201307"},{"key":"1718_CR4","unstructured":"Stanford Advanced Materials (2023) DP3189 FeCrNiMnAl high-entropy alloy (HEA) spherical powder. Stanford Advanced Materials Inc., Lake Forest, CA, USA. Accessible via: https:\/\/www.samaterials.com\/fecrnimnal-high-entropy-alloy-hea-spherical-powder.html. Accessed 2023\u201309\u201307"},{"key":"1718_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-021-01110-6","volume":"65","author":"M Rhode","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rhode M, Richter T, Schroepfer D (2021) Welding of high-entropy alloys and compositionally complex alloys - an overview. Weld World 65:1645\u20131659. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40194-021-01110-6","journal-title":"Weld World"},{"key":"1718_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmapro.2021.05.042","volume":"68A","author":"J Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li J, Meng X, Wan L et al (2021) Welding of high entropy alloys: progresses, challenges and perspectives. J Manuf Process 68A:293\u2013331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmapro.2021.05.042","journal-title":"J Manuf Process"},{"issue":"2","key":"1718_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.3390\/met10020212","volume":"10","author":"JG Lopes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lopes JG, Oliveira JP (2020) A short review on welding and joining of high entropy alloys. Metals 10(2):212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/met10020212","journal-title":"Metals"},{"issue":"4","key":"1718_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.3390\/e21040431","volume":"21","author":"J Guo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Guo J, Tang C, Rothwell G et al (2019) Welding of high entropy alloys - a review. Entropy 21(4):431. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/e21040431","journal-title":"Entropy"},{"issue":"11","key":"1718_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.3390\/met9111206","volume":"9","author":"P Carlone","year":"2019","unstructured":"Carlone P, Astarita A (2019) Dissimilar metal welding. Metals 9(11):1206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/met9111206","journal-title":"Metals"},{"issue":"9\u201312","key":"1718_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2845","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-019-03353-6","volume":"102","author":"Y Fang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fang Y, Jiang X, Mo D et al (2019) A review on dissimilar metals\u2019 welding methods and mechanisms with interlayer. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 102(9\u201312):2845\u20132863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00170-019-03353-6","journal-title":"Int J Adv Manuf Technol"},{"key":"1718_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115053","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scriptamat.2022.115053","volume":"222","author":"J Shen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shen J, Goncalves R, Choi YT et al (2023) Microstructure and mechanical properties of gas metal arc welded CoCrFeMnNi joints using a 308 stainless steel filler metal. Scripta Mater 222:115053. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scriptamat.2022.115053","journal-title":"Scripta Mater"},{"issue":"2","key":"1718_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1080\/13621718.2019.1644471","volume":"25","author":"H Nam","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nam H, Park E, Chun EJ et al (2019) Laser dissimilar weldability of cast and rolled CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloys for cryogenic applications. Sci Technol Weld Joining 25(2):127\u2013134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13621718.2019.1644471","journal-title":"Sci Technol Weld Joining"},{"issue":"11","key":"1718_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4280","DOI":"10.1007\/s11837-022-05500-z","volume":"74","author":"N Samiuddin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Samiuddin N, Li J, Muzamil M et al (2022) Parametric optimization of diffusion welding process in joining of CoCrNi medium-entropy alloys (MEA) and SUS 304 stainless steel using full factorial design. JOM 74(11):4280\u20134293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11837-022-05500-z","journal-title":"JOM"},{"key":"1718_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2022.110717","volume":"219","author":"JP Oliveira","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oliveira JP, Shamsolhodaei A, Shen J et al (2022) Improving the ductility in laser welded joints of CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy to 316 stainless steel. Mater Des 219:110717. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matdes.2022.110717","journal-title":"Mater Des"},{"key":"1718_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2022.142979","volume":"840","author":"H Do","year":"2022","unstructured":"Do H, Asadi S, Park N (2022) Microstructural and mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir welded CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy to STS304 stainless steel. Mater Sci Eng A 840:142979. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msea.2022.142979","journal-title":"Mater Sci Eng A"},{"key":"1718_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2021.02.003","volume":"85","author":"NK Adomako","year":"2021","unstructured":"Adomako NK, Shin G, Park N et al (2021) Laser dissimilar welding of CoCrFeMnNi-high entropy alloy and duplex stainless steel. J Mater Sci Technol 85:95\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmst.2021.02.003","journal-title":"J Mater Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1718_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.3390\/e23010078","volume":"23","author":"D Luo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Luo D, Xiao Y, Hardwick L et al (2021) High entropy alloys as filler metals for joining. Entropy 23(1):78. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/e23010078","journal-title":"Entropy"},{"issue":"1","key":"1718_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2022.168000","volume":"935","author":"KS Disna Sahane","year":"2023","unstructured":"Disna Sahane KS, Singh S, Sivaprahasam D et al (2023) Investigation on high entropy alloys as interconnect material for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells. J Alloy Compd 935(1):168000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jallcom.2022.168000","journal-title":"J Alloy Compd"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"1718_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1007\/s11085-016-9616-1","volume":"85","author":"G Laplanche","year":"2016","unstructured":"Laplanche G, Volkert UF, Eggeler G et al (2016) Oxidation behavior of the CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy. Oxid Met 85(5\u20136):629\u2013645. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11085-016-9616-1","journal-title":"Oxid Met"},{"key":"1718_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2021.125271","volume":"275","author":"T Richter","year":"2022","unstructured":"Richter T, Schroepfer D, Rhode M et al (2022) Influence of machining on the surface integrity of high- and medium-entropy alloys. Mater Chem Phys 275:125271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2021.125271","journal-title":"Mater Chem Phys"},{"issue":"6","key":"1718_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3390\/jmmp6060147","volume":"6","author":"T Richter","year":"2022","unstructured":"Richter T, Schroepfer D, Rhode M (2022) Residual stresses in a high- and a medium-entropy alloy due to TIG and friction stir welding. J Manuf Mater Process 6(6):147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jmmp6060147","journal-title":"J Manuf Mater Process"},{"issue":"1","key":"1718_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3390\/jmmp6010005","volume":"6","author":"T Richter","year":"2022","unstructured":"Richter T, Giese M, Rhode M et al (2022) Influence of surface preparation on cracking phenomena in TIG-welded high and medium entropy alloys. J Manuf Mater Process 6(1):5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jmmp6010005","journal-title":"J Manuf Mater Process"},{"key":"1718_CR23","unstructured":"Strassburg FW, Wehner H (2009) Schwei\u00dfen nichtrostender St\u00e4hle. DVS-Fachb\u00fccher No. 67, DVS-Verlag D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany, 4th ed"},{"key":"1718_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"DIN EN ISO 14175: Welding consumables - gases and gas mixtures for fusion welding and allied processes. German version of EN ISO 14175:2008. Beuth-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31030\/1401612","DOI":"10.31030\/1401612"},{"key":"1718_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"DIN 50159\u20131:2022: Metallische Werkstoffe - H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung nach dem UCI-Verfahren - Teil 1: Pr\u00fcfverfahren (in German). English title: Metallic materials - hardness testing with the UCI method - Part 1: Test method. Beuth-Verlag GmbH, Berlin, Germany. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31030\/3346612","DOI":"10.31030\/3346612"},{"key":"1718_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"DIN EN ISO 6892\u20131: Metallic materials - tensile testing \u2013 part 1: method of test at room temperature. German version of EN ISO 6892\u20131:2019. Beuth-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31030\/3132591","DOI":"10.31030\/3132591"},{"issue":"7","key":"1718_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1080\/13621718.2018.1430114","volume":"23","author":"Z Wu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wu Z, David SA, Leonard DN et al (2018) Microstructures and mechanical properties of a welded CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy. Sci Tech Weld Join 23(7):585\u2013595. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13621718.2018.1430114","journal-title":"Sci Tech Weld Join"},{"key":"1718_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Richter T, Erxleben K, Rhode M et al (2023) Microstructure characterization of dissimilar metal welds of innovative high- and medium-entropy alloys to austenitic stainless steels joint by tungsten inert gas and friction stir weldingg. Weld World\u00a0 1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40194-023-01618-z","DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-023-01618-z"},{"key":"1718_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20159","DOI":"10.1038\/srep20159","volume":"6","author":"K Jin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jin K, Sales BC, Stocks GM et al (2016) Tailoring the physical properties of Ni-based single-phase equiatomic alloys by modifying the chemical complexity. Sci Rep 6:20159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep20159","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1718_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intermet.2020.107029","volume":"129","author":"J Saha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Saha J, Ummethala G, Malladi SRK et al (2021) Severe warm-rolling mediated microstructure and texture of equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy: a comparison with cold-rolling. Intermetallics 129:107029. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intermet.2020.107029","journal-title":"Intermetallics"},{"key":"1718_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchar.2015.09.027","volume":"109","author":"G Dan Sathiaraj","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dan Sathiaraj G, Bhattacharjee PP (2015) Effect of cold-rolling strain on the evolution of annealing texture of equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy. Mater Charact 109:189\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matchar.2015.09.027","journal-title":"Mater Charact"},{"issue":"2","key":"1718_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1007\/s11595-015-1157-y","volume":"30","author":"DZ Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li DZ, Wei YH, Song JL et al (2014) Effect of heat-treatment temperature on the mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of cold-rolled twinning-induced plasticity steel. J Wuhan Univ Technol - Mater Sci Ed 30(2):386\u2013391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11595-015-1157-y","journal-title":"J Wuhan Univ Technol - Mater Sci Ed"},{"key":"1718_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ASTM A370\u201323: Standard methods and definitions for mechanical testing of steel products. 2017 Edition. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1520\/A0370-23","DOI":"10.1520\/A0370-23"},{"key":"1718_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McGuire MF (2008) Stainless steels for design engineers. ASM International, Materials Park, OH, USA","DOI":"10.31399\/asm.tb.ssde.9781627082860"},{"issue":"10","key":"1718_CR35","first-page":"355-s","volume":"78","author":"AP Reynolds","year":"1999","unstructured":"Reynolds AP, Duvall F (1999) Digital image correlation for determination of weld and base metal constitutive behavior. Weld J 78(10):355-s-360-s","journal-title":"Weld J"},{"key":"1718_CR36","unstructured":"Hertzberg RW, Vinci RP, Hertzberg JL (2012) Deformation and fracture mechanics of engineering materials. Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd, New York, USA, 5th ed"},{"issue":"1","key":"1718_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.5781\/JWJ.2020.38.1.1","volume":"38","author":"M Abdul Karim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abdul Karim M, Park YD (2020) A review on welding of dissimilar metals in car body manufacturing. J Weld Join 38(1):8\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5781\/JWJ.2020.38.1.1","journal-title":"J Weld Join"},{"key":"1718_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scriptamat.2017.03.029","volume":"135","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Lee DH, Seok MY et al (2017) Resistance of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy to gaseous hydrogen embrittlement. Scripta Mater 135:54\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scriptamat.2017.03.029","journal-title":"Scripta Mater"},{"issue":"10","key":"1718_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2018.07.015","volume":"21","author":"H Luo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Luo H, Lu WJ, Fang XF et al (2018) Beating hydrogen with its own weapon: nano-twin gradients enhance embrittlement resistance of a high-entropy alloy. Mater Today 21(10):1003\u20131009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mattod.2018.07.015","journal-title":"Mater Today"},{"key":"1718_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/882\/1\/012015Richter","volume":"882","author":"M Rhode","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rhode M, Wetzel A, Oczan O et al (2020) Hydrogen diffusion and local Volta potential in high- and medium-entropy alloys. IOP Conf Ser: Mater Sci Eng 882:012015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1757-899X\/882\/1\/012015Richter","journal-title":"IOP Conf Ser: Mater Sci Eng"},{"key":"1718_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.corsci.2018.02.031","volume":"134","author":"H Luo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Luo H, Li ZM, Mingers AM et al (2018) Corrosion behavior of an equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy compared with 304 stainless steel in sulfuric acid solution. Corros Sci 134:131\u2013139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.corsci.2018.02.031","journal-title":"Corros Sci"}],"container-title":["Welding in the World"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40194-024-01718-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40194-024-01718-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40194-024-01718-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T05:21:14Z","timestamp":1708924874000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40194-024-01718-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["1718"],"URL":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/s40194-024-01718-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-2288","1878-6669"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-2288","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-6669","type":"electronic"}],"subject":["Metals and Alloys","Mechanical Engineering","Mechanics of Materials"],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 November 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 February 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 February 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">18.03.2024</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>Kjell Erxleben</author>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Tobias Mente</author>
    <author>Thomas Michael</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>TIG welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-entropy alloys</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mechanical properties</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dissimilar metal weld</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/59577/Online_first_s40194-024-01718-4.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54169</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>13</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>5</issue>
    <volume>6</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel (CH)</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of Surface Preparation on Cracking Phenomena in TIG-Welded High and Medium Entropy Alloys</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Multi-element systems with defined entropy (HEA—high entropy alloy or MEA—medium entropy alloy) are rather new material concepts that are becoming increasingly important in materials research and development. Some HEA systems show significantly improved properties or combinations of properties, e.g., the overcoming of the trade-off between high strength and ductility. Thus, the synthesis, the resulting microstructures, and properties of HEA have been primarily investigated so far. In addition, processing is crucial to achieve a transfer of potential HEA/MEA materials to real applications, e.g., highly stressed components. Since fusion welding is the most important joining process for metals, it is of vital importance to investigate the weldability of these materials. However, this has rarely been the subject of research to date. For that reason, in this work, the weldability depending on the surface preparation of a CoCrFeMnNi HEA and a CoCrNi MEA for TIG welding is investigated. The fusion welding of longer plates is described here for the first time for the CoCrNi alloy. The welds of both materials showed distinct formation of cracks in the heat affected Zone (HAZ). Optical and scanning electron microscopy analysis clearly confirmed an intergranular fracture topography. However, based on the results, the crack mechanism cannot be conclusively identified as either a liquid metal embrittlement (LME) or hot cracking-like liquid film separation.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2504-4494</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/jmmp6010005</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-541697</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">2nd International Conference on Advanced Joining Processes</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Sintra, Portugal</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">21.10.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">22.10.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">04.04.2022</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>Marcel Giese</author>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Michael</author>
    <author>Tobias Fritsch</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>TIG welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High entropy alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Medium entropy alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface preparation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.5 Röntgenbildgebung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/54169/jmmp-06-00005-v2_Authors_copy.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57299</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>18</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>13</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel (CH)</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of Milling Conditions on AlxCoCrFeNiMoy Multi-Principal-Element Alloys</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Multi-Principal-Element or High-Entropy Alloys (MPEAs/HEAs) have gained increasing interest in the past two decades largely due to their outstanding properties such as superior mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. However, research studies on their processability are still scarce. This work assesses the effect of different machining conditions on the machinability of these novel alloys, with the objective of advancing the introduction of MPEA systems into industrial applications. The present study focuses on the experimental analysis of finish-milling conditions and their effects on the milling process and resulting surface finish of CoCrFeNi, Al0.3CoCrFeNi and Al0.3CoCrFeNiMo0.2 alloys fabricated via Spark Plasma Sintering. Ball-nose-end milling experiments have been carried out various milling parameters such as cutting speed, feed per cutting edge, and ultrasonic assistance. In situ measurements of cutting forces and temperature on the tool edge were performed during the experiments, and surface finish and tool wear were analyzed afterwards. The results exhibited decreasing cutting forces by means of low feed per cutting edge and reduced process temperatures at low cutting speed, with the use of ultrasonic-assisted milling. It was shown that the machinability of these modern alloys through conventional, as well as modern machining methods such as ultrasonic-assisted milling, is viable, and common theories in machining can be transferred to these novel MPEAs.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Coatings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/coatings13030662</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-572990</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">17.04.2023</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Diego Delgado Arroyo</author>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Andreas Boerner</author>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>T. Lindner</author>
    <author>B. Preuß</author>
    <author>T. Lampke</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multi-principal element alloys</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Finish milling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Spark plasma sintering</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic-assisted milling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Microstructure characterization</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/57299/MDPI_Coatings_Milling_AlCoCrFeNiMo_mit_TU_Chemnitz.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57298</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>14</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>35</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam (NL)</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Microstructure and texture characterisation of friction stir welded CoCrNi and CoCrFeMnNi multi-principle element alloys</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This work investigates the microstructure formed in friction stir welds of FCC alloys, focused on two multiprincipal alloys: a CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) and a CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy (MEA). A commercial stainless steel AISI 304 is used for comparison. The largest nugget was formed in the MEA, while the smallest was formed in the HEA. Grain refinement occurs in the stirred zone in all welds. Discontinuous dynamic recrystallisation is the predominant restoration mechanism during friction stir welding of the three investigated alloys. A sharp decrement in the Σ3 boundary fraction occurs in the stirred zone of the AISI 304 and HEA welds, while comparable values with the base metal are found for the MEA weld. The peak in the maximum index of crystallographic texture is observed on the advancing side of the stirred zone of the AISI 304 weld. A strong &lt;001&gt; θ-fibre texture is formed in the advancing side of the nugget in the AISI 304 from a well-established {123} &lt;634&gt; S-type texture in the base metal. Multiple crystallographic texture components without specific fibres are identified in most regions of the welds, indicating the complex shear path history during friction stir welding.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials Today Communications</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.105870</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-572987</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">05.06.2023</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>R.H. Buzolin</author>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>F. Pixner</author>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>N. Enzinger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Microstructure</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multiple principal element alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Friction stir welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electron backscattered diffraction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Crystallographic texture</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/57298/Buzolin_Richter_Microstructure_MPEA_FSW.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>53607</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Characterization of cracking phenomena in TIG welds of high and medium entropy alloy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Multi-element systems with defined entropy (HEA - High Entropy Alloy or MEA - Medium Entropy Alloy) are rather new material concepts that are becoming increasingly important in materials research and development. Some HEA systems show significantly improved properties or combinations of properties, e.g., the overcome of the trade-off between high strength and ductility. Thus, the synthesis, the resulting microstructures, and properties of HEA have been primarily investigated so far. In addition, processing is crucial to achieve a transfer of potential HEA/MEA materials to real applications, e.g. highly stressed components. Since fusion welding is the most important joining process for metals, it is of vital importance to investigate the weldability of these materials. However, this has rarely been the subject of research up to date. For that reason, in this work the weldability depending on the surface preparation of a CoCrFeMnNi-HEA and a CoCrNi-MEA for TIG welding is investigated. The fusion welding of longer plates is described here for the first time for the CoCrNi alloy. The welds of both materials showed distinct formation of cracks in the heat affected zone (HAZ). Optical and scanning electron microscopy analysis clearly confirmed an intergranular fracture topography. But based on the results, the crack mechanism cannot be conclusively clarified as either a liquid metal embrittlement (LME) or hot cracking like liquid film separation occurred.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">2nd International Conference on Advanced Joining Processes</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">21.10.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">22.10.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>Marcel Diese</author>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High Entropy Alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>TIG welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>41066</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Formation of multi-axial welding stresses due to material behaviour during fabrication of high-strength steel components</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Today an expanding application of high-strength steels in modern welded constructions can be observed. The economical use of these steel grades largely depends on the strength and reliability of the weldments. Therefore the special microstructure and mechanical properties of these grades have to be taken into account by keener working ranges regarding the welding parameters. However, performance and safety of welded components are strongly affected by the stresses occurring during and after welding fabrication locally in the weld seam and globally in the whole component, especially if the shrinkage and distortion due to welding are restrained. Some extensive studies describe the optimization of the welding stresses and the metallurgical effects regarding an adapted welding heat control. In particular lower working temperatures revealed to be effective to significantly reduce the local and global welding induced residual stresses of the completed weld. However, decreased interpass temperatures cause concurrently higher stresses during welding fabrication. This work shows some strategies to reduce these in-process stresses. With help of multi-axial welding stress analyses in component-related weld tests using a special 2-MN-testing facility differences in stress build-up are described in detail for root welds, filler layers and subsequent cooling to ambient temperature.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Intermediate Meeting, C-II-A</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Trollhättan, Sweden</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">06.03.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">06.03.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>GMA Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process parameters</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Restraint</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56719</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>737</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>745</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>382</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>DVS Media GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Düsseldorf</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einfluss von Wärmeführung und Bauteildesign auf die Eigenschaften und fertigungsbedingten Beanspruchungen additiv geschweißter hochfester Feinkornbaustähle</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Hochfeste Feinkornbaustähle verfügen über großes Potenzial für gewichtsoptimierte, effiziente Strukturen in vielen modernen Stahlkonstruktion. Weitere Effizienzsteigerungen können durch additives Fertigen sowie bionische Bauweisen erreicht werden. Hochfeste Zusatzwerkstoffe für additives MSG-Schweißen (engl.: Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing, WAAM) sind bereits von den Schweißzusatzherstellern lieferbar. Eine breite industrielle Anwendung insbesondere für KMU ist aufgrund fehlender quantitativer Erkenntnisse und Richtlinien bezüglich schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen und Bauteilsicherheit während der Herstellung und des Betriebs derzeit stark limitiert. In einem gemeinsamen Forschungsprojekt (FOSTA-P1380/IGF21162BG) der BAM und der TU Chemnitz werden daher die mit Eigenspannungsausbildung und der Gefahr einer Kaltrissbildung verbundenen prozess- und werkstoffbedingten sowie konstruktiven Einflüsse beim WAAM hochfester Stähle untersucht. Der vorliegende Beitrag fokussiert die Analyse der Auswirkungen von Schweißwärmeführung und Design der WAAM-Bauteile auf die Abkühlbedingungen, Gefüge, mechanisch-technologischen Eigenschaften und Eigenspannungen. Hierfür werden geometrisch definierte Probenkörper (Hohlquader) vollautomatisiert mit einem speziellen, hochfesten WAAM-Massivdraht (Streckgrenze &gt;790 MPa) geschweißt. Die Wärmeführung und Probenabmessungen werden innerhalb eines statistischen Versuchsplans variiert. Die Schweißwärmeführung wird dabei so eingestellt, dass die t8/5-Abkühlzeiten im empfohlenen Verarbeitungsbereich (ca. 5 s bis 20 s) sichergestellt sind. Hierzu ließen sich über zusätzliche thermo-physikalische Umformsimulationen mittels Dilatometer die komplexen Wärmezyklen abbilden und die resultierende Zugfestigkeit des Schweißgutes bestimmen. Das WAAM-Schweißen komplexer Geometrien mit variierenden Schweißwärmeführungen und geometrischen Verhältnissen bzw. Wanddicken bedingt neben den Auswirkungen auf die Abkühlbedingungen, Abkühlzeiten und Gefüge deutliche Einflüsse auf die konstruktiven Steifigkeitsverhältnisse beim Schweißen. Es zeigen sich anhand der Schweißexperimente signifikante Auswirkungen durch Probenskalierung und Wärmeeinbringung auf die resultierenden lokalen Eigenspannungen. Die Folge können ungünstige Bauteileigenschaften und risskritische Zugeigenspannungen sein.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">DVS-Berichte - DVS CONGRESS 2022</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-96144-189-1</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">DVS Congress 2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Koblenz, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">19.09.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">21.09.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>R. Scharf-Wildenhain</author>
