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    <id>58878</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
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    <title language="eng">Maskless Micropatterning of Polydopamine for versatile surface functionalization</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Inspired by the chemistry of mussel adhesive proteins, polydopamine (PDA has been shown as one of the most versatile platforms for altering the properties and incorporating new functionalities to nearby any material surface despite its nature. Rich chemistry of PDA enables broad variety of surface modification and diverse secondary reactions that makes it extremely interesting for a wide range of application including biomedical field, e.g., drug delivery, adhesives, cell adhesion, biosensing. Despite high potential of polydopamine, the lack of deposition control and precision in existed methods limits their applications in microdevices and miniaturized functional systems like, for example, MEMS, microfluidic and sensorics.&#13;
Herein, we demonstrate a novel maskless approach for surface micropatterning with polydopamine based on Multiphoton Lithography that overcomes present limitations. Neither strong oxidants, metal ions nor adjustment of pH to alkaline is required by this technique. The spatial resolution down to 0.8 µm has been achieved which is at least an order of magnitude smaller than shown by other existed methods. We are able to control the morphology and thickness of the micropattern by altering fabrication parameters allowing structure gradient.&#13;
Apart from the glass substrate, we achieved PDA patterning at surfaces of different nature such as polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, silicon wafers, and fluorinated glass coverslips. Post-modification of polydopamine micropatterns with protein enzyme like trypsin is demonstrated to highlight its sensing potential. &#13;
Presented in this work microfabrication technique empowers advanced applications of mussel-inspired materials in single-molecule bioassays, sensors and other complex microdevices.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">International Conference on Precision Engineering and Sustainable Manufacturing</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Okinawa, Japan</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">18.07.2023</enrichment>
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    <author>Ievgeniia Topolniak</author>
    <author>Xenia Knigge</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Heinz Sturm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multiphoton lithography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polydopamine</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Micropatterning</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.6 Digitale Materialchemie</collection>
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    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
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    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54535</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>e2109509</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>18</issue>
    <volume>34</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley online library</publisherName>
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    <title language="eng">High precision micropatterning of polydopamine by Multiphoton Lithography</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) initiated a multifunctional modification route that leads to the generation of novel advanced materials and their applications. However, existing PDA deposition techniques still exhibit poor spatial control, have a very limited capability of micropatterning and do not allow to locally tune PDA topography. Herein, we demonstrate PDA deposition based on Multiphoton Lithography (MPL) that enables full spatial and temporal control with nearly total freedom of patterning design. Using MPL, we achieve 2D microstructures of complex design with pattern precision of 0.8 μm without the need of a photomask or stamp. Moreover, this approach permits adjusting the morphology and thickness of the fabricated microstructure within one deposition step, resulting in a unique tunability of materials properties. The chemical composition of PDA is confirmed and its ability for protein enzyme immobilization is demonstrated. This work presents a new methodology for high precision and complete control of PDA deposition, enabling PDA incorporation in applications where fine and precise local surface functionalization is required. Possible applications include multicomponent functional elements and devices in microfluidics or lab-on-a-chip systems.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Advanced Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/adma.202109509</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">28.03.2022</enrichment>
    <author>Ievgeniia Topolniak</author>
    <author>Anna Maria Elert</author>
    <author>Xenia Knigge</author>
    <author>G. C. Ciftci</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Heinz Sturm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multiphoton lithography</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polydopamine</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Micropatterning</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.6 Digitale Materialchemie</collection>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>55064</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>poster</type>
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    <title language="eng">Polydopamine micropatterning for selective substrate bio-functionalization</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Inspired by the chemistry of mussel adhesive proteins, polydopamine (PDA) exhibits strong adhesion to nearly any kind of organic or inorganic surface and shows high ability for surface post-modification and secondary reactions. As a result, PDA has been widely used as a base adlayer to enable versatile surface chemistry and functionalization. It has shown great potential in wide range of applications including biomedical field (e.g., drug delivery, adhesives, photothermal therapy, bone and tissue engineering, cell adhesion, biosensing). However, implementation of PDA in microdevices is still hindered by insufficient spatial and temporal control of excited deposition methods.&#13;
In this work we present a novel approach to fabricate tunable micropatterned substrates where mussel-inspired chemistry provides base for various surface modification [2]. Current approach applies Multiphoton Lithography (MPL) to initiate local PDA formation, and, therefore, does not require use of microstamp or photomask. As a result, the microstructures of complex designs can be produced with the spatial resolution down to 0.8 μm (Figure 1). The desired design can be easily altered by adjusting the stl model or the fabrication code. Unlike the conventional deposition of PDA based on dopamine auto-oxidation, our method does not require presence of strong oxidants, metal ions or alkaline pH. Herein-demonstrated deposition approach will significantly facilitate applications of polydopamine and other mussel-inspired materials in microdevices and high-resolution active microcomponents (e.g., in MEMS and microfluidics).&#13;
Adjustment of MPL parameters revealed that the morphology and thickness of resulted PDA microstructures can be controlled by altering the laser power and its scanning velocity. As a result, it also enables the production of micropatterns with structural gradient. Apart from the glass substrate, we performed PDA patterning at surfaces of different nature such as polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, silicon wafers, and fluorinated glass coverslips. We tested different composition of dopamine solution for its ability of PDA buildup. Solutions containing Tris buffer, phosphate buffer or DI water only as well as different pH (6.0, 7.0 and 8.5) could be successfully applied for high-precision PDA micropatterning. Moreover, the effect of antioxidants and purging of the solution with oxygen and nitrogen was investigated. In all cases, no decrease of deposition efficiency was observed. The chemical nature of PDA was confirmed by locally recorded vibrational and x-ray photoelectron spectra. To ensure post-modification potential of MPL deposited PDA we demonstrated one-step deposition of micropatterns with trypsin. Obtained bio-functionalised surface can be further applied as a protein sensing active microelement.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Laser Precision  Microfabrication</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Dresden, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">07.06.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <author>Ievgeniia Topolniak</author>
    <author>Anna Maria Elert</author>
    <author>Xenia Knigge</author>
    <author>G. C. Cifci</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Heinz Sturm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polydopamine</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Two-photon polymerisation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Micropatterning</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
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    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>60534</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
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    <title language="eng">Comparative chemical analysis of Ni-Fe oxide nanoparticles</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Ni-Fe oxide nanoparticles have gained a lot of interest because of their high activity in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) which is crucial for water splitting. [1] Although there have been great efforts in the last years, the understanding of the synergistic effect between Fe and Ni is still under discussion. &#13;
Therefore, we prepared different Ni-Fe oxide nanoparticles with different compositions from pure iron oxide to pure nickel oxide adapting a known procedure. [2,3] Size and morphology of the nanoparticles depend on the composition which was shown with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The compositions of the nanoparticles were measured with a comparative approach using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (HAXPES), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) coupled with the TEM providing detailed chemical information of the nanoparticles in different sample regions. EDS reveals that the different sample regions are dominated by one of the components, Fe or Ni, but a slight mixing between the components can be found (see Figure 1), which was confirmed with X-ray Diffraction (XRD). XPS indicates the enrichment of Fe at the sample surface, while HAXPES and EDS data agree on the stoichiometry of the bulk. High-resolution XPS and HAXPES exhibit some differences in the valence states of Fe and Ni, whereas Ni seems to be easier to reduce than Fe. Further investigations combining these different techniques and additionally Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) are ongoing by using in situ approaches and coupling cyclic voltammetry to the analytical techniques.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">ECASIA 2024</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Gothenburg, Sweden</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">09.06.2024</enrichment>
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    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oxygen evolution reaction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Transmission Electron Microscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>(Hard) X-ray  Photoelectron Spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Synergistic effects</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.3 Strukturanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
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    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57886</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley VCH</publisherName>
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    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
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    <title language="eng">Influence of the Morphology on the Functionalization of Graphene Nanoplatelets Analyzed by Comparative Photoelectron Spectroscopy with Soft and Hard X-Rays</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Since its isolation, graphene has received growing attention from academia and industry due to its unique properties. However, the “what is my material” barrier hinders further commercialization. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is considered as a method of choice for the determination of the elemental and chemical composition. In this work the influence of the morphology of graphene particles on the XPS results is studied and investigated as a function of X-ray energy, using conventional XPS with Al K𝜶 radiation and hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES) using Cr K𝜶 radiation. Thereby, the information depth is varied between 10 and 30 nm. For this purpose, two commercial powders containing graphene nanoplatelets with lateral dimensions of either ≈100 nm or in the micrometer range are compared. These larger ones exist as stack of graphene layers which is inspected with scanning electron microscopy. Both kinds of particles are then functionalized with either oxygen or fluorine. The size of the graphene particles is found to influence the degree of functionalization. Only the combination of XPS and HAXPES allows to detect the functionalization at the outermost surface of the particles or even of the stacks and to provide new insights into the functionalization process.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Advance Materials Interfaces</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/admi.202300116</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2196-7350</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-578860</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">10.07.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="PaperofMonth">1</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Giovanni Chemello</author>
    <author>Xenia Knigge</author>
    <author>Dmitri Ciornii</author>
    <author>B.P. Reed</author>
    <author>A.J. Pollard</author>
    <author>C.A. Clifford</author>
    <author>T. Howe</author>
    <author>N. Vyas</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Functionalized graphene</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hard-energy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/57886/Adv Materials Inter - 2023 - Chemello.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65061</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
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    <language>eng</language>
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    <volume>411</volume>
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    <title language="eng">Knowledge Infrastructure supporting image-based characterisation of 2D graphene materials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">As part of the European Horizon ACCORDs project, advanced methods are being developed for the image-based characterisation of 2D nanomaterials. Given the complexity of this task, robust  nd wellorganised data management is critical to ensuring high-quality outcomes. To support this, we have established a knowledge infrastructure that serves as the central repository for protocols, images and experimental data which are stored in a standardised, harmonised manner and in accordance with the FAIR principles – Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable and open science. This machine-readable framework enables the systematic and computationally automated correlation of image features with experimental descriptors, facilitating accurate material characterisation and transparent reporting which is all integrated in the ACCORDs KI.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Toxicology Letters</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0378-4274</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.toxlet.2025.07.660</identifier>
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    <author>P. P. Ankli</author>
    <author>A. A. Abdelwahab</author>
    <author>A. Logachov</author>
    <author>R. Bugiel</author>
    <author>D. Drobne</author>
    <author>S. Novak</author>
    <author>E. Kranjc</author>
    <author>S. Saje</author>
    <author>F. Pellegrino</author>
    <author>E. Alladio</author>
    <author>F. Sordello</author>
    <author>E. Corrao</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Paul Mrkwitschka</author>
    <author>Loay Akmaal Madbouly</author>
    <author>Yücel Akdemir</author>
    <author>M. Gulumian</author>
    <author>V. Wepener</author>
    <author>C. Andraos</author>
    <author>K. Boodhia</author>
    <author>E. Jones</author>
    <author>A. Doolin</author>
    <author>K. Leuchtenberg</author>
    <author>E. Valsami Jones</author>
    <author>C. Rocca</author>
    <author>B. Ibrahim</author>
    <author>D. Singh</author>
    <author>S. Chakraborty</author>
    <author>K. Jurkschat</author>
    <author>C. Johnston</author>
    <author>M. Van Der Zande</author>
    <author>D. Fernandez</author>
    <author>P. Queipo</author>
    <author>C. Clifford</author>
    <author>B. Hardy</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Graphene-related 2D materials (GR2M)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>2D materials</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Knowledge infrastructure</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Characterisation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
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    <title language="eng">Reliable physico–chemical characterisation of graphene-related and other 2D materials: present and future</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In the path of commercialisation of graphene-related and other 2D materials the consolidation has begun. In this phase, it is important to build trust between the individual partners in the product value chain. This requires trustworthy statements based on reliable and reproducible material characterisation. The first steps have been taken to measure graphene and other related 2D materials (GR2Ms) under well-defined conditions. Measurands and protocols for key methods were made available for this purpose. But there are still some challenges to overcome such as (i) reference materials, (ii) reference data, (iii) reproducibility throughout the workflow, (iv) credible structure-activity relationships, bringing the standards to (v) the factory floor and to (vi) real-word products. In addition, 2D materials beyond graphene should also be considered exploiting the knowledge gained from the characterisation of GR2M.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2D Materials</parentTitle>
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    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>2D Materials</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Commercialisation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Standardisation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Trust</value>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
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    <title language="eng">The Mitsunobu reaction for the gentle covalent attachment of biomolecules to graphene oxide</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a promising biomaterial as it is easily and cheaply synthesized, strong, cytocompatible, osteoinductive, and has a well-characterized aqueous degradation pathway. It is also a great substrate for functionalization with biomolecules such as proteins, peptides, and small molecules that can enhance or add bioactivity. Covalent chemical linkages as opposed to typical noncovalent association methods are preferable so that the biomolecules do not quickly diffuse away or face replacement by other proteins, which is critical in long time scale applications like bone regeneration. However, covalent chemistry tends to carry a drawback of harsh reaction conditions that can damage the structure, conformation, and therefore function of a delicate biomolecule like a protein. Here, the Mitsunobu reaction is introduced as a novel method of covalently attaching proteins to graphene oxide. It features gentle reaction conditions and has the added benefit of utilizing the plentiful basal plane alcohol functionalities on graphene oxide, allowing for high yield protein functionalization. The amino acid Glycine (G), the protein bovine serum albumin (BSA), and the small molecule SVAK-12 are utilized to create the three Mitsunobu Graphene (MG) materials G-MG, BSA-MG, and SVAK-MG that demonstrate the wide applicability of this functionalization method.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Carbon</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120221</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-630483</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>M. E. Wolf</author>
    <author>W. M. Vickery</author>
    <author>W. Swift-Ramirez</author>
    <author>A. M. Arnold</author>
    <author>J. D. Orlando</author>
    <author>S. J. Schmidt</author>
    <author>Y. Liu</author>
    <author>Jasmin Er</author>
    <author>Robert Schusterbauer</author>
    <author>R. Ahmed</author>
    <author>Philip Nickl</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Ievgen Donskyi</author>
    <author>S. A. Sydlik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Graphene oxide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mitsunobu reaction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Covalent attachment</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bovine serum albumin</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Macrophage polarization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Osteogenesis</value>
    </subject>
