<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>30063</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>69</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>72</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>128</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin ; Heidelberg</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Determination of ethyl glucuronide in hair: a rapid sample pretreatment involving simultaneous milling and extraction</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A combination of simultaneous milling and extraction known as micropulverized extraction was developed for the quantification of the alcohol marker ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in hair samples using a homogeneous reference material and a mixer mill. Best extraction results from 50 mg of hair were obtained with 2-mL plastic tubes containing two steel balls (Ø = 5 mm), 0.5 mL of water and with an oscillating frequency of 30 s-1 over a period of 30 min. EtG was quantified employing a validated GC-MS procedure involving derivatization with pentafluoropropionic acid anhydride. This micropulverization procedure was compared with dry milling followed by separate aqueous extraction and with aqueous extraction after manual cutting to millimeter-size snippets. Micropulverization yielded 28.0±1.70 pg/mg and was seen to be superior to manually cutting (23.0±0.83 pg/mg) and equivalent to dry grinding (27.7±1.71 pg/mg) with regard to completeness of EtG extraction. The option to process up to 20 samples simultaneously makes micropulverization especially valuable for the high throughput of urgent samples.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">International journal of legal medicine</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="old">33005</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s00414-013-0939-z</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0937-9827</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1437-1596</identifier>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">27.01.2014</enrichment>
    <author>Bettina Mönch</author>
    <author>Roland Becker</author>
    <author>Irene Nehls</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ethyl glucuronide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hair</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Micropulverized extraction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>GC-MS</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
