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  <doc>
    <id>59940</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>15</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>2nd Edition</volume>
    <type>bookpart</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier B.V.</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Fuels – Introduction | Hydrogen safety</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The introduction of hydrogen as a safe energy carrier needs a robust knowledge base, tools for the design and safety assessment of hydrogen technologies built on it, and an internationally harmonized set of standards and regulations. Many of the innovative technologies imply hydrogen at high pressures and/or cryogenic temperatures, with which private users come into contact for the first time in distributed applications. In order to avoid over-conservative, expensive safety solutions, while at the same time demonstrating the usability and safety of hydrogen applications and maintaining acceptance for the technology, safety research must also keep pace with, or better yet anticipate, trends in technological development. Thus, this overview article describes not only the current state of knowledge and technology regarding hydrogen safety, but also its further development.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-0-1240-9547-2</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/B978-0-323-96022-9.00195-X</identifier>
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    <author>T. Jordan</author>
    <author>Enis Askar</author>
    <author>Kai Holtappels</author>
    <author>M. Jopen</author>
    <author>U. Stoll</author>
    <author>E.-A. Reinecke</author>
    <author>U. Krause</author>
    <author>M. Beyer</author>
    <author>D. Markus</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Explosion protection</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Accidental scenarios</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hazard and risk assessment</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Regulations codes and standards (RCS)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ignition</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen storage</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Energy carrier</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="621">Angewandte Physik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2.1 Sicherheit von Energieträgern</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Energie</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Wasserstoff</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54889</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>326</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>340</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>STP 1626 - 15</volume>
    <type>bookpart</type>
    <publisherName>ASTM International</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>West Conshohocken, PA, USA</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">New large-scale 750 bar Oxygen Pressure Surge Test Facility</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The Oxygen Pressure Surge Test (OPST) is considered to be best practice for evaluating the burn out safety of plant components and testing the compatibility of nonmetallic materials for oxygen service. Nevertheless, there are only a few laboratories worldwide performing the OPST. The Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) already operates oxygen pressure surge test facilities with maximum OPST pressures of 450 bar.&#13;
However, to ensure technical innovation and to enhance research and development, the decision was made to develop a new and large-scale oxygen pressure surge test facility. Due to the size and the high potential impact energies, the test facility is located outside of Berlin at BAM Test Site for Technical Safety (TTS), where large scale testing is carried out. In addition to an intended maximum OPST pressure of 750 bar, there is the possibility of testing industrial equipment with large inner volumes and diameters. The new quick opening valve constitutes the core of the system and was developed by BAM. It allows to perform tests with the standardized pressure rise times of 15 ms to 20 ms or with adjustable pressure rise times at higher or lower values. As a result, it is possible to provide customized test parameters for specific practical applications as well as research projects.&#13;
This presentation shows the status quo of this unique test facility, its performance, its technical specifications, and its new possibilities for research and development for a long term enhancement of burn out safety in oxygen application.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Flammability and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0899-6652</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-0-8031-7698-0</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1520/STP1626-EB</identifier>
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    <author>Andreas Woitzek</author>
    <author>Thomas Kasch</author>
    <author>Kai Kittler-Packmor</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oxygen pressure surge test</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Adiabatic compression</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Burn out safety</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Innovation in OPST facility</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Adjustable pressure rise time</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2.3 Einstufung von Gefahrstoffen und -gütern</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9 Komponentensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>54888</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>12</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>STP 1626 - 15</volume>
    <type>bookpart</type>
    <publisherName>ASTM International</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>West Conshohocken, PA, USA</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Assessment Criteria to Evaluate Test Results on Compatibility of Nonmetallic Materials for Oxygen Service Based on BAM’s Safety Philosophy</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The general requirement, that nonmetallic materials for oxygen service must be tested and found suitable for their intended use in plants and components is the current state of technical safety. However, numerous requests of manufacturers, sales offices, and users show that there is still a strong need for information on how these materials are tested and evaluated. Based on more than 60 years of expertise, this paper provides background information on BAM’s test approach. It explains why BAM applies additional assessment criteria on nonmetallic materials for certain use conditions. Hence, the test schedule as well as the final evaluation shall reflect the practical application in a more customer-related way in combination with a higher safety level. That is the demand of BAM’s safety philosophy.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Flammability and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0899-6652</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-0-8031-7698-0</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1520/STP1626-EB</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <author>Thomas Kasch</author>
    <author>Thomas Brock</author>
    <author>Olaf Hesse</author>
    <author>Peter Hartwig</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Oxygen compatibility</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Background information on test approaches</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Evaluation of test results</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Assessment criteria</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>BAM’s safety philosophy</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="624">Ingenieurbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">2.3 Einstufung von Gefahrstoffen und -gütern</collection>
    <collection role="themenfelder" number="">Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="literaturgattung" number="">Verlagsliteratur</collection>
    <collection role="fulltextaccess" number="">Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
