Dokument-ID Dokumenttyp Autoren/innen Persönliche Herausgeber/innen Haupttitel Abstract Auflage Verlagsort Verlag Herausgeber (Institution) Erscheinungsjahr Titel des übergeordneten Werkes Jahrgang/Band ISBN Veranstaltung Veranstaltungsort Beginndatum der Veranstaltung Enddatum der Veranstaltung Ausgabe/Heft Erste Seite Letzte Seite URN DOI Lizenz Datum der Freischaltung OPUS4-38497 Zeitschriftenartikel Pieres, A.; Almeida, Ângela; Correia, J.; Calisto, V.; Schneider, Rudolf; Esteves, V. I.; Soares, A. M. V. M.; Figueira, E.; Freitas, R. Long-term exposure to caffeine and carbamazepine: Impacts on the regenerative capacity of the polychaete Diopatra neapolitana The toxicity induced in non-target organisms by pharmaceutical drugs has been the focus of several studies. In the aquatic environment, most of the studies have been devoted to fish and bivalves, while little is known on the impacts induced in polychaetes. The present study evaluated the impacts of carbamazepine and caffeine on the regenerative capacity of Diopatra neapolitana, a polychaete species with high ecological and economic relevance. Under laboratory controlled conditions polychaetes were exposed, during 28 days, to carbamazepine (Ctl-0.0; 0.3; 3.0; 6.0; 9.0 mg/L) and caffeine (Ctl-0.0; 0.5; 3.0; 18.0 mg/L). During the experiment, at days 11, 18, 25, 32, 39 and 46 after amputation, for each specimen, the percentage of the body width regenerated was determined and the number of new segments was counted. The regenerative capacity was assessed considering the number of days needed to achieve full regeneration and the total number of new segments. The obtained results revealed that with the increase of drugs concentrations organisms regenerated less new segments and took longer to completely regenerate. Elsevier 2016 Chemosphere 146 565 573 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.035 2016-11-30 OPUS4-38502 Zeitschriftenartikel Freitas, R.; Almeida, Ângela; Calisto, V.; Velez, C.; Moreira, A.; Schneider, Rudolf; Esteves, V. I.; Wrona, F. J.; Figueira, E.; Soares, A. M. V. M. The impacts of pharmaceutical drugs under ocean acidification: Newdata on single and combined long-term effects of carbamazepine on Scrobicularia plana Ocean acidification and increasing discharges of pharmaceutical contaminants into aquatic systems are among key and/or emerging drivers of environmental change affecting marine ecosystems. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that ocean acidification can have direct and indirect impacts on marine organisms although combined effects with other stressors, namely with pharmaceuticals, have received very little attention to date. The present study aimed to evaluate the impacts of the pharmaceutical drug Carbamazepine and pH 7.1, acting alone and in combination, on the clamScrobicularia plana. For this, a long-termexposure (28 days)was conducted and a set of oxidative stress markers was investigated. The results obtained showed that S. plana was able to develop mechanisms to prevent oxidative damage when under low pH for a long period, presenting higher survival when exposed to this stressor compared to CBZ or the combination of CBZ with pH 7.1. Furthermore, the toxicity of CBZ on S. plana was synergistically increased under ocean acidification conditions (CBZ + pH 7.1): specimens survival was reduced and oxidative stress was enhanced when compared to single exposures. These findings add to the growing body of evidence that ocean acidification will act to increase the toxicity of CBZ to marine organisms,which has clear implications for coastal benthic ecosystems suffering chronic pollution from pharmaceutical drugs. Elsevier B.V. 2016 Science of the Total Environment 541 977 985 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.138 2016-11-30 OPUS4-38505 Zeitschriftenartikel Pires, A.; Almeida, Ângela; Calisto, V.; Schneider, Rudolf; Esteves, V. I.; Wrona, F. J.; Soares, A. M. V. M.; Figueira, E.; Freitas, R. Long-term exposure of polychaetes to caffeine: Biochemical alterations induced in Diopatra neapolitana and Arenicola marina In the last decade studies have reported the presence of several pharmaceutical drugs in aquatic environments worldwide and an increasing effort has been done to understand the impacts induced on wildlife. Among the most abundant drugs in the environment is caffeine, which has been reported as an effective chemical anthropogenic marker. However, as for the majority of pharmaceuticals, scarce information is available on the adverse effects of caffeine on marine benthic organisms, namely polychaetes which are the most abundant group of organisms in several aquatic ecossystems. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the biochemical alterations induced by environmentally relevant concentrations of caffeine on the polychaete species Diopatra neapolitana and Arenicola marina. The results obtained demonstrated that after 28 days exposure oxidative stress was induced in both species, especially noticed in A. marina, resulting from the incapacity of antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes to prevent cells from lipid peroxidation. The present study further revealed that D. neapolitana used glycogen and proteins as energy to develop defense mechanisms while in A. marina these reserves were maintained independently on the exposure concentration, reinforcing the low capacity of this species to fight against oxidative stress. Elsevier Ltd. 2016 Environmental Pollution 2016 214 456 463 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.031 2016-11-30 OPUS4-38508 Zeitschriftenartikel Cruz, D.; Almeida, Ângela; Calisto, V.; Esteves, V. I.; Schneider, Rudolf; Wrona, F. J.; Soares, A. M. V. M.; Figueira, E.; Freitas, R. Caffeine impacts in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum: Alterations on energy reserves, metabolic activity and oxidative stress biomarkers Caffeine is known to be one of the most consumed psychoactive drugs. For this reason, caffeine is continuously released into the environment with potential impacts on inhabiting organisms. The current study evaluated the biochemical alterations induced in the clam species Ruditapes philippinarum after exposure for 28 days to caffeine (0.5, 3.0 and 18.0 mg/L). The results obtained showed that, with the increasing caffeine concentrations, an increase in clams defense mechanisms (such as antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes activity) was induced which was accompanied by an increase in protein content. Nevertheless, although an increase on defense mechanisms was observed, clams were not able to prevent cells from lipid peroxidation that increased with the increase of caffeine concentration. Furthermore, with the increase of exposure concentrations, clams increased their metabolic activity (measured by electron transport activity), reducing their energy reserves (glycogen content), to fight against oxidative stress. Overall, the present study demonstrated that caffeine may impact bivalves, even at environmentally relevant concentrations, inducing oxidative stress in organisms. The present study is an important contribution to address knowledge gaps regarding the impacts of long-term exposures to pharmaceuticals since most of the studies assessed the effects after acute exposures, most of them up to 96 h. Elsevier Ltd. 2016 Chemosphere 2016 160 95 103 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.068 2016-11-30 OPUS4-38509 Zeitschriftenartikel Pires, A.; Almeida, Ângela; Calisto, V.; Schneider, Rudolf; Esteves, V. I.; Wrona, F. J.; Soares, A. M. V. M.; Figueira, E.; Freitas, R. Hediste diversicolor as bioindicator of pharmaceutical pollution: Results from single and combined exposure to carbamazepine and caffeine Several environmental stressors have been identified as key and/or emerging drivers of habitat change that could significantly influence marine near-shore ecosystems. These include increasing discharges of pharmaceutical contaminants into the aquatic coastal systems. Pharmaceutical drugs are often detected in aquatic environments but still information on their toxicity impacts on inhabiting species is scarce, especially when acting in combination. Furthermore, almost no information is available on the impacts of pharmaceuticals in polychaetes, often the most abundant taxon in benthic communities and commonly used as indicator species of environmental conditions. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the biochemical alterations induced in the polychaete Hediste diversicolor, from a low contaminated area at the Ria de Aveiro lagoon (Portugal), by the antiepileptic drug carbamazepine (0.0 - control, 0.3, 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0 μg/L) and the stimulant caffeine (0.0 - control, 0.5, 3.0, and 18.0 μg/L), acting alone and in combination (0.3 CBZ + 0.5 CAF and 6.0 CBZ + 3.0 CAF). Glutathione Stransferases (GSTs), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities was determined in Hediste diversicolor from each condition. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione reduced and oxidized (GSH and GSSG), glycogen and electron transport system (ETS) were also measured. The results obtained clearly revealed that both drugs induced oxidative stress in H. diversicolor, shown by the increase on LPO levels and decrease on total glutathione and GSH/GSSG ratio with the increase of exposure concentrations. Furthermore, the present findings demonstrated that polychaetes biotransformation capacity as well as antioxidant defense mechanisms were not sufficiently efficient to fight against the excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to LPO when organisms were exposed to both drugs. Our results also demonstrated that polychaetes tended to decrease the activity of ETSwhen exposed to drugs, avoiding energy expenditurewhich may prevent them fromgreater damages. The present study further revealed that the impacts induced by the combination of both drugswere similar to those obtained at the highest drugs concentrations acting alone. Elsevier Inc. 2016 Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C 2016 188 30 38 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.06.003 2016-11-30