FG Thermische Energietechnik
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
Way of publication
- Open Access (2)
Keywords
- CCS (2)
- Elektrolyse (2)
- Kraftwerk (2)
- Simulation (2)
- Alkalische Reaktion (1)
- Benchmarking (1)
- Braunkohle (1)
- Brennkammer (1)
- Brennstoffzelle (1)
- CCS Kraftwerk (1)
Institute
BTU
Investigation of oxyfuel combustion by numerical simulation with different turbulent flow models
(2009)
EBSILON®