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    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/63048/1-s2.0-S0008622325002374-main.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>64729</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>7</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>American Chemical Society (ACS)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">XPS–SEM/EDS Tandem Analysis for the Elemental Composition of Functionalized Graphene Nanoplatelets</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Over the past decade, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has advanced to enable the accurate analysis of light elements such as C, N, or O. For this reason, EDS is becoming increasingly interesting as an analytical method for the elemental analysis of functionalized graphene and could be an attractive alternative to Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which is considered the most important method for elemental analysis. In this study, comparative XPS and EDS investigations under different excitation conditions are carried out on commercially available powders containing graphene particles with different morphologies. The slightly different XPS/HAXPES and EDS results can be explained by the different information depths of the methods and the functionalization of the particle surfaces. For the material with smaller graphene particles and higher O/C ratios, all methods reported a lower O/C ratio in pellets compared with the unpressed powder samples. This clearly shows that sample preparation has a significant influence on the quantification results, especially for such a type of morphology. Overall, the study demonstrates that EDS is a reliable and fast alternative to XPS for the elemental quantification of functionalized graphene particles, provided that differences in the information depth are taken into account. Particle morphology can be examined in parallel with quantitative element analysis, since EDS spectrometers are typically coupled with SEM, which are available in a huge number of analytical laboratories.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">ACS Omega</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2470-1343</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1021/acsomega.5c07830</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-647294</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefLicence">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_import_origin">crossref</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_doiImportPopulated">PersonAuthorFirstName_1,PersonAuthorLastName_1,PersonAuthorFirstName_2,PersonAuthorLastName_2,PersonAuthorIdentifierOrcid_2,PersonAuthorFirstName_3,PersonAuthorLastName_3,PersonAuthorIdentifierOrcid_3,PublisherName,TitleMain_1,Language,TitleParent_1,ArticleNumber,PublishedYear,IdentifierIssn,Enrichmentlocal_crossrefLicence</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">doi-import</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">17.11.2025</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Giovanni Chemello</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Graphene oxide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>SEM/EDS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>XPS/HAXPES</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Elemental composition</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Functionalization</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/64729/ChemelloEtal_2025_ACSO_XPS-SEM-EDSTandem.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54977</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>poster</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Morpho-Chemical Characterisation of Me-TiO2 Nanoparticles for Enhanced Photocatalytical Activity</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The conversion of solar energy into electricity and solar fuels is of crucial importance for a green and sustainable future. Water splitting using semiconductor photo-catalysts is considered a sustainable method to produce clean hydrogen (H2) fuel. Nevertheless, H2 photo-production efficiency remains still low, although extensive research works to understand better the mechanisms of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) and the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) are being carried out. In this respect, TiO2 is a key photoactive material, usually employed with a co-catalyst deposited onto the surface to enhance charge carriers’ separation and catalyze surface charge transfer reactions. The deposition of a co-catalyst on the TiO2 nanoparticle surface represents one successful way to enhance the activity of the photocatalyst through a modification of its surface and redox properties. In this context, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy coupled with elemental analysis by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) is fundamental for studying and understanding the effect of the nanoparticle morphology on the functional properties of shape-controlled TiO2 crystals (bipyramides, platelets, and elongated particles). Different types of metal-semiconductor combinations, TiO2 shapes and dopant metals (Ag, Pt, etc) and metal concentrations will be discussed.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">ECASIA 2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Limerick, Ireland</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">29.05.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">03.06.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Titania nanoparticles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Photocatalysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Scanning electron microscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>63792</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>531</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>532</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>7</issue>
    <volume>31</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Oxford Aacademic</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Standardized Chemical Composition Analysis of Graphene Oxide Flakes with SEM/EDS and XPS Works Reliably</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Suspensions of graphene-related 2D materials (GR2M) are broadly used for further applications like printable electronics. The reliable quantification of the composition of graphene-related 2D materials as liquid suspensions is still a challenging task, which can hinder the commercialisation of the products. Specific parameters to be measured are defined, e.g. the oxygen-to-carbon (O/C) concentration ratio, the trace metal impurities, or the functional groups present, but reference protocols are still missing. One of the central methods for the quantification is X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as a rather expensive method. Therefore, the development of cheaper alternatives is highly desired. One attractive alternative of XPS is energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) which is usually coupled with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This combination is one of the most widely used methods in analytical laboratories. In this contribution the results of a systematic study on the capability of SEM/EDS to reliably quantify the O/C ratio in a well-defined and well-characterized graphene oxide material are presented. The robustness of the SEM/EDS results obtained at various measurement conditions (various excitation energies) is tested by comparing the results to the established XPS analysis, which has been carried out on the same samples.&#13;
