TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zhuang, Yiling
A1  - Haderlein, Stefan B.
A1  - Lutze, Holger V.
A1  - Sun, Chen
A1  - Fink, Friedrich
A1  - Paul, Andrea
A1  - Spahr, Stephanie
T1  - Persulfate activation by biochar for trace organic contaminant removal from urban stormwater
JF  - Water Research
N2  - Persistent and mobile trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) in urban stormwater are difficult to remove through sedimentation- or sorption-based treatment and pose a risk to aquatic ecosystems and drinking water supplies. We demonstrate that the chemical oxidant peroxydisulfate (PDS) can be activated by shrimp shell biochar at pH 7 to form reactive species that selectively react with widespread stormwater contaminants. Of 11 TrOCs tested, oxidative transformation was observed for 1,3-diphenylguanidine, 2-hydroxybenzothiazole, 1H-benzotriazole, 5-methyl-benzotriazole, and diuron during water treatment with biochar and PDS. Laboratory batch experiments conducted with street runoff and a synthetic water showed that the water matrix, containing up to 7.5 mg L-1 dissolved organic carbon and 100 mM chloride, had a minor effect on the formation of reactive species and contaminant transformation. Using a set of scavengers and probe compounds, we provide evidence for singlet oxygen (1O2) as the predominant reactive species in the biochar/PDS system, which is in agreement with the selectivity of the process to oxidize electron-rich organic contaminants. The results of our study inform new strategies for stormwater treatment using heterogeneous oxidation processes for the abatement of persistent and mobile organic contaminants.
KW  - Stormwater treatment
KW  - Oxidation processes
KW  - Pyrogenic carbon
PY  - 2025
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-637952
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123921
SN  - 0043-1354
VL  - 284
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
PB  - Elsevier Ltd.
AN  - OPUS4-63795
LA  - eng
AD  - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER  -