@article{GraeskeSchulz2025, author = {Gr{\"a}ske, Johannes and Schulz, Christin}, title = {Workplace Violence Among Nurses - German Translation and Validation of the HABS-U}, doi = {10.58123/aliceopen-656}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b1533-opus-6562}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Background: Workplace violence (WPV) represents a significant occupational hazard for nurses, impacting their mental and physical well-being. While instruments for assessing WPV exist, no validated German-language tool is currently available. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Healthcare-worker's Aggressive Behavior Scale-Users (HABS-U) for use in Germany (HABS-UG). Methods: A five-phase translation and cultural adaptation process was conducted, followed by a cross-sectional study involving 468 nurses working in hospitals, nursing homes, and outpatient care facilities in Germany. Data were collected through an online survey, and psychometric evaluation included reliability analysis using Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results: The HABS-Ug demonstrated excellent internal consistency across its subdomains (physical violence: α = .811; non-physical violence: α = .933; total score: α = .935). CFA indicated a good model fit (χ² p = .937, RMSEA = .000, CFI = 1.000, SRMR = .000). Convergent validity was supported by moderate to strong correlations between subdomain scores and reported physical and verbal violence. Discussion: The HABS-UG is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing WPV among nurses in Germany. Future research should explore its longitudinal utility and applicability across diverse healthcare settings. This tool provides a critical foundation for developing evidence-based interventions to mitigate WPV and improve workplace safety for nurses.}, language = {de} }