TY - JOUR A1 - Ye, S. A1 - Loll, B. A1 - Berger, A. A1 - Mülow, Ulrike A1 - Alings, C. A1 - Wahl, M. A1 - Koksch, B. T1 - Fluorine teams up with water to restore inhibitor activity to mutant BPTI T2 - Chemical Science N2 - Introducing fluorine into molecules has a wide range of effects on their physicochemical properties, often desirable but in most cases unpredictable. The fluorine atom imparts the C–F bond with low polarizability and high polarity, and significantly affects the behavior of neighboring functional groups, in a covalent or noncovalent manner. Here, we report that fluorine, present in the form of a single fluoroalkyl amino acid side chain in the P1 position of the well-characterized serine-protease inhibitor BPTI, can fully restore inhibitor activity to a mutant that contains the corresponding hydrocarbon side chain at the same site. High resolution crystal structures were obtained for four BPTI variants in complex with bovine b-trypsin, revealing changes in the stoichiometry and dynamics of water molecules in the S1 subsite. These results demonstrate that the introduction of fluorine into a protein environment can result in “chemical complementation” that has a significantly favorable impact on protein–protein interactions. PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge KW - serine-protease inhibitor KW - crystal structures KW - Peptide synthesis PY - 2015 UR - https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/35898 AN - OPUS4-35898 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-358987 IS - 9 SP - 5246 EP - 5254 AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany