TY - GEN A1 - Even, Morgane T1 - Formaldehyde Emissions from Wooden Toys: Method Comparison and Exposure Assessment N2 - Formaldehyde is considered as carcinogenic and is emitted from particleboards and plywood used in toy manufacturing. Currently, the flask method is frequently used in Europe for market surveillance purposes to assess formaldehyde release from toys, but its concordance to levels measured in emission test chambers is poor. Surveillance laboratories are unable to afford laborious and expensive emission chamber testing to comply with a new amendment of the European Toy Directive; they need an alternative method that can provide reliable results. Therefore, the application of miniaturised emission test chambers was tested. Comparisons between a 1 m3 emission test chamber and 44 mL microchambers with two particleboards over 28 days and between a 24 L desiccator chamber and the microchambers with three puzzle samples over 10 days resulted in a correlation coefficient r2 of 0.834 for formaldehyde at steady state. The correlation between the results obtained in microchambers vs. flask showed a high variability over 10 samples (r2: 0.145), thereby demonstrating the error-proneness of the flask method in comparison to methods carried out under ambient parameters. An exposure assessment was also performed for three toy puzzles: indoor formaldehyde concentrations caused by puzzles were not negligible (up to 8 μg/m3), especially when more conservative exposure scenarios were considered. T2 - OE conference CY - Online meeting DA - 23.03.2021 KW - Formaldehyde KW - Wooden toys PY - 2021 UR - https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/52330 AN - OPUS4-52330 AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany