TY  - CONF
A1  - Resch-Genger, Ute
T1  - Quantifying the total and accessible amount of surface functionalities and ligands on nano-materials: Overview and recommended methods
N2  - Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) with various chemical compositions and surface functionalities are routinely fabricated for industrial applications such as medical diagnostics, drug delivery, sensing, catalysis, energy conversion and storage, opto-electronics, and information storage. NP function, interaction with biological species, and environmental fate are largely determined by surface functionalities. This calls for reliable, reproducible, and standardized surface characterization methods, which are vital for quality control of NPs, and mandatory to meet increasing concerns regarding their safety. Validated and standardized workflows for surface analysis are also increasingly requested by industry, international standardization organizations, regulatory agencies, and policymakers. To establish comparable measurements of surface functionalities across different labs and ease instrument performance validation, reference test materials and reference materials of known surface chemistry as well as reference data are needed.
In the following, different methods for determining surface functionalities on ligand-stabilized core and core/shell NPs include advanced techniques are presented and discussed regarding method-inherent advantages and limitations. Special emphasis is dedicated to traceable quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR), X-ray electron spectroscopy (XPS) and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), and simpler optical and electrochemical methods.
T2  - LNE Workshop
CY  - Paris, France
DA  - 04.11.2025
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Nano
KW  - Particle
KW  - Synthesis
KW  - Characterization
KW  - Advanced material
KW  - Surface
KW  - Standardization
KW  - Reference material
KW  - Functional group
KW  - Quantification
KW  - Coating
KW  - Automation
KW  - Potentiometry
KW  - Method
KW  - Validation
KW  - Optical assay
KW  - Fluram
KW  - Fluorescamine
KW  - qNMR
KW  - Comparison
KW  - ILC
PY  - 2025
AN  - OPUS4-64726
LA  - eng
AD  - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER  -