    <author>A. Hälsig</author>
    <author>J. Hensel</author>
    <author>Karsten Wandtke</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG-Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive Fertigung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfester Stahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kaltrisssicherheit</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wärmeführung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Windenergie</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>44270</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>459</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>469</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>62</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin, Heidelberg</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Load analyses of welded high-strength steel structures using image correlation and diffraction techniques</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In an increasing number of modern steel applications, high-strength structural steel grades are demanded to meet specifications regarding a high load-bearing capacity and a low operating weight. Lightweight design rules enhance the safety requirements, especially for welded joints. Besides a higher cracking risk for high-strength steel welds, the formation of tensile residual stresses might lead to fracture due to overloading or premature failure if not adequately considered. In this study, a stress-strain analysis was conducted at component-related structures from S960QL using digital image correlation while preheating, welding and cooling adjacent to the weld seam. X-ray diffraction analysis of the local residual stresses in the weld seam showed a good comparability with global analyses using either a DIC system or a special testing facility, which allowed in situ measurements of welding loads. By analysing two different seam geometries, it could be shown that lower multi-axial stresses arise if a narrower weld groove is used. Comparative analyses revealed a direct correlation of the local residual stresses in the weld with transverse shrinkage restraint, whereas the residual stress level in the HAZ is significantly affected by the bending restraint of the weld construction and the occurring bending stresses, respectively.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-018-0566-x</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0043-2288</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1878-6669</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">23.08.2018</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process parameters</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Restraint</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>GMAwelding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55484</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>85</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>99</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>bookpart</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Cham</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Nickel-Iron-Alloy Modification to Enhance Additively Welded Microstructure for Subsequent Milling</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The aerospace industry uses nickel–iron alloys, e.g., FeNi36, to create moulding tools for composite materials, since these alloys have a low coefficient of thermal expansion. Nickel–iron alloys are hard-to-cut materials. The moulding tools are large in size and involve complex structures, making them cost-intensive and difficult to manufacture. Thus, the focus is set on additive manufacturing, which can additionally enable the repair of components in order to eliminate local defects. However, the process usually results in a heterogeneous microstructure and anisotropic mechanical properties. As there is a high demand for a precise and exact fit of the precision moulds and the surface quality, the welded components must be subsequently machined. Additionally, inhomogeneous microstructure may lead to unstable cutting forces and conditions. Consequently, a modification of the microstructure morphology is achieved through specific alloy modifications in order to stabilise and improve the subsequent machining process. Therefore, titanium and zirconium are chosen as modification elements with a maximum 1% weight percent and are added to nickel–iron alloy powder. The elements are alloyed, and build-up welded by plasma-transferred-arcwelding. The resulting microstructure morphology of the welded wall structure and the machining properties are then determined. It can be shown that titanium has a significant effect on the structural morphology of the welded layers, as well as on the machining.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2nd International Conference on Advanced Joining Processes (AJP 2021)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-030-95463-5</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/978-3-030-95463-5_6</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <author>A. Eissel</author>
    <author>Lorenz Engelking</author>
    <author>K. Treutler</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>V. Wesling</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Alloy modification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Alloy 36</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma-transferred arc welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic-assisted milling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface integrity</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>41075</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Formation of multi-axial welding stresses due to material behaviour during fabrication of high-strength steel components</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Today an expanding application of high-strength steels in modern welded constructions can be observed. The economical use of these steel grades largely depends on the strength and reliability of the weldments. Therefore the special microstructure and mechanical properties of these grades have to be taken into account by keener working ranges regarding the welding parameters. However, performance and safety of welded components are strongly affected by the stresses occurring during and after welding fabrication locally in the weld seam and globally in the whole component, especially if the shrinkage and distortion due to welding are restrained. Some extensive studies describe the optimization of the welding stresses and the metallurgical effects regarding an adapted welding heat control. In particular lower working temperatures revealed to be effective to significantly reduce the local and global welding induced residual stresses of the completed weld. However, decreased interpass temperatures cause concurrently higher stresses during welding fabrication. This work shows some strategies to reduce these in-process stresses. With help of multi-axial welding stress analyses in component-related weld tests using a special 2-MN-testing facility differences in stress build-up are described in detail for root welds, filler layers and subsequent cooling to ambient temperature.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Annual Assembly 2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Shanghai, China</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">25.06.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">29.06.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>GMA Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Restraint</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process parameters</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59307</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Residual stress formation in DED-arc manufactured high strength steel components</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Additive manufacturing (AM) processes enable the efficient production of advanced constructions. New developments in topology optimization are leading to weight-optimized designs of increasing complexity. Direct energy deposition processes (DED) such as wire and arc-based additive manufacturing are an important method of additive manufacturing. The wire filler metals enable a wide range of materials, while the arc process provides a high deposition rate compared to laser and powder-based processes. Combined with the use of high-strength steels, the thickness of walls or components can be significantly reduced in the context of lightweight construction, which results in significant savings in energy, costs, time and resources. Suitable high-strength steel filler metals are commercially available for DED-arc AM processes. However, guidelines and quantitative knowledge about welding stresses and cold cracking issues during component production and service are lacking. This limits the industrial application considerably. In a joint project of BAM and Chemnitz University of Technology, the main influences and complex interactions of material, production process, design and processing steps on the residual stress level are investigated. The aim is to develop processing recommendations and a cold cracking test for economical processing and stress-related design of high-strength steels with DED-arc. This study focuses on residual stress analysis by neutron diffraction (ND) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) on defined test specimens. The ND analysis were performed at the Paul Scherrer Institute- Villigen, Switzerland (PSI) and the XRD analysis at BAM. The study shows a quantitative and qualitative comparison of the residual stress magnitudes and distribution between the component bulk (ND) and surface (XRD) analyses. The ND analysis reveals that in DED-arc AM walls the residual stresses dominate in the direction of welding and are negligibly small in each case transverse to the direction of welding. The topology of the analyzed residual stresses shows almost identical residual stress maps compared to XRD. In addition, the residual stresses are significantly influenced by the solid phase transformation of the material due to low cooling times and less post heat treatment cycles of following AM layers  in the area of the top layer.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Intermediate Meeting C-II/CIX</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Munich, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">06.03.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">08.03.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High strength steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stress</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>51584</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Projektvorstellung FOSTA P1311: Beanspruchungsgerechte Reparatur von Schweiß-verbindungen bei der Fertigung von Bauteilen aushochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Bei der Montage von Stahlkonstruktionen kommt es trotz anforderungsgerechter schweißtechnischer Fertigung vereinzelt zur Detektion von unzulässigen Unregelmäßigkeiten im Schweißbereich. Die Verarbeitungsregelwerke empfehlen das lokale thermische Ausfugen betroffener Bereiche und erneutes Schweißen, geben aber aufgrund fehlender wissenschaftlich fundierter Untersuchungen kaum Informationen zu adäquaten Reparaturkonzepten. Dies betrifft insbesondere die Berücksichtigung und Optimierung resultierender schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen durch hohe Schrumpfbehinderungen der Ausfugenuten sowie der Gefügedegradation angrenzender Bereiche durch das Ausfugen und erneute Schweißen. Gerade bei hochfesten Stahlgüten ergeben sich dadurch häufig reduzierte mechanische Eigenschaften und zusätzliche schweißbedingte Beanspruchungen sowie erneut auftretende Nahtdefekte.&#13;
Deshalb sind für das Forschungsvorhaben systematische bauteilrelevante Untersuchungen der schweißbedingten Beanspruchungen und Gefügeveränderungen reparierter Schweißnähte in Abhängigkeit von der Schrumpfbehinderung und Wärmeführung beim Schweißen und Ausfugen sowie von der Reparaturzyklenanzahl geplant, mit dem Ziel Empfehlungen für beanspruchungs- und werkstoffgerechte Reparaturkonzepte abzuleiten. Hierfür sind gerade Analysen an hochfesten Stahlgüten S500 für den Offshore-Bereich und S960QL für den Mobilkranbau interessant, die zur Errichtung und Fertigung hocheffizienter Konstruktionen wie Windenergieanlagen notwendig sind. Die Erkenntnisse bieten eine Grundlage für entsprechende Normen und Regelwerke. Damit können letztlich Schäden und zumeist teure Nacharbeiten verhindert und eine verbesserte Ausnutzung des hohen Festigkeitspotentials hochfester Stähle erreicht werden. Gerade auch KMU können mit Blick auf die Kosten für Fertigung, Schweißarbeit und Material von den Erkenntnissen beim Einsatz hochfester Stähle, die für eine effiziente Realisierung der Energiewende in Deutschland notwendig sind, profitieren</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">NA 092-00-05 GA (DVS AG Q 4/Q 4.1)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Hamm, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">04.03.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reparatur</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wärmeführung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfester Feinkornbaustahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gefügedegradation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56739</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>11</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>2022</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Heat control and design‑related effects on the properties and welding stresses in WAAM components of high‑strength structural steels</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Commercial high-strength fller metals for wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) are already available. However, widespread industrial use is currently limited due to a lack of quantitative knowledge and guidelines regarding welding stresses and component safety during manufacture and operation for WAAM structures. In a joint research project, the process- and material-related as well as design infuences associated with residual stress formation and the risk of cold cracking are being investigated. For this purpose, reference specimens are welded fully automated with defned dimensions and systematic variation of heat control using a special, high-strength WAAM fller metal (yield strength&gt;790 MPa). Heat control is varied by means of heat input (200–650 kJ/m) and interlayer temperature (100–300 °C). The ∆t8/5 cooling times correspond with the recommendations of fller metal producers (approx. 5–20 s). For this purpose, additional thermo-physical forming simulations using a dilatometer allowed the complex heat cycles to be reproduced and the resulting ultimate tensile strength of the weld metal to be determined. Welding parameters and AM geometry are correlated with the resulting microstructure, hardness, and residual stress state. High heat input leads to a lower tensile stress in the component and may cause unfavorable microstructure and mechanical properties. However, a sufciently low interlayer temperature is likely to be suitable for obtaining adequate properties at a reduced tensile stress level when welding with high heat input. The component design afects heat dissipation conditions and the intensity of restraint during welding and has a signifcant infuence on the residual stress. These complex interactions are analyzed within this investigation. The aim is to provide easily applicable processing recommendations and standard specifcations for an economical, appropriate, and crack-safe WAAM of high-strength steels.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the world</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-022-01450-x</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-567397</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1878-6669</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">18.01.2023</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>R. Scharf-Wildenhain</author>
    <author>A. Hälsig</author>
    <author>J. Hensel</author>
    <author>Karsten Wandtke</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>GMA welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cold cracking safety</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Heat control</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wind energy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/56739/s40194-022-01450-x.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57177</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>9</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Heidelberg</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Alloy modification for additive manufactured Ni alloy components—part I: effect on microstructure and hardness of Invar alloy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Alloy 36 (1.3912), also known as “Invar,” is an alloy with 36% nickel. The alloy has a remarkably low thermal expansion coefficient in certain temperature ranges. This peculiarity is called the invar effect, which was discovered in 1896 by the Swiss physicist Charles Édouard Guillaume. Therefore, it is used in applications in which dimensional stability is critical, such as molding tools for composite materials in aerospace, automotive applications, or liquified natural gas (LNG) cargo tanks. Moreover, increasingly complex structures and the optimization of resource efficiency also require additive manufacturing steps for the production or repair of components. Additively manufactured components have a heterogeneous microstructure and anisotropic mechanical properties. In addition, the manufactured components require subsequent machining surface finishing, like finish milling, to achieve their final contour. Nickel iron alloys are difficult to machine. Additionally, inhomogeneous microstructure may lead to unstable cutting forces and conditions. In part I of this investigation, the initial alloy 36 is modified with the elements Ti, Zr, and Hf up to a maximum of 0.33 wt.-%. The influence of the modification elements on the microstructure as well as on the hardness of the AM components is examined. Furthermore, one modification is applied to metal arc welding process and investigated. Part II focuses on the effect of the alloy modifications on machinability as well as on the surface integrity of plasma-transferred-arc-welded (PTA) and finish milled invar components.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-023-01510-w</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-571777</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0043-2288</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">75th IIW Annual Assembly</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Tokyo, Japan</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">17.07.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">22.07.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">03.04.2023</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>A. Eissel</author>
    <author>Lorenz Engelking</author>
    <author>R. Gustus</author>
    <author>K. Treutler</author>
    <author>V. Wesling</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Alloy modification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Alloy 36</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Plasma-transferred arc welding</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/57177/Alloy modification for additive manufactured Ni alloy components_part I.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57524</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>4191</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>4198</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>9</issue>
    <volume>126</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Nature</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Optimisation of surface residual stresses using ultrasonic‑assisted milling for wire‑arc additive manufactured Ni alloy components</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Nickel alloys are cost intensive materials and generally classified as difficult-to-cut material. However, machining of these materials is needed especially in case of alloy 36 (1.3912), which is commonly used in mould construction for the production of fibre-reinforced composites. With regard to repair, modification and manufacturing of such components, additive manufacturing offers significant economic advantages. Nevertheless, subsequent machining steps are needed to achieve the final component contour and defined surface conditions. Dependent on the material and machining process conditions, detrimental tensile residual stresses may be the result on the machined surface, having negative impact on the component performance and safety. In this investigation, machining experiments were carried out on wire arc additive manufactured components made of alloy 36, varying the cutting speed and the feed rate. In addition, the conventional milling process (CM) was compared with a modern, hybrid machining process, the ultrasonic-assisted milling (US). The cutting forces and the surface-near residual stresses were analysed using X-ray diffraction. A significant improvement of the machinability as well as the surface integrity by using the ultrasonic assistance was observed, especially at low cutting speeds. The CM induced mainly tensile residual stresses, the US mainly compressive residual stresses.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1433-3015</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s00170-023-11326-z</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-575246</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">24.05.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Lorenz Engelking</author>
    <author>A. Eissel</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>K. Treutler</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <author>V. Wesling</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface integrity</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic-assisted milling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ni alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Alloy 36</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/57524/s00170-023-11326-z.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56629</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>793</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>798</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>108</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier B.V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Tool development for hybrid finishing milling of iron aluminides</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The importance of high-temperature materials made of iron aluminides (FeAl) has been increasing in light weight applications, e.g., airplane turbines, due to the high material’s specific strength. However, the highly economic production by means of permanent mold casting involves special microstructures for Fe26Al4Mo0.5Ti1B alloy components leading to difficult machinability for subsequent finishing milling and low surface qualities. Major effects of tool and machining parameter variation incorporating ultrasonic assistance on the milling process and surface integrity are shown. Loads for tool and component surface are significantly adjustable to enable an economic process chain regarding the surface integrity of safety-relevant components.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Procedia CIRP</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.procir.2022.03.123</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2212-8271</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-566294</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Julien Witte</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>M. Hamacher</author>
    <author>H. Michels</author>
    <author>C. Hamm</author>
    <author>M. Appelt</author>
    <author>Andreas Börner</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic-assisted milling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Iron aluminide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface integrity</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tool wear</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/56629/J.Witte_Tool development for hybrid finishing milling of iron aluminides.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55582</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>2</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>other</type>
    <publisherName>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Kurzdarstellung der Projektergebnisse: Beanspruchungsgerechte Reparatur von Schweißverbindungen bei der Fertigung von Bauteilen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Bei der Montage von Stahlkonstruktionen kommt es trotz anforderungsgerechter schweißtechnischer Fertigung vereinzelt zur Detektion von unzulässigen Unregelmäßigkeiten im Schweißbereich.&#13;
&#13;
In einem Forschungsprojekt (FOSTA P1311) wurden Untersuchungen durchgeführt und Kenntnisse erarbeitet, um mittelfristig vor allem KMU beanspruchungsgerechte Reparaturkonzepte zur Verfügung zu stellen. Damit können letztlich Schäden und zumeist teure Nacharbeiten verhindert und eine verbesserte Ausnutzung des hohen Festigkeitspotentials hochfester Stähle erreicht werden. Gerade KMU können mit Blick auf die Kosten für Fertigung, Schweißarbeit und Material von den Erkenntnissen beim Einsatz hochfester Stähle, die für eine effiziente Realisierung der Energiewende in Deutschland notwendig sind, profitieren.</abstract>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-555822</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Amadeus Becker</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG-Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfester Stahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermisches Ausfugen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reparaturschweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gefügedegradation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Eigenverlag BAM</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Arbeitspapiere der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/55582/Kurzdarstellung_der_Ergebnisse_P1311_2022.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>58219</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>2</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>other</type>
    <publisherName>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Fertigungsbedingte Beanspruchungen und Kaltrisssicherheit in generativ gefertigten Bauteilen  aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen - Kurzdarstellung der Projektergebnisse, FOSTA P1380</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die Verwendung hochfester Feinkornbaustähle hat für viele Anwendungen des Stahlbaus ein großes Potenzial für gewichtsoptimierte, effiziente Strukturen mit ho-her mechanischer Beanspruchbarkeit. Weitere Zugewinne an Effizienz sind durch generative Fertigungsschritte sowie bionische Bauweisen erzielbar. Hierzu stehen bereits kommerzielle hochfeste drahtförmige Zusatzwerkstoffe für formgebendes MSG-Schweißen zur Verfügung. Dem Einsatz stehen noch fehlende quantitative Aussagen zu den fertigungsbedingten Beanspruchungen und der Bauteilsicherheit während Herstellung und Betrieb im Wege. Dies betrifft insbesondere prozess- sowie materialbedingte Einflüsse und die konstruktive Schrumpfbehinderung verbunden mit der Ausbildung hoher Zugeigenspannungen und damit zusammenhängenden Kaltrissbildung.&#13;
&#13;
Hierfür wurden im Projekt detaillierte und anwenderbezogene Kenntnisse zu den komplexen Wechselwirkungen zwischen Schweißprozess und Wärmeführung während der Fertigung, der metallurgischen Vorgänge und insbesondere der vorliegenden konstruktiven Einflüsse auf die entstehenden Eigenspannungen erarbeitet, um ein frühzeitiges Bauteilversagen aufgrund eines hohen fertigungsbedingten Beanspruchungsniveaus bis hin zu einer Rissbildung während der Fertigung sicher zu vermeiden. Gleichzeitig wurden die Einflüsse auf die mechanisch-technologischen Gütewerte systematisch analysiert. Zudem wurden die Auswirkungen trennender Verfahren durch Entfernen der Substratplatte sowie durch die spanende Bearbeitung der Vorformlinge zu Endbauteilgeometrien geklärt, da diese unmittelbar den Eigenspannungszustand beeinflussen und deutlichen Verzug der Bauteile auslösen.&#13;
&#13;
Für das generative Schweißen konnten Verarbeitungsempfehlungen sowie Normenvorgaben erarbeitet werden. Dies hilft insbesondere KMU eine wirtschaftliche, beanspruchungsgerechte und risssichere generative Fertigung von Bauteilen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen zu ermöglichen.</abstract>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-582198</identifier>
    <note>Das IGF-Vorhaben IGF-Nr. 21162 BG (P 1380) "Fertigungsbedingte Beanspruchungen und Kaltrisssicherheit in generativ gefertigten Bauteilen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen" der Forschungsvereinigung Stahlanwendung e. V. wurde über die AiF im Rahmen des Programms zur Förderung der Industriellen Gemeinschaftsforschung (IGF) vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages gefördert.</note>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Karsten Wandtke</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>R. Scharf-Wildenhain</author>
    <author>A. Hälsig</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <author>J. Hensel</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG-Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive Fertigung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kaltrisssicherheit</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfester Stahl</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Eigenverlag BAM</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Arbeitspapiere der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/58219/Kurzdarstellung_der_Ergebnisse_P1380_20230908.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59521</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>13</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Stresses in repair welding of high-strength steels—part 1: restraint and cold cracking risk</title>
    <abstract language="eng">AbstractThe sustainable and resource-efficient production of wind energy plants requires the use of modern high-strength fine-grain structural steels. This applies to both foundation and erection structures, like mobile or ship cranes. During the assembly of steel structures, unacceptable defects can occasionally be found in the weld area. In most cases, the economical solution would be local thermal gouging of the affected areas and re-welding. Due to the high shrinkage restraint of the joint groove in the overall structure, the superposition of global and local welding-induced stresses may lead to crack formation and component failure, particularly in interaction with the degradation of the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-strength steels during the repair process. However, manufacturers hardly have any information about these issues and there is a lack of recommendations and guidelines to take these safety-relevant aspects into account in adequate repair concepts. The aim of this research is to derive recommendations for repair concepts appropriate to the stresses and materials involved providing a basis for standards and guidelines to avoid cold cracking, damage and expensive reworking especially for high-strength steels. Part 1 of this study involves systematic investigations of influences of shrinkage restraint during repair welding of two high-strength steels S500MLO for offshore application and S960QL for mobile crane structures. The quantification of the shrinkage restraint of repair weld joints was achieved by means of experimental and numerical restraint intensity analysis. In welding experiments with self-restrained slot specimens, restraint intensity and introduction of hydrogen via the welding arc using anti spatter spray were varied systematically to analyse the effect on welding result, residual stresses and cold cracking. It could be shown that increasing restraint intensities result in significantly higher transverse residual stress levels. In the case of hydrogen introduction S500MLO showed no cold cracking independent of the restraint conditions. However, S960QL was found to be considerably cold cracking sensitive if hydrogen is introduced. With increasing restraint intensity length and number of cold cracks increases significantly. Part 2 [1] of this study is focussed on microstructure and residual stresses due to gouging and stress optimization via adequate heat control parameters in repair welding.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-024-01691-y</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0043-2288</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-595212</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_data">{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]],"date-time":"2024-01-26T00:13:07Z","timestamp":1706227987165},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706140800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100021130","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IGF project No. 20162N (FOSTA P1311)"]},{"name":"Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Materialforschung und -pr\u00fcfung (BAM)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Weld World"],"abstract":"&lt;jats:title&gt;Abstract&lt;\/jats:title&gt;&lt;jats:p&gt;The sustainable and resource-efficient production of wind energy plants requires the use of modern high-strength fine-grain structural steels. This applies to both foundation and erection structures, like mobile or ship cranes. During the assembly of steel structures, unacceptable defects can occasionally be found in the weld area. In most cases, the economical solution would be local thermal gouging of the affected areas and re-welding. Due to the high shrinkage restraint of the joint groove in the overall structure, the superposition of global and local welding-induced stresses may lead to crack formation and component failure, particularly in interaction with the degradation of the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-strength steels during the repair process. However, manufacturers hardly have any information about these issues and there is a lack of recommendations and guidelines to take these safety-relevant aspects into account in adequate repair concepts. The aim of this research is to derive recommendations for repair concepts appropriate to the stresses and materials involved providing a basis for standards and guidelines to avoid cold cracking, damage and expensive reworking especially for high-strength steels. Part 1 of this study involves systematic investigations of influences of shrinkage restraint during repair welding of two high-strength steels S500MLO for offshore application and S960QL for mobile crane structures. The quantification of the shrinkage restraint of repair weld joints was achieved by means of experimental and numerical restraint intensity analysis. In welding experiments with self-restrained slot specimens, restraint intensity and introduction of hydrogen via the welding arc using anti spatter spray were varied systematically to analyse the effect on welding result, residual stresses and cold cracking. It could be shown that increasing restraint intensities result in significantly higher transverse residual stress levels. In the case of hydrogen introduction S500MLO showed no cold cracking independent of the restraint conditions. However, S960QL was found to be considerably cold cracking sensitive if hydrogen is introduced. With increasing restraint intensity length and number of cold cracks increases significantly. Part 2 [1] of this study is focussed on microstructure and residual stresses due to gouging and stress optimization via adequate heat control parameters in repair welding.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;","DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-024-01691-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T07:02:40Z","timestamp":1706166160000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stresses in repair welding of high-strength steels\u2014part 1: restraint and cold cracking risk"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2226-9337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Schroepfer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Witte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kromm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T.","family":"Kannengiesser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"1691_CR1","unstructured":"Schroepfer D, Witte J, Kromm A, Kannengiesser T (2023) Stresses in repair welding of high-strength steels, Part 2: Heat Control and Stress Optimization (IIW Doc. II-2264-2023 (II-A-427-2023)). Welding in the World (for submission)"},{"issue":"13","key":"1691_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4637","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15134637","volume":"15","author":"J Moravec","year":"2022","unstructured":"Moravec J, Mi\u010dian M, M\u00e1lek M, \u0160vec M (2022) Determination of CCT diagram by dilatometry analysis of high-strength low-alloy S960MC steel. Materials 15(13):4637. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma15134637","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"1691_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcsr.2011.09.007","volume":"72","author":"J Jiang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jiang J, Zhao M (2012) Influence of residual stress on stress concentration factor for high strength steel welded joints. J Constr Steel Res 72:20\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcsr.2011.09.007","journal-title":"J Constr Steel Res"},{"key":"1691_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","volume-title":"ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering, 2020. V003T03A010","author":"M Braun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Braun M, Milakovi\u0107 A-S, Ehlers S, Kahl A, Willems T, Seidel M, Fischer C (2020) Sub-zero temperature fatigue strength of butt-welded normal and high-strength steel joints for ships and offshore structures in arctic regions. In: ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering, 2020. V003T03A010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/omae2020-18892","DOI":"10.1115\/omae2020-18892"},{"key":"1691_CR5","volume-title":"The Twenty-third International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, 2013. ISOPE-I-13-620","author":"Y Kitagawa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kitagawa Y, Han P, Kawasaki H (2013) Development of high-strength and good-toughness welding consumables for offshore structures. In: The twenty-third international offshore and polar engineering conference, 2013. ISOPE-I-13-620"},{"key":"1691_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2013.09.002","volume":"214","author":"C Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang C, Lu P, Hu X (2014) Residual stress and softening in welded high-strength low-alloy steel with a buffering layer. J Mater Process Technol 214:229\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2013.09.002","journal-title":"J Mater Process Technol"},{"key":"1691_CR7","unstructured":"Kannengiesser T, Schroepfer D (2017) Key aspects of component welding applying higher-strength fine-grained structural steels. In: Conference of Welding Science and Engineering (WSE 2017), Shandong University, Jinan, China"},{"key":"1691_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-018-0566-x","volume":"62","author":"D Schroepfer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schroepfer D, Kromm A, Kannengiesser T (2018) Load analyses of welded high-strength steel structures using image correlation and diffraction techniques. Weld World 62:459\u2013469. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40194-018-0566-x","journal-title":"Weld World"},{"key":"1691_CR9","unstructured":"European Standard EN 1011-2 (2001) Welding - Recommendation for welding of metallic materials - Part 2: Arc welding of ferritic steels."},{"key":"1691_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-015-0257-9","volume":"59","author":"R Schasse","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schasse R, Kannengiesser T, Kromm A, Mente T (2015) Residual stresses in repair welds of high-strength low-alloy steels. Weld World 59:757\u2013765. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40194-015-0257-9","journal-title":"Weld World"},{"key":"1691_CR11","unstructured":"Guyot S, Dubois JM, Bryla P (2009) Welding reparation on thermo-mechanical HSS. In: Conference on high strenght steels for hydropower plants, Japan Electric Power Civil Engineering Association, Takasaki"},{"key":"1691_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nucengdes.2012.01.021","volume":"246","author":"W Jiang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jiang W, Xu XP, Gong JM, Tu ST (2012) Influence of eepair length on residual stress in the repair weld of a clad plate. Nucl Eng Des 246:211\u2013219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nucengdes.2012.01.021","journal-title":"Nucl Eng Des"},{"key":"1691_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-018-0554-1","volume":"62","author":"P Dong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dong P (2018) On repair weld residual stresses and significance to structural integrity. Weld World 62:351\u2013362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40194-018-0554-1","journal-title":"Weld World"},{"key":"1691_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.21741\/9781945291173-35","volume-title":"Proceedings, Residual Stresses 2016: ICRS-10. Materials Research Forum","author":"D Schroepfer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schroepfer D, Flohr K, Kromm A, Kannengiesser T (2017) Multi-axial analyses of welding stresses in high-strength steel welds. In: Proceedings, Residual Stresses 2016: ICRS-10. Materials Research Forum, pp 205\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21741\/9781945291173-35"},{"key":"1691_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Satoh K, Nakajima H, Toyosada M (1972) Restraint intensity of weld joints in the structural members consisting of plates and stiffeners, IIW-Doc X-660-72.","DOI":"10.2534\/jjasnaoe1968.1972.132_371"},{"key":"1691_CR16","first-page":"133","volume":"11","author":"K Satoh","year":"1973","unstructured":"Satoh K, Ueda Y, Kihara H (1973) Recent trends of research into restraint stresses and strains in relation to weld cracking. Weld World 11:133\u2013156","journal-title":"Weld World"},{"key":"1691_CR17","volume-title":"ASM Handbook; Vol. 6: Welding, brazing and soldering","author":"K Masubuchi","year":"1993","unstructured":"Masubuchi K (1993) Residual stresses and distortion. In: ASM Handbook; Vol. 6: Welding, brazing and soldering. ASM International"},{"issue":"4","key":"1691_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1520\/MPC20170103","volume":"7","author":"A Kromm","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kromm A, Lausch T, Schroepfer D, Dixneit J, Hannemann A, Kannengiesser T (2018) From the field to the lab: real scale assessment of stresses in welded components. Mater Perform Charact 7(4):574\u2013593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1520\/MPC20170103","journal-title":"Mater Perform Charact"},{"issue":"3","key":"1691_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-018-00691-z","volume":"63","author":"D Schroepfer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schroepfer D, Kromm A, Schaupp T, Kannengiesser T (2018) Welding stress control in high-strength steel components using adapted heat control concepts. Weld World 63(3):647\u2013661. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40194-018-00691-z","journal-title":"Weld World"},{"issue":"17","key":"1691_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2700","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12172700","volume":"12","author":"J Sun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sun J, Hensel J, Nitschke-Pagel T, Dilger K (2019) Influence of restraint conditions on welding residual stresses in H-type cracking test specimens. Materials 12(17):2700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma12172700","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"1691_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","volume-title":"Trends in Welding Research: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference, Pine Mountain, USA","author":"C Schwenk","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schwenk C, Kannengiesser T, Rethmeier M (2009) Restraint conditions and welding residual stresses in self-restrained cold cracking tests. In: Trends in Welding Research: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference, Pine Mountain, USA. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1361\/cp2008twr766","DOI":"10.1361\/cp2008twr766"},{"issue":"4","key":"1691_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1179\/026708301101509980","volume":"17","author":"PJ Withers","year":"2001","unstructured":"Withers PJ, Bhadeshia HKDH (2001) Overview - Residual stress part 1 - Measurement techniques. Mater Sci Technol 17(4):355\u2013365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/026708301101509980","journal-title":"Mater Sci Technol"},{"key":"1691_CR23","unstructured":"Nitschke-Pagel T, Wohlfahrt H (1991) The generation of residual stresses due to joining processes. Residual stresses - measurement, calculation, evaluation."},{"issue":"4","key":"1691_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1179\/026708301101510087","volume":"17","author":"PJ Withers","year":"2001","unstructured":"Withers PJ, Bhadeshia HKDH (2001) Overview - Residual stress part 2 - Nature and origins. Mater Sci Technol 17(4):366\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/026708301101510087","journal-title":"Mater Sci Technol"},{"key":"1691_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-014-0127-x","volume":"58","author":"D Schroepfer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schroepfer D, Kannengiesser T (2014) Correlating welding reaction stresses and weld process conditions for high-strength steel S960QL. Weld World 58:423\u2013432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40194-014-0127-x","journal-title":"Weld World"},{"key":"1691_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-016-0394-9","volume":"61","author":"D Schroepfer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schroepfer D, Kromm A, Kannengiesser T (2017) Engineering approach to assess residual stresses in welded components. Weld World 61:91\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40194-016-0394-9","journal-title":"Weld World"},{"key":"1691_CR27","unstructured":"Wongpanya P, Boellinghaus T, Lothongkum G (2008) Ways to reduce the cold cracking risk in high strength structural steel welds. In: Safety and reliability of welded components in energy and processing industry - Proceedings of the IIW International Conference, Graz, Verlag der Technischen Universit\u00e4t"}],"container-title":["Welding in the World"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40194-024-01691-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40194-024-01691-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40194-024-01691-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T07:06:15Z","timestamp":1706166375000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40194-024-01691-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["1691"],"URL":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/s40194-024-01691-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-2288","1878-6669"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-2288","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-6669","type":"electronic"}],"subject":["Metals and Alloys","Mechanical Engineering","Mechanics of Materials"],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 November 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 January 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">14.02.2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PaperofMonth">1</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Julien Witte</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Metals and Alloys</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mechanical Engineering</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mechanics of Materials</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/59521/s40194-024-01691-y.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>60025</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>15</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Nature</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Stresses in repair welding of high-strength steels—part 2: heat control and stress optimization</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In welding of high-strength steels, e.g. for foundations and erection structures of wind energy plants, unacceptable defects can occasionally be found in the weld area, which should be removed by thermal gouging and subsequent re-welding. High shrinkage restraint of repair welds may lead to crack formation and component failure, predominantly in interaction with degraded microstructures and mechanical properties due to repair cycles. This study aims for elaboration of recommendations for repair concepts appropriate to the stresses and materials involved to avoid cold cracking, damage and expensive reworking. In part 1 [1] of this study, systematic investigations of influences of shrinkage restraint on residual stresses and cold cracking risk during repair welding of two high-strength steels S500MLO for offshore application and S960QL for mobile crane structures were focussed. In this part 2, the microstructure, particularly hardness, and residual stresses due to gouging and influences of heat control parameters in repair welding are analysed. A clear reduction in residual stress after gouging can be observed, especially for the specimens with restrained transverse shrinkage. Gouging to a depth of approx. 2/3 of the seam height does not lead to a complete relaxation of the observed reaction forces. Particularly for the higher strength steel S960QL, there are pronounced areas influenced by the gouging process in which a degradation of the microstructure and properties should be assumed. Overall, the repair welds show a significant increase in the width of the weld and HAZ compared to the original weld, especially in the case of S960QL/G89. The repair welds show higher welding-induced stresses than the original welds, especially in the areas of the HAZ and the base metal close to the weld seam. This behaviour can be attributed overall to increased restraint conditions due to the remaining root weld or shorter gouge grooves. In good agreement with earlier investigations, the residual stresses transverse to the weld can be significantly reduced by upwardly limited working or interpass temperatures, and the reaction stresses resulting from high restraint conditions can be effectively counteracted. The influence of the heat input on the stress formation is low compared to the interpass temperature for both test materials.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-024-01731-7</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-600259</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0043-2288</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">15.05.2024</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Julien Witte</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Repair-welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wind Energy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cold cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Offshore steels</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/60025/s40194-024-01731-7 (1).pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62393</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>17</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Effect of alloy modification on the wear protection coatings made of Ni- and Co-based materials and surface machinability via ultrasonic milling process</title>
    <abstract language="eng">AbstractWear-resistant coatings are required for highly efficient and economical steel components in equipment, process, and power plant engineering to withstand high corrosive, tribological, thermal, and mechanical stresses. Co-alloys are used as wear-resistant coatings for steel components, tailored to the specific application. The substitutability of Co alloys with Ni-based wear protection systems, in addition to price and supply uncertainties, is facilitated by the combination of innovative welding and machining processes such as ultrasonic-assisted milling. The aim of the study is to improve the machinability of two different hard-facing alloys while maintaining the same wear protection potential. Therefore, the wear-resistant alloys NiMoCrSi (Colmonoy C56) and CoMnCrSi (Tribaloy T400) were modified by the alloying additions Nb, Hf, and Ti and then applied to a carbon-manganese steel S355 using the plasma transfer arc (PTA) welding process. The influence of the alloying additions on the microstructure as</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s00170-024-14955-0</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-623931</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0268-3768</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_data">{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T17:40:16Z","timestamp":1736444416756,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736380800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100021130","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 21.959 (FOSTA P1550"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100021130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018933","name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Clausthal","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018933","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Adv Manuf Technol"],"abstract":"&lt;jats:title&gt;Abstract&lt;\/jats:title&gt;&lt;jats:p&gt;Wear-resistant coatings are required for highly efficient and economical steel components in equipment, process, and power plant engineering to withstand high corrosive, tribological, thermal, and mechanical stresses. Co-alloys are used as wear-resistant coatings for steel components, tailored to the specific application. The substitutability of Co alloys with Ni-based wear protection systems, in addition to price and supply uncertainties, is facilitated by the combination of innovative welding and machining processes such as ultrasonic-assisted milling. The aim of the study is to improve the machinability of two different hard-facing alloys while maintaining the same wear protection potential. Therefore, the wear-resistant alloys NiMoCrSi (Colmonoy C56) and CoMnCrSi (Tribaloy T400) were modified by the alloying additions Nb, Hf, and Ti and then applied to a carbon-manganese steel S355 using the plasma transfer arc (PTA) welding process. The influence of the alloying additions on the microstructure as well as on the formation of the hard phases of the build-up welds is compared. For example, the inclusion of the alloying element Nb results in the formation of a more refined hard phase and reduces the machining force required for C56 and T400. In most cases, the wear resistance potential has been maintained. In order to improve the machinability of the hard facings, the optimization of the demanding machining conditions by alloy modifications of the Co- and Ni-based alloys is also presented. It is shown that some of the modified alloys have significantly better machinability than the conventional alloy.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-024-14955-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T16:20:03Z","timestamp":1736439603000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of alloy modification on the wear protection coatings made of Ni- and Co-based materials and surface machinability via ultrasonic milling process"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Maraike","family":"Willeke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"Giese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Swenja","family":"Lorenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4488-1500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Treutler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Schr\u00f6pfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Wesling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kannengie\u00dfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"14955_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s40544-017-0183-5","volume":"5","author":"Kenneth Holmberg","year":"2017","unstructured":"Holmberg Kenneth, Erdemir Ali (2017) Influence of tribology on global energy consumption, costs and emissions. Friction 5:263\u2013284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40544-017-0183-5","journal-title":"Friction"},{"issue":"1","key":"14955_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03875-9","volume":"9","author":"D Bowden","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bowden D, Krysiak Y, Palatinus L, Tsivoulas D, Plana-Ruiz S, Sarakinou E, Kolb U, Stewart D, Preuss M (2018) A high-strength silicide phase in a stainless steel alloy designed for wear-resistant applications. Nat Commun 9(1):1374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-018-03875-9","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"14955_CR3","unstructured":"Bohatch RG, Scheid A (2019) Microstructure and properties of cocrmosi alloy coatings by plasma transferred arc (pta) weld surfacing, 2nd International Brazilian Conference on Tribology."},{"key":"14955_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-92242012000100011","volume":"17","author":"R Silva","year":"2012","unstructured":"Silva R, Dutra J (2012) Pta-p process - a literature review as basis for innovations. Part 1 of 2: constructive elements. Soldagem &amp; Inspe\u00e7\u00e3o 17:76\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S0104-92242012000100011","journal-title":"Soldagem &amp; Inspe\u00e7\u00e3o"},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"14955_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vacuum.2006.01.037","volume":"80","author":"Tadeusz Hejwowski","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hejwowski Tadeusz (2006) Sliding wear resistance of fe-, ni- and co-based alloys for plasma deposition. Vacuum 80(11\u201312):1326\u20131330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vacuum.2006.01.037","journal-title":"Vacuum"},{"key":"14955_CR6","unstructured":"Raghu D, Wu JB (1997) Recent developments in wear and corrosion resistant alloys for oil industry. In: NACE CORROSION: 97016."},{"key":"14955_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmrt.2020.12.026","volume":"10","author":"S Balaguru","year":"2021","unstructured":"Balaguru S, Gupta M (2021) Hardfacing studies of ni alloys: a critical review. J Mater Res Technol 10:1210\u20131242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmrt.2020.12.026","journal-title":"J Mater Res Technol"},{"key":"14955_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2013.09.056","volume":"55","author":"S Apay","year":"2014","unstructured":"Apay S, Gulenc B (2014) Wear properties of aisi 1015 steel coated with stellite 6 by microlaser welding. Mater Des 55:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matdes.2013.09.056","journal-title":"Mater Des"},{"key":"14955_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.protcy.2016.08.226","volume":"25","author":"M Ferozhkhan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ferozhkhan M, Duraiselvam M, Kumar G, Bharath R (2016) Plasma transferred arc welding of stellite 6 alloy on stainless steel for wear resistance. Procedia Technol 25:1305\u20131311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.protcy.2016.08.226","journal-title":"Procedia Technol"},{"key":"14955_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2014.04.008","volume":"251","author":"R Singh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Singh R, Kumar D, Mishra S, Tiwari S (2014) Laser cladding of stellite 6 on stainless steel to enhance solid particle erosion and cavitation resistance. Surf Coat Technol 251:87\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2014.04.008","journal-title":"Surf Coat Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"14955_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s13632-024-01040-x","volume":"13","author":"XZ Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang XZ, Liu R, Wu XY, Wu XJ, Khelfaoui F (2024) Microstructure and hardness investigation of tribaloy alloy T-400C hardfacing deposited on nickel-based alloy inconel 740H via plasma transferred arc welding subjected to long-time aging. Metallogr Microstruct Anal 13(1):145\u2013173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13632-024-01040-x","journal-title":"Metallogr Microstruct Anal"},{"key":"14955_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.56028\/aetr.5.1.38.2023","volume":"5","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Y, Zhu H, Huang J (2023) Corrosion behaviour of tribaloy t400 coating prepared by laser cladding in molten aluminium alloys. Adv Eng Technol Res 5:38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56028\/aetr.5.1.38.2023","journal-title":"Adv Eng Technol Res"},{"key":"14955_CR13","first-page":"41","volume":"31","author":"C Cameron","year":"1975","unstructured":"Cameron C, Hoffman R, Poskitt R (1975) Tribaloy intermetallic alloy compositions: new materials or additives for wear resistant applications. Prog. Powder Metall (United States) 31:41\u201351","journal-title":"Prog. Powder Metall (United States)"},{"key":"14955_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2006.10.088","volume":"452","author":"W Xu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Xu W, Liu R, Patnaik P, Yao M, Wu X (2007) Mechanical and tribological properties of newly developed tribaloy alloys. Mater Sci Eng, A 452:427\u2013436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msea.2006.10.088","journal-title":"Mater Sci Eng, A"},{"key":"14955_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00555273","volume":"20","author":"A Halstead","year":"1985","unstructured":"Halstead A, Rawlings RD (1985) The effect of iron additions on the microstructure and properties of the \u201ctribaloy\u201d co-mo-cr-si wear resistant alloys. J Mater Sci 20:1693\u20131704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00555273","journal-title":"J Mater Sci"},{"key":"14955_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wear.2016.12.045","volume":"376\u2013377","author":"A Renz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Renz A, K\u00fcrten D, Lehmann O (2017) Wear of hardfaced valve spindles in highly loaded stationary lean-burn large bore gas engines. Wear 376\u2013377:1652\u20131661. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wear.2016.12.045","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"14955_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wear.2018.02.013","volume":"402","author":"A Renz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Renz A, Prakash B, Hardell J, Lehmann O (2018) High-temperature sliding wear behaviour of stellite\u00ae 12 and tribaloy\u00ae t400. Wear 402:148\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wear.2018.02.013","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"14955_CR18","unstructured":"Glycon I CiteDrive brings reference management to overleaf. https:\/\/glycon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/pdf4.pdf Accessed 13.06.2024"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"14955_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/S0257-8972(98)00524-6","volume":"106","author":"Q Ming","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ming Q, Lim L, Chen Z (1998) Laser cladding of nickel-based hardfacing alloys. Surf Coat Technol 106(2\u20133):174\u2013182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0257-8972(98)00524-6","journal-title":"Surf Coat Technol"},{"key":"14955_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2023.129236","volume":"455","author":"M Aliabadi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aliabadi M, Khodabakhshi F, Soltani R, Gerlich A (2023) Modification of flamesprayed nicrbsi alloy wear-resistant coating by friction stir processing and furnace re-melting treatments. Surf Coat Technol 455:129236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2023.129236","journal-title":"Surf Coat Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"14955_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3390\/jmmp7030110","volume":"7","author":"JC Pereira","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pereira JC, Taboada MC, Niklas A, Ray\u00f3n E, Rocchi J (2023) Influence of the chemical composition on the solidification path, strengthening mechanisms and hardness of Ni-Cr-Si-Fe-B self-fluxing alloys obtained by laser-directed energy deposition. J Manuf Mater Proc 7(3):110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jmmp7030110","journal-title":"J Manuf Mater Proc"},{"key":"14955_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-95463-56","volume":"66","author":"A Eissel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Eissel A, Engelking L, Treutler K, Wesling V, Schroepfer D, Kannengiesser T (2021) (2021) Monickel-iron-alloy modification to enhance additively welded microstructure for subsequent milling. 2nd Int Conf Adv Join Proc (AJP2021), Selected Contrib AJP 66:85\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-95463-56","journal-title":"2nd Int Conf Adv Join Proc (AJP2021), Selected Contrib AJP"},{"key":"14955_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-022-08669-4","volume":"119","author":"Y Su","year":"2022","unstructured":"Su Y, Li L (2022) Surface integrity of ultrasonic-assisted dry milling of slm ti6al4v using polycrystalline diamond tool. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 119:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00170-022-08669-4","journal-title":"Int J Adv Manuf Technol"},{"key":"14955_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-021-06815-y","volume":"114","author":"Dirk Schroepfer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schroepfer Dirk, Treutler Kai, Boerner Andreas, Gustus Rene, Kannengiesser Thomas, Wesling Volker (2021) Maus-Friedrichs, W.: Surface finishing of hard-to-machine cladding alloys for highly stressed components. Int J Adv Manuf Tech 114:1427\u20131442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00170-021-06815-y","journal-title":"Int J Adv Manuf Tech"},{"key":"14955_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2245","DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-022-01334-0","volume":"66","author":"A Eissel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eissel A, Engelking L, Treutler K, Wesling V, Schroepfer D, Kannengiesser T (2022) Modification of co\u2013cr alloys to optimize additively welded microstructures and subsequent surface finishing. Welding World, Le Soudage Dans Le Monde 66:2245\u20132257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40194-022-01334-0","journal-title":"Welding World, Le Soudage Dans Le Monde"},{"key":"14955_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Giese M, Graebner M, Schroepfer D, Treutler K, Lorenz S, Kannengiesser T, Wesling V (2024) Alloy modification and ultrasonic-assisted milling of wearresistant alloys with defined surfaces. Welding World: 1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40194-024-01786-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-024-01786-6"},{"key":"14955_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dilthey U (2006) Schwei\u00dftechnische Fertigungsverfahren 2, Verhalten der Werkstoffe Beim Schwei\u00dfen. Springer Berlin, Heidelberg.","DOI":"10.1007\/b139036"},{"key":"14955_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/3527602062","volume-title":"Metallische Verbundwerkstoffe","author":"KU Kainer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kainer KU (2003) Metallische Verbundwerkstoffe. WILEY-VCH Verlag, Weinheim"},{"key":"14955_CR29","unstructured":"Deloro Wear Solutions GmbH: Technical Datasheet Deloro 56 Alloy. https:\/\/www.deloro.com\/fileadmin\/users\/redakteur\/006_Downloads\/Data_Sheets\/Deloro_MDS_Deloro56_rev00.pdf. Acessed 27 November 2024"},{"key":"14955_CR30","unstructured":"Deloro Wear Solutions GmbH: Technical Datasheet Deloro 56 Alloy. https:\/\/www.deloro.com\/fileadmin\/users\/redakteur\/006_Downloads\/Data_Sheets\/Deloro_MDS_Tribaloy400_rev00.pdf. Acessed 27 November 2024"},{"issue":"12","key":"14955_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1177\/14644207241265778","volume":"238","author":"M Graebner","year":"2024","unstructured":"Graebner M, Giese M, Treutler K, Lorenz S, Schroepfer D, Wesling V, Kannengiesser T (2024) Processing of crack-free nickel- and cobalt-based wear protection coatings and defined surfaces by subsequent milling processes. Proc Instit Mech Eng Part L J Mater Des Appl 238(12):2413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14644207241265778","journal-title":"Proc Instit Mech Eng Part L J Mater Des Appl"},{"key":"14955_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ASTM - Committee MTS (2023) Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - part 1: test method (ISO 6508\u20131:2023); German version EN ISO 6508\u20131:2023. DIN German Institute for Standardization. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31030\/3516833","DOI":"10.31030\/3516833"},{"key":"14955_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kamper S (2019) Eisenbasierte intermetallische hartlegierungen f\u00fcr den verschlei\u00dfschutz am beispiel von einschneckenextrudern. PhD thesis, TU Clausthal. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21268\/20191202-0 .\u00a0https:\/\/dokumente.ub.tu-clausthal.de\/receive\/clausthal_mods_00001060","DOI":"10.21268\/20191202-0"},{"issue":"6","key":"14955_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.3390\/jmmp7060196","volume":"7","author":"A Niklas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Niklas A, Santos F, Garcia D, Rouco M, Gonz\u00b4alez-Mart\u00b4\u0131nez R, Pereira JC, Ray\u00b4on E, Lopez P, Guillonneau G (2023) Chemical composition effects on the microstructure and hot hardness of nicrsifeb self-fluxing alloys manufactured via gravity casting. J Manuf Mater Proc 7(6):196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jmmp7060196","journal-title":"J Manuf Mater Proc"},{"key":"14955_CR35","unstructured":"Davis JR (2000) Nickel, Cobalt, and Their Alloys. ASM international."},{"key":"14955_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s11085-008-9117-y","volume":"70","author":"Y-D Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang Y-D, Yang Z-G, Zhang C (2008) Lan, H.: Oxidation behavior of tribaloy t-800 alloy at 800 and 1,000 c. Oxid Met 70:229\u2013239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11085-008-9117-y","journal-title":"Oxid Met"},{"issue":"10","key":"14955_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1179\/030634584790253146","volume":"18","author":"A Halstead","year":"1984","unstructured":"Halstead A, Rawlings R (1984) Structure and hardness of co\u2013mo\u2013cr\u2013si wear resistant alloys (tribaloys). Metal Sci 18(10):491\u2013500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/030634584790253146","journal-title":"Metal Sci"},{"key":"14955_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01026320","volume":"20","author":"A Halstead","year":"1985","unstructured":"Halstead A, Rawlings RD (1985) The fracture behaviour of two co-mo-cr-si wear resistant alloys (\u201ctribaloys\u201d). J Mater Sci 20:1248\u20131256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01026320","journal-title":"J Mater Sci"},{"key":"14955_CR39","unstructured":"Cameron C, Hoffman R, Poskitt R (1975) Tribaloy intermetallic alloy compositions: new materials or additives for wear resistant applications. Prog Powder Metall (United States) 31."},{"issue":"4","key":"14955_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4034075","volume":"138","author":"R Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu R, Yao J, Zhang Q, Yao MX, Collier R (2016) Effects of silicon content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cobalt-based tribaloy alloys. J Eng Mater Technol 138(4):041017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.4034075","journal-title":"J Eng Mater Technol"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00170-024-14955-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00170-024-14955-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00170-024-14955-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T17:02:59Z","timestamp":1736442179000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00170-024-14955-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["14955"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00170-024-14955-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0268-3768","1433-3015"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0268-3768","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3015","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The authors consent to publish this work.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">20.01.2025</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Maraike Willeke</author>
    <author>Marcel Giese</author>
    <author>Swenja Lorenz</author>
    <author>Kai Treutler</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Volker Wesling</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wear resistance</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Co-based alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ni-based alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>PTA welding process</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic assisted milling process</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/62393/Willeke_et_al-2025-The_International_Journal_of_Advanced_Manufacturing_Technology.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62291</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>2567</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>2575</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>68</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin ; Heidelberg</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Alloy modification and ultrasonic-assisted milling of wear-resistant alloys with defined surfaces</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The reduction of CO2 emissions is closely linked to the development of highly efficient and economical steel components in plant and process engineering. To withstand the high combined corrosive, tribological, thermal, and mechanical stresses, wear-resistant coatings tailored to the application and steel grade are used. In addition to the increasing demand to substitute conventional cobalt alloys with nickel alloys, there is also a growing need for defined or functional surfaces of high integrity. Due to high tool wear, milling operations required to produce the complex geometries of the components are often not economically feasible for SMEs. By means of alloy modification of the filler metals for nickel-based plasma build-up welded wear-resistant coatings and by the use of innovative ultrasonic-assisted milling processes more favourable machinability shall be achieved without reducing the wear protection potential. In this paper, the influence of the microstructure and precipitation morphology adjusted by means of alloy modification on the machinability is investigated. This is done based on a wear protection alloy NiCrMoSiFeB (trade name: Colmonoy 56 PTA) typically used for screw machines, which substitutes conventional CoCr alloys (Stellite). Metallurgical investigations and in-situ measurements of occurring process forces and temperatures at the tool cutting edge during milling as well as subsequent investigations of tool wear and surface integrity allow a detailed analysis and correlation between microstructural properties and machinability. For the cast samples, a clear change in the microstructure and hardness can be seen through the addition of Al, Ti, or Nb. These differences lead to an improvement in the machining process for Nb. Al and Ti cause long-needled or star-shaped precipitations and hardness increases, which lead to higher cutting forces and increased tool wear.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-024-01786-6</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1878-6669</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-622918</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">19.12.2024</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Marcel Giese</author>
    <author>Maraike Gräbner</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Kai Treutler</author>
    <author>Svenja Lorenz</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <author>Volker Wesling</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cladding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wear resistant alloys</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Alloy modification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Post-processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic assisted milling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Renewable energy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/62291/s40194-024-01786-6.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>41071</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1077</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1087</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>6</issue>
    <volume>61</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin Heidelberg</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Optimization of welding loads with narrow groove and application of modified spray arc process</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Current efforts for lightweight design result in a growing application of high-strength fine-grained structural steel in modern constructions, e.g. mobile cranes, with yield strength from 960 MPa. The design of welded structures and welding processes becomes more challenging with increasing material strength and elastic ratios. High residual stresses are able to diminish lifetime, load capacity and component safety and should be avoided. Recent analyses have shown strong influences of heat control and restraint of the weld due to arising reaction stresses, superimposing with local residual welding stresses. Modern inverter technologies allowed the development of numerous modified spray arc processes driven by power source manufacturers, which provide virtually similar features and several benefits, enabling welding of narrower seams with reduced weld volumes and total heat inputs. This research focuses on welding loads due to modified weld seams. The global reaction forces and moments and their superposition with local residual stresses in welded components due to external shrinkage restraints were investigated using a special testing facility and XRD. The restraint intensity, weld seam geometry and welding process were varied for statistical evaluations of resulting welding loads. When welding under restraint, a reduction of the weld seam volume causes significantly lower reaction stress levels.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-017-0484-3</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1878-6669</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0043-2288</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">14.12.2017</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Restraint</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process parameters</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>53315</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>488</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>501</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>10</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>Shaker Verlag</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Düren</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Clausthaler Zentrum für Materialtechnik</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Konstruktive Einflüsse bei der beanspruchungsgerechten Reparatur geschweißter Bauteile aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Für eine nachhaltige und ressourceneffiziente Fertigung von Windkraftanlagen ist der Einsatz moderner hochfester Feinkornbaustähle vielfach notwendig. Bei der Montage hochfester Stahlkonstruktionen kommt es trotz anforderungsgerechter schweißtechnischer Fertigung vereinzelt zur Detektion von unzulässigen Unregelmäßigkeiten im Schweißbereich. Derzeitige Normen und Verarbeitungsrichtlinien geben hierbei kaum Informationen zu adäquaten Reparaturkonzepten, insbesondere für hochfeste Stähle. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden an der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) bauteilrelevante Untersuchungen zu den schweißbedingten Beanspruchungen und Gefügeveränderungen bei der schweißtechnischen Reparatur durch lokales thermisches Ausfugen und erneutes Schweißen durchgeführt.&#13;
Hierzu werden einige wesentliche Ergebnisse an Beispielen des Ingenieurbaus, mit Blick auf die mechanisch-technologischen Eigenschaften und Eigenspannungen erörtert. In einem aktuellen Vorhaben (FOSTA P1311, IGF 20162N) sind darauf aufbauend die Einflüsse durch die Schrumpfbehinderung und Wärmeführung beim Reparaturschweißen hochfester Feinkornbaustähle (S500MLO, S960QL) sowie die Reparaturzyklenanzahl Fokus systematischer Untersuchungen. Mittels strukturmechanischer Berechnungen ließen sich hierzu selbstbeanspruchende Probenformen identifizieren, die unterschiedliche definierte Steifigkeitsverhältnisse von Reparaturschweißnähten realer Bauteile abbilden. Schweißnähte an diesen bauteilähnlichen Proben weisen signifikant erhöhte schweißbedingte Beanspruchungen mit zunehmenden (Biege-)Einspanngraden auf. Im Vergleich mit bisherigen Erkenntnissen wird gezeigt, dass eine sichere Reparatur solcher Schweißnähte nur mittels optimaler Reparaturkonzepte und Wärmeführung gelingt, um diesen hohen Beanspruchungen und auch den speziellen Gefügen hochfester Stähle Rechnung zu tragen.&#13;
Ziel der Untersuchungen ist es letztlich, Empfehlungen für beanspruchungs- und werkstoffgerechte Reparaturkonzepte gerade für KMU abzuleiten, um Schäden und zumeist teure Nacharbeiten zu vermeiden.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Tagungsband 4. Symposium Material Technik</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2364-0804</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-8440-8021-6</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">4. Niedersächsisches Symposium Materialtechnik</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">25.02.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">26.02.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Amadeus Becker</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <author>Thomas Michael</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Gefügedegradation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfester Feinkornbaustahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reparatur</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56658</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>103</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>113</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>385</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>DVS Media GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Modifikation von CoCr-Legierungen für die additive lichtbogenbasierte Fertigung</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Für Komponenten im Turbinen- oder Anlagenbau werden aufgrund ihrer Eigenschaften häufig Kobalt-Chrom-Legierungen verwendet. Diese weisen eine hohe Korrosionsbeständigkeit und hohen Verschleißwiederstand auf. Aufgrund der komplexen Strukturen und dem Bestreben nach Ressourceneffizienz wird zur Herstellung der Komponenten die additive Fertigung verwendet. Hierbei sind hinsichtlich der Inhomogenität und Anisotropie der Gefüge und deren Eigenschaften weitere Kenntnisse notwendig. Bei den vorliegenden Belastungen liegt ein erhöhter Anspruch an die Oberflächenintegrität vor, welcher durch komplementären Einsatz von additiven und abtragenden Fertigungsschritten sichergestellt wird. Dabei sind gerade Co-Cr-Legierungen wegen der niedrigen Wärmeleitfähigkeit verbunden mit hoher Festigkeit und Zähigkeit äußerst herausfordernd mit Blick auf eine wirtschaftliche Zerspanung mit geometrisch bestimmter Schneide. Ausgehend von dieser Problemstellung erfolgt im Zuge eines Gemeinschaftsvorhabens des ISAF in Kooperation mit der BAM eine gezielte Beeinflussung des Gefüges. Ziel des Projektes ist die Zusammenhänge zwischen verschiedenen Legierungsmodifikationen, der entstehenden Gefügemorphologie und den Zerspanungseigenschaften von Co- Cr-Legierungen für die additive Fertigung mittels PTA darzustellen. Der Fokus liegt auf dem Beheben der bestehenden Nachteile bei gleichzeitigem Aufrechthalten der besonderen Eigenschaften der Legierung. Durch das Hinzulegieren von variierenden Gehalten von Zirkonium und Hafnium wird die Gefügeveränderung eingestellt. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass Hafnium als zusätzliches Legierungselement einen deutlichen Einfluss auf die Gefügemorphologie hat. Darüber hinaus wird die Auswirkung der Legierungsmodifikation auf die Härte und die Zerspanbarkeit dargestellt.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">DVS Berichte 42. Assistentenseminar Fügetechnik</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-96144-210-2</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">42. Assistentenseminar der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Fügetechnik e.V.</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Blankenau, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">06.10.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">08.10.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>A. Eissel</author>
    <author>K. Treutler</author>
    <author>V. Wesling</author>
    <author>Lorenz Engelking</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Legierungsmodifikation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ultraschallunterstütztes Fräsen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive Fertigung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>62630</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Moderne Schweißverfahren zur Optimierung von Reparaturschweißungen an hochfesten Offshore-Stählen</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The successful energy transition in Germany will require offshore wind turbines with outputs &gt;10 MW in the future, for which high-strength steels with a yield strength of up to 500 MPa and wall thicknesses up to 150 mm are increasingly being used. The repair of weld seams when detecting defects during NDT requires local-ized gouging and rewelding. This involves high demands on welding manufacturing, especially for high-strength steels. Due to a lack of investigations, there are no re-pair concepts and information in standards and guidelines, particularly for high-strength thick plate joints made of high-strength offshore steels. However, these are urgently needed to enable processors, especially SMEs, to carry out safe and eco-nomical repairs. Therefore, BAM started the FOSTA project P1629 (IGF 01IF22746N) to investigate the stress-optimized repair (local gouging and welding) of high-strength thick plate joints made of offshore grades in the yield strength range off 355 to 460 MPa and similar weld metal with controlled high-performance GMAW processes and optimized narrower gouging grooves. The experimental analyses consider the complex interaction of material, process, and design-related influences on the formation of weld-related stresses and the special microstructure of high-strength fine-grain structural steels. Welding-related material degradation and crack-critical residual tensile stresses need to be avoided to ensure high component safety and performance. With component-related welding experiments on special testing equipment, adapted process and heat control concepts along with variable groove configurations will be developed and recommendations for guidelines elabo-rated. This is the prerequisite for fully utilizing the strength potential of high-strength steels and making a valuable contribution to the energy transition in Germany, espe-cially for steel-processing SMEs.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Symposium Materialtechnik TU Clausthal</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">19.02.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">20.02.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Levin Reichel</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reparaturschweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermisches Ausfugen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Offshore</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sprühlichtbogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Windenergie</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56725</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Correlation of process, design and welding residual stresses in WAAM of high-strength steel components</title>
    <abstract language="eng">High-strength fine-grained structural steels have great potential for modern weight optimized steel construc-tions. Efficient manufacturing and further weight savings are achievable due to Wire Arc Additive Manu-facturing (WAAM). First commercial high-strength welding consumables for WAAM are already available. However, the application is still severely limited due to a lack of knowledge and guidelines for the industry regarding welding residual stresses and component safety in manufacturing and operation. Residual stresses may be critical regarding the special microstructure of high-strength steels in context with the risk of cold cracking and component performance in service. Therefore, process- and material-related influences, as well as the design effects on residual stress formation and cold cracking, are being investi-gated in a research project (IGF 21162 BG) focusing a high-strength WAAM welding consumable with yield strength of over 800 MPa. Objectives are the establish-ment of special WAAM cold cracking tests and pro-cessing recommendations allowing economical, suita-ble, and crack-safe WAAM of high-strength steels. First studies on process-related influences showed transfor-mation residual stresses arising during cooling, which significantly influence stress evolution of the compo-nent during layer-wise build-up. This has not yet been investigated for WAAM of high-strength steels. Focus of this study is on the systematic investigation of interactions of the WAAM welding process and design with cooling time, hardness, and residual stresses. &#13;
Defined open hollow cuboids were welded and investi-gated under systematic variation (design of experi-ments, DoE) of the scale/dimensions (cf. Fig. 1a) and heat control (interlayer temperature Ti: 100–300 °C), heat input E: 200–650 kJ/m. The welding parameters were kept constant as possible to avoid any influence by the arc and the material transfer mode. The heat input adjusted primarily via the welding speed. The resulting different weald bead widths were considered by different build-up strategies (weld beads per layer) to ensure defined wall thicknesses. The hardness was determined on cross-sections taken from the manufac-tured hollow cuboids (Fig. 1c) and the analysis of the residual stress state was carried out by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) at defined positions on the lateral wall (Fig. 1b).&#13;
The hardness is higher at the top compared to the lower weld beads, as shown in Fig. 1c exemplarily for central test parameters of the DoE = 425 kJ/mm, Ti = 200 °C). This may be attributed to the specific heat control of the top weld beads, i.e., quenching effects, which are not tempered by weld beads above as is the case for lower weld beads implying a higher hardness. It was observed that the hardness level decreases with increasing energy per unit length, while the in-terpass temperature has a rather low influence on the hardness&#13;
Residual stress analysis was performed on the lat-eral wall in the welding direction, cf. Fig. 1b, to deter-mine the influence of heat control and design. In the top area of the wall, maximum longitudinal residual stress-es of up to over 500 MPa exhibit, which corresponds to approx. 65% of the nominal yield strength of the mate-rial. The statistic evaluation of stress levels in welding direction of all test specimens show that adaption of heat input may reduce welding stresses up to 50%. In-terpass temperature has less pronounced effect on cool-ing times, microstructure, and on the residual level within parameter matrix. Overall, the results show a significant influence of heat input and component di-mensions on the residual stresses and minor effect of the interpass temperature. Hence, the properties of the specimens may be effectively adjusted via heat input. The working temperatures should be considered for global shrinkage behavior or restraints. Such investiga-tions of residual stress are necessary to further deter-mine local and global welding stresses regarding the consequences on the component safety during manu-facturing and service.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">6th International Symposium on Visualization in Joining &amp; Welding Science through Advanced Measurements and Simulation</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Osaka, Japan</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">25.10.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">26.10.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG-Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive Fertigung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfester Stahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kaltrisssicherheit</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wärmeführung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Windenergie</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>58380</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>697</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>703</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>389</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>DVS Media GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Düsseldorf</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Herstellung beanspruchungsgerechter Oberflächen durch Kombination innovativer additiver und abtragender Fertigungsschritte an hochbelasteten Komponenten</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die additive Fertigung (AM) durch schweißtechnische Verfahren eröffnet vielfach ökonomische Vorteile für eine ressour-ceneffiziente Bauteilherstellung. Gerade hinsichtlich der Homogenität und Anisotropie der resultierenden Schweißgefüge und den damit verbundenen Eigenschaften gibt es noch offene Fragestellungen. Die Einstellung der finalen Bauteilgeo-metrie und Oberflächengüte erfordert den komplementären Einsatz abtragender Fertigungsschritte. Hochleistungslegie-rungen auf der Basis von Nickel oder Kobalt sind aufgrund ihrer niedrigen Wärmeleitfähigkeit verbunden mit hoher Festigkeit und Zähigkeit schwer spanbar. Eine gezielte Gefügebeeinflussung mittels Modifikation der AM-Schweißzusatz-werkstoffe und der Einsatz des ultraschallunterstützten Fräsens (US) bietet das Potential insgesamt die Zerspanungssi-tuation zu verbessern. Dieser Lösungsansatz unter Gewährleistung des Erhalts der geforderten Werkstoff- bzw. Bauteileigenschaften ist Untersuchungsgegenstand eines Gemeinschaftsvorhabens (IGF-Nr. 20.979 N/DVS-Nr. 1.3211) der BAM und TU Clausthal/ISAF. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt Ergebnisse für die beiden untersuchten FeNi- und CoCr-Legierungen sowie wesentliche Zusammenhänge zwischen Legierungsmodifikation, entstehender Gefügemorphologie und Zerspanungseigenschaften der mittels MAG additiv gefertigter Proben vor. Das größte Potential für die Modifikation zeigten Zr und Hf. Die Zulegierung in das Schweißgut erfolgte durch Beschichtung von Massivdrähten sowie durch Her-stellung von Fülldrähten.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">DVS Berichte, Band: 389</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-96144-230-0</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">DVS Congress - GST</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Essen, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">11.09.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">14.09.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Lorenz Engelking</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <author>A. Eissel</author>
    <author>K. Treutler</author>
    <author>V. Wesling</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Legierungsmodifikation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultraschallunterstütztes Fräsen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive Fertigung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oberflächenintegrität</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>45977</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>73</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>78</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>344</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>DVS Media GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Düsseldorf</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>DVS - Deutscher Verband für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren e. V.</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Kaltrissbildung in Mehrlagenschweißungen - Einflussanalyse von Nahtgeometrie und Wärmeführung beim Einsatz modifizierter Sprühlichtbögen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Ausgehend vom derzeit vorrangigen Einsatz in Mobilkranen, kommen höherfeste Feinkornbaustähle mit Streckgrenzen ab 960 MPa zunehmend auch in anderen modernen Stahlkonstruktionen zur Anwendung. Dies ist aufgrund aktueller Forderungen nach Energie- und Ressourceneffizienz im Sinne des konstruktiven Leichtbaus vielfach notwendig. Die Verwendung höherfester Stähle sowie deren schweißtechnische Verarbeitung, insbesondere in sicherheitsrelevanten Tragstrukturen, erfordert ein tiefgreifendes Verständnis der Zusammenhänge zwischen Schweißverfahren, Wärmeeinbringung, Abkühlbedingungen sowie den daraus resultierenden metallurgischen Vorgängen in der Schweißnaht und den nahtnahen Bereichen. Vorwiegend werden höherfeste Güten mittels MAG-Prozess geschweißt. Bedeutende Fortschritte in der Regelungstechnik führten unter den Herstellern von Schweißstromquellen in den letzten Jahren zur Entwicklung zahlreicher modifizierter Sprühlichtbogenprozesse (mod. SLB). Diese Prozesse ähneln sich in ihren Eigenschaften und ermöglichen die bekannten positiven Aspekte, wie Einsparung an Schweißzusatz sowie Schweiß- und Rüstzeit aufgrund der Möglichkeit reduzierter Nahtöffnungswinkel. Der mod. SLB bedingt zusammen mit einer anderen Nahtgeometrie veränderte Naht- und Schweißraupenquerschnitte sowie einen abweichenden Lagenaufbau. Diese wirtschaftlich-technisch attraktive Möglichkeit reduzierter Nahtöffnungswinkel findet in den Regelwerken zur schweißtechnischen Verarbeitung höherfester Feinkornbaustähle unter Vermeidung von Kaltrissbildung bisher keine Berücksichtigung. Dabei gilt es, gerade die Interaktion der Haupteinflussgrößen auf die Kaltrissbildung unter reduziertem Nahtöffnungswinkel zu betrachten. Im Rahmen zweier AiF-Forschungsvorhaben (IGF-Nr. 17.978 N, 18.596 BR) wurde daher der Einfluss der Wärmeführung anhand vergleichender Mehrlagenschweißungen mittels konventionellem Übergangslichtbogen und mod. SLB mit angepasster Nahtkonfiguration auf schweißbedingte Beanspruchungen sowie auf die Wasserstoffkonzentration im Schweißgut untersucht.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">DVS-Congress 2018 - DVS-Berichte</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-96144-036-8</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">DVS Congress 2018 - Große Schweißtechnische Tagung</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Friedrichshafen, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">17.09.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">18.09.2018</enrichment>
    <author>Thomas Schaupp</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kaltriss</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfester Feinkornbaustahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG-Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>38785</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Optimization of welding loads using modified spray arc process</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Current efforts for lightweight design result in a growing application of high-strength fine-grained structural steel in modern steel constructions, e.g. mobile cranes, with yield strength from 960 MPa. The design of welded structures and the welding process become more challenging with increasing material strength due to higher elastic ratios. The formation of high residual stresses, which are able to diminish lifetime, load capacity and component safety, has to be avoided. Recent numerical and experimental analyses have shown a strong influence of the heat control and the rigidity of the weld on the welding stresses. Global reaction stresses due to an external shrinkage restraint superimpose with local residual stresses in the weld seam. Modern inverter technologies allowed the development of numerous modified spray arc processes driven by the power source manufactures with almost equal characteristics. They provide several well-known technical and economic benefits, like the possibility of welding narrower seam configurations. As a result a smaller weld volume, total heat input and, therefore, reduced welding stresses are achievable. This research focuses on the welding loads due to modified weld seams. The global reaction forces in welded components due to an external shrinkage restraint were investigated in a special in-house developed testing facility. Additionally, the superposition of the local residual stresses, global stresses and bending moments were analysed with the help of X-ray diffraction. The intensity of the restraint, the weld seam configuration and the weld process (transitional arc and modified spray arc) were varied for a statistical evaluation of the resulting welding loads. It was observed that under restraint a smaller weld seam volume affects reduced reaction stresses.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Intermediate Meeting, C-IIA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Madrid, Spain</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">29.02.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">02.03.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process parameters</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Restraint</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>38787</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Optimization of welding loads using modified spray arc process</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Current efforts for lightweight design result in a growing application of high-strength fine-grained structural steel in modern steel constructions, e.g. mobile cranes, with yield strength from 960 MPa. The design of welded structures and the welding process become more challenging with increasing material strength due to higher elastic ratios. The formation of high residual stresses, which are able to diminish lifetime, load capacity and component safety, has to be avoided. Recent numerical and experimental analyses have shown a strong influence of the heat control and the rigidity of the weld on the welding stresses. Global reaction stresses due to an external shrinkage restraint superimpose with local residual stresses in the weld seam. Modern inverter technologies allowed the development of numerous modified spray arc processes driven by the power source manufactures with almost equal characteristics. They provide several well-known technical and economic benefits, like the possibility of welding narrower seam configurations. As a result a smaller weld volume, total heat input and, therefore, reduced welding stresses are achievable. This research focuses on the welding loads due to modified weld seams. The global reaction forces in welded components due to an external shrinkage restraint were investigated in a special in-house developed testing facility. Additionally, the superposition of the local residual stresses, global stresses and bending moments were analysed with the help of X-ray diffraction. The intensity of the restraint, the weld seam configuration and the weld process (transitional arc and modified spray arc) were varied for a statistical evaluation of the resulting welding loads. It was observed that under restraint a smaller weld seam volume affects reduced reaction stresses.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Annual Assembly 2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Melbourne, Australia</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">10.07.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">14.07.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process parameters</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Restraint</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>38789</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einfluss der Wärmeführung auf die Eigenspannungsausbildung und Kaltrisssicherheit in geschweißten Konstruktionen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustähleneinfluss der Wärmeführung auf die Eigenspannungsausbildung und Kaltrisssicherheit in geschweißten Konstruktionen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Im Vortrag wurden die wesentlichen Ziele und Erkenntnisse des IGF-Vorhabens 17267 N "Wärmeführung und Kaltrisssicherheit" vorgestellt. Der Einfluss der Wärmeführung auf die schweißbedingte Eigenspannungsausbildung in geschweißten Konstruktionen konnte in Abhängigkeit der konstruktiven Steifigkeit und der Bauteildimensionen quantifiziert werden. Ferner wurden Aussagen zur Beeinflussung und Absenkung der Eigenspannungen und der Gesamteigenbeanspruchung von Schweißkonstruktionen erarbeitet. Es zeigte sich, dass eine Reduktion der lokalen Eigenspannungen und der Eigenbeanspruchung von geschweißten Konstruktionen durch eine geringere Wärmeeinbringung möglich ist. Eine Absenkung der Zwischenlagentemperatur erwies sich dabei unter anderem als besonders günstig. Damit ist es möglich vorhandene Wärmeführungskonzepte für hochfeste Stähle zu optimieren und dadurch die Kaltrissbildung zu vermeiden. Weiterführend ist durch die Quantifizierung der im realen Bauteil auftretenden Eigenspannungen bzw. mithilfe gezielter Beeinflussung des Eigenspannungsniveaus eine bessere Ausnutzung der Materialeigenschaften bei der Auslegung von Schweißkonstruktionen aus hochfesten Stählen möglich. Dadurch können ressourceneffizientere Stahlkonstruktionen durch Reduktion von Material- und Fertigungskosten erzielt werden.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">FOSTA Praktikergespräche</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Darmstadt, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">21.06.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">21.06.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißprozessparameter</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG-Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfeste Feinkornbaustähle</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Einspannung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Röntgendiffraktometrie</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>38788</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Multi-axial analyses of welding stresses in high-strength steel welds</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Today’s efforts for lightweight design result in a growing application of high-strength structural steels from 960 MPa. In welded structures of these steels increased demands regarding component safety and a high elastic ratio should be considered. Hence, the prevention of an evolution of high welding induced tensile residual stresses is required. Recent studies showed that component related restraint conditions of welds are able to elevate welding induced stresses to critical values, depending on material characteristics, the welding process and parameters. This work involves multi-axial welding loads as a consequence of the superposition of local residual stresses, global reaction stresses and moments, varying the welding parameters under different restraint conditions. The global welding loads are measured via GMA-weld tests in a special testing facility and via a DIC(Digital Image Correlation)-system in a slot weld. Local transverse residual stresses were analysed by means of X-ray diffraction. The application of a less amount of weld runs due to a modified welding parameters and welds seam configurations revealed as a beneficial approach to reduce welding loads in high-strength steels.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">10th International Conference on Residual Stresses</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Sydney, Australia</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">04.07.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">08.07.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray diffraction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength Steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reaction Stress</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>38653</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>2</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>report</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einsatz modifizierter Sprühlichtbogenprozesse zur Optimierung schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen an Bauteilen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">In dem IGF-Vorhaben IGF-Nr. 17978 N (P 1011) wurden unter gezielter definierter Schrumpfbehinderung Schweißexperimente an hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen durchgeführt, um den Einfluss der Wärmeführung sowie den Einsatz modifizierter Sprühlichtbogenprozesse verbunden mit schmaleren Nahtfugen auf die lokalen Eigenspannungen und die Gesamteigenbeanspruchungen an geschweißten Bauteilen zu analysieren. Diese Kurzdarstellung fasst die wesentlichen Zusammenhänge zu schweißbedingten Beanspruchungen an hochfesten Schweißverbindungen sowie einige der erarbeiteten Erkenntnisse und erreichten Ziele des Forschungsprojektes zusammen.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Forschung für die Praxis P1011 - Einsatz modifizierter Sprühlichtbogenprozesse zur Optimierung schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen an Bauteilen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</parentTitle>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißverbindung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfester Feinkornbaustahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißprozess</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="62">Ingenieurwissenschaften</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>38790</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einsatz modifizierter Sprühlichtbogenprozesse zur Optimierung schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen an Bauteilen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen (FOSTA P1011 / IGF-Nr. 17978 N)</title>
    <abstract language="deu">In dem Vortrag wurden die wesentlichen Ziele und Ergebnisse zu dem IGF-Vorhaben 17978 N "Bauteilbeanspruchung modifizierter Sprühlichtbögen" vorgestellt. Mit dem modifizierten Sprühlichtbogen ist das Schweißen einer schmaleren Nahtkonfiguration realisierbar. Die Effekte, die sich aufgrund der angepassten Nahtkonfiguration und reduzierten Wärmeinbringung auf die Eigenspannungen und Gesamteigenbeanspruchung einer Schweißkonstruktion ergeben, konnten im Vergleich zu konventionellen Schweißprozessen und Nahtkonfigurationen analysiert werden. Ferner ließen sich realitätsnahe Untersuchungen unter Variation von Bauteildimension und -steifigkeit durchführen, um Aussagen zur Beeinflussung schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen in hochfesten Bauteilen zu erarbeiten. Es zeigte sich, dass bei optimaler Wärmeführung eine Absenkung des Nahtöffnungswinkels und damit Nahtvolumens signifikant geringere Reaktionsspannungen und -momente bewirkt. Dies führt gerade bei Hemmung des Winkelverzugs zu deutlich reduzierten Quereigenspannungen in der Wärmeeinflusszone aufgrund geringerer Biegespannungen. Die Erkenntnisse erlauben eine gezielte Reduzierung der Eigenspannungen sowie einer erhöhte Risssicherheit bei der Montage und dem Betrieb von Bauteilen aus hochfesten Stählen. Weiterführend ist durch die Quantifizierung der am realen Bauteil auftretenden Eigenspannungen bzw. mithilfe einer planmäßigen Beeinflussung des Eigenspannungsniveaus eine verbesserte Ausnutzung der Materialeigenschaften bei der Auslegung hochfester Schweißkonstruktionen möglich. Dadurch sind ressourceneffiziente Stahlkonstruktionen mittels Reduktion von Material- und Fertigungskosten erzielbar. Mit der gegenwärtig bereits verfügbaren Anlagentechnik ist die Anwendung der gewonnen Forschungsergebnisse kurzfristig realisierbar und angesichts der ökonomischen Vorteile rentieren sich gegebenenfalls notwendige Neuanschaffungen schnell.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">FOSTA Praktikergespräche</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Darmstadt, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">21.06.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">21.06.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Modifizierter Sprühlichtbogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG-Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfeste Feinkornbaustähle</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Einspannung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Röntgendiffraktometrie</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißprozessparameter</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>39044</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>91</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>106</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>91</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin, Heidelberg</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Engineering approach to assess residual stresses in welded components</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Present trends to lightweight design lead to an expanding relevance of high-strength fine-grained structural steels especially in mobile crane constructions. With growing material strength, the challenge for welding fabrication increases, since high loading capacities and safety requirements have to be accomplished. The utilisation of the high strength potential often requires complex constructions associated with high restraint conditions while welding. Increased residual stresses may occur due to superimposing reaction and restraint stresses, which have to be quantified and evaluated to ensure the safety and integrity of high-strength steel constructions. Particularly, the scope of residual stresses has to be taken into account for different effects in the HAZ, notches, weld and base metal. Commonly, conservative assumptions of residual stresses lead to distinct underestimations of the load bearing capacity particularly for welded high-strength steel constructions. This study concludes results of recent works of the researchers regarding the complex interaction among heat control, material and restraint intensity on the residual stress state in welded components. These analyses are extended by further experiments. Based on the obtained major effects, an approach for a welding residual stress assessment regarding component design according to prevailing standards for crane construction, an important application for high-strength steels, is presented.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-016-0394-9</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0043-2288</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1878-6669</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">06.04.2017</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process parameters</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Restraint</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59257</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>136</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>P 1011</volume>
    <type>report</type>
    <publisherName>Verlag und Vertriebsgesellschaft</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Düsseldorf</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Forschungsvereinigung Stahlanwendung (FOSTA)</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einsatz modifizierter Sprühlichtbogenprozesse zur Optimierung schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen an  Bauteilen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Aufgrund aktueller Leichtbaubestrebungen sowie Forderungen nach Energie- und Ressourceneffizienz werden zunehmend hochfeste Feinkornbaustähle mit Streckgrenzen ≥ 690 MPa in modernen Stahlkonstruktionen eingesetzt. Vorrangig werden diese mit Streckgrenzen bis 960 MPa verarbeitet und mittels MAG-Schweißprozessen gefügt. Moderne Invertertechnik ermöglichte jüngst zahlreiche Firmenentwicklungen (bspw. „DeepARC“, „forceArc“), die zu modifizierten Sprühlichtbögen (mod. SLB) mit ähnlichen Eigenschaften führten. Neben den bekannten wirtschaftlichen Vorteilen dieser mod. SLB, lassen gerade die reduzierten möglichen Nahtöffnungswinkel und die geringere Wärmeeinbringung eine positive Wirkung auf schweißbedingte Beanspruchungen erwarten. Erste Eigenspannungsanalysen bei vorangegangenen Schweißeignungsuntersuchen mit mod. SLB zeigten bereits bei freischrumpfenden Laborproben geringere Zugeigenspannungen in der Schweißnaht im Vergleich zu konventionell geschweißten Proben. Die betriebsfeste Auslegung von hochfesten Schweißkonstruktionen und die Ausnutzung hoher Streckgrenzen erfordern jedoch eine ausreichende Quantifizierung schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen der mod. SLB unter definierter, bauteilrelevanter Schrumpfbehinderung. Dies betrifft sowohl die Kräfte und Spannungen im lokalen Schweißnahtbereich als auch die Gesamtbeanspruchung sowie den Einfluss von Wärmeführung, Bauteilgeometrie, Einspanngrad und Nahtöffnungswinkel. Hierzu lagen in der Industrie, besonders bei den KMU, kaum Kenntnisse vor und sollten deshalb als Ziel dieses Forschungsprojektes erarbeitet werden.&#13;
&#13;
Die vergleichenden Untersuchungen mit konventionellen Lichtbogen und mod. SLB mit angepasster Nahtkonfiguration erfolgten mithilfe von speziellen Prüfanlagen, mit der reale Bauteilsteifigkeiten abgebildet werden können. Bei beiden Prozessvarianten waren mit den gewählten Parametern Schweißnähte unter Erfüllung der Anforderungen an die mechanisch-technologischen Eigenschaften realisierbar. Bei den Analysen konnte eine signifikante Reduzierung der Eigenbeanspruchungen durch eine verminderte Wärmeeinbringung bei dem Einsatz einer Nahtkonfiguration mit abgesenktem Nahtöffnungswinkel beobachtet werden. Insbesondere erwiesen sich zur Absenkung mehrachsiger Beanspruchungszustände aufgrund von Biegemomenten in den bauteilnahen Schweißungen die engeren Nahtspalte als zielführend. Eine Vorstellung der erarbeiteten Kenntnisse und Empfehlungen in entsprechenden Gremien zur Normung erfolgten, um mittelfristig vor allem den KMU eine einfachere Konstruktionsauslegung und sichere Verarbeitung hochfester Feinkornbaustähle zu ermöglichen.&#13;
&#13;
Mit einer normativen Absicherung kann Qualifizierungs- und Zulassungsaufwand eingespart werden, der aktuell beim Einsatz hochfester Stähle vielfach notwendig ist. Ferner werden die Betriebe durch die Ergebnisse in die Lage versetzt, die technischen und wirtschaftlichen Vorteile der mod. SLB-Prozesse auszunutzen und signifikante Einsparungen bei Schweißzusatz, Schweiß- und Rüstzeit sowie unter Berücksichtigung der Eigenbeanspruchung optimierte Ergebnisse hinsichtlich der Tragfähigkeit von Bauteilen zu erreichen und die Produktivität zu erhöhen.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">FOSTA-Berichte</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-946885-12-2</identifier>
    <identifier type="url">https://matplus.shop/produkt/p-1011-einsatz-modifizierter-spruehlichtbogenprozesse-zur-optimierung-schweissbedingter-beanspruchungen-an-bauteilen-aus-hochfesten-feinkornbaustaehlen-2</identifier>
    <note>Das IGF-Vorhaben 17978 N wurde über die Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen "Otto von Guericke" (AiF) im Rahmen des Programms zur Förderung der Industriellen Gemeinschaftsforschung (IGF) vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages gefördert</note>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG-Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfester Stahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kaltrisssicherheit</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59252</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>9</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Microstructure characterization of dissimilar metal welds of innovative high- and medium-entropy alloys to austenitic stainless steels joint by tungsten inert gas and friction stir welding</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The new multi-element alloying concept of systems with defined entropy (HEA — high-entropy alloy or MEA — medium-entropy alloy) is increasing in material research interest. Improved properties or combinations of properties are shown by several systems. Thus, the resulting microstructures and production of HEA/MEA as well as properties have been primarily investigated so far. Furthermore, processing is a key issue to transfer HEA/MEA systems to real components. Since welding is the most important joining process for metals, it is crucial to investigate the influence of welding to guarantee component integrity. Since most HEA are made of expensive alloying elements such as Co or Ni, they will not be used entirely as structural materials. Thus, it can be advantageous to weld conventional alloys such as austenitic stainless steels with the HEA and MEA to produce components that are both application-oriented and economically viable. Therefore, in this paper, first results of dissimilar metal welding, by tungsten inert gas (TIG) and friction stir welding (FSW), of a CoCrFeMnNi HEA as well as a CoCrNi MEA with a conventional AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel are presented. The focus is on the microstructure formation due to the two welding processes. The results of TIG welding show a dendritic microstructure, whereas in FSW both materials are stirred but still coexist.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-023-01618-z</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1878-6669</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_data">{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T05:13:02Z","timestamp":1703740382432},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703721600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Weld World"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-023-01618-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T02:02:00Z","timestamp":1703728920000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microstructure characterization of dissimilar metal welds of innovative high- and medium-entropy alloys to austenitic stainless steels joint by tungsten inert gas and friction stir welding"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Tim","family":"Richter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kjell","family":"Erxleben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Rhode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Schroepfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Boerner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"1618_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2003.10.257","volume":"375\u2013377","author":"B Cantor","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cantor B, Chang ITH, Knight P, Vincent AJB (2004) Microstructural development in equiatomic multicomponent alloys. Mater Sci Eng, A 375\u2013377:213\u2013218","journal-title":"Mater Sci Eng, A"},{"issue":"5","key":"1618_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/adem.200300567","volume":"6","author":"JW Yeh","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yeh JW, Chen SK, Lin SJ, Gan JY, Chin TS, Shun TT, Tsau CH, Chang SY (2004) Nanostructured high-entropy alloys with multiple principal elements: novel alloy design concepts and outcomes. Adv Eng Mater 6(5):299\u2013303","journal-title":"Adv Eng Mater"},{"key":"1618_CR3","unstructured":"Manzoni AM, Glatzel U (2020) High-entropy alloys: balancing strength and ductility at room temperature, Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering"},{"key":"1618_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2016.08.081","volume":"122","author":"DB Miracle","year":"2017","unstructured":"Miracle DB, Senkov ON (2017) A critical review of high entropy alloys and related concepts. Acta Mater 122:448\u2013511","journal-title":"Acta Mater"},{"issue":"8","key":"1618_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1007\/s40194-021-01110-6","volume":"65","author":"M Rhode","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rhode M, Richter T, Schroepfer D, Manzoni AM, Schneider M, Laplanche G (2021) Welding of high-entropy alloys and compositionally complex alloys\u2014an overview. Welding in the World 65(8):1645\u20131659","journal-title":"Welding in the World"},{"key":"1618_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2017.02.036","volume":"128","author":"G Laplanche","year":"2017","unstructured":"Laplanche G, Kostka A, Reinhart C, Hunfeld J, Eggeler G, George EP (2017) Reasons for the superior mechanical properties of medium-entropy CrCoNi compared to high-entropy CrMnFeCoNi. Acta Mater 128:292\u2013303","journal-title":"Acta Mater"},{"key":"1618_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park S, Nam H, Na Y, Kim H, Moon Y, Kang N (2019) Effect of initial grain size on friction stir weldability for rolled and cast CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloys, Metals and Materials International","DOI":"10.1007\/s12540-019-00466-1"},{"key":"1618_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2018.08.115","volume":"770","author":"S Park","year":"2019","unstructured":"Park S, Park C, Na Y, Kim H-S, Kang N (2019) Effects of (W, Cr) carbide on grain refinement and mechanical properties for CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloys. J Alloy Compd 770:222\u2013228","journal-title":"J Alloy Compd"},{"key":"1618_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Richter T, Giese M, Rhode M, Schroepfer D, Michael T, Fritsch T (2021) Influence of surface preparation on cracking phenomena in TIG-welded high and medium entropy alloys, Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 6(1)","DOI":"10.3390\/jmmp6010005"},{"issue":"2","key":"1618_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1080\/13621718.2019.1644471","volume":"25","author":"H Nam","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nam H, Park S, Chun E-J, Kim H, Na Y, Kang N (2019) Laser dissimilar weldability of cast and rolled CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloys for cryogenic applications. Sci Technol Weld Joining 25(2):127\u2013134","journal-title":"Sci Technol Weld Joining"},{"key":"1618_CR11","unstructured":"ISO, ISO\/TR 581:2005 Weldability \u2014 metallic materials \u2014 general principles, 2005"},{"issue":"5","key":"1618_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1080\/02670836.2019.1573525","volume":"35","author":"N Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu N, Song Q, Bao Y (2019) Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of friction stir welded FeCrNiCoMn high-entropy alloy. Mater Sci Technol 35(5):577\u2013584","journal-title":"Mater Sci Technol"},{"key":"1618_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heidarzadeh A, Mironov S, Kaibyshev R, \u00c7am G, Simar A, Gerlich A, Khodabakhshi FF, Mostafaei A, Field DP, Robson JD, Deschamps A, Withers PJ (2021) Friction stir welding\/processing of metals and alloys: a comprehensive review on microstructural evolution. Prog Mater Sci 117(1):100752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2020.100752"},{"key":"1618_CR14","unstructured":"DIN, DIN EN ISO 6520 - 2: Einteilung von geometrischen Unregelm\u00e4\u00dfigkeiten an Metallen, Pressschwei\u00dfungen, 2001"},{"key":"1618_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliveira JP, Shen J, Zeng Z, Park JM, Choi YT, Schell N, Maawad E, Zhou N, Kim HS (2022) Dissimilar laser welding of a CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy to 316 stainless steel. Scr Mater 206(1):114219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scriptamat.2021.114219"},{"key":"1618_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliveira JP, Shamsolhodaei A, Shen J, Lopes JG, Gon\u00e7alves RM, de Brito Ferraz M, Pi\u00e7arra L, Zeng Z, Schell N, Zhou N, Kim HS (2022) Improving the ductility in laser welded joints of CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy to 316 stainless steel. Mater Des 219(1):110717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2022.110717"},{"issue":"11","key":"1618_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4280","DOI":"10.1007\/s11837-022-05500-z","volume":"74","author":"M Samiuddin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Samiuddin M, Li J, Muzamil M, Khan S, Xiong J (2022) Parametric optimization of diffusion welding process in joining of CoCrNi medium-entropy alloys (MEA) and SUS 304 Stainless Steel Using Full Factorial Design. Jom 74(11):4280\u20134293","journal-title":"Jom"},{"key":"1618_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Richter T, Schroepfer D, Rhode M, Boerner A, Neumann RS, Schneider M, Laplanche G (2022) Influence of machining on the surface integrity of high- and medium-entropy alloys. Mater Chem and Phys 275(1):125271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2021.125271"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1618_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s11085-020-10014-7","volume":"95","author":"C Stephan-Scherb","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stephan-Scherb C, Schulz W, Schneider M, Karafiludis S, Laplanche G (2021) High-temperature oxidation in dry and humid atmospheres of the equiatomic CrMnFeCoNi and CrCoNi high- and medium-entropy alloys. Oxid Met 95(1\u20132):105\u2013133","journal-title":"Oxid Met"},{"key":"1618_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20159","DOI":"10.1038\/srep20159","volume":"6","author":"K Jin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jin K, Sales BC, Stocks GM, Samolyuk GD, Daene M, Weber WJ, Zhang Y, Bei H (2016) Tailoring the physical properties of Ni-based single-phase equiatomic alloys by modifying the chemical complexity. Sci Rep 6:20159","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1618_CR21","volume-title":"Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann","author":"SMR Book","year":"2004","unstructured":"Book SMR (2004) Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann. Great Briton, Oxford"},{"key":"1618_CR22","unstructured":"Smithells Metals Reference Book, 7 ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, England, 1992"},{"key":"1618_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22306","DOI":"10.1038\/srep22306","volume":"6","author":"BR Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen BR, Yeh AC, Yeh JW (2016) Effect of one-step recrystallization on the grain boundary evolution of CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy and its subsystems. Sci Rep 6:22306","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"1618_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1080\/13621718.2018.1430114","volume":"23","author":"Z Wu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wu Z, David SA, Leonard DN, Feng Z, Bei H (2018) Microstructures and mechanical properties of a welded CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy. Sci Technol Weld Joining 23(7):585\u2013595","journal-title":"Sci Technol Weld Joining"},{"key":"1618_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang J, Wu J, Zhang CY, Zhang SD, Yang BJ, Emori W, Wang JQ (2020) Effects of Mn on the electrochemical corrosion and passivation behavior of CoFeNiMnCr high-entropy alloy system in H2SO4 solution. J Alloys Compd 819(1):152943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2019.152943"},{"key":"1618_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intermet.2013.10.024","volume":"46","author":"Z Wu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wu Z, Bei H, Otto F, Pharr GM, George EP (2014) Recovery, recrystallization, grain growth and phase stability of a family of FCC-structured multi-component equiatomic solid solution alloys. Intermetallics 46:131\u2013140","journal-title":"Intermetallics"}],"container-title":["Welding in the World"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40194-023-01618-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40194-023-01618-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40194-023-01618-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T02:07:02Z","timestamp":1703729222000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40194-023-01618-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["1618"],"URL":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/s40194-023-01618-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-2288","1878-6669"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-2288","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-6669","type":"electronic"}],"subject":["Metals and Alloys","Mechanical Engineering","Mechanics of Materials"],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 March 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 October 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 December 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">30.01.2024</enrichment>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>Kjell Erxleben</author>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Michael</author>
    <author>Andreas Börner</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Metals and Alloys</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mechanical Engineering</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mechanics of Materials</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57269</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>987</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>996</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <volume>67</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of the WAAM process and design aspects on residual stresses in high-strength structural steels</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) enables the efficient production of weight-optimized modern engineering structures. Further increases in efficiency can be achieved by using high-strength structural steels. Commercial welding consumables for WAAM are already available on the market. Lack of knowledge and guidelines regarding welding residual stress and component safety during production and operation leads to severely limited use for industry applications. The sensitive microstructure of high-strength steels carries a high risk of cold cracking; therefore, residual stresses play a crucial role. For this reason, the influences of the material, the WAAM process, and the design on the formation of residual stresses and the risk of cold cracking are being investigated. The material used has a yield strength of over 800 MPa. This strength is adjusted via solid solution strengthening and a martensitic phase transformation. The volume expansion associated with martensite formation has a significant influence on the residual stresses. The focus of the present investigation is on the additive welding parameters and component design on their influence on hardness and residual stresses, which are analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD). Reference specimens (hollow cuboids) are welded fully automated with a systematic variation of heat control and design. Welding parameters and AM geometry are correlated with the resulting microstructure, hardness, and residual stress state. Increased heat input leads to lower tensile residual stresses which causes unfavorable microstructure and mechanical properties. The component design affects heat dissipation conditions and the intensity of restraint during welding and has a significant influence on the residual stress.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1878-6669</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-023-01503-9</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-572698</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">05.04.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PaperofMonth">1</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Karsten Wandtke</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>R. Scharf-Wildenhain</author>
    <author>A. Hälsig</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <author>J. Hensel</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DED-arc</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steel filler metal</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stress</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/57269/Wandtke2023_Article_WAAM process and design aspects.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>41064</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Optimierung schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen an höherfesten Verbindungen durch Wärmeführung</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Höherfeste Feinkornbaustähle werden zunehmend in modernen Schweißkonstruktionen bspw. dem Mobilkranbau eingesetzt. Während der schweißtechnischen Verarbeitung sind für diese Stahlgüten aufgrund ihres speziellen Gefüges und relativ hohen Streckgrenzenverhältnisses engere Verfahrensgrenzen einzuhalten als bei Stählen mit niedrigerer Festigkeit. Zudem erfordert die Sicherheit höherfester Schweißverbindungen präzise Kenntnisse über die Höhe und Verteilung schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen, da diese die erreichbare Tragfähigkeit und Bauteilperformance sowie den wirtschaftlichen Einsatz beeinflussen. Geltende Fertigungsrichtlinien für Schweißkonstruktionen wurden vorrangig für niedrigfeste Güten erarbeitet und vernachlässigen reale Steifigkeits- und Wärmeableitungsbedingungen.&#13;
In dieser Arbeit wird deshalb der Einfluss der Wärmeführung auf die Eigenspannungsausbildung und Gesamtbeanspruchung in Schweißverbindungen typischer Vertreter höherfester Feinkornbaustähle (z.B. S960QL) systematisch untersucht. Zur Berücksichtigung äußerer Bauteilsteifigkeiten wurden die Proben in Nahtquerrichtung unter definierten realitätsnahen Einspanngraden in speziellen dreidimensional wirkenden Prüfanlagen mehrlagig geschweißt. Dabei ließen sich die resultierenden Kräfte und Spannungen multiaxial in-situ analysieren und ein deutlicher Einfluss der Wärmeführung auf den Kräfte- und Momentenhaushalt aufzeigen. Mittels statistischer Auswertung  wurden wesentliche Aussagen für adaptierte Wärmeführungs- und Schweißparameter zur Beanspruchungsoptimierung entwickelt. Die Bewertung der Effekte und Interaktionen der Einflussfaktoren nach Wirkungsart und -ort gestattete zudem, Ansätze zur Berücksichtigung schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen bei der Auslegung höherfester Schweißkonstruktionen zu erarbeiten.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Forschungsseminar IWF WiSe2016/2017 (OVGU)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Magdeburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">10.01.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">10.01.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wärmeführung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Feinkornbaustahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bauteilversuch</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>41074</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Load analyses of welded high-strength steel structures using image correlation and diffraction techniques</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In an increasing number of modern steel applications high-strength steel grades are demanded to meet specifications regarding a high load bearing capacity and a low operating weight. Lightweight design rules enhance the safety requirements, especially for welded joints. Besides a higher cracking risk for HSLA steel welds, the formation of tensile residual stresses might lead to fracture due to overloading or premature failure if not adequately considered. In codes and standards, therefore, residual stress on the amount of the yield strength are expected, disregarding the circumstance that generally the residual stresses are much lower in HSLA steel welds. Oftentimes this leads to an underestimation of the proof strength in high-strength welded components and economical disadvantages using HSLA steels. In this study, a stress-strain analysis was conducted at component related structures from S960QL using digital image correlation while preheating welding and cooling adjacent to the weld seam. X-ray diffraction analysis of the local residual stresses in the weld seam showed a good comparability with the global analyses. The comparison of two different seam geometries revealed significantly lower multi-axial stresses if a narrower weld groove is used.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Annual Assembly 2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Shanghai, China</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">25.06.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">29.06.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>GMA Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Restraint</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process parameters</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>40312</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>226</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>232</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>27</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>ELSEVIER</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Welding residual stresses in 960 MPa grade QT and TMCP high-strength steels</title>
    <abstract language="eng">High-strength steels with yield strengths ≥ 690 MPa are becoming increasingly significant for modern steel constructions. Both quenched and tempered (QT) high-strength steels and steels produced by the thermo-mechanically controlled process (TMCP) are currently available. TMCP-steels are usually provided with a typical mill scale. Apart from the manufacturing process these steels differ also in their chemical composition. The influence of these differences are investigated here with focus on the residual stresses formed during TIG welding. Bead on plate welds have shown characteristic residual stress distributions depending on the type of steel as well as on the heat input and preheat temperature. The following work demonstrates that the fluid flow, induced by the elements present in the mill scale, leads to a deeper penetration of the material. This can also lead to increased residual stresses in the surface of the weld and the HAZ. Furthermore, higher heat input and preheat temperature can induce higher tensile residual stresses − which are evident in the present study.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Manufacturing Processes</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.jmapro.2017.05.006</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1526-6125</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">14.07.2017</enrichment>
    <author>Thomas Schaupp</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mill scale</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Phase transformation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>43235</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>437</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>446</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Key aspects of component welding applying higher-strength fine-grained structural steels</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The increased application of higher-strength steels and filler materials necessitates a more profound understanding of the interactions between the welding process, the heat input, the cooling conditions and the resulting metallurgical processes in the weid and its surroundings. Strategies, which help to improve the strength properties and life-time of welded stmctures to such an extent that the utilisation of higher-strength materials can be justified and their lightweight construction potential can thus be exploited to the füll, can only be derived from the interaction between all the influencing factors. Examples of a few investigations on welded joints between higher-strength fine-grained structural steels with regard to the interactions between the main variables influencing the cold cracking are presented in this article.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">WSE &amp; CAWE 2017</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="eventName">7th International Conference on Weiding Science and Engineering in conjunction with 3rd International Symposium on Computer-Aided Welding Engineering</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Jinan, China</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">18.10.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">20.10.2017</enrichment>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Higher-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cold cracking</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Heat control</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>28922</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2013</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Analysen zum Einfluss der Schweißprozessführung auf die Eigenspannungen in hochfesten Schweißkonstruktionen aus S960QL</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Frühjahrssitzung 2013 des AWT Fachausschusses Eigenspannung</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">31816</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Frühjahrssitzung 2013 des AWT Fachausschusses Eigenspannung</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Munich, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2013-05-07</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2013-05-08</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>31146</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Improving Welding Stress by Filler Metal and Heat Control Selection im Component Related Butt Joints of High Strength Steel</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">IIW Annual Assembly 2014</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">34140</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Annual Assembly 2014</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Seoul, South Korea</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2014-07-13</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2014-07-17</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>31582</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>434</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>441</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>8</issue>
    <volume>66</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Verl. für Schweißen u. Verwandte Verfahren, DVS-Verl.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Düsseldorf</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Deutscher Verband für Schweißen und Verwandte Verfahren</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Effekt der Wärmeführung auf schweißbedingte Beanspruchungen in Bauteilen aus hochfestem Feinkornbaustahl</title>
    <abstract language="deu">In modernen Stahlkonstruktionen werden zunehmend hochfeste Feinkornbaustähle mit Streckgrenzen ab 960 MPa eingesetzt. Die wirtschaftliche Verarbeitung dieser Stähle wird neben der Erreichung der anforderungsgerechten mechanischen Eigenschaften durch die Sicherheitsanforderungen an die Schweißnaht bestimmt. Dabei bedingen hohe Eigenspannungen im Schweißnahtbereich eine Reduzierung der Bauteilsicherheit. Insbesondere bei erhöhter konstruktiver Schrumpfbehinderung können Eigenspannungen risskritisches Niveau erreichen. In einer speziellen 2- MN-Prüfanlage wurden dazu Bauteilschweißversuche mit definierter äußerer Schrumpfbehinderung abgebildet. Während dieser mehrlagigen Schweißversuche war die gleichzeitige Messung von Temperatur und Reaktionskräften beim Schweißen und Abkühlen möglich. Die schweißnahtnahen Eigenspannungen wurden mittels röntgenographischer Eigenspannungsanalyse vor und nach dem Entlasten des Probeblechs in der Prüfanlage ermittelt. Sowohl die globalen als auch die lokalen schweißbedingten Beanspruchungen waren deutlich von der Wärmeführung beeinflusst.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#13;
Modern steel constructions are built increasingly using highstrength fine-grained structural steels with a yield strength of ≥ 960 MPa. The efficient processing of these steels is determined not only by the achievement of the mechanical properties needed but also by the safety requirements of the weld. High stresses in the weld area cause a reduction of the component safety. Residual stresses can reach a critical level at which the material is susceptible to cracking, especially in case of increased constructive restraint. For this purpose, component weld tests with a defined external restraint were reproduced in a special 2-MN-testing facility. During these multi-layer weld tests the simultaneous measurement of the temperature and reaction forces during welding and cooling was possible. The residual stresses of the weld joint area were determined by means of X-ray difraction analysis before and after release of the restraint. The global stresses due to welding as well as the local ones were clearly influenced by the heat control.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Schweißen und Schneiden : Fachzeitschrift für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">34607</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0036-7184</identifier>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Festigkeit</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfester Stahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Metallurgische Fragen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Rissbildung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wärmeführung beim Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wasserstoff</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Werkstofffragen</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>31443</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>457</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>462</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>996</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Trans Tech Publ.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Zurich</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Welding residual stress distribution of quenched and tempered and thermo-mechanically hot rolled high strength steels</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Beside quenched and tempered (QT) high strength steels advanced technologies in steel manufacturing provide steels produced by the thermo-mechanical controlled process (TMCP) with yield strength of 960 MPa. These steels differ in the carbon and micro-alloying element content. With variation of heat control TIG-welded dummy seams on both steel types were performed. Analyses concerning microstructure and residual stress evolution due to welding showed typical stress distributions according to common concepts. Yet, the TMCP-steel shows higher residual stresses than the QT-steel.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Advanced materials research</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">34463</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.996.457</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1022-6680</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1662-8985</identifier>
