Dokument-ID Dokumenttyp Autoren/innen Persönliche Herausgeber/innen Haupttitel Abstract Auflage Verlagsort Verlag Herausgeber (Institution) Erscheinungsjahr Titel des übergeordneten Werkes Jahrgang/Band ISBN Veranstaltung Veranstaltungsort Beginndatum der Veranstaltung Enddatum der Veranstaltung Ausgabe/Heft Erste Seite Letzte Seite URN DOI Lizenz Datum der Freischaltung OPUS4-38505 Zeitschriftenartikel Pires, A.; Almeida, Ângela; Calisto, V.; Schneider, Rudolf; Esteves, V. I.; Wrona, F. J.; Soares, A. M. V. M.; Figueira, E.; Freitas, R. Long-term exposure of polychaetes to caffeine: Biochemical alterations induced in Diopatra neapolitana and Arenicola marina In the last decade studies have reported the presence of several pharmaceutical drugs in aquatic environments worldwide and an increasing effort has been done to understand the impacts induced on wildlife. Among the most abundant drugs in the environment is caffeine, which has been reported as an effective chemical anthropogenic marker. However, as for the majority of pharmaceuticals, scarce information is available on the adverse effects of caffeine on marine benthic organisms, namely polychaetes which are the most abundant group of organisms in several aquatic ecossystems. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the biochemical alterations induced by environmentally relevant concentrations of caffeine on the polychaete species Diopatra neapolitana and Arenicola marina. The results obtained demonstrated that after 28 days exposure oxidative stress was induced in both species, especially noticed in A. marina, resulting from the incapacity of antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes to prevent cells from lipid peroxidation. The present study further revealed that D. neapolitana used glycogen and proteins as energy to develop defense mechanisms while in A. marina these reserves were maintained independently on the exposure concentration, reinforcing the low capacity of this species to fight against oxidative stress. Elsevier Ltd. 2016 Environmental Pollution 2016 214 456 463 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.031 2016-11-30 OPUS4-38509 Zeitschriftenartikel Pires, A.; Almeida, Ângela; Calisto, V.; Schneider, Rudolf; Esteves, V. I.; Wrona, F. J.; Soares, A. M. V. M.; Figueira, E.; Freitas, R. Hediste diversicolor as bioindicator of pharmaceutical pollution: Results from single and combined exposure to carbamazepine and caffeine Several environmental stressors have been identified as key and/or emerging drivers of habitat change that could significantly influence marine near-shore ecosystems. These include increasing discharges of pharmaceutical contaminants into the aquatic coastal systems. Pharmaceutical drugs are often detected in aquatic environments but still information on their toxicity impacts on inhabiting species is scarce, especially when acting in combination. Furthermore, almost no information is available on the impacts of pharmaceuticals in polychaetes, often the most abundant taxon in benthic communities and commonly used as indicator species of environmental conditions. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the biochemical alterations induced in the polychaete Hediste diversicolor, from a low contaminated area at the Ria de Aveiro lagoon (Portugal), by the antiepileptic drug carbamazepine (0.0 - control, 0.3, 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0 μg/L) and the stimulant caffeine (0.0 - control, 0.5, 3.0, and 18.0 μg/L), acting alone and in combination (0.3 CBZ + 0.5 CAF and 6.0 CBZ + 3.0 CAF). Glutathione Stransferases (GSTs), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities was determined in Hediste diversicolor from each condition. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione reduced and oxidized (GSH and GSSG), glycogen and electron transport system (ETS) were also measured. The results obtained clearly revealed that both drugs induced oxidative stress in H. diversicolor, shown by the increase on LPO levels and decrease on total glutathione and GSH/GSSG ratio with the increase of exposure concentrations. Furthermore, the present findings demonstrated that polychaetes biotransformation capacity as well as antioxidant defense mechanisms were not sufficiently efficient to fight against the excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to LPO when organisms were exposed to both drugs. Our results also demonstrated that polychaetes tended to decrease the activity of ETSwhen exposed to drugs, avoiding energy expenditurewhich may prevent them fromgreater damages. The present study further revealed that the impacts induced by the combination of both drugswere similar to those obtained at the highest drugs concentrations acting alone. Elsevier Inc. 2016 Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C 2016 188 30 38 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.06.003 2016-11-30 OPUS4-43297 Zeitschriftenartikel Schneider, Rudolf; Almeida, Ângela; Calisto, V.; Esteves, V.I.; Soares, A.M.V.M.; Figueira, E.; Freitas, R. Toxicity associated to uptake and depuration of carbamazepine in the clam Scrobicularia plana under a chronic exposure Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an antiepileptic drug commonly detected in aquatic systems, with toxic effects to inhabiting organisms. Limited information is known on stress response biomarkers associated to bioconcentration and depuration of CBZ in aquatic organisms. Moreover, few studies addressed if the response and recovery of organisms to a contaminant can change when they are collected in a contaminated site. This study intended to understand the bioconcentration and depuration of CBZ combined with its toxicological impact in Scrobicularia plana clams collected from two contrasting areas (MIRA, Mira channel, non-contaminated and LAR, Laranjo bay, arithropogenically impacted) from the Ria de Aveiro (Portugal). The clams were exposed for 14 days to environmentally relevant CBZ concentrations (0.0, 4.0 and 8.0 mu g/L), followed by a 14 day depuration period. CBZ concentrations in S. plana tissues were rapidly bioconcentrated during the exposure period. In the depuration period CBZ was eliminated, in some extent. The main toxic effects occurred at the highest concentration (8.0 mu g/L) after 14 days of exposure in which the clams from LAR accumulated ahigher CBZ concentration (LAR: similar to 10 ng/g FW) than clams from MIRA (MIRA: similar to 7 ng/g FW). LAR clams exhibited higher oxidative damage at this concentration, demonstrated by higher LPO levels over time (increase of similar to 1.4% relative to control) and, in comparison with MIRA clams (LAR: 17.7 nmol/g FW; MIRA: 11.4 nmol/g FW). After the depuration period, LAR clams recovered from the stress induced by CBZ. A decrease in LPO for LAR (decrease of similar to 40% in relation to the end of the exposure period) was accompanied by a decrease in CBZ tissue concentrations (decrease of similar to 61% relative to the end of the exposure period). MIRA clams were not oxidatively injured (low LPO levels remained unchanged after the depuration and CBZ decreased similar to 80% relative to the end of the exposure period). 2017 SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 580 1129 1145 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.069 2017-12-05