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    <title language="eng">Ai-Enhanced Documentation Analysis in Regulatory Safety Assessment of Transport Packages</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The transport of radioactive material requires regulatory approval based on the package type, as defined by the regulations of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). These approvals rely on comprehensive Package Design Safety Reports that evaluate mechanical, thermal, shielding, criticality and transport requirements, supported by specifications, inspections, certificates, drawings, and other technical documentations. Such safety reports contain numerous interconnected documents, and even minor changes, such as component modifications, updated material properties or revised regulations, may affect multiple sections. Although all reports follow the same regulatory framework, each package has unique design features, making every safety assessment distinct. Most documentation exists in digital form but remains largely non–machine-interpretable, limiting automated analysis of dependencies across documents. The extended synopsis argues that overcoming these limitations requires moving from simple digitization toward structured knowledge representation. A multi-stage approach begins with foundational AI technologies, including Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which improve information retrieval but cannot capture the full complexity of safety report interrelationships. Building Knowledge Graphs (KGs) offers the necessary next step by transforming heterogeneous, unstructured, and semi-structured documents into a connected, queryable network. KGs enable precise tracing and visualization of dependencies across datasheets, simulations, experimental results, standards, and regulatory requirements. Such structured representations would allow automatic detection of changes, propagation of effects across related documents and validation of conditions using AI-supported tools, reducing manual workload, and improving safety and consistency. Human error remains a significant factor in drafting and reviewing safety reports. A digital quality infrastructure could reduce the number of iterations and further streamline the overall process. Integrating AI into this workflow has the potential not only to optimize assessments but also to improve their robustness by increasing the interpretability of documentation and thereby enhancing overall safety. This preliminary study examines the readiness and requirements for intelligent documentation analysis systems that support regulatory compliance for transport package safety. By analysing current documentation workflows, it demonstrates how LLM-based tools can interpret complex safety reports and identify critical interdependencies, and why KG-based architectures are essential for managing these dependencies reliably.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">Accident-Induced Battery and Hydrogen Fires: Challenges for the Safe Transport of Packages with Radioactive Material</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The transport of radioactive material is subject to stringent safety requirements defined in the IAEA regulations SSR-6 [1]. These requirements, particularly the thermal and mechanical accident conditions of transport (ACT), are rooted in studies established in the 1960s and have remained largely unchanged, especially regarding thermal boundary conditions. For many decades, the type of propulsion technology used for transporting dangerous goods has remained unchanged. In recent years, however, alternative drive technologies have made their breakthrough and are becoming increasingly established on the market. Since then, the rapid adoption of battery-electric and hydrogen-powered vehicles in heavy-duty freight and dangerous goods transport is altering the conditions under which accidents may occur. This raises a central question: Are current regulatory tests, such as the 800°C and 30-minute thermal test, still sufficiently conservative for ACT involving vehicles with alternative propulsion technologies?&#13;
Battery fires pose specific challenges due to the properties of lithium-ion cells and emerging chemistries such as NMC, LFP, and NCA/LTO. Their highly flammable electrolytes, potential for thermal runaway, release of toxic gases, and long-duration or reigniting fires differ markedly from conventional fuel fires. Such behavior questions whether existing thermal test specifications adequately reflect realistic accident conditions involving electric vehicles.&#13;
Hydrogen-powered vehicles introduce additional hazards. Accidental releases can form explosive mixtures, and ignitions may produce intense jet fires or explosions with high radiative heat fluxes. Near a package, these events can create thermal loads and transient pressures not fully captured by current regulatory test envelopes. Beyond peak temperatures and exposure time, parameters emphasized in IAEA SSG-26 [2], such as emissivity, absorptivity, heat flux, and fuel energy density, are critical for determining net heat input and require assessment with respect to realistic scenarios.&#13;
Addressing these gaps requires a research program focused on vehicle fire scenarios and their implications for the safety assessment of packages for radioactive material. This includes developing conservative accident scenarios for various battery chemistries and performing large-scale experiments with calorimetric reference packages and instrumented setups. Notably, there are currently no experimental investigations of accidents involving transport vehicles with alternative propulsion in which the dangerous goods - the package and its loading - have been the central focus rather than the vehicle itself. A necessary research project must aim to assess the relevance of the IAEA's existing transport testing requirements regarding these new risks and, if necessary, propose changes or supplementary measures. Its methods and datasets should also support assessments for other dangerous goods, ensuring that regulatory measures continue to provide robust protection in an evolving transport landscape.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">Accident-Induced Battery and Hydrogen Fires: Challenges for the Safe Transport of Packages with Dangerous Goods</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The transport of radioactive material is subject to stringent safety requirements defined in the IAEA regulations SSR-6 [1]. These requirements, particularly the thermal and mechanical accident conditions of transport (ACT), are rooted in studies established in the 1960s and have remained largely unchanged, especially regarding thermal boundary conditions. For many decades, the type of propulsion technology used for transporting dangerous goods has remained unchanged. In recent years, however, alternative drive technologies have made their breakthrough and are becoming increasingly established on the market. Since then, the rapid adoption of battery-electric and hydrogen-powered vehicles in heavy-duty freight and dangerous goods transport is altering the conditions under which accidents may occur. This raises a central question: Are current regulatory tests, such as the 800°C and 30-minute thermal test, still sufficiently conservative for ACT involving vehicles with alternative propulsion technologies?&#13;
Battery fires pose specific challenges due to the properties of lithium-ion cells and emerging chemistries such as NMC, LFP, and NCA/LTO. Their highly flammable electrolytes, potential for thermal runaway, release of toxic gases, and long-duration or reigniting fires differ markedly from conventional fuel fires. Such behavior questions whether existing thermal test specifications adequately reflect realistic accident conditions involving electric vehicles.&#13;
Hydrogen-powered vehicles introduce additional hazards. Accidental releases can form explosive mixtures, and ignitions may produce intense jet fires or explosions with high radiative heat fluxes. Near a package, these events can create thermal loads and transient pressures not fully captured by current regulatory test envelopes. Beyond peak temperatures and exposure time, parameters emphasized in IAEA SSG-26 [2], such as emissivity, absorptivity, heat flux, and fuel energy density, are critical for determining net heat input and require assessment with respect to realistic scenarios.&#13;
Addressing these gaps requires a research program focused on vehicle fire scenarios and their implications for the safety assessment of packages for radioactive material. This includes developing conservative accident scenarios for various battery chemistries and performing large-scale experiments with calorimetric reference packages and instrumented setups. Notably, there are currently no experimental investigations of accidents involving transport vehicles with alternative propulsion in which the dangerous goods - the package and its loading - have been the central focus rather than the vehicle itself. A necessary research project must aim to assess the relevance of the IAEA's existing transport testing requirements regarding these new risks and, if necessary, propose changes or supplementary measures. Its methods and datasets should also support assessments for other dangerous goods, ensuring that regulatory measures continue to provide robust protection in an evolving transport landscape.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">AI-Enhanced Documentation Analysis in Regulatory Safety Assessment of Dangerous Goods Packages</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The transport of radioactive material requires regulatory approval based on the package type, as defined by the regulations of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). These approvals rely on comprehensive Package Design Safety Reports that evaluate mechanical, thermal, shielding, criticality and transport requirements, supported by specifications, inspections, certificates, drawings, and other technical documentations. Such safety reports contain numerous interconnected documents, and even minor changes, such as component modifications, updated material properties or revised regulations, may affect multiple sections. Although all reports follow the same regulatory framework, each package has unique design features, making every safety assessment distinct. Most documentation exists in digital form but remains largely non–machine-interpretable, limiting automated analysis of dependencies across documents. The extended synopsis argues that overcoming these limitations requires moving from simple digitization toward structured knowledge representation. A multi-stage approach begins with foundational AI technologies, including Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which improve information retrieval but cannot capture the full complexity of safety report interrelationships. Building Knowledge Graphs (KGs) offers the necessary next step by transforming heterogeneous, unstructured, and semi-structured documents into a connected, queryable network. KGs enable precise tracing and visualization of dependencies across datasheets, simulations, experimental results, standards, and regulatory requirements. Such structured representations would allow automatic detection of changes, propagation of effects across related documents and validation of conditions using AI-supported tools, reducing manual workload, and improving safety and consistency. Human error remains a significant factor in drafting and reviewing safety reports. A digital quality infrastructure could reduce the number of iterations and further streamline the overall process. Integrating AI into this workflow has the potential not only to optimize assessments but also to improve their robustness by increasing the interpretability of documentation and thereby enhancing overall safety. This preliminary study examines the readiness and requirements for intelligent documentation analysis systems that support regulatory compliance for transport package safety. By analysing current documentation workflows, it demonstrates how LLM-based tools can interpret complex safety reports and identify critical interdependencies, and why KG-based architectures are essential for managing these dependencies reliably.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">Ai-Enhanced Documentation Analysis in Regulatory Safety Assessment of Transport Packages</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The transport of radioactive material requires regulatory approval based on the package type, as defined by the regulations of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). These approvals rely on comprehensive Package Design Safety Reports that evaluate mechanical, thermal, shielding, criticality and transport requirements, supported by specifications, inspections, certificates, drawings, and other technical documentations. Such safety reports contain numerous interconnected documents, and even minor changes, such as component modifications, updated material properties or revised regulations, may affect multiple sections. Although all reports follow the same regulatory framework, each package has unique design features, making every safety assessment distinct. Most documentation exists in digital form but remains largely non–machine-interpretable, limiting automated analysis of dependencies across documents. The extended synopsis argues that overcoming these limitations requires moving from simple digitization toward structured knowledge representation. A multi-stage approach begins with foundational AI technologies, including Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which improve information retrieval but cannot capture the full complexity of safety report interrelationships. Building Knowledge Graphs (KGs) offers the necessary next step by transforming heterogeneous, unstructured, and semi-structured documents into a connected, queryable network. KGs enable precise tracing and visualization of dependencies across datasheets, simulations, experimental results, standards, and regulatory requirements. Such structured representations would allow automatic detection of changes, propagation of effects across related documents and validation of conditions using AI-supported tools, reducing manual workload, and improving safety and consistency. Human error remains a significant factor in drafting and reviewing safety reports. A digital quality infrastructure could reduce the number of iterations and further streamline the overall process. Integrating AI into this workflow has the potential not only to optimize assessments but also to improve their robustness by increasing the interpretability of documentation and thereby enhancing overall safety. This preliminary study examines the readiness and requirements for intelligent documentation analysis systems that support regulatory compliance for transport package safety. By analysing current documentation workflows, it demonstrates how LLM-based tools can interpret complex safety reports and identify critical interdependencies, and why KG-based architectures are essential for managing these dependencies reliably.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">Accident-Induced Battery and Hydrogen Fires: Challenges for the Safe Transport of Packages with Dangerous Goods</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The transport of radioactive material is subject to stringent safety requirements defined in the IAEA regulations SSR-6 [1]. These requirements, particularly the thermal and mechanical accident conditions of transport (ACT), are rooted in studies established in the 1960s and have remained largely unchanged, especially regarding thermal boundary conditions. For many decades, the type of propulsion technology used for transporting dangerous goods has remained unchanged. In recent years, however, alternative drive technologies have made their breakthrough and are becoming increasingly established on the market. Since then, the rapid adoption of battery-electric and hydrogen-powered vehicles in heavy-duty freight and dangerous goods transport is altering the conditions under which accidents may occur. This raises a central question: Are current regulatory tests, such as the 800°C and 30-minute thermal test, still sufficiently conservative for ACT involving vehicles with alternative propulsion technologies?&#13;
