TY - JOUR A1 - Simon, Franz-Georg A1 - Holm, Olaf T1 - Reduction of natural resource use by improving resource efficiency T2 - Universal Journal of Materials Science N2 - In 2011, the German Association of Engineers (VDI) started working on a set of guidelines dealing with the improvement of resource efficiency. These guidelines represent a framework that defines resource efficiency and outlines proposals for the producing industry. A special guideline for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is included as well as guidelines on methodologies for evaluating resource use indicators, such as the cumulative raw material demand of products and production systems. The work on resource use indicators is still in progress. The evaluation of raw materials expenditure will include water, soil and land use. The model will include the availability of raw materials (criticality). Improving resource efficiency at the end-of-life stage is illustrated in this paper by the example of materials recovery from waste, here from residues out of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI). With mechanical treatment valuable materials like ferrous and non-ferrous metals and secondary construction material can be extracted from MSWI bottom ash. The potential contribution on the resource efficiency is discussed. PB - Horizon Research Publishing CY - Alhambra, CA, USA KW - Resource efficiency KW - Raw material equivalent KW - Mechanical treatment KW - Bottom ash KW - Waste incineration KW - Secondary raw materials KW - Product life cycle PY - 2016 UR - https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/35649 AN - OPUS4-35649 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-356490 UR - http://www.hrpub.org/journals/jour_archive.php?id=62&iid=877 SN - 2331-6691 SN - 2331-6705 VL - 4 IS - 3 SP - 54 EP - 59 AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany