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<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>38377</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>P12, 63</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>65</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Development of an online-analysis technique for the determination of plant essential nutrients in soils using XRF and LIBS</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Currently, there is almost no comprehensive mapping of agricultural cropland because of the lack of fast and affordable mapping methods for important soil properties. Arable land of some hectares in size show a broad range of different nutrient compositions. Because of this heterogeneity wrong fertilization can occur and can cause environmental pollution or lead to smaller harvests and this is simply a waste of resources. The goal of I4S (intelligence for soil) is to develop an integrated system for site-specific soil fertility management. The I4S consortium consists of 10 different institutions, which are testing various sensors for their suitability for the requested applications. Besides the preparation of reference materials, the main task of the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) in this project is the method development for online-XRF (x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy) and for online-LIBS (laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy) sensor systems. Both methods have the advantage that there is no or only little sample preparation necessary. Each method provides a fast and simultaneous multi-element analysis. Both measurement setups can be utilized for a mobile application which is fundamental for reaching the goals of I4S. Having finally a set of some reference materials, further work will focus on the online-XRF and online-LIBS methods in order to obtain useable calibration models. The calibration models will then be tested using stationary and moving samples.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="mul">Prozessanalytik in der Pharma- und Lebensmitteltechnologie</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="eventName">12. Kolloquium Prozessanalytik</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">28.11.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">30.11.2016</enrichment>
    <author>Madlen Rühlmann</author>
    <author>Dominique Büchele</author>
    <author>Thomas Schmid</author>
    <author>Markus Ostermann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>RFA</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Soil</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Agricultural</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Online</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sensor system</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>38700</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>22</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>24</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>LP 12</issue>
    <volume>40</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Vogel Business Media GmbH &amp; Co. KG</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Würzburg</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">In Echtzeit durch's Periodensystem</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Per Online-RFA und -LIBS Elementgehalte in Böden bestimmen.&#13;
Die ortsspezifische Steuerung der Bodenfruchtbarkeit durch angepasste Düngung und andere Maßnahmen hilft die Bodenfunktionen zu verbessern und Umweltbelastungen zu vermindern. Dabei zeigt das Beispiel die hohe Relevanz schneller, robuster Vor-Ort-Analysen für viele umweltrelevante Fragestellungen.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Laborpraxis</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://files.vogel.de/vogelonline/vogelonline/issues/lp/7680.pdf</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0344-1733</identifier>
    <author>Markus Ostermann</author>
    <author>Thomas Schmid</author>
    <author>Dominique Büchele</author>
    <author>Madlen Rühlmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>RFA</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIBS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Online-Analytik</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Boden</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>45070</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>115</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>121</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>146</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier B.V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Challenges in the quantification of nutrients in soils using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy – A case study with calcium</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The quantification of the elemental content in soils with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is challenging because of matrix effects strongly influencing the plasma formation and LIBS signal. Furthermore, soil heterogeneity at the micrometre scale can affect the accuracy of analytical results. In this paper, the impact of univariate and multivariate data evaluation approaches on the quantification of nutrients in soil is discussed. Exemplarily, results for calcium are shown, which reflect trends also observed for other elements like magnesium, silicon and iron. For the calibration models, 16 certified reference soils were used. With univariate and multivariate approaches, the calcium mass fractions in 60 soils from different testing grounds in Germany were calculated. The latter approach consisted of a principal component analysis (PCA) of adequately pre-treated data for classification and identification of outliers, followed by partial least squares regression (PLSR) for quantification. For validation, the soils were also characterised with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP OES) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. Deviations between the LIBS quantification results and the reference analytical results are discussed.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Spectrochimica Acta Part B</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.sab.2018.05.003</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">06.08.2018</enrichment>
    <author>Madlen Rühlmann</author>
    <author>Dominique Büchele</author>
    <author>Markus Ostermann</author>
    <author>Ilko Bald</author>
    <author>Thomas Schmid</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Soil</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multivariate data analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Principal component analysis (PCA)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Partial least squares regression (PLSR)</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="628">Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