It is demonstrated that for samples prepared by drop-casting on a substrate, both surface-sensitive XPS analysis and bulk-characterising EDS result in very similar elemental composition of oxygen and carbon for thick spots. Further, the effect of untight deposited material enabling co-analysis of the (silicon) substrate, is evaluated for both methods, XPS and EDS. The last results clearly show the influence of the substrate on the analysis of the results and stressed out the importance of the sample preparation.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Microscopy and Microanalysis</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1093/mam/ozaf048.267</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Paul Mrkwitschka</author>
    <author>Mario Sahre</author>
    <author>Amaia Zurutuza</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>EDS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Light elements</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>XPS/HAXPES</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Graphene oxide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Quantification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Standardisation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>57764</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>researchdata</type>
    <publisherName>Zenodo</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Geneva</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Physico-chemical characterization of sterile Fe3O4 nanoparticles by XPS / HAXPES / SEM</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Here a dataset of XPS, HAXPES and SEM measurements for the physico-chemical characterization of sterile Fe3O4 nanoparticles is presented. The measurements are part of the H2020 project “NanoSolveIT”.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.5281/zenodo.7990301</identifier>
    <enrichment key="ScientificResourceTypeGeneral">Datensatz</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="ScientificGeolocation">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell 3.0</licence>
    <author>Xenia Knigge</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>HAXPES</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>XPS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>SEM</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fe3O4</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nanoparticles</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Forschungsdatensätze der BAM</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>53039</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>6985</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>6994</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>29</issue>
    <volume>17</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>The Royal Chemical Society</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Energy Dependent XPS Measurements on Thin Films of a Poly(vinyl methyl ether)/Polystyrene Blend in Dependence on Film Thickness – Concentration Profile on a Nanometer Resolution to Understand the Behavior of Nanofilms</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The composition of the surface layer in dependence from the distance of the polymer/air interface in thin films with thicknesses below 100 nm of miscible polymer blends in a spatial region of a few nanometers is not investigated completely. Here, thin films of the blend poly vinyl methyl ether) (PVME)/polystyrene (PS) with a composition of 25/75 wt% are investigated by Energy Resolved X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (ER-XPS) at a synchrotron storage ring using excitation energies lower than 1 keV. By changing the energy of the photons the information depth is varied in the range from ca. 1 nm to 10 nm. Therefore, the PVME concentration could be estimated in dependence from the distance of the polymer/air interface for film thicknesses below 100 nm. Firstly, as expected for increasing information depth the PVME concentration decreases. Secondly, it was found that the PVME concentration at the surface has a complicated dependence on the film thickness. It increases with decreasing film thickness until 30 nm where a maximum is reached. For smaller film thicknesses the PVME concentration decreases. A simplified layer model is used to calculate the effective PVME concentration in the different spatial regions of the surface layer.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Soft Matter</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1039/d1sm00656h</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">29.07.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Marcel Gawek</author>
    <author>Sherif Madkour</author>
    <author>Paulina Szymoniak</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Andreas Schönhals</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Energy dependent XPS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Soft X-ray</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thin films</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.6 Digitale Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>52880</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>researchdata</type>
    <publisherName>Zenodo</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Geneva</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</creatingCorporation>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">BAM reference data - XPS raw data of Al-coated titania nanoparticles (JRCNM62001a and JRCNM62002a)</title>
    <abstract language="eng">XPS raw data of Al-coated titania nanoparticles (JRCNM62001 and JRCNM62002a) provided by the JRC repository are provided.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.5281/zenodo.4986068</identifier>
    <enrichment key="ScientificResourceTypeGeneral">Datensatz</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="RelatedIdentifier">https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-522683</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="ScientificNote">The raw data are given as VAMAS-File. The measurement condtions are given in the file. The C1s-fits are provided as ascii-files.</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="RelatedIdentifier">https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/52833</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="RelatedIdentifier">https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/52836</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>XPS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Titania nanoparticles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>BAM reference data</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Advanced Materials</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Forschungsdatensätze der BAM</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54335</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>014001-1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>29</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>AVS</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Ionic liquid [PMIM]+[NTf2]− (Solarpur®) characterized by XPS</title>
    <abstract language="eng">X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was performed on the meniscus of a droplet of ionic liquid 1-propyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide [PMIM]+[NTf2]− (Solarpur®) in ultrahigh vacuum. High-resolution spectra of F 1s, O 1s, N 1s, C 1s, and S 2p are presented along with a survey spectrum and the valence band structure. The spectra presented here were generated using monochromatic Al Kα radiation (1486.6 eV).</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Surface Science Spectra</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1116/6.0001518</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">14.02.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>B.P. Reed</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>A.G. Shard</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ionic liquid</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>1-propyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54113</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <volume>28</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>AVS: Science &amp; Technology of Materials, Interfaces, and Processing</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
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    <title language="eng">1-Propyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (Solarpur®) analyzed by hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">1-Propyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (Solarpur®), an ionic liquid was purchased from Merck (formerly Sigma Aldrich), was analyzed using hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES). The liquid is UHV stable, vertically and laterally homogeneous, and is easy to clean; thus, it can be used as a reference material. The HAXPES spectra of Solarpur® obtained using monochromatic Cr Kα radiation at 5414.8 eV include a survey scan, high-resolution spectra of C 1s, O 1s, N 1s, S 2p, S 1s, S 2s, F 1s, and S KLL.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Surface Science Spectra</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1116/6.0001414</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">04.04.2022</enrichment>
    <author>Xenia Knigge</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>HAXPES</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ionic liquid</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Solarpur</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
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  <doc>
    <id>54831</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
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    <language>eng</language>
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    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">VAMAS-Enabling international standardisation for increasing the take up of Emerging Materials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">VAMAS (Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards) supports world trade in products dependent on advanced materials technologies by providing technical basis for harmonized measurements, testing, specification, reference materials and standards. The major tools for fulfilling this task are interlaboratory comparisons (ILC). The organisation structure of VAMAS is presented. It is discussed, how a new technical activity can initiate.</abstract>
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    <enrichment key="eventStart">11.05.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
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    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Advanced Materials</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Standards</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Interlaboratory Comparisons</value>
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    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54834</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
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    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
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    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">ISO-G-Scope Standardisation of structural and chemical properties of graphene</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The objectives and tasks of the EMPIR project ISO-G-Scope are presented. The last results was shown. Esspecially, the interlaboratory comparison about XPS of functionalized graphene is presented.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">DIN NA062-08-16 Oberflächenanalytik Frühjahrstreffen</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">11.05.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Graphene</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Standardization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Structural characterisation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Chemical composition</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>59496</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
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    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Xps/Haxpes at (core shell) nanoparticles</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The principles of (Hard) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and some application in the field of (core-shell) nanoparticles will be presented. The presentation should answer hoe to get reliable results. Furthermore, examples of the correlation between physical-chemical measurments and toxicological results are given which are crucial for the risk assessment of nanoparticles.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Training Course Metrological Determination of Micro and Nano Contaminants in Food</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berne, Switzerland</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">05.09.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">06.09.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Core-shell nanoparticles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reliabiilty</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Risk assessment</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54376</id>
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    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
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    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Colours, nano and surface</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The basic ideas of colours and pigments are presented. The correlation between nanomaterials and colours are explained. Different methods are presented for investigating nanoparticles and their surface. At the end a case study is presented explaining the importance of coating for the properties of nanoparticles.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Eingeladener Vortrag im Deutschen Lackmuseum (Münster)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">11.02.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pigments</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Surface Analytics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Coatings</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="62">Ingenieurwissenschaften</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
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