Battery fires pose specific challenges due to the properties of lithium-ion cells and emerging chemistries such as NMC, LFP, and NCA/LTO. Their highly flammable electrolytes, potential for thermal runaway, release of toxic gases, and long-duration or reigniting fires differ markedly from conventional fuel fires. Such behavior questions whether existing thermal test specifications adequately reflect realistic accident conditions involving electric vehicles.&#13;
Hydrogen-powered vehicles introduce additional hazards. Accidental releases can form explosive mixtures, and ignitions may produce intense jet fires or explosions with high radiative heat fluxes. Near a package, these events can create thermal loads and transient pressures not fully captured by current regulatory test envelopes. Beyond peak temperatures and exposure time, parameters emphasized in IAEA SSG-26 [2], such as emissivity, absorptivity, heat flux, and fuel energy density, are critical for determining net heat input and require assessment with respect to realistic scenarios.&#13;
Addressing these gaps requires a research program focused on vehicle fire scenarios and their implications for the safety assessment of packages for radioactive material. This includes developing conservative accident scenarios for various battery chemistries and performing large-scale experiments with calorimetric reference packages and instrumented setups. Notably, there are currently no experimental investigations of accidents involving transport vehicles with alternative propulsion in which the dangerous goods - the package and its loading - have been the central focus rather than the vehicle itself. A necessary research project must aim to assess the relevance of the IAEA's existing transport testing requirements regarding these new risks and, if necessary, propose changes or supplementary measures. Its methods and datasets should also support assessments for other dangerous goods, ensuring that regulatory measures continue to provide robust protection in an evolving transport landscape.</abstract>
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    <title language="eng">Untargeted Analysis of Leachables Released from Recycled Polyethylene Canisters</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Recycling existing materials and products as far as possible is an integral part of the circular economy. Plastic-based packaging, including containers for food and beverages but also for storing and transporting chemicals and dangerous goods, are presently made to a wide range from fossil resources. However, even for these “contact sensitive” products, there is still the aim of sustainability using recycled materials. For packings for the transport of dangerous goods, safety characteristics of the containments made from the “virgin” materials including polyethylene (PE) are well known and tested within the frame of their design type approval. Much less, however, is known about their counterparts made from recycled materials. Apart from material weaking, incorporation of residues into recycled plastics can cause contamination of the goods inside the packaging.&#13;
To fill this gap, we have evaluated high-density PE (HDPE) canisters made from post-consumer waste towards release of plastic additives and contaminants such as residues from former contents. Using a comprehensive untargeted high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) approach as well as thermal extraction-desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TED-GC/MS), we detected up to 870 distinct components depending on the type of stored chemical and storage duration. Most of the components were unique to or released in significantly higher amounts from recycled HDPE compared to conventional HDPE. 129 of the components could be identified and analyzed for functional use. The analysis revealed “cosmetics”, “fragrance” and “flavoring” as major associations next to known and expected uses in the field of “plastics”, indicating significant introduction of foreign contaminants into the product. We present details on the compound classes involved and discuss consequences for political targets on increasing recycling rates in this product segment.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">International Conference on Non-Target Screening</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Erding, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">13.10.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">16.10.2025</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Carsten Jaeger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Extractables</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Leachables</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Untargeted analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Recycling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Polyethylene</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.8 Umweltanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.1 Sicherheit von Gefahrgutverpackungen und Batterien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.5 Synthese und Streuverfahren nanostrukturierter Materialien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemische Charakterisierung und Spurenanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65754</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Contribution of Mg-templated porosity to activity and durability in Fe–N–C O                    &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;                    reduction catalysts</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Atomically dispersed Fe in N-doped carbon (Fe–N–C) catalysts are leading platinum-group-metal-free candidates for the O2 reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) derived Fe–N–C present the most promising performance; however, they possess a narrow distribution of small micropores, which limits active site accessibility. Here, to induce hierarchical porosity in Fe–N–C, we report a systematic study on MgCl2·6H2O-templated ZIF-8-derived Fe–N–C catalysts for the O2 reduction reaction. MgCl2·6H2O addition induced complete Zn removal, collapse of the ZIF-8 framework, and formation of large micro- and mesopores, with graphene-like structures. N content was markedly reduced, with conversion from pyridinic to pyrrolic N species. Rotating disc electrode tests showed a progressive increase in O2 reduction activity with MgCl2·6H2O, which is strongly correlated (R2 = 0.98) to the formation of large micropores and small mesopores (1–4 nm). This introduces an indirect structure–activity design principle for Fe–N–Cs. The enhanced Fe–N–C porosity also leads to increased degradation rates under accelerated stress test conditions, which we attributed to the oxidation of disordered carbon domains and active Fe loss. This study highlights a key trade-off between porosity-driven O2 reduction activity and durability in Fe–N–C catalysts.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials Advances</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2633-5409</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1039/d5ma01488c</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-657549</identifier>
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    <author>Angus Pedersen</author>
    <author>Jinjie Zhu</author>
    <author>Jesús Barrio</author>
    <author>Joseph Parker</author>
    <author>Robert D. Hunter</author>
    <author>Sarah J. Haigh</author>
    <author>Tim-Patrick Fellinger</author>
    <author>Ifan E. L. Stephens</author>
    <author>Maria-Magdalena Titirici</author>
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      <value>Porosity</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Single atom</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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    <title language="eng">Guidance document - Use of explicit finite element analysis for the evaluation of radioactive material transport packages and storge casks in energy-limited impact events</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The purpose of this document is to provide guidance for developing quality finite element models to ensure, with reasonable certainty, that the model produces accurate results for comparison with the strain-based or stress-based acceptance criteria of Section III, Division 3 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, but could be applicable to other Sections of the Code or other codes. Models developed following the guidance provided in this document meet the definition of a "Quality Model," as described in Paragraph EE 1240 of the Nonmandatory Appendix EE (Strain-Based Acceptance Criteria Definitions and Background Information). It cannot be emphasized enough, however, that the guidance supplied here does not constitute requirements. Rather, the intent of the guidance is to give practical direction to analysts (i.e., this is not a set of regulatory requirements). This guidance document is an "evolving" document. It will undergo revision as computing capability and FEA techniques progress, and as example problems are developed.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">ASME Standards</parentTitle>
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    <author>V. A. Broz</author>
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    <author>S. Kuehner</author>
    <author>D. P. Molitoris</author>
    <author>W. Reinhardt</author>
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    <author>C.-F. Tso</author>
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    <author>Uwe Zencker</author>
    <author>X. Zhang</author>
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    <title language="deu">Batterieelektrisch betriebene FL/AT-Fzg.-Vorschriften und Sicherheit</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Überblick über Vorschriftenlage, Technik der Batterien und aktuelle Forschung.&#13;
Aufzeigen bestehender Unschärfen in der Rechtslage, Sicherheitsfragestellungen zu Batterietechnik sowie Interaktion mit Gefahrgut.</abstract>
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    <author>Nils Böttcher</author>
    <author>Hannes Soderer</author>
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      <value>Batterieelektrische Antriebe</value>
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      <value>Gefahrgut</value>
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      <value>ADR</value>
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      <value>Unfallfeuer</value>
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      <value>Wärmeübertragung</value>
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      <value>Lithium Ionen Batterien</value>
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    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
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    <title language="eng">Kick-off LiBaTra - WP4: Safety Tests</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die BAM ist Projektpartner im vom BMWE geförderten Verbundvorhaben LiBaTra („Lithium-Ionen-Batterie Transport und sichere Deaktivierung für das Recycling“). Weitere Projektpartner neben der BAM sind die Universität Braunschweig mit dem iPAT (Institut für Partikeltechnik) sowie die Firmen Siemens Energy SE sowie No Canary. Die BAM bearbeitet das Teilvorhaben „Risikobestimmung tiefenentladener Energiespeicher“ (FKZ: 03EI6145A-D). Die Präsentation gibt die wesentlichen Arbeitsinhalte des Teilvorhabens der BAM wieder.</abstract>
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    <author>Nils Böttcher</author>
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      <value>Auswirkungsbetrachtungen</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Elektrische Energiespeicher</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
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      <value>Lithium-Ionen-Batterie</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
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      <value>Stationäre Energiespeicher</value>
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      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermisches Durchgehen</value>
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    <title language="eng">MOF-derived Synthetic Carbon Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), particularly the zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) family, are attractive precursors for advanced energy-storage materials. Upon pyrolysis, ZIFs can be transformed into electrically conductive carbon materials while preserving their original particle morphology, which is crucial for achieving high-performance sodium-ion battery anodes. Despite these advantages, large-scale implementation remains challenging due to the need for synthesis routes that balance performance, cost, and sustainability. The present study addresses these challenges by developing environmentally benign and economically feasible strategies for the scalable production of ZIF-8-derived carbon anodes suitable for industrial applications.</abstract>
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    <author>Shu-Han Wu</author>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Negative electrode</value>
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    <subject>
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  <doc>
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    <title language="deu">Großbrandversuche von Elektrofahrzeugen zum Transport Gefährlicher Güter</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der zunehmende Einsatz von batterieelektrischen Transportfahrzeugen (Battery Electric Transport Vehicles – BETVs) im Verkehrswesen wirft Sicherheitsfragen beim Transport gefährlicher Güter auf. Obwohl Batteriebrände auf Zell-, Modul- und Fahrzeugebene umfassend untersucht wurden, fehlen systematische Daten zu deren thermischen Auswirkungen auf Gefahrgutverpackungen. Um diese Lücke zu schließen, führt die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) auf ihrem Testgelände Technische Sicherheit (BAM-TTS) groß angelegte Brandtests durch, in denen konservative Unfallszenarien mit unterschiedlichen Zellchemien und -kapazitäten nachgestellt werden. Die Tests kombinieren fahrzeugbedingte Brandlasten mit standardisierten Propan-Referenzbränden und erfassen mittels hochauflösender Instrumente zentrale Messgrößen wie Wärmefluss, Temperatur und Strahlung. Der daraus entstehende Datensatz liefert erstmals eine direkte Quantifizierung der thermischen Auswirkungen von BETV-Bränden auf Verpackungen und unterstützt Expertengremien bei der Bewertung, ob bestehende regulatorische Anforderungen für alternative Antriebssysteme weiterhin angemessen sind.</abstract>
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      <value>Transport</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.3 Sicherheit von Transportbehältern</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Kerntechnische Entsorgung</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65625</id>
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    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>13</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>673</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier B.V.</publisherName>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
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    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Beyond the lab: Real-world composition of commercial Li-ion battery electrolytes</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This study presents a systematic, characterization of electrolytes from commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIB), encompassing 90 batteries from leading global manufacturers across diverse formats and application sectors. An integrated, complementary mass spectrometric workflow combining LC–MS/MS, GC–MS, and high-resolution MS was employed. To ensure robust structural annotation, molecular identifications were assigned confidence levels following Schymanski et al. (2014).&#13;
Across all formats, PF6− was confirmed as the dominant Li+ counterion, frequently coexisting with BF4−, PO2F2−, and bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI−), forming binary and ternary salt systems optimized for both conductivity and safety. Solvent systems revealed the widespread use of propylene carbonate (PC) combined with diverse carbonate mixtures, demonstrating trends in performance optimization specific to cell format. A variety of additives were identified, reflecting a clear shift towards multifunctional, synergistic additive packages and the gradual replacement of fluorinated species with environmentally safer alternatives. Cycling studies demonstrated that electrolyte degradation mechanisms are strongly influenced by electrode composition and additive chemistry, with oxidative degradation pathways dominating.&#13;
Together, these findings provide rare empirical insight into the evolving formulation strategies of electrolytes in commercial LIB, still employing classic carbonates and LiPF6, but highlighting a trend toward safer, more robust, and sustainable electrolyte architectures by using synergistic multifunctional systems.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Power Sources</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0378-7753</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239739</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-656254</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Juliane Scholl</author>
    <author>Philippa Scharpmann</author>
    <author>Abbas Bagheri</author>
    <author>Jan Lisec</author>
    <author>Emelie Meiers</author>
    <author>Carsten Jaeger</author>
    <author>Robert Leonhardt</author>
    <author>Hajo Haase</author>
    <author>Matthias Koch</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mass Spectrometry</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Lithium-ion batteries</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electrolyte degradation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.7 Organische Spuren- und Lebensmittelanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.1 Sicherheit von Gefahrgutverpackungen und Batterien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
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    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
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    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65625/Scholl2026.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65588</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Linking material and electrode properties to the cell performance of commercially available sodium-ion cells</title>
    <abstract language="eng">As the first commercial sodium-ion-batteries (SIBs) are available for purchase, it is possible to investigate material composition. Gaining an insight into the material composition of these SIBs is of interest not only for the classification of possible safety risks and hazards, but also in regard to recycling. Herein we report the preliminary investigations of the chemical and structural composition of first commercial SIB-cells.[1,2] Two different SIB-cell types were compared in terms of electrode size, thickness, loading etc. Furthermore, the composition of the active materials and electrolyte was investigated and compared. Finally, the gained results were linked to the different data sheet performance of the two cell types.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Batterieforum Deutschland 2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">20.01.2026</enrichment>
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    <author>Luise Sander</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electrochemical Energy Storage</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Battery</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sodium-ion-battery</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>EES</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Energy Storage</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.7 Organische Spuren- und Lebensmittelanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.1 Sicherheit von Gefahrgutverpackungen und Batterien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
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    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65559</id>
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    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
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    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>26</pageLast>
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    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>42</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Chemically complex materials enable sustainable high-performance materials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Chemically complex materials (CCMats) 􀀀 including high-entropy alloys, oxides, and related multi-principal element systems 􀀀 offer a paradigm shift in materials design by leveraging chemical diversity to simultaneously optimize functional, structural, and sustainability criteria. The vastness of the compositional and structural space in CCMats propels the field into an expanding exploratory state. To reconcile functional and structural performance across this immense parameter space remains an open challenge. This Perspective evaluates the opportunities and challenges associated with harnessing chemical complexity across a broad spectrum of applications, such as hydrogen storage, ionic conductors, catalysis, magnetics, dielectrics, semiconductors, optical materials, and multifunctional structural systems. It is delineated how three central design strategies: targeted substitution (SUB), defect engineering (DEF), and diversity management (DIV) enable the reconciliation of high functional performance with long-term structural stability and environmental responsibility.&#13;
Advances in computational thermodynamics, microstructure simulations, machine learning, and multimodal characterization are accelerating the exploration and optimization of CCMats, while robust data infrastructures and automated synthesis workflows are emerging as essential tools for navigating their complex compositional space. By fostering cross-disciplinary knowledge transfer and embracing data-driven design, CCMats are poised to deliver next-generation materials solutions that address urgent technological, energy, and&#13;
environmental demands.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359028626000033?via%3Dihub</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1359-0286</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.cossms.2026.101256</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">09.03.2026</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Tilmann Hickel</author>
    <author>Anja Waske</author>
    <author>Ali Tehranchi</author>
    <author>Biswajit Bhattacharya</author>
    <author>Tomasz M. Stawski</author>
    <author>Tim-Patrick Fellinger</author>
    <author>Asad Mehmood</author>
    <author>Julia Witt</author>
    <author>Ozlem Ozcan</author>
    <author>Ana Guilherme Buzanich</author>
    <author>Sourabh Kumar</author>
    <author>Rajesh Kumar Mishra</author>
    <author>Marco Holzer</author>
    <author>Andrea Simone Stucchi de Camargo</author>
    <author>Leonardo Agudo Jácome</author>
    <author>Anna Manzoni</author>
    <author>Andrea Fantin</author>
    <author>Elisabeth John</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Sophia Bührig</author>
    <author>Jegatheesan Murugan</author>
    <author>Niklas Marschall</author>
    <author>Janine George</author>
    <author>Reza Darvishi Kamachali</author>
    <author>Robert Maaß</author>
    <author>Franziska Emmerling</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Chemically complex materials</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Structural stability</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Functional performance</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Design strategies</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sustainability</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5 Werkstofftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.1 Mikrostruktur Design und Degradation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.5 Materialmodellierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.6 Glas</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.3 Strukturanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.4 Materialinformatik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.6 Digitale Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Material</collection>
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    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Materialdesign</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65559/CCmat_perspective_2026.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65546</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1149</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1160</pageLast>
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    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
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    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Cryogenic storage system behaviour under fire</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The transition from fossil fuels to low-emission alternatives is essential to mitigate carbon emissions in energy-intensive sectors. Liquid hydrogen (LH2) is a promising energy carrier due to its high gravimetric energy density, but its storage requires advanced insulation to minimize heat ingress and prevent excessive boil-off losses. Multilayer insulation (MLI), perlite, and microspheres are commonly used under vacuum conditions, yet their performance under fire exposure remains a critical concern.&#13;
This study investigates the thermal degradation of insulation materials and its impact on heat transfer in an event with extreme thermal load conditions using the Cryogenic High-Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber (CHTTVC). The heat flow dynamics are analyzed, and an equivalent heat transfer coefficient is proposed to quantify the impact of insulation deterioration as the outer wall temperature increases.&#13;
Additionally, a novel liquid-vapor interface monitoring method is introduced to improve real-time detection of phase changes within the tank. The results highlight that insulation failure substantially increases the heat flow, which, if not mitigated, can lead to boiling liquid expanding vapor explosions (BLEVE), jet fires, or catastrophic tank failure. The findings provide valuable insights into optimizing LH2 storage safety and improving emergency response strategies for cryogenic tanks exposed to extreme thermal conditions.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">ICHS-International Conference Hydrogen Safety</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">979-12-243-0274-2</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">International Conference of Hydrogen Safety</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Seoul, Korea</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">23.09.2025</enrichment>
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    <author>Aliasghar Hajhariri</author>
    <author>Robert Eberwein</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen Storages</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Liquid Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fire safety</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Heat Transfer</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.5 Sicherheit von Gasspeichern und Gefahrguttanks</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65544</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>11</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>219</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Comparative life cycle assessment of vacuum insulation panel core materials for liquid hydrogen storage tanks – glass bubbles compared to conventional core materials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The environmental performance of insulation materials for liquid hydrogen storage tank application is important to the development of sustainable supply chains. As new materials keep evolving, there is a need to assess their environmental impact. Therefore, this study investigates the environmental sustainability and circularity of cryogenic insulation concepts, namely vacuum insulation panels (VIPs), exclusively focussing on their core materials. Employing a cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment model, the VIP core materials are investigated with a special focus on glass bubbles. Based on the results, the global warming potential of the considered core materials, namely, glass bubbles, silica aerogel, fumed silica, expanded perlite, glass fibre, and polyurethane foam is 9.21∗10^−2, 7.00, 2.50∗10^−1, 3.63∗10^−2, 6.68∗10^−2, and 1.88 kg CO2 eq. per functional unit, respectively. In general, silica aerogel and polyurethane foam are the least environmentally friendly materials, while the most sustainable is expanded perlite, followed by glass fibre, glass bubbles, and fumed silica.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">International Journal of Hydrogen Energy</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0360-3199</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153937</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-655445</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Hannah Sauer</author>
    <author>Bright E. Okpeke</author>
    <author>Agnieszka S. Dzielendziak</author>
    <author>Robert Eberwein</author>
    <author>Lars Baetcke</author>
    <author>Sören Ehlers</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LH2</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Insulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cryogenic storage tank</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Life Cycle Assessment</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
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    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
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    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65544/Sauer_2025_NICOLHy_LCA.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65534</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>9</pageLast>
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    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
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    <title language="eng">Core‐Shell: Resolving the Dilemma of Hard Carbon Anodes by Sealing Nanoporous Particles With Semi‐Permeable Coatings</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A core-shell strategy is introduced to overcome the dilemma of common non-graphitic hard carbon anodes, linking high reversible storage capacity to practically unacceptable irreversible losses in the first cycle(s). Just as Graphite homogeneously combines effective lithium storage with an electrolyte solvent-sieving function, we show that both of these functions could be strategically integrated into non-graphitic carbons in a heterogeneous structure. Highly porous activated carbons are sealed by kinetically tuned gas-phase deposition of non-graphitic carbon to form a functional core-shell structure. Gas sorption porosimetry on core, shell, core–shell, and cracked core-shell particles confirms preserved core porosity and a semi-permeable shell. Diethyl carbonate sorption analysis is introduced as a more suitable probe than N2 or CO2 sorption, linking first-cycle losses to the liquid–solid interface of carbon anodes. The functional core-shell particles with much reduced diethyl carbonate uptake allow for high storage capacity and reduced first cycle losses. Delivering 400 ± 24 mAh g−1 with 82 ± 2% first-cycle reversibility, it is shown that three-stage Na storage in designed core-shell anodes can compensate for the larger size of sodium compared to lithium stored in graphite anodes (372 mAh g−1). The designed core-shell anodes show state-of-the-art performance with commercial promise.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Angewandte Chemie - International Edition</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1433-7851</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/anie.202519457</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-655346</identifier>
    <note>Es gibt eine parallele Sprachausgabe (deutsch), ein Link befindet sich im Feld zugehöriger Identifikator - There is a parallel language edition (German), a link is in the field related identifier</note>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Paul Alexander Appel</author>
    <author>Carsten Prinz</author>
    <author>Jian Liang Low</author>
    <author>Nahom Enkubahri Asres</author>
    <author>Shu-Han Wu</author>
    <author>Annica Freytag</author>
    <author>Jonas Krug von Nidda</author>
    <author>Nader de Sousa Amadeu</author>