    <enrichment key="zsBemerkung">Eigentlich handelt es sich bei "Advanced Materials Research" nicht um eine Zeitschrift, sondern um eine Buchreihe, in der vorwiegend Tagungsbände veröffentlicht werden. Allerdings werden alle Bände der Buchreihe automatisch von Thomson/Reuters für die Datenbank "Web of Science" indexiert (Quelle: E-Mail von Hr. Frey von Thomson/Reuters an Hr. Harloff-Puhr vom 17.12.2013). An den zugehörigen Tagungen ist dies in der Liste der aufgenommenen Tagungen von Thomson/Reuters allerdings nicht sicher zu erkennen, da die Tagungsreihen nicht mit jedem Tagungsband in der Reihe erscheinen.  Die Zuordnung zur 1000-Euro-Liste geschieht am sichersten, wenn die Einträge als Zeitschriftenartikel in der als ZEITSCHRIFT aufgenommenen Reihe "Advanced Materials Research" eingegeben werden. Die Reihe besitzt eine ISSN und ist auch in der EZB als elektronische Zeitschrift aufgenommen, so dass diese Interpretation mit anderen Quellen konform ist.  Die Angaben für "Erscheinungsort", "Verlag" und "Erscheinungsverlauf" stimmen nicht mit den Angaben in der ZDB überein, die falsch zu sein scheinen. Sie wurden anhand des Online-Katalogs der TIB Hannover ermittelt, indem die individuellen Bände der Buchreihe aufgerufen wurden. Da der konkrete Ort von Band zu Band variiert, (z. B. "Uetikon", "Stafa" und "Durnten") wurde "Zurich" als Ort gewählt, obwohl es sich korrekterweise nur um den Kanton Zürich handelt, und nicht die Stadt.  Jan Harloff-Puhr, 17.12.2013</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">25.09.2014</enrichment>
    <author>Thomas Schaupp</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mill Scale</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Quenched</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual Stress</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tempered High Strength Steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermo-Mechanical Controlled Process</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>29800</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2013</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der Wärmeführung auf die Eigenspannungsausbildung und Gesamtbeanspruchung in hochfesten Schweißverbindungen aus Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">DVS Congress 2013</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">32733</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">DVS Congress 2013</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Essen, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2013-09-16</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2013-09-21</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>29799</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2013</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einfluss der Wärmeführung auf die Beanspruchung in Mehrlagenschweißverbindungen aus hochfestem Feinkornbaustahl</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">6. Rostocker Schweißtage 2013</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">32732</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">6. Rostocker Schweißtage 2013</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Rostock, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2013-11-12</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2013-11-13</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>29801</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2013</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Correlating welding reaction stresses and weld process conditions for high strenght steel S960QL</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">IIW Annual Assembly 2013</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">32734</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Annual Assembly 2013</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Essen, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2013-09-11</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2013-09-17</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>29793</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2013</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Influence of process conditions on stresses in welded high strenght steels</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Thermec 2013</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">32726</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Thermec 2013</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Las Vegas, NV, USA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2013-12-02</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2013-12-06</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>30687</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2013</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>339</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>344</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>296</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>DVS Media GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Düsseldorf</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>DVS - Deutscher Verband für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren e.V.</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der Wärmeführung auf die Eigenspannungsausbildung und Gesamtbeanspruchung in Schweißverbindungen aus hochfestem Feinkornbaustahl</title>
    <abstract language="deu">In modernen Schweißkonstruktionen des Stahl- und Ingenieurbaus werden zunehmend hochfeste Feinkornbaustähle eingesetzt. Grundsätzlich sind während der schweißtechnischen Verarbeitung hochfester Stahlgüten aufgrund ihres speziellen Gefüges und wegen ihres vergleichweise hohen Streckgrenzenverhältnisses engere Verfahrensgrenzen einzuhalten, als bei Stählen mit niedrigerer Festigkeit. Die Sicherheit von hochfesten Schweißverbindungen erfordert präzise Kenntnisse über die Höhe und Verteilung der schweißbedingten Beanspruchungen, da sie die erreichbare Tragfähigkeit unmittelbar beeinflussen. In den Untersuchungen wurde der Einfluss der Wärmeführung in Form der Zwischenlagentemperatur und Streckenenergie auf die Eigenspannungsausbildung und Gesamtbeanspruchung in hochfesten Schweißverbindungen ermittelt. Zur Berücksichtigung einer äußeren Bauteilsteifigkeit wurden die Proben in Nahtquerrichtung unter einem definierten Einspanngrad in einer speziellen Prüfanlage (CTW-Test) mehrlagig geschweißt. Es zeigte sich beispielsweise, dass insbesondere die Zwischenlagentemperatur einen direkten Einfluss auf die globalen Reaktionsspannungen hat. Ferner bedingt die Erhöhung der Wärmeführung ein deutliches Anheben der Zugeigenspannungen im Bereich des Schweißgutes.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">DVS Congress 2013 - Große Schweißtechnische Tagung / DVS-Berichte</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">33664</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-87155-614-2</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">DVS Congress 2013 - Große Schweißtechnische Tagung</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Essen, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">16.09.2013</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">21.09.2013</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <author>Thomas Lausch</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG-Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Einspanngrad</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfeste Feinkornbaustähle</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wärmeführung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißparameter</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>30641</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Improving Welding Stresses by Filler Metal and Heat Control Selection in Component Related Butt Joints of High Strength Steel</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">IIW Intermediate Meeting 2014, C II-A</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">33617</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Intermediate Meeting 2014, C II-A</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2014-03-31</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2014-04-05</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>30642</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einfluss der Wärmeführung auf schweibedingte Beanspruchung in Bauteilen auch hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Sitzung AG Q4.1 Wasserstoffunterstützte Rissbildung</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">33618</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Sitzung AG Q4.1 Wasserstoffunterstützte Rissbildung</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Essen, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2014-03-27</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2014-03-27</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>32475</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einfluss der Wärmeführung auf schweißbedingte Beanspruchung in Bauteilen auch hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">NA 092-00-04 AA "Qualitätssicherung beim Schweißen" (DVS AG Q 2)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">35541</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">NA 092-00-04 AA "Qualitätssicherung beim Schweißen" (DVS AG Q 2)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Essen, Deutschland</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2014-12-10</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2014-12-10</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>32802</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">In-situ load analysis in multi-run welding using LTT filler materials</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">IIW Intermediate Meeting C-X</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">35878</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Intermediate Meeting C-X</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Freiburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2015-02-23</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2015-02-24</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>32476</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Online Monitoring of Reaction Forces and Stresses in Welded Components</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Visual-JW 2014 (Invited Lecture)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">35542</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Visual-JW 2014 (Invited Lecture)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Osaka, Japan</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2014-11-27</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2014-11-29</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>32779</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">An Approach to Assess Residual Stresses in Welded Components</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">IIW Intermediate Meeting C-X</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">35855</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Intermediate Meeting C-X</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Freiburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2015-02-23</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2015-02-24</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>33145</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Optimierung schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen an Bauteilen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen beim Einsatz modifizierter Sprühlichtbogenprozesse</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Sitzung AG Q4.1 Wasserstoffunterstützte Rissbildung</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">36227</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Sitzung AG Q4.1 Wasserstoffunterstützte Rissbildung</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2015-04-14</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2015-04-14</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>33147</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Wie können schweißbedingte Beanspruchungen bei der Konstruktion hochfester Bauteilsegmente berücksichtigt werden?</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Frühjahrssitzung AWT FA 13 "Eigenspannungen", 2015</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">36229</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Frühjahrssitzung AWT FA 13 "Eigenspannungen", 2015</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Hannover, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2015-04-28</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2015-04-29</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>34987</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>683</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>688</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>315</issue>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>DVS Media GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Düsseldorf</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Deutscher Verband für Schweißen und Verwandte Verfahren</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Schweißbedingte Beanspruchungen beim Einsatz modifizierter Sprühlichtbogenprozesse in hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Aktuelle Bestrebungen zum Leichtbau sowie zur Erhöhung der Energie- und Ressourceneffizienz führen zum steigenden Einsatz hochfester Feinkornbaustähle in einer deutlich wachsenden Anzahl von Branchen. Mit zunehmender Festigkeit steigt die Herausforderung an die schweißtechnische Verarbeitung und Bemessung der Konstruktion infolge engerer Verfahrensgrenzen und hoher Streckgrenzenverhältnisse [1]. Moderne modifizierte Sprühlichtbogenprozesse gestatten neben den bekannten wirtschaftlichen Vorteilen gerade im Zusammenhang mit der veränderten Nahtgeometrie, dem reduzierten Schweißnahtvolumen sowie Gesamtwärmeeintrag deutlich geringere schweißbedingte Beanspruchungen. Dadurch erhöht sich die Beanspruchbarkeit hochfester Schweißkonstruktionen. in den Untersuchungen wurde der Einfluss von Schweißprozess und damit verbundener Nahtgeometrie auf die Eigenspannungsausbildung und Gesamtbeanspruchung in hochfesten Schweißverbindungen ermittelt. Mit einer speziellen Prüfanlage (CTW-Test) wurden Proben unter definiertem, bauteilrelevantem Einspanngrad in Nahtquerrichtung mehrlagig geschweißt. Dabei zeigte sich insbesondere für das Nahtvolumen ein signifikanter Einfluss auf die globalen Reaktionsspannungen. Ferner sind die lokalen Zugeigenspannungen im Bereich des Schweißgutes durch den Einsatz modifizierter Sprühlichtbogenprozesse geringer.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">DVS Congress 2015 - Große Schweißtechnische Tagung</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">38137</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-945023-46-4</identifier>
    <note>Serientitel: DVS-Berichte – Series title: DVS-Berichte</note>
    <enrichment key="eventName">DVS Congress 2015 - Große Schweißtechnische Tagung</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Nuremberg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">14.09.2015</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">17.09.2015</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wärmeführung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfester Feinkornbaustahl</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>34831</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Improving welding stresses in HSLA steel components using modified spray arc processes</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">5th IIW Welding Research and Collaboration Colloquium</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">37980</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">5th IIW Welding Research and Collaboration Colloquium</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Limburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2015-10-28</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2015-10-30</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>34834</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">An Approach to Assess Residual Stresses in Welded Components</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">IIW Annual Assembly C-IIA</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">37984</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Annual Assembly C-IIA</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Helsinki, Finland</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2015-06-28</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2015-07-02</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57561</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>7</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>522</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier B.V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Wear behavior of innovative niobium carbide cutting tools in ultrasonic-assisted finishing milling</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The resources of niobium exceed the ones of tungsten by an order of magnitude. With 92%, Brazil is today the main global producer of niobium. Hence, niobium carbides (NbC) are a sustainable and economic alternative to conventionally used cutting materials, especially tungsten carbides (WC). Moreover, NbC can be used in Ni alloy matrix and thus offer significant advantages by substituting WC in Co matrix as cutting materials in terms of health risks and raw material price and supply risk. Based on recent studies which found an increased performance of NbC compared to WC cutting tools in machining higher strength steels, the composition NbC12Ni4Mo4VC was chosen for finish machining of a high-strength steel S960QL in this study. The experiments were carried out on an ultrasonic-assisted 5-axis milling machine using NbC tools specially made to benchmark them with commercially available coated WC cutting inserts. In addition, the influence of a coating system for the NbC inserts is tested and evaluated for its performance in the cutting process. Tool wear and cutting force analyses are implied to identify optimal parameter combinations as well as tool properties for the novel NbC tool. Together with the oscillation of ultrasonic-assisted milling, the loads on the component surface and the tool can be reduced and the wear behavior of the novel NbC tool can be refined. These milling tests are accompanied by standardized wear tests, i.e., pin-on-disc, between the aforementioned material combinations, and the results are correlated with each other. Finally, the behavior when using hard-to-cut materials such as Ni alloys, or innovative materials such as iron aluminide is also being tested, as these are constantly in the focus of machining optimization. With this strategy, comprehensive knowledge is achievable for future efficient application of NbC for milling tools, which have already been researched for decades using WC.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">24th International Conference on Wear of Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.wear.2023.204722</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0043-1648</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">24th International Conference on Wear of Materials</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Banff, Canada</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">16.04.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">20.04.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">31.05.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Julien Witte</author>
    <author>Daniela Hübler</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Andreas Börner</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Niobium carbide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cutting tool</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic-assisted milling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tool wear</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.5 Tribologie und Verschleißschutz</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>56641</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>113</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>124</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>41</issue>
    <volume>370</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>DVS Media GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Düsseldorf</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) mit hochfesten  Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die additive Verarbeitung hochfester Feinkornbaustähle mittels Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) ist ein komplexes, aber zugleich auch effizientes Verfahren, bei dem Werkstoff, Bauteilgeometrie und Schweißprozess gezielt aufeinander abgestimmt sein müssen. Ziel dieser Studie war es, einen Zusammenhang zwischen den Prozessparametern und der generierten Schichtgeometrie zu ermitteln. Dazu wurden definierte Referenzkörper mit einem robotergestützten Schweißsystem additiv gefertigt und hinsichtlich Schichthöhe, Wandstärke und Mikrostruktur analysiert. Fokus der Untersuchung waren sowohl konventionelle als auch für die WAAM-Fertigung speziell entwickelte hochfeste Schweißzusatzwerkstoffe. Die geometrischen Eigenschaften additiv gefertigter Bauteile lassen sich insbesondere durch die Faktoren Drahtvorschubgeschwindigkeit und Schweißgeschwindigkeit gezielt einstellen. Jedoch können diese Parameter nicht beliebig variiert werden, auch aufgrund der rheologischen Eigenschaften der Zusatzwerkstoffe. Zu hohe Streckenenergien führen zu lokalen Überhitzungen und Fehlstellen in der generierten Schicht. Undefinierte Fließ- und Erstarrungsvorgänge im überhitzten Bereich erschweren die maßhaltige Fertigung. Deshalb wird bei speziellen WAAM-Schweißdrähten das Fließverhalten gezielt modifiziert, sodass es über einen größeren Temperaturbereich hinweg konstant ist. Erst die Kenntnis über die komplexen Zusammenhänge zwischen den Prozessparametern und der Bauteilgeometrie ermöglicht die Erzeugung exakter Schichtmodelle für die additive Fertigung. Dies bildet die Grundlage für die Bearbeitung weiterer Fragestellungen auf dem Gebiet der additiven Fertigung mit hochfesten Zusatzwerkstoffen und insbesondere deren Anwendung in modernen hochfesten Bauteilen.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">DVS Berichte, Assistentenseminar Fügetechnik</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-96144-141-9</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">41. Assistentenseminar Fügetechnik</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Magdeburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">03.09.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">04.09.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>R. Scharf-Wildenhain</author>
    <author>A. Hälsig</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Karsten Wandtke</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG-Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive Fertigung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfester Stahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kaltrisssicherheit</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Additive Fertigung</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52706</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>15</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Nature</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Welding of high-entropy alloys and compositionally complex alloys - an overview</title>
    <abstract language="eng">High-entropy alloys (HEAs) and compositionally complex alloys (CCAs) represent new classes of materials containing five or more alloying elements (concentration of each element ranging from 5 to 35 at. %). In the present study, HEAs are defined as single-phase solid solutions; CCAs contain at least two phases. The alloy concept of HEAs/CCAs is fundamentally different from most conventional alloys and promises interesting properties for industrial applications (e.g., to overcome the strength-ductility trade-off). To date, little attention has been paid to the weldability of HEAs/CCAs encompassing effects on the welding metallurgy. It remains open whether welding of HEAs/CCAs may lead to the formation of brittle intermetallics and promote elemental segregation at crystalline defects. The effect on the weld joint properties (strength, corrosion resistance) must be investigated. The weld metal and heat-affected zone in conventional alloys are characterized by non-equilibrium microstructural evolutions that most probably occur in HEAs/CCAs. The corresponding weldability has not yet been studied in detail in the literature, and the existing information is not documented in a comprehensive way. Therefore, this study summarizes the most important results on the welding of HEAs/CCAs and their weld joint properties, classified by HEA/CCA type (focused on CoCrFeMnNi and AlxCoCrCuyFeNi system) and welding process.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the World</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-021-01110-6</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-527068</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">31.05.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Anna Maria Manzoni</author>
    <author>M. Schneider</author>
    <author>G. Laplanche</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-entropy alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Compositionally complex alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Properties</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Review</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5 Werkstofftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.1 Mikrostruktur Design und Degradation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/52706/Rhode2021_Article_WeldingOfHigh-entropyAlloysAnd.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>31147</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Influence of Heat Control on Welding Stresses in Multilayer-component Welds of High-strength Steel S960QL</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">ECRS9 (European Conference om Residual Stresses), 2014</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">34141</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">ECRS9 (European Conference om Residual Stresses), 2014</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Troyes, France</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2014-07-07</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2014-07-10</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>31031</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>poster</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Are residual stresses influenced by a mill scale? - Welding Residual Stresses in Quenched and Tempered and Thermo-Mechanically Hot Rolled High Strength Steels</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">9th European Conference on Residual Stresses</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">34021</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">9th European Conference on Residual Stresses</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Troyes, France</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2014-07-07</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2014-07-10</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>31444</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>475</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>480</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>996</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Trans Tech Publ.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Zurich</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of heat control on welding stresses in multilayer-component welds of high-strength steel S960QL</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Today high-strength structural steels (yield strength ≥ 960 MPa) are increasingly applied. Therefore, weldments have to achieve equal strength. Yet, high residual stresses in those welds diminish the components safety. Especially high restraint intensities can lead to crack-critical stress-levels. A special 2-MN-test facility allowed online-measurements of global reaction forces under defined restraint conditions during welding and cooling of multilayer-component MAG-welds. Local residual stresses were measured via X-ray diffraction before and after relief of the restraint. Local and global stresses were highly affected by heat control.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Advanced materials research</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">34464</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.996.475</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1022-6680</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1662-8985</identifier>
    <enrichment key="zsBemerkung">Eigentlich handelt es sich bei "Advanced Materials Research" nicht um eine Zeitschrift, sondern um eine Buchreihe, in der vorwiegend Tagungsbände veröffentlicht werden. Allerdings werden alle Bände der Buchreihe automatisch von Thomson/Reuters für die Datenbank "Web of Science" indexiert (Quelle: E-Mail von Hr. Frey von Thomson/Reuters an Hr. Harloff-Puhr vom 17.12.2013). An den zugehörigen Tagungen ist dies in der Liste der aufgenommenen Tagungen von Thomson/Reuters allerdings nicht sicher zu erkennen, da die Tagungsreihen nicht mit jedem Tagungsband in der Reihe erscheinen.  Die Zuordnung zur 1000-Euro-Liste geschieht am sichersten, wenn die Einträge als Zeitschriftenartikel in der als ZEITSCHRIFT aufgenommenen Reihe "Advanced Materials Research" eingegeben werden. Die Reihe besitzt eine ISSN und ist auch in der EZB als elektronische Zeitschrift aufgenommen, so dass diese Interpretation mit anderen Quellen konform ist.  Die Angaben für "Erscheinungsort", "Verlag" und "Erscheinungsverlauf" stimmen nicht mit den Angaben in der ZDB überein, die falsch zu sein scheinen. Sie wurden anhand des Online-Katalogs der TIB Hannover ermittelt, indem die individuellen Bände der Buchreihe aufgerufen wurden. Da der konkrete Ort von Band zu Band variiert, (z. B. "Uetikon", "Stafa" und "Durnten") wurde "Zurich" als Ort gewählt, obwohl es sich korrekterweise nur um den Kanton Zürich handelt, und nicht die Stadt.  Jan Harloff-Puhr, 17.12.2013</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">25.09.2014</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-Strength Steel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reaction Stress</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>32477</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einflüsse auf schweißbedingte Beanspruchung in Bauteilen aus hochfestem Feinkornbaustahl</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">MDDK Sommersemester 2014</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">35543</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">MDDK Sommersemester 2014</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Magdeburg, Deutschland</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2014-05-22</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2014-05-22</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>32546</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>455</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>464</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>59</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Oxford</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>International Institute of Welding</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Improving welding stresses by filler metal and heat control selection in component-related butt joints of high-strength steel</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The application of high-strength fine-grained structural steels with yield strengths greater than or equal to 690 MPa expands because of present light weight design trends. The requirements regarding the welded components safety increased due to high loading capacity. This determines a sustainable and economic application as well. However, high welding residual stresses could diminish the components safety, especially due to high restraint conditions in component or repair welds. Therefore, this work is concerned with global and local welding stresses, especially crack-critical welding stresses in the HAZ and while root welding due to the restraint conditions. Restraint intensities of real components were analysed and realised with two different weld tests, alongside two different plate dimensions and steel grades. A comparison of the test results showed several significant effects for heat control and restraint intensity regarding restraint forces and local welding stresses. Among these effects, substantial influences were found for the filler metal selection with partially altered results for root and filler beads. Local stresses of weld seam and HAZ were affected differently.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Welding in the world</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">35615</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s40194-014-0219-7</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0043-2288</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1878-6669</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">12.02.2015</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Arne Kromm</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Restraint</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process parameters</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>34833</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Influence of the weld thermal cycle on residual stress evolution and cold cracking resistance in welded high-strength steel constructions</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">The METEC and 2nd European Steel Technology and Application Days (ESTAD)conference</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">37982</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">The METEC and 2nd European Steel Technology and Application Days (ESTAD)conference</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Düsseldorf, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2015-06-15</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2015-06-19</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>34830</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einsatz modifizierter Sprühlichtbogenprozesse zur Optimierung schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen an Bauteilen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">8. Rostocker Schweißtage</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">37979</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">8. Rostocker Schweißtage</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Rostock, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2015-11-10</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2015-11-11</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>34835</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Untersuchungen zur Bewertung und Optimierung schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen in höherfesten Verbindungen</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">MDDK Sommersemster 2015</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">37985</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">MDDK Sommersemster 2015</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Magdeburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2015-05-21</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2015-05-21</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>34832</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>poster</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Analyses of Stresses due to Welding of High-strength Steel Components</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">5th IIW Welding Research and Collaboration Colloquium</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">37981</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">5th IIW Welding Research and Collaboration Colloquium</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Limburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2015-10-28</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2015-10-30</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>28921</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2013</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der Wärmeführung auf die Schweißeigenspannungen zur Senkung des Kaltrissrisikos in Bautteilen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Sitzung AG Q4.1 Wasserstoffunterstütze Rissbildung</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">31815</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Sitzung AG Q4.1 Wasserstoffunterstütze Rissbildung</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Magdeburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2013-04-11</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2013-04-11</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>28918</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2013</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Correlating welding reaction stresses and weld process sonditions for high strength steel S960QL</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">IIW Intermediate Meeting 2013</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">31812</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Intermediate Meeting 2013</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Graz, Austria</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2013-01-11</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2013-01-13</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>28923</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2013</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einfluss der Wärmeführung auf die Beanspruchungen in Schweißverbindungen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">10. Stahl-Symposium Hochfester Stahl im Stahl- und Maschinenbau - Neues aus Forschung und Anwendung</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">31817</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">10. Stahl-Symposium Hochfester Stahl im Stahl- und Maschinenbau - Neues aus Forschung und Anwendung</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Zweibrücken, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2013-05-15</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2013-05-16</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>45500</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Welding stress control in high-strength steel components using adapted heat control concepts</title>
    <abstract language="eng">High-strength steels are increasingly applied in modern steel constructions to meet today’s lightweight requirements. Welding of these steels demands a profound knowledge of the interactions between the welding process, cooling conditions, heat input and the resulting metallurgical occurrences in the weld and its vicinity. Additionally, welding stresses may be detrimental for the safety and performance of high-strength steel component welds during fabrication and service, especially due to the high yield ratio. For a development of strategies to adjust welding heat control, all these effects should be considered, to reach a complete exploitation of the high-strength steel potential. In recent researches at BAM, multilayer GMAW experiments were performed with high-strength steels, in which cooling conditions and resulting microstructure were analysed for varied heat control parameters. The application of a unique 3d-operating testing facility and X-ray diffraction measurements allowed the analysis of local stresses in the weld while welding and cooling under component relevant shrinkage restraints. As a result, correlations between material behaviour, welding and cooling condition and the arising multi-axial stresses and forces were found. Based on this study, statements for the development of adapted heat control concepts were derived, which are presented by means of specific analysis examples.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">IIW Intermediate Meeting C-II/CIX</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Genua, Italy</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">05.03.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">07.03.2018</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process parameters</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Residual stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>GMA Welding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Restraint</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>58352</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>615</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>623</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>389</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>DVS Media GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Düsseldorf</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>DVS Deutscher Verband für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren e.V.</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Charakterisierung der WIG und FSW-Mischverbindungen neuartiger Multielement-Legierungen mit einem austenitischen Stahl</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Multielement-Legierungen (MPEA - Multiple Principal Element Alloys), gemeinhin und partiell fälschlicherweise auch als Hochentropielegierungen bezeichnet) stellen eine neue Klasse von Werkstoffen dar, die aus mindestens drei Legierungselementen mit jeweils 5 bis 35 Atom-% bestehen. Somit unterscheidet sich dieses Legierungskonzept fundamental von konventionellen Werkstoffen wie Stahl oder Nickellegierungen. Hierzu werden die Legierungselemente gezielt ausgewählt und die Mikrostrukturen ein- und zum Teil auch mehrphasig eingestellt. Das Ziel ist dabei, hochinnovative MPEA mit individuell einstellbaren Eigenschaften für die industrielle Anwendung zu identifizieren. Dabei werden insbesondere Zielkonflikte, wie bspw. der Trade-off zwischen Festigkeit und Duktilität bei konventionellen Stählen, überwunden. Insbesondere die hohe mechanische Festigkeit bei höchster Korrosionsbeständigkeit sind bei bestimmten Legierungssystemen von hohem Interesse. Hier kann u.a. die Substitution klassischer hochlegierter Stähle oder Ni-Basislegierungen perspektivisch erfolgen. In den letzten 20 Jahren lag der Fokus jedoch auf der reinen Materialsynthese. Mit der Zunahme verfügbarer Werkstoffquantitäten, stehen Verarbeitungsfragen, wie werkstoff- und beanspruchungsgerechte Füge- bzw. Schweißverfahren jetzt im Mittelpunkt. Der Schweißeignung von MPEA wurde bisher nur äußert wenig Aufmerksamkeit zuteil. Erfahrungen zu Mischverbindungen&#13;
(DMWs - Dissimilar Metal Welds) fehlen dabei vollständig, sind jedoch essenziell für die Anwendung dieser Werkstoffe in Verbindung mit konventionellen Werkstoffen. Die vorliegende Studie präsentiert erstmals im deutschen Sprachraum, die umfassenden experimentellen Ergebnisse zur Schweißeignung von MPEA-Mischverbindungen und der resultierenden Mikrostruktur. Dazu wurden zwei äquiatomare MPEAs in Form einer Co20Cr20Fe20Mn20Ni20 (Hochentropie-) und Co33.3Cr33.3Ni33.3 (Mediumentropielegierung) mittels WIG und Rührreibschweißen mit einem konventionellen, korrosionsbeständigem Cr-Ni-Stahl AISI 304 (1.4301 bzw. X5CrNi18-10) gefügt. Die erstmals untersuchten DMWs resultierten dabei in sehr interessanten Mikrostrukturen, mechanisch-technologische Eigenschaften wurden durch instrumentierte Zugversuche gewonnen, die gleichzeitig der Ermittlung der lokalen Verformung im Schweißnahtbereich dienten (durch Verwendung der berührungslosen DIC-Digital Image Correlation-Technik). Dabei zeigt sich für beide Schweißverfahren eine Erweichung in der Wärmeeinflusszone (WEZ) der MPEAs sowie eine geringfügig verminderte Zugfestigkeit, bei einer deutlichen Abnahme der Bruchdehnung. Durch die Experimente konnte der prinzipielle Nachweis der Schweißeignung der MPEAs für DMWs mit konventionellen Werkstoffen erbracht werden, die auch eine dementsprechende mechanische Beanspruchbarkeit ermöglichen. Dies ermöglicht weitere Betrachtungen zur Anwendung dieser innovativen Werkstoffe.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">DVS Berichte 389: DVS CONGRESS 2023 Große Schweißtechnische Tagung DVS CAMPUS</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-96144-230-0</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">DVS Congress 2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Essen, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">11.09.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">14.09.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Michael Rhode</author>
    <author>Kjell Erxleben</author>
    <author>Tim Richter</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißeignung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mischverbindung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochentropielegierung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multielement-Legierung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>FSW</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>WIG</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59258</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>poster</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Wear behavior of innovative niobium carbide cutting tools in ultrasonic-assisted finishing milling</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The resources of niobium exceed the ones of tungsten by an order of magnitude. With 92%, Brazil is today the main global producer of niobium. Hence, niobium carbides (NbC) are a sustainable and economic alternative to conventionally used cutting materials, especially tungsten carbides (WC). Moreover, NbC can be used in Ni alloy matrix and thus offer significant advantages by substituting WC in Co matrix as cutting materials in terms of health risks and raw material price and supply risk. Based on recent studies which found an increased performance of NbC compared to WC cutting tools in machining higher strength steels, the composition NbC12Ni4Mo4VC was chosen for finish machining of a high-strength steel S960QL in this study. The experiments were carried out on an ultrasonic-assisted 5-axis milling machine using NbC tools specially made to benchmark them with commercially available coated WC cutting inserts. In addition, the influence of a coating system for the NbC inserts is tested and evaluated for its performance in the cutting process. Tool wear and cutting force analyses are implied to identify optimal parameter combinations as well as tool properties for the novel NbC tool. Together with the oscillation of ultrasonic-assisted milling, the loads on the component surface and the tool can be reduced and the wear behavior of the novel NbC tool can be refined. These milling tests are accompanied by standardized wear tests, i.e., pin-on-disc, between the aforementioned material combinations, and the results are correlated with each other. Finally, the behavior when using hard-to-cut materials such as Ni alloys, or innovative materials such as iron aluminide is also being tested, as these are constantly in the focus of machining optimization. With this strategy, comprehensive knowledge is achievable for future efficient application of NbC for milling tools, which have already been researched for decades using WC.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">24th International Conference on Wear of Materials</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Banff, Canada</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">16.04.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">20.04.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cutting tool</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Niobium carbide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tool wear</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic-assisted milling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>41068</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>54</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>67</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>2017</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation>DVS LV HH/SH, STG und SLV Nord</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Kaltrissbildung in Baustählen im Lichte der Regelwerke</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der verstärkte Einsatz höherfester Stähle und Zusatzwerkstoffe erfordert ein vertieftes Verständnis der Zusammenhänge zwischen Schweißverfahren, Wärmeeinbringung, Abkühlbedingungen sowie den daraus resultierenden metallurgischen Vorgängen in der Schweißnaht und deren Umgebung. Nur aus dem Zusammenwirken aller Einflussfaktoren lassen sich Strategien ableiten, mit deren Hilfe die Festigkeitseigenschaften bzw. die Lebensdauer von Schweißkonstruktionen in einem Maße verbessert werden können, die den Einsatz höherfester Werkstoffe rechtfertigen und somit deren Leichtbaupotenzial voll ausgenutzt werden kann. Vorgestellt werden einige beispielhafte Untersuchungen an Schweißverbindungen aus höherfesten Feinkornbaustählen zu Interaktionen der Haupteinflussgrößen auf die Kaltrissbildung.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">17. Tagung Schweißen in der maritimen Technik und im Ingenieurbau</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="eventName">17. Tagung Schweißen in der maritimen Technik und im Ingenieurbau</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Hamburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">19.04.2017</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">20.04.2017</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Tobias Mente</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kaltrisse</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>hochfeste Feinkornbaustähle</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannungen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wasserstoffbedingte Eigenschaftsdegradation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Regelwerke</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wärmeführung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>34989</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>49</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>58</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>227</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Stress build-up in HSLA steel welds due to material behaviour</title>
    <abstract language="eng">For the performance of high-strength steel welds by means of load bearing capacity and safety, the information about stress level and distribution due to welding is needed. The interaction between the filler material grade (strength) and heat input on the reaction stresses in high-strength steels, welded under defined restraint conditions were analysed. Butt welds were joined by a multilayer GMAW process in the Instrumented Restraint Cracking test facility (IRC-test). This test facility allowed a defined restraint and, simultaneously, an in-situ analysis of the reaction stresses while welding and cooling. The reaction force build-up of the weld tests showed a significant influence of the used filler materials according to the heat input. Higher strength filler material grades cause a decrease of the welding stresses compared to lower strength grades, if a low heat input is used. The different stress build-up is described in detail for the root welds, filler layers and subsequent cooling to ambient temperature. Residual stresses in the weld, HAZ and base material were measured in loaded and unloaded condition using the incremental hole drilling method.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of materials processing technology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">38139</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.08.003</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0924-0136</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1873-4774</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">30.11.2015</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Welding stresses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>GMAW</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Restraint</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High-strength steels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Filler material</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>34836</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2015</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Schweißbedingte Beanspruchungen beim Einsatz modifizierter Sprühlichtbogenprozesse in hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">DVS Congress 2015</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">37986</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">DVS Congress 2015</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Nürnberg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">2015-09-13</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">2015-09-18</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Weder Datei noch physisches Exemplar vorhanden ("No Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59260</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>156</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>P 1311</volume>
    <type>report</type>
    <publisherName>Verlag und Vertriebsgesellschaft</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Düsseldorf</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Forschungsvereinigung Stahlanwendung (FOSTA)</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Beanspruchungsgerechte Reparatur von Schweißverbindungen bei der Fertigung von Bauteilen aus hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Bei der Montage von Stahlkonstruktionen kommt es trotz anforderungsgerechter schweißtechnischer Fertigung vereinzelt zur Detektion von unzulässigen Unregelmäßigkeiten im Schweißbereich. Die Verarbeitungsregelwerke empfehlen das lokale thermische Ausfugen betroffener Bereiche und erneutes Schweißen, geben aber aufgrund fehlender wissenschaftlich fundierter Untersuchungen kaum Informationen zu adäquaten Reparaturkonzepten. Dies betrifft insbesondere die Berücksichtigung und Optimierung resultierender schweißbedingter Beanspruchungen durch hohe Schrumpfbehinderungen der Ausfugenuten sowie der Gefügedegradation angrenzender Bereiche durch das Ausfugen und erneute Schweißen. Gerade bei hochfesten Stahlgüten ergeben sich dadurch häufig reduzierte mechanische Eigenschaften und zusätzliche schweißbedingte Beanspruchungen sowie erneut auftretende Nahtdefekte.&#13;
&#13;
Deshalb wurden für das Forschungsvorhaben systematische bauteilrelevante Untersuchungen der schweißbedingten Beanspruchungen und Gefügeveränderungen reparierter Schweißnähte in Abhängigkeit von der Schrumpfbehinderung und Wärmeführung beim Schweißen und Ausfugen sowie von der Reparaturzyklenanzahl durchgeführt. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse zeigen auf, welche Faktoren sich für eine Beanspruchungsreduzierung auch bei hohen Einspannbedingungen eignen und wie eine Degradation des Gefüges und der Eigenschaften der Schweißnaht sowie wiederholte Schweißnahtdefekte in der Reparaturnaht vermieden werden können. Insbesondere können mittels adaptiver Wärmeführung geringere schweißbedingte Beanspruchungen in den Reparaturschweißnähten bewirkt werden. Bauteilversuche sichern zudem die Übertragbarkeit der Schweißexperimente in die Praxis ab.&#13;
&#13;
Aufgrund der Erkenntnisse konnten Empfehlungen für beanspruchungs- und werkstoffgerechte Reparaturkonzepte abgeleitet und ausgesprochen werden. Die Analysen wurden an den hochfesten Stahlgüten S500MLO für den Offshore-Bereich und S960QL für den Mobilkranbau realisiert. Damit wird insbesondere der wirtschaftlichen Fertigung hocheffizienter Konstruktionen für Windenergieanlagen und hochfester Strukturen, die für deren Errichtung notwendig sind, Rechnung getragen.&#13;
&#13;
So bieten die Forschungsergebnisse eine wesentliche Grundlage für die Weiterentwicklung entsprechender Normen und Regelwerke. Damit können letztlich Schäden und zumeist teure Nacharbeiten verhindert und eine verbesserte Ausnutzung des hohen Festigkeitspotentials hochfester Stähle erreicht werden. Gerade auch KMU können mit Blick auf die Kosten für Fertigung, Schweißarbeit und Material von den Erkenntnissen beim Einsatz hochfester Stähle, die für eine effiziente Realisierung der Energiewende in Deutschland notwendig sind, profitieren.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">FOSTA-Berichte</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-96780-146-0</identifier>
    <identifier type="url">https://matplus.shop/produkt/p-1311-beanspruchungsgerechte-reparatur-von-schweissverbindungen-bei-der-fertigung-von-bauteilen-aus-hochfesten-feinkornbaustaehlen</identifier>
    <note>Schlussbericht vom 18.07.2022 zu dem über die Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen "Otto von Guericke" (AiF) im Rahmen des Programms zur Förderung der Industriellen Gemeinschaftsforschung und -entwicklung (IGF) vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages geförderten Vorhaben Nr. 20162 N (Berichtszeitraum 01.07.2019 - 28.02.2022)</note>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>Amadeus Becker</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MAG-Schweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hochfester Stahl</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reparatur</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kaltrisssicherheit</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reparaturschweißen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wärmeführung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Windenergie</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55430</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>57</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>67</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation>Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wärmebehandlung und Werkstofftechnik e. V.</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Effect of alloy modification for additive manufactured Ni alloy components on microstructure and subsequent machining properties</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Ni alloys are generally classified as difficult-to-cut materials and cost intensive. Additive manufacturing (AM) offers economic advantages. However, machining of these AM components is mandatory to create the final contour or surface. The inhomogeneous and anisotropic microstructure and properties of AM components causes an unstable cutting process. Moreover, undesirable tensile residual stresses are generated due to subsequent machining. In this investigation, the initial alloy 36 is modified with Ti and Nb up to 1.6 wt.-% and build-up welded via gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and plasma-transferred-arc (PTA). Then, finish-milling tests are carried out to investigate the influence of the modification as well as the cutting parameters on the resulting cutting force and the surface integrity. In addition, the conventional milling process (CM) is compared with the ultrasonic-assisted milling process (US), which has a significant influence on the machinability as well as on the surface integrity.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">AWT Fachkonferenz 2022 Additive Fertigung Werkstoffe – Prozesse – Wärmebehandlung Tagungsband</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Additive Fertigung – Werkstoffe – Prozesse – Wärmebehandlung 2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Bremen, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">29.06.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">30.06.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Lorenz Engelking</author>
    <author>A. Eissel</author>
    <author>Dirk Schröpfer</author>
    <author>K. Treutler</author>
    <author>Thomas Kannengießer</author>
    <author>V. Wesling</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Additive manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Alloy 36</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Alloy modification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrasonic-assisted milling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface integrity</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Degradationsmechanismen</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