    <author>Tim-Patrick Fellinger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sodium-ion battery</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Activated carbon</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Core-shell</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hard carbon anode</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Diethyl carbonate vapor sorption</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.3 Strukturanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
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    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65534/AngewChemInt_Ed_2026_Appel_CoreShell.pdf</file>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65534/anie71010-sup-0001-suppmat.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65535</id>
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    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>10</pageLast>
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    <title language="deu">Kern–Schale: Versiegelung nanoporöser Partikel mit semipermeablen Kohlenstoffschichten befreit Hartkohlenstoffanoden von ihrem Dilemma</title>
    <abstract language="deu">In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine Kern-Schale-Strategie vorgestellt, die das grundlegende Problem gängiger nichtgraphitischer Hartkohlenstoff-Anoden adressiert: Hohe reversible Kapazitäten gehen bislang typischerweise mit erheblichen irreversiblen Verlusten in den ersten Zyklen einher. Analog zu Graphit, das sowohl Lithiumspeicherung als auch die Abtrennung von Elektrolytlösungsmitteln in einer homogenen Struktur vereint, zeigen wir, dass sich diese beiden Funktionen auch in nichtgraphitischen Kohlenstoffen gezielt in einer heterogenen Architektur kombinieren lassen. Hochporöse Aktivkohlen werden durch kinetisch kontrollierte Gasphasenabscheidung mit einer dünnen Schicht nichtgraphitischen Kohlenstoffs überzogen, sodass eine funktionale Kern-Schale-Struktur entsteht. Gasadsorptionsmessungen an Kern-, Schalen-, Kern-Schale- und mechanisch beschädigte Kern-Schale-Partikeln, bestätigen, dass die Porosität des Kerns erhalten bleibt und die Schale semipermeabel ist. Die Sorption von Diethylcarbonat wird als geeignetere Methode im Vergleich zu N2- oder CO2-Sorptionsmessungen eingeführt, um die irreversiblen Verluste des ersten Zyklus mit der tatsächlichen Flüssig-Fest-Grenzfläche von Kohlenstoffanoden zu verknüpfen. Die funktionalen Kern-Schale-Partikel zeigen eine stark reduzierte Aufnahme von Diethylcarbonat, was hohe reversible Kapazitäten bei deutlich geringeren Erstzyklusverlusten ermöglicht. Bei einer reversiblen Kapazität von 400 ± 24 mAh g−1 und einer initialen Coulombeffizienz von 82 ± 2% zeigt sich, dass die dreistufige Natriumspeicherung in der gezielt entwickelten Kern-Schale-Architektur den größeren Ionenradius von Natrium gegenüber Lithium (372 mAh g−1 in Graphit) kompensieren kann. Die entwickelten Kern-Schale-Anoden erreichen damit ein Leistungsniveau, das für eine kommerzielle Anwendung vielversprechend ist.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Angewandte Chemie</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1521-3757</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/ange.202519457</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-655354</identifier>
    <note>Es gibt eine parallele Sprachausgabe (englisch), ein Link befindet sich im Feld zugehöriger Identifikator - There is a parallel language edition (English), a link is in the field related identifier</note>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Paul Alexander Appel</author>
    <author>Carsten Prinz</author>
    <author>Jian Liang Low</author>
    <author>Nahom Enkubahri Asres</author>
    <author>Shu-Han Wu</author>
    <author>Annica Freytag</author>
    <author>Jonas Krug von Nidda</author>
    <author>Nader de Sousa Amadeu</author>
    <author>Tim-Patrick Fellinger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kern-Schale-Struktur</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Natriumionenbatterie</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hartkohlenstoffanode</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Diethylcarbonatdampfsorption</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Aktivkohle</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
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    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65535/AngewandteChemie_2026_Appel_KernSchale.pdf</file>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65535/ange71010-sup-0001-suppmat.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65538</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>20</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>101</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
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    <title language="eng">Cryogenic storage safety: Experimental evaluation of insulation under extreme conditions</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Hydrogen is recognized as a keystone of the global energy transition, offering a clean, high-energy-density energy carrier ideal for storage and transportation. Among various storage options, liquid hydrogen (LH2) is especially advantageous for both mobile and stationary applications. However, ensuring the safety and performance of LH2 storage systems under extreme thermal conditions, such as fire exposure, remains an engineering challenge.&#13;
This study introduces an experimental framework, called the Cryogenic High-Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber (CHTTVC), designed to investigate the thermal-hydraulic response of vacuum-insulated cryogenic tanks under fire-like conditions. The apparatus enables evaluation of insulation performance, such as perlite and multilayer insulation (MLI), with a focus on thermal degradation, heat ingress, and vacuum stability.&#13;
Results indicate that combustible MLIs undergo substantial thermal degradation, leading to heat ingress rates of up to 6.5 kW and the formation of hazardous combustion by-products. In contrast, non-combustible MLIs and bulk insulation materials restrict heat ingress to approximately 3 kW while more effectively preserving vacuum integrity. Combustible MLIs also exhibit pronounced pressure increases in the evacuated section, reaching ∼6 × 104 Pa, nearly six times higher than those observed for non-combustible counterparts. Analysis of effective emissivity further reveals an enhancement in radiative heat transfer, approximately five times, for combustible MLIs following degradation. Additionally, marked thermal stratification develops under both nominal and extreme heat loads, with temperature gradients approaching 10 °C per 100 mm during sustained thermal exposure.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0950-4230</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.jlp.2026.105961</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-655380</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Aliasghar Hajhariri</author>
    <author>Robert Eberwein</author>
    <author>Davide Camplese</author>
    <author>Giordano Emrys Scarponi</author>
    <author>Valerio Cozzani</author>
    <author>Holger Seidlitz</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multi-Layer Insulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cryogenic Storage</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Safety</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
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    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65538/Hajhariri_cryogenicStorageSafetyUnderFire_2026_JLPI.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65537</id>
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    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
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    <pageLast/>
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    <title language="deu">BAM-Testzentrum Wasserstoffsicherheit - Reallabore und Materialprüfung</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Der Vortrag gibt einen kompakten Überblick über das BAM-Testzentrum Wasserstoffsicherheit und seine Rolle bei der Forschung, Prüfung und Entwicklung sicherheitsrelevanter Technologien entlang der gesamten Wasserstoff-Wertschöpfungskette. Das Kompetenzzentrum H2Safety@BAM vereint wissenschaftliche Expertise, einmalige Infrastruktur und praxisnahe Reallabore, um Vertrauen in Wasserstoff als zukünftigen Energieträger zu schaffen.&#13;
Im Mittelpunkt steht das Testgelände für Technische Sicherheit, das mit 12 km² zu den umfassendsten europäischen Einrichtungen für Sicherheitstests im Realmaßstab zählt. Dazu gehören eine Wasserstofftankstelle, Wasserstoffnetze im Reallabormaßstab, Prüfstände für Kryotechnik, Brand- und Explosionsversuche sowie eine im Bau befindliche Anlage zur Druckbehälterprüfung. Die Infrastruktur ermöglicht Freistrahlversuche, Jetflame-Tests sowie Untersuchungen für 1000-bar-Systeme.&#13;
Im Reallabor Wasserstoffnetze werden Materialien, Gasqualitäten, dynamische Strömungsszenarien und Komponenten unter realistischen und kritischen Bedingungen untersucht, um die sichere Integration von Wasserstoff in bestehende und neue Pipelineinfrastrukturen zu ermöglichen. Parallel dazu schafft das Reallabor Wasserstofftankstelle die Grundlage für neue digitale Methoden der Qualitätsinfrastruktur von Sensornetzwerken über Echtzeit-Datenerfassung bis zur Anlagenüberwachung. Ein Beispiel ist die Optimierung von Betankungsprozessen mittels Digital Twin, die eindrucksvoll demonstriert, wie die Sicherheit bei Schnellbetankungen aufgezeigt werden kann.&#13;
Mit Blick auf die Zukunft adressiert die BAM zudem die Sektorenkopplung. Datengetriebene Ansätze, KI und digitale Zwillinge sollen den sicheren und effizienten Betrieb von Elektrolyse, Energiespeichern und Wasserstoffanwendungen vernetzt unterstützen.&#13;
Insgesamt zeigt die Präsentation, dass die BAM eine zentrale Institution für die sichere Transformation hin zu einer Wasserstoffwirtschaft ist - mit exzellenter Infrastruktur, praxisnahen Reallaboren und tiefgreifender Forschungskompetenz.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Wasserstofftour durch die Regionen 2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Cottbus, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">11.02.2026</enrichment>
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    <author>Frank Wille</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reallabor</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>QI-Digital</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Materialprüfung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Elektrolyse</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
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      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wertschöpfungskette</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Testgelände</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
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    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
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    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
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    <id>65510</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
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    <title language="eng">Engineering Activated Carbon via Chemical Vapor Deposition for High-Performance Core-Shell Carbon Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Rising demand for sustainable energy storage has renewed interest in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) as alternative to lithium-ion batteries. Although hard carbon and related materials are common SIB-anodes, the correlation between its structure and ion storage mechanism remains unclear.[1] As shown recently, the pore design is essential to block the formation of excessive solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and allows the formation of pseudo-metallic clusters inside the pores.[2,3] Adjusting the diameter of the pore entrance, enables a reversible low-potential plateau (&lt; 0.1 V), which significantly enhances the capacity (potentially up to 450-500 mAh/g) compared to graphite (Qtheo = 372 mAh/g) in Li-ion batteries.[2]&#13;
Activated carbon (AC) is a low-cost material with abundant micropores and high surface area, making it a promising anode candidate for SIBs. However, its performance is often hindered by structural disorder and excessive SEI-formation. Hence, mitigating active-species loss is essential to achieve high specific capacities (&gt; 300 mAh g-1).[3] The aim herein was to investigate the relationship between the properties of the AC and the CVD-conditions required to achieve an efficient SIB-anode.&#13;
This study introduces an optimized chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to modify various, highly porous commercial ACs aiming towards core-shell carbons, consisting of a porous core and a non-graphitic CVD-shell.[3] The ACs were treated via CVD and characterized using a range of techniques including gas physisorption, small-angle x-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction. The electrochemical properties of the different materials, prior and after CVD-coating, were analysed in half cells vs. Na-metal. &#13;
After coating, gas physisorption confirmed a significantly lower surface area for the materials. Depending on the porosity of the material, a longer CVD-time was necessary to fully coat the particles. The successful formation of core-shell carbons enables separation of the storage mechanism from SEI-formation. The CVD-process enables precise control over the microstructure of the carbon material, allowing to enhance the reversible Na-storage capacity, e.g., from 107 mAh g-1 to 353 mAh g-1 while significantly reducing initial Coulombic losses by 73%.&#13;
The greatly increased low-potential capacity verifies the formation of an electrolyte-tight CVD shell enabling Na-storage in the porosity of the core. The established link between porosity, CVD-parameters, and performance guides optimization for future materials.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Batterieforum 2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">20.01.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">23.01.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Alain Cerny</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sodium-Ion Battery</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Carbon</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Chemical Vapour Deposition</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65498</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einfluss ausgewählter Fertigungsparameter auf die Sicherheit von Composite-Druckbehältern</title>
    <abstract language="deu">In dem Vortrag wurde der Einfluss ausgewählter Fertigungsparameter auf die Sicherheit von Composite-Druckbehältern diskutiert. Die Inhalte stammen aus einem Projekt im Rahmen des BTU-BAM Graduiertenkollegs "Trustworthy Hydrogen". Darüber hinaus umfasst der Foliensatz eine Kurzvorstellung der Aktivitäten des Fachbereichs 3.5 im Bereich der Wasserstofftechnologien.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Workshop "Wasserstoff in der Luftfahrt: Wasserstoffspeicherung und -transport für Luftfahrt und darüber hinaus"</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">11.02.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Bartosz Popiela</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Composite</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Druckbehälter</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fertigung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.5 Sicherheit von Gasspeichern und Gefahrguttanks</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65485</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>19</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>45</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Monitoring Failure of Composite Pressure Vessels with Acoustic Emissions</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Two carbon fiber reinforced type IV pressure vessels are subjected to step-wise pressurization until burst, while monitored using acoustic emissions (AE). Unlike most prior studies, AE data is collected throughout the entire damage progression. The vessels, manufactured with differing parameters, failed in distinct composite layers – A-type in the hoop layers and B-type in the helical layers. The AE signals are evaluated to study material degradation and identify fiber breaks as signs of critical damage accumulation. The signals are distributed randomly across the surface, with localized accumulation only minutes before rupture, close to the rupture plane. The difference in manufacturing parameters did not result in any clear difference in the AE activity. Felicity and Shelby ratios show consistent decline with increasing pressure, suggesting potential for damage assessment and burst prediction. It is discussed how these ratios are affected by coupling quality of the AE sensors, the shape of the pressurization profile and prior loadings. Different signal features based on the amplitude and the frequency content are extracted for a classification into failure mechanisms. Based on previous studies, AE signals corresponding to fiber breaks have a characteristic high-frequency spectrum and show a delay in occurrence, with an increase in the number of breaking fibers towards the end of the experiment. Indeed, high frequency signals tend to occur later and signals in specific peak-frequency ranges (350 – 400 kHz,  500 kHz) somewhat resemble the expected behavior. However, the dataset is too variable and too incongruent for any clear interpretations. Likely reasons are signal propagation effects, the complex composite structure, simultaneous occurrence of signals and measurement uncertainties. A review of relevant studies is provided to show that similar issues affect also previous works. Successfully identifying fiber breaks in large-scale, complex composite structures based on AE data, and turning this into an applicable health-monitoring technique, therefore remains a challenge.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0195-9298</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s10921-025-01319-1</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-654852</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefLicence">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_import_origin">crossref</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_doiImportPopulated">PersonAuthorFirstName_1,PersonAuthorLastName_1,PersonAuthorIdentifierOrcid_1,PersonAuthorFirstName_2,PersonAuthorLastName_2,PersonAuthorFirstName_3,PersonAuthorLastName_3,PersonAuthorIdentifierOrcid_3,PersonAuthorFirstName_4,PersonAuthorLastName_4,PersonAuthorIdentifierOrcid_4,PublisherName,TitleMain_1,Language,TitleAbstract_1,TitleParent_1,ArticleNumber,Issue,Volume,PublishedYear,IdentifierIssn,Enrichmentlocal_crossrefLicence</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">doi-import</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">23.02.2026</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Emanuel D. Kästle</author>
    <author>Eric Duffner</author>
    <author>Bartosz Popiela</author>
    <author>Ali Ghaznavi</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Acoustic emission testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Composite pressure vessels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Damage classification in fiber reinforced polymers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Felicity ratio</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Composite failure</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.5 Sicherheit von Gasspeichern und Gefahrguttanks</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65485/Kaestle_Duffner_Popiela_Ghaznavi_Monitoring_Failure_AE.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65481</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>33</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>33</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>2026/1</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Pantograf Media Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>London</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">NICHOLHy - Novel insulation concepts for liquefied hydrogen storage tanks</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Liquefied Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier for the flexible import of energy to Europe. But, tanks in the relevant scale of 40 000 to 200 000 m³ do not exist yet. The upscaling of liquid hydrogen (LH2) storage tanks from the current largest tank of 4700 m³ requires a new concept for thermal insulation. NICOLHy studies novel concepts based on multiple layers of vacuum insulation panels (VIPs). Current LH2 tanks rely on the intactness of a single vacuum layer that covers the whole tank. The multilayered VIP systems offer redundancy and improve manufacturability. The Article describes the progress within the project.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">European Energy Innovation</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">3049-5431</identifier>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.europeanenergyinnovation.eu/content/files/2025/12/EEI-Magazine---Winter-2025-Digital-Version-Spreads-2.pdf</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Robert Eberwein</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LH2</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Insulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tanks</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.5 Sicherheit von Gasspeichern und Gefahrguttanks</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65437</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">NICOLHy - 4th Stakeholder Advisory Board Meeting</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The NICOLHy project aims to develop a novel insulation concept based on Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP) that enables the safe, cost- and energy efficient storage of large quantities of LH2. Such large scale LH2 storage technology is necessary for establishing a hydrogen economy with dimensions between 40.000 m³ and more than 200.000 m³ of LH2. However, new design concepts are needed because the currently available technologies used in small and medium storages today are not suitable for up-scaling. The main problems prohibiting the up-scaling are the long production time due to the process chain, the low failure tolerance and the spherical shape, which reduces the payload in technical applications by up to 50% compared to other shapes. The novel concept will change these conditions by a system which is modular, open-form, time-and cost efficient while production, operation and service, multi-failure tolerant and applicable for onshore and offshore applications. The presentations shows details to the concept and presents several safety concerns the project has to deal with.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">NICOLHy 4th Stakeholder Advisory Board Meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Hamburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">23.01.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">23.01.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Robert Eberwein</author>
    <author>Federico Ustolin</author>
    <author>Anna Zervaki</author>
    <author>Bright Okpeke</author>
    <author>Finn Harwege</author>
    <author>Alessandro Tugnoli</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LH2</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Insulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Life cycle assessment</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tank</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.5 Sicherheit von Gasspeichern und Gefahrguttanks</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65423</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>poster</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">NASICON Electrolytes for Room-Temperature Sodium-Sulfur Batteries: from Material Synthesis to Cell Testing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Solid electrolytes (SE) allow to employ alkali-metal negative electrodes (NE) in new cell concepts, increasing energy density and safety of batteries for stationary and portable applications. The aim of this research is to develop a novel NASICON (NA Super Ionic CONductor) electrolyte for room-temperature (RT) sodium-sulfur (Na-S) cells employing a liquid sodium-potassium (Na-K) alloy at the SE/NE interface. The Na-K alloy can improve the interfacial contact between the sodium-metal NE and the SE.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Batterieforum Deutschland 2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">20.01.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">22.01.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Andrea Cornelio</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NASICON</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Solid Electrolytes</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Synthesis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Characterization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Na batteries</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electrochemical testing</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5 Werkstofftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.4 Multimateriale Fertigungsprozesse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65410</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>poster</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Berlin Battery Lab - Vom Material zur Zelle - Batterieinnovation aus Berlin</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Das Berlin Battery Lab (BBL) vereint exzellente Materialforschung, modernste Analytik und gezielten Technologietransfer. Als gemeinsames Labor von BAM, HZB und der Humboldt Universität zu Berlin entwickeln wir zukunftsfähige Natrium-Ionen- und Metall-Schwefel-Batterien – von der Materialidee bis zur funktionsfähigen Zelle.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Batteriaforum Deutschland</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">20.01.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">22.01.2026</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Björn Mieller</author>
    <author>Tim-Patrick Fellinger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Batterie</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kooperation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Natrium-Ionen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>BBL</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5 Werkstofftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">5.4 Multimateriale Fertigungsprozesse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65228</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>researchdata</type>
    <publisherName>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Mg-Templated Porosity as a Descriptor of Activity and Durability in ZIF-Derived Fe–N–C O2 Reduction Catalysts - Dataset</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Atomically dispersed Fe in N-doped carbon (Fe-N-C) catalysts are leading platinum-group-metal-free candidates for the O2 reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) derived Fe-N-C present the most promising performance; however, they possess a narrow distribution of small micropores, which limits active site accessibility. Here, to induce hierarchical porosity in Fe-N-C, we report a systematic study on MgCl₂·6H₂O-templated ZIF-8-derived Fe-N-C catalysts for the O2 reduction reaction. MgCl₂·6H₂O addition induced complete Zn removal, collapse of the ZIF-8 framework, and formation of large micro- and mesopores, with graphene-like structures. N content was markedly reduced, with conversion from pyridinic to pyrrolic N species.  Rotating disc electrode tests showed a progressive increase in O2 reduction activity with MgCl₂·6H₂O, which is strongly correlated (R2 = 0.98) to the formation of large micropores and small mesopores (1-4 nm). This introduces a clear structure-activity design principle for Fe-N-Cs. The enhanced Fe-N-C porosity also leads to increased degradation rates under accelerated stress test conditions, which we attributed to the oxidation of disordered carbon domains and active Fe loss. This study highlights a key trade-off between porosity-driven O2 reduction activity and durability in Fe-N-C catalysts.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.26272/opus4-65228</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC0 1.0 - Universell - Public Domain Dedication</licence>
    <author>Angus Pedersen</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Single atom</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Zeolitic imidazolate framework</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oxygen reduction</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="620">Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Forschungsdatensätze der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65348</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>153</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>doctoralthesis</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace>Cottbus, Deutschland</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>2025-11-14</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Einfluss fertigungsbedingter Eigenspannungen auf die Betriebssicherheit von nassgewickelten Composite-Druckbehältern mit einem nichttragenden Liner</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Im Hinblick auf die globale Herausforderung der Energietransformation steigt der Bedarf an Möglichkeiten zur Energiespeicherung. Eine Technologie, die zunehmend in den Fokus rückt, ist die Energiespeicherung mittels komprimiertem Wasserstoffgas. Insbesondere für mobile und Transport-Anwendungen ist eine geringe Masse des Speichers vorteilhaft, weshalb vollumwickelte Composite-Druckbehälter des Typs 4 zum Einsatz kommen. Diese werden überwiegend im Nasswickelverfahren gefertigt, das durch zahlreiche Prozessparameter und physikalische Effekte charakterisiert wird. Die Wahl der Wickelprozessparameter sowie Schwankungen der Materialkennwerte beeinflussen den Eigenspannungszustand in der Composite-Struktur eines Druckbehälters. Somit wirken sie sich auch auf den Spannungszustand im Betrieb aus.&#13;
Die vorliegende Dissertation beinhaltet Untersuchungen des Einflusses von fertigungsbedingten Eigenspannungen auf die Sicherheit von Composite-Druckbehältern mit nichttragendem Kunststoff-Liner. Ziel ist es, das mechanische Verhalten von Composite-Druckbehältern besser zu verstehen und deren Sicherheitsniveau sowie Konkurrenzfähigkeit weiter zu steigern.&#13;
Schwerpunkte der Arbeit sind experimentelle Untersuchungen der Eigenspannungsentstehung und -entwicklung sowie deren Einfluss auf die Behälter-Sicherheit. Im Fokus befindet sich die Exploration von Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung der Zuverlässigkeit der Behälter durch Variation der Fertigungsparameter und eine Konditionierung nach der Fertigung. Der Eigenspannungszustand wird in numerischen Simulationen sowie mit dem zerstörenden Bohrlochverfahren charakterisiert. Die Überwachung der Spannungsumlagerung während einer Konditionierung unter Zeitstandbelastung erfolgt mit eingebetteten faseroptischen Sensoren, die später zur Dehnungsmessung in zerstörenden, langsamen Berstprüfungen eingesetzt werden. Zur Vertiefung des Verständnisses des Versagensverhaltens der verwendeten 6,8 l-Druckbehälter wird die Finite-Elemente-Methode eingesetzt. Darüber hinaus werden Qualitätsuntersuchungen der Composite-Struktur mittels Mikro-Computertomographie und Impuls-Echo-Verfahren beschrieben.&#13;
Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen zeigen, dass eine Steigerung der Zuverlässigkeit durch eine gezielte Innendruckbeanspruchung der gewickelten Behälter nahezu kostenneutral möglich ist. Dies wird im Rahmen der Arbeit anhand eines Baumusters demonstriert. Darüber hinaus wird die Verbesserung der Zuverlässigkeit der Behälter im Rahmen einer Konditionierung unter Zeitstandbelastung vertieft diskutiert. Diese stellt eine weiterführende Möglichkeit dar, das Behälterverhalten positiv zu beeinflussen und das Sicherheitsniveau zu steigern.</abstract>
    <abstract language="eng">Considering the global challenge of energy transformation, the demand for energy storage solutions is increasing. One of the technologies, which is gaining attention, is the storage of hydrogen gas under high operating pressures. Particularly for on-board and transport applications, lightweight storage systems are advantageous. Therefore, fully wrapped composite pressure vessels of Type 4 are increasingly used. These are mostly manufactured using the wet filament winding process, which is characterized by numerous process parameters and physical effects. The choice of winding process parameters and variations in material properties influence the residual stress state in the finished component and thus also the stress state under operational loads. This dissertation includes insights into the impact of manufacturing-induced residual stresses on the safety of Type 4 pressure vessels, which contribute to a deeper understanding of the mechanical behavior of composite pressure vessels and support the further enhancement of safety levels and competitiveness.&#13;
The work focuses on experimental investigations of the induction and development of residual stresses and their impact on the safety of the composite pressure vessels. A core of the dissertation is an exploration of the possibilities to improve pressure vessel performance through variation of manufacturing parameters and conditioning after manufacturing. The residual stress state is characterized in numerical simulations as well as with the destructive hole-drilling method. Embedded fiber optic sensors are used for the monitoring of stress redistribution during conditioning. The fiber optic sensors are later used for strain measurement in destructive, slow burst tests. Finite element analyses are performed to deepen the understanding of the failure behavior of the used 6.8-liter pressure vessels. Additionally, quality investigations of the composite structure using micro-computed tomography and impulse-echo ultrasonic propagation imaging are described.&#13;
The results of the investigations show that an increase in performance is possible through targeted internal pressure regulation during the winding process pressure vessels. This is demonstrated almost cost-neutrally, i.e., without increasing process time and material usage. Furthermore, the improvement of vessel performance through conditioning under increased pressure and temperature is discussed in depth. This represents a further possibility to favorably influence vessel behavior and enhance safety levels.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.26127/BTUOpen-7238</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-72383</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Bartosz Popiela</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Composite</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Druckbehälter</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Eigenspannung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Faserverstärkter Kunststoff</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nasswickelverfahren</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.5 Sicherheit von Gasspeichern und Gefahrguttanks</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">BAM Dissertationen ohne Nummerierung</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <thesisGrantor>Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus</thesisGrantor>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65348/Popiela_Dissertation_online_BTU.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65216</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>16</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition>Revision 1</edition>
    <issue/>
    <volume>BAM-GGR 008</volume>
    <type>official</type>
    <publisherName>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Guideline for numerical safety analyses in the context of type approval of packages for the transport of radioactive material</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The guideline serves to support quality assurance in preparation, control and assessment of safety cases based on a numerical analysis of problems that are part of the scope of testing and assessment of package designs for the transport of radioactive materials. In particular, it is intended to form the basis for the correct performance of numerical analyses in accordance with the state of the art and to support the verifiability of the numerical safety case. Its application should ensure the traceability of the calculation procedure and the preconditions and assumptions on which the calculations are based.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">BAM dangerous goods procedural rules</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-652167</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Jens Sterthaus</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Simulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>FEM</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Assessment</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Verification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Validation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Documentation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Calculation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Quality assurance</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Numerically verified proof</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.3 Sicherheit von Transportbehältern</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Eigenverlag BAM</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Kerntechnische Entsorgung</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Amtliche Bekanntmachungen der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65216/BAM-GGR_008_Rev1_engl.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65214</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>17</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition>Revision 1</edition>
    <issue/>
    <volume>BAM-GGR 008</volume>
    <type>official</type>
    <publisherName>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Berlin</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Leitlinie für numerisch geführte Sicherheitsnachweise im Rahmen der Bauartprüfung von Behältern für den Transport von radioaktiven Stoffen</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Die Leitlinie dient der Unterstützung der Qualitätssicherung bei der Erstellung, Kontrolle und Beurteilung von Sicherheitsnachweisen, die auf einer numerischen Analyse von Problemstellungen basieren, welche zum Prüf- und Begutachtungsumfang von Behälterbauarten für den Transport radioaktiver Stoffe gehören. Sie soll insbesondere die Grundlage für die korrekte Durchführung der numerischen Analysen nach dem Stand der Technik bilden und die Prüfbarkeit des numerischen Sicherheitsnachweises unterstützen. Ihre Anwendung soll die Nachvollziehbarkeit des Berechnungsganges und der den Berechnungen zugrundeliegenden Voraussetzungen und Annahmen gewährleisten.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">BAM-Gefahrgutregeln</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-652145</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Jens Sterthaus</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Simulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Berechnung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>FEM</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Numerisch geführter Nachweis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Verifikation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Validierung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Dokumentation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Qualitätssicherung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Bewertung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.3 Sicherheit von Transportbehältern</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Eigenverlag BAM</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Kerntechnische Entsorgung</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Amtliche Bekanntmachungen der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65214/BAM-GGR_008_Rev1.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65315</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>American Chemical Society (ACS)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Water-in-Salt Electrolytes Embedded in Polyacrylamide Hydrogels: A First Step toward Deformable Sodium-Ion Batteries</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The development of flexible, safe, and sustainable Energy storage systems is critical for next-generation technologies, including wearable electronics, biomedical devices, and soft robotics. In this work, we provide a systematic investigation of sodium perchlorate-based water-in-salt (WIS) electrolytes embedded in polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogels as a potential platform for deformable sodium-ion batteries or aqueous supercapacitors. Using Raman spectroscopy, we track the transition from free to intermediate water states with increasing salt concentration, identifying the onset of the WIS regime around 10 mol kg−1. Electrochemical measurements reveal that both the aqueous and hydrogel-based electrolytes exhibit a broadened electrochemical stability window (ESW) at higher salt concentrations, reaching up to 2.75 V. Impedance spectroscopy shows that while aqueous electrolytes achieve higher peak conductivity (156 mS cm−1), hydrogel-based electrolytes offer greater stability across a range of concentrations. This observation was supported by cyclic voltammetry, as it showed enhanced electrochemical stability of the PAM hydrogel compared to the aqueous electrolyte. This comprehensive and systematic study demonstrates that highly concentrated WIS electrolytes can be successfullyembedded into PAM hydrogels, while preserving good electrochemical stability and ionic conductivity. This could make them a promising foundation for all-hydrogel, sodium-based energy storage devices that are safe, sustainable, and mechanically compliant.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">ACS Applied Polymer Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2637-6105</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1021/acsapm.5c03031</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-653156</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Phillip D. H. Nitz</author>
    <author>Paul Rosaz</author>
    <author>Daniela Kreysina</author>
    <author>Dawid Kasprzak</author>
    <author>Naiyu Qi</author>
    <author>Johannes Baller</author>
    <author>Gustav Graeber</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Battery</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65315/Graeber_ACS_Polymer.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65306</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>8</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>NDT.net</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
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    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Distributed  Fibre  Optic  Monitoring of  Hydrogen  Storage  Composite  Pressure  Vessels for  Automotive  Use</title>
    <abstract language="eng">We present our research work on the condition monitoring of hydrogen storage composite pressure vessels using distributed fibre optic sensors. The sensing fibres are integrated into the composite structure by wrapping them over the polymer liner in the helical and circumferential direction during the manufacturing process of the carbon fibre reinforced polymer. The following use of optical backscatter reflectometry allows for continuous condition monitoring and precise detection and localization of structural damages during the entire service life. To account for the time-dependent strength degradation of the composite pressure vessels, both slow burst and ambient hydraulic cycling tests, respectively, were conducted on five 70 MPa pressure vessels with integrated fibre optic sensors. The results achieved via distributed fibre optic strain sensing demonstrate a near linear strain response to pressure suitable for sensitive condition monitoring and confirm the required robustness of the selected sensor solution.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings DGZfP-Jahrestagung 2025</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.58286/32344</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-653067</identifier>
    <enrichment key="eventName">DGZfP-Jahrestagung 2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">26.05.2025</enrichment>
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    <author>Aleksander Wosniok</author>
    <author>Marcus Schukar</author>
    <author>Mathias Breithaupt</author>
    <author>Andreas Kriegsmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Distributed fibre optic sensor (DFOS)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Composite pressure vessel</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Optical backscatter reflectometry</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Slow burst test</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ambient hydraulic cycling test</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">8.6 Faseroptische Sensorik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Graue Literatur</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
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    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65306/1404_manuscript.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65292</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>14</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>206</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier Ltd.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Modelling the behaviour of cryogenic liquid hydrogen tanks engulfed in fire</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The safe use of liquid hydrogen as a clean fuel requires a deep understanding of its behaviour in accident scenarios. Among other scenarios, the possible involvement of cryogenic liquid hydrogen tanks in engulfing fires is of particular concern, due to the potentially severe consequences. This study proposes a computational fluid dynamic model suitable to simulate the behaviour of liquid hydrogen tanks equipped with multi-layer insulation (MLI) engulfed in fire. An original approach has been developed to assess the progressive degradation of the performance of the thermal insulation, that is crucial in determining the tank pressurization and failure. The model is validated against full-scale experimental fire tests. The outcomes of the model reproduce the progressive pressurization and the opening time of the pressure relief valve within 2 % error. The results demonstrate the importance of accounting for the dynamic evolution of the progressive degradation of the insulation when evaluating tank pressurization, and they highlight the limitations of empirical, simplified state-of-the-art approaches. Furthermore, the analysis evidences the key role of the fire temperature in governing tank response, stressing the need for proper fire characterization to support reliable modelling of fire scenarios and the development of emergency planning and mitigation strategies ensuring the structural integrity of liquid hydrogen tanks during fire attacks.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Process Safety and Environmental Protection</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0957-5820</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.psep.2025.108319</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-652920</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">12.01.2026</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Alice Schiaroli</author>
    <author>Davide Camplese</author>
    <author>Giordano Emrys Scarponi</author>
    <author>Robert Eberwein</author>
    <author>Federico Ustolin</author>
    <author>Valerio Cozzani</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LH2</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LNG</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fire</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tank</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="604">Spezielle Themen</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Fire Science</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Security</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
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    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Verkehrsinfrastrukturen</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Gefährliche Stoffe</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65292/Schiaroli_2026_Modelling_LH2_Tanks_engulfed_in_fire.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65289</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">DAVID Project meeting 23.09.2025</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Yearly report on the DAVID project, presented in front of the consortial partners. The report shows the progress achieved by the DAVID project team at BAM in terms of testing newly developed carbon-fiber reinforced pressure vessels of type IV.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">DAVID project meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">23.09.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Emanuel Kästle</author>
    <author>Eric Duffner</author>
    <author>Ali Ghaznavi</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Acoustic Emission</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pressure Vessels</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DAVID project</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Damage monitoring</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fiber reinforced polymers</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.5 Sicherheit von Gasspeichern und Gefahrguttanks</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65275</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Advances in Analytical Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry to Support a Sustainable and Circular Economy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Recent advances in analytical chemistry have significantly supported efforts to realize a sustainable circular economy and circular chemistry. By enabling rapid materials analysis and characterization of materials transformation throughout their life cycle, analytical methods are playing a key role in supporting waste reduction, resource recovery, pollution monitoring, and sustainable manufacturing. In this presentation, recent developments in analytical chemistry and analytical instrumentation to support a sustainable and circular economy will be reviewed and selected contributions from our laboratories will be discussed. For example, high-resolution mass spectrometry combined with chromatography is an indispensable tool for the identification and characterization of plastics. To support the transition from linear to circular chemistry, whichs prioritizes reuse, recycling, and resource efficiency, accurate and detailed chemical information about plastic materials is essential. Here, targeted and non-targeted screening approaches help to characterize, for example, the quality and safety of recycled plastics. In addition, green analytical chemistry has emerged as a topic of interest, emphasizing the use of solvent-free and low-energy methods to minimized environmental impact during analysis. Here, ambient desorption/ionization high-resoluton mass spectrometry (ADI-MS) is considered a very attractive tool because it dos not require chromatography or large amounts of solvent, reduces sample preparation time, and produces virtually no chemical waste. Here, a solvent-free, plasma-based ADI-MS method is presented, which was carefuly developed for the direct identification and fast screening of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). PFAS are a large class of thousands of synthetic chemicals that are used worldwide. However, growing environmental and human health concerns in the last two decades have led to more stringent regulatory requirements and the development of quantitative analytical methods for PFAS detection. Today, standardized and powerful methods exist, e.g., for the determination PFAS in water, sludge, compost, soil, and drinking water. While liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is often used, sample preparation, solvent consumption, and total analysis times can be challenging. Here, ADI-MS is considered interesting, because it requires only minimal sample preparation and little solvent consumption. In this work, a plasma-based pin-to-capillary flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow source (FAPA) is used for the direct desorption/ionization of PFAS from thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plates. Selected PFAS samples were directly probed on functionalized TLC surfaces without a preceding planar chromatography step. In addition, direct analysis of PFAS mixtures and selected matrices was performed with little solvent consumption, no sample preparation and short analysis time.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">XXII European Conference on Analytical Chemistry (EUROANALYSIS)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Barcelona, Spain</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">31.08.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">04.09.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Carsten Engelhard</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mass Spectrometry</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Extractables &amp; Leachables</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Non-Targeted Analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>PFAS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>FAPA-MS</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="543">Analytische Chemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.8 Umweltanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.1 Sicherheit von Gefahrgutverpackungen und Batterien</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemie und Prozesstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Chemische Charakterisierung und Spurenanalytik</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">1.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65262</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>39</issue>
    <volume>12</volume>
    <type>other</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Inside back cover image for the article "In situ structural evolution and activity descriptor of atomically dispersed catalysts during nitrate electroreduction"</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This cover illustrates the electrosynthesis of ammonia through the reduction of nitrate ions on metallic clusters formed from single atom catalysts. The artwork highlights the catalytic interface where molecular transformations occur, linking nanoscale reactions to sustainable fertilizer production. By converting pollutants into value-added products, this work envisions a green pathway toward circular nitrogen management and enhanced agricultural sustainability. More details can be found in the Research Article (DOI: 10.1002/advs.202510282) by Maria-Magdalena Titirici, Raphael Nagao, and co-workers.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Advanced science</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2198-3844</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/advs.71951</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-652626</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Daniel S. Braga</author>
    <author>Angus Pedersen</author>
    <author>Mohd Riyaz</author>
    <author>Jesús Barrio</author>
    <author>Alexander Bagger</author>
    <author>Itamar T. Neckel</author>
    <author>Thiago M. Mariano</author>
    <author>Manuel E. G. Winkler</author>
    <author>Ifan E. L. Stephens</author>
    <author>Maria‐Magdalena Titirici</author>
    <author>Raphael Nagao</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Single atom</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nitrate reduction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>In situ</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Structure-activity-selectivity</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Arbeitspapiere der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65262/In Situ Structural Evolution and Activity Descriptor of Atomically Dispersed Catalysts_Cover Art.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65261</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>15</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley-VCH GmbH</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">High-Yield Synthesis of Fe-NC Electrocatalysts Using Mg2+ Templating and Schiff-Base Porous Organic Polymers</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The decoupled synthesis of Fe-NC single-site electrocatalysts mediated by Lewis acids enables high active site density and utilization. However, current approaches often rely on small organic molecules and suffer from low synthesis yields due to the high Lewis acid-to-precursor ratios required to achieve highly porous carbons. Here, a porous organic polymer (POP) based on 2,4,6-Triaminopyrimidine (TAP) is utilized as a carbon-nitrogen-based scaffold for the synthesis of Fe─NC electrocatalysts. By tuning the amounts of MgCl2 ·6H2O used both as porogen and active site templating agent, synthetic yields exceeding 45% are achieved, a significant improvement compared to the 6% yield from the molecular analogue and the highest reported forMg2+ templated systems. Subsequent low-temperature exchange with Fe leads to atomically dispersed FeNx, minimizing Fe aggregation. The resulting materials exhibit high specific surface areas (&gt;1000 m2 g−1) with micro-, meso-, and macropores, which promote mass transport and active site accessibility. Compared to Fe─NC synthesized via direct pyrolysis of Fe-coordinated POP, the decoupled method enables significantly higher catalytic activity in both alkaline and acidic media, and delivers 1 A cm−2 at 0.687 ± 0.004 VRHE in an alkaline gas diffusion electrode, highlighting its potential for practical oxygen reduction devices.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Advanced Functional Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1002/adfm.202518944</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-652618</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1616-3028</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="date_peer_review">23.03.2026</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Eliot Petitdemange</author>
    <author>Jinjie Zhu</author>
    <author>Angus Pedersen</author>
    <author>Joseph Parker</author>
    <author>Esmael Balaghi</author>
    <author>Shaohua Li</author>
    <author>Silvia Favero</author>
    <author>José Ignacio Martínez</author>
    <author>Sarah Haigh</author>
    <author>Maria-Magdalena Titirici</author>
    <author>Anna Fischer</author>
    <author>Jesús Barrio</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Porous Organic Polymers</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Single Atom</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oxygen reduction</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65261/High Yield Synthesis of FeNC Electrocatalysts Using Mg Templating.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65152</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>zho</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="zho">理论模拟与实验协同的材料表征与机理研究</title>
    <title language="eng">Integrating modelling and experiment for synergistic material characterization and mechanism studies</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this academic salon among Chinese-speaking researchers within Germany and EU, I presented my work on utilizing computational chemistry to support experimental characterization and mechanism studies. The discussion focused on metal- and nitrogen-doped carbon (M-N-Cs) with well-defined coordination geometry as an excellent reference material for synergistic theory-experimental research. Some key topics included the analysis of structural preferences of imprinting ions, spectroscopic characterization of specific active sites and mechanism studies pertaining oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen peroxide chemistry at these active sites.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">21st Koushare Workshop - European Materials Science: From Molecular Design to Material Applications</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">25.10.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">25.10.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">1</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <author>Jian Liang Low</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Metal- and Nitrogen Doped Carbon (M-N-C)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Active Site Characterization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electrochemical mechanisms</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR)</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65184</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Machine Learning Approach for Robust Acoustic Emission-Based Damage Classification in Pressure Vessels</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Accurate damage classification of Composite Pressure Vessels (CPVs) is crucial for understanding failure behaviour of hydrogen storage systems. Acoustic Emission (AE) monitoring is a non-destructive testing technique capable of detecting signals from different failure mechanisms such as fiber breakage and matrix cracking, supporting durability assessment of CPVs. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to combine AE and advanced deep learning techniques to develop a robust framework for automatic and accurate identification and classification of damage mechanisms across various CPVs.&#13;
&#13;
The evolutionary Genetic Algorithms (GA) was used for feature selection, followed by unsupervised clustering to generate automatic labels for model training. Two different FCNN and CNN-LSTM architectures were used to train individual models based on different AE datasets. Later, Adaptive Transfer Learning (ATL) and Meta Ensemble Learning (MEL) techniques were applied to handle data variability and train predictive generalized model over varied AE datasets. The ATL fine-tunes a pre-trained models to leverage their knowledge, while MEL uses pre-trained models' predictions as meta features to train a meta model.&#13;
&#13;
Experimental results demonstrate that while both generalized ATL and MEL trained models perform well across different AE datasets, the MEL framework outperforms ATL method in terms of evaluation metrics. The Mean-Accuracy score reaches 0.9026, and 0.9900 for ATL, and MEL, respectively. The most accurate multi-class classification results was achieved using MEL method in terms of the Mean-Accuracy and Recall metrics. The proposed framework provides a scalable, adaptive approach for automated damage classification using AE signals across diverse CPVs in real-world settings.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">BAM Colloquium Abteilung 3</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">14.10.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">14.10.2025</enrichment>
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    <author>Ali Ghaznavi</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Acoustic Emission</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Machine Learning</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Sequential Neural Network</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Deep Learning</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Deep Neural Network</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
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    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
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    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65148</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>24</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
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    <type>preprint</type>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Understanding the Activity Trade-Off between Tetrapyrrolic Fe-NCs and Co-NCs in the Alkaline Oxygen Reduction Reaction</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A water-free ionothermal synthesis of porous magnesium-imprinted nitrogen-doped carbon (Mg–NC) materials is introduced to prepare a platform material to investigate electrocatalytic structure-performance relations. Atomically dispersed Co- and Fe-NCs isomorphic to the pristine Mg-NCs are prepared by ion-exchange reactions. The current Mg-templating strategy enables relatively high pyrolysis product yields of up to 50 wt% and resultant Fe-NC and Co-NC catalysts contain high and comparable active metal loading of up to 2.52 wt% Fe and 2.29 wt% Co, respectively. A combination of X-ray spectroscopies with DFT studies reveals a tetrapyrrolic structure of the coordination sites, originating from a pyrolytic magnesium template ion reaction within the ionothermal synthesis. Two sets of highly active isomorphic tetrapyrrolic Fe-NCs and Co-NCs are utilized to understand the differences in intrinsic electrocatalytic performance of Co-NCs and Fe-NCs towards the alkaline oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Despite their superior valence electronic properties to facilitate the initial outer-sphere electron transfer to O2, Co-NCs show significantly lower performance than Fe-NC with comparable loading. Although the generally discussed weaker binding of peroxide intermediates to CoN4 sites compared to FeN4 sites is evident, experimental and theoretical investigation reveal that it is the underlying peroxide oxidation activity that suppresses the oxygen reduction activity of M-NCs. The high peroxide oxidation activity of Co-NCs explains their reduced alkaline ORR relative to Fe-NCs, shedding light on the understated significance of controlling peroxide chemistry for the optimizing cathodic performance.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Understanding the Activity Trade-Off between Tetrapyrrolic Fe-NCs and Co-NCs in the Alkaline Oxygen Reduction Reaction</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.26434/chemrxiv-2025-s59s5</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-651487</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Arielle Rieck</author>
    <author>Jian Liang Low</author>
    <author>Simon Dietzmann</author>
    <author>Jörg Radnik</author>
    <author>Zahra Teimouri</author>
    <author>Drew Higgins</author>
    <author>Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba</author>
    <author>Asad Mehmood</author>
    <author>Tim-Patrick Fellinger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Magnesium Imprinting</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tetrapyrrolic Sites</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Metal- and nitrogen-doped carbon (M-N-C)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Nitrogen doped Carbon</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6 Materialchemie</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")</collection>
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    <collection role="unnumberedseries" number="">Preprints der BAM</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/files/65148/Rieck_Low_ChemRxiv.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65101</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Welcome to BAM and the Competence Centre H2Safety@BAM</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The presentation starts with general slides on BAM, its mission and focus areas. It provides the fields of activity in the focus area “Energy” and explains the structure of the competence Centre and its focus on building trust in hydrogen.&#13;
The next part shows the H2Safety@BAM’s Products“ in a nutshell and explains the main items with deep dives on the Living Lab “Hydrogen Networks”, the Living Lab „Hydrogen Refuelling Station“, on Reference Materials and Procedures, Storage of Liquid Hydrogen, Storage Systems for Compressed Gases and Material Compatibility.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Information Tour at the Invitation of the Federal Foreign Office  The Hydrogen Economy in Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">05.11.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Georg W. Mair</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Living Lab “Hydrogen Networks”</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Living Lab „Hydrogen Refueling Station“</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reference Materials and Procedures</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Storage of Liquid Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Storage Systems for Compressed Gases</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Material Compatibility</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.5 Sicherheit von Gasspeichern und Gefahrguttanks</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65151</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
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    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">DE-JP Hydrogen Safety Cooperation - Contribution of H2Safety@BAM</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The presentation starts with general slides on BAM, its location, mission, tasks and focus areas. It provides the fields of activity in the focus area “Energy” and explains the structure of the competence Centre and its focus on building trust in hydrogen. The test sides at TTS on hydrogen are explained in combination with the H2Safety@BAM’s products in a nutshell. &#13;
Then the major H2-applications of H2Safety@BAM are explained by deep dives on the Living Lab “Hydrogen Networks”, the Living Lab „Hydrogen Refuelling Station“, on Explosion Protection, on Reference Materials and Procedures, on Material Compatibility, on Storage Systems for Compressed Gases and Storage of Liquid Hydrogen as well as on the Training and Further Education. &#13;
The presentation ends with an overview about our international work on H2Safe-Collaboration.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">KICK-OFF WORKSHOP: JAPANESE-GERMAN COOPERATION ON H2 SAFETY</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Online meeting</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">15.12.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">15.12.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Georg W. Mair</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Living Lab</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen Networks</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen Refuelling Station</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Explosion Protection</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Material Compatibility</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Liquid Hydrogen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Compressed Gases</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2.1 Sicherheit von Energieträgern</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.5 Sicherheit von Gasspeichern und Gefahrguttanks</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65145</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>lecture</type>
    <publisherName/>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Elucidating the Intrinsic CO2RR performance at MN4 sites using Morphologically Comparable M-N-Cs</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Metal- and nitrogen-doped carbons (M-N-Cs) are a promising class of low-cost electrocatalysts derived from earth-abundant elements for various electrochemical applications including ORR and CO2RR [1,2]. Traditionally, M-N-Cs containing active metals (M = Fe, Co, and Ni) are synthesized through direct pyrolysis of inorganic and organic precursors. However, this process often leads to the undesired formation of inorganic side phases via carbothermal reduction, hindering both the efficient incorporation of active metal and the intrinsic activity comparison among active sites.&#13;
To overcome these challenges, we developed an active-site imprinting strategy where active metals are introduced post-pyrolysis through ion-exchange [3-5]. In this work, we applied a Mg imprinting strategy to synthesize Co-N-Cs and Ni-N-Cs with comparable morphology and metal dopant concentrations, enabling a more direct comparison of their intrinsic activities. Notably, Ni-N-Cs produced via this method consistently demonstrated superior activity and selectivity compared to isomorphic Co-N-Cs, achieving CO Faraday efficiencies of up to 95% at relatively low overpotentials. Furthermore, the Ni-N-C catalyst exhibited excellent stability at -0.65 VRHE, retaining 92.5% of its current density and 97.6% of its CO selectivity after 100 hours of continuous operation.&#13;
A distinct advantage of the imprinting strategy lies in the suppression of inorganic side phases, enabling an accurate local structure characterization of the porphyrin-like tetrapyrrolic MN4 coordination structure using Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS). The characterization of the tetrapyrrolic NiN4 site is especially puzzling, as density functional theory (DFT) simulations often predict these sites to be inert to both CO2RR and HER. Drawing on recent studies which highlight the crucial role of cations for CO2RR on noble metal catalysts like Cu, Ag and Au [6-7], we performed mechanistic investigations using DFT to extend the relevance of cations to the CO2RR/HER performance at the MN4 sites, and further illustrate the advantage of the pyrrolic N atoms in anchoring them near the active metals.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">4th Conference of the GDCh Division of Chemistry and Energy</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Duisburg, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">09.04.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventEnd">10.04.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="InvitedTalks">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Jian Liang Low</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electrochemical CO2 reduction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Active-site imprinting</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Metal- and Nitrogen-doped Carbon (M-N-C)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Single Atom Catalyst</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Präsentation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65144</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Mg-based Imprinting for Assessing Intrinsic Behavior of Co/Ni-N4 sites towards CO2RR</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Metal-and nitrogen-doped carbons (MN-Cs) represent a promising class of low cost electrocatalysts derived from nature-abundant elements for various electrochemical processes including CO 2 RR [1, 2]. Traditionally, MN-Cs containing active metals (M= Fe, Co, Ni) are synthesized by direct pyrolysis of inorganic and organic precursors, a process that often results in the undesired formation of inorganic side phases through carbothermal reduction, impeding the effective integration of active metals like Fe, Co and Ni. Furthermore, comparing the intrinsic activities of different MN-Cs can be complicated due to variations in catalyst morphology and active site concentration that arise during the pyrolysis.&#13;
To address these challenges, we developed an active-site imprinting strategy in which active metals are introduced post-pyrolysis via ion-exchange [3-5]. In this work, we employed the Mg imprinting strategy to produce Co-N-Cs and Ni-N-Cs with comparable morphology and metal dopant concentration. Our approach allows for a more direct comparison of the intrinsic activities that arise from the metal dopant. The Ni-N-Cs derived this way are consistently higher in activity and selectivity than the corresponding Co-N-Cs, exhibiting a CO Faraday efficiency of up to 95% at potentials between-0.5 to-0.8 V RHE. The Ni-NC catalyst maintains high stability at-0.65 V RHE, with 92.5% retention of current density and 97.6% retention of CO selectivity after 100 hours of continuous operation.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">The Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS) Spring Meeting 2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Seville, Spain</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">03.03.2025</enrichment>
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    <author>Jian Liang Low</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electrochemical CO2 reduction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Active-site imprinting</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Metal- and Nitrogen-doped Carbon (M-N-C)</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Single Atom Catalyst</value>
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  <doc>
    <id>65143</id>
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    <thesisYearAccepted/>
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    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
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    <title language="eng">Valorization of Carbon Dioxide by Electrocatalytic Reduction Coupled to Acetogens via Multiple Electron Carriers (Ecat-Acetogens II)</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A Bioelectrochemical approach for reducing CO2 to fuels or value-added chemicals allows overcoming the limitations of a pure biochemical or electrochemical approach. A Bioelectrochemical system (BES) for this application has been developed in cooperation with TUM in the first project phase. BAM's contribution to the research focuses on the electrochemical side of the setup, mainly on the development of a suitable CO2RR catalyst for reducing CO2 to CO, which is then consumed by actogenic bacteria to produce further products. Single-metal-atom catalysts in a nitrogen-doped carbon matrix (M-N-Cs) are a promising, sustainable alternative to expensive rare-metal catalysts like Ag and Au. In this work, the first-generation catalyst, a ZIF-8-based Co-N-C is compared to a Mg salt mix templated Ni-N-C. In the new catalysts, the activity for CO2RR as well as the stability during BES operation could be enhanced.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">E-Biocat Statusupdate 2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Karlsruhe, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">01.04.2025</enrichment>
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    <author>Andrea Sterr</author>
    <author>Irina Schwarz</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CO2RR</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>M-N-Cs</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Bioelectrochemical System</value>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>65147</id>
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    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
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    <title language="eng">Active Site Determination in Pyrolyzed M-N-C Electrocatalysts by Gas-sorption</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Metal and nitrogen-doped carbons (M-N-Cs) with M-N4 moieties as the generally accepted active sites, have gradually reached promising levels of activity towards crucial electrochemical reactions like the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR). Even the metal-free counterparts, the nitrogen-doped carbons (NDCs), are common and well-studied electrocatalysts for ORR in alkaline media. In&#13;
these disordered porous materials, the characterization and quantification of (M)N4 sites can be challenging and time-consuming, with many spectroscopic methods drastically overestimating their site accessibility for catalytic applications. In this study, we explore an alternative approach towards active site characterization and quantification in M-N-Cs based on multi-Langmuir analysis of CO2-sorption isotherms at low pressures, with support fromelectronic DFT calculations.</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Electrolyser and Fuel Cell Forum 2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Lucerne, Switzerland</enrichment>
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    <author>Jian Liang Low</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Metal- and Nitrogen Doped Carbon (M-N-C)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Active Site Characterization</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Gas sorption</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Active-Site Imprinting</value>
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    <id>65119</id>
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    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
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    <title language="eng">Probing Structural Changes in Sodium-Ion Battery materials with Operando SAXS</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Operando small-angle X-Ray scattering (SAXS) can provide direct insight into nanoscale structural changes occurring during electrochemical operation. This workshop will provide a general overview of the fundamentals of SAXS and highlight its potential on a range of case studies. This talk will highlight how operando SAXS complements conventional electrochemical characterization by revealing dynamic, irreversible structural processes that govern performance and stability in energy storage materials</abstract>
    <enrichment key="eventName">Operando Workshop</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventPlace">Berlin, Germany</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="eventStart">17.09.2025</enrichment>
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    <author>Paul Alexander Appel</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Small Angle X-Ray Scattering</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Operando Measurments</value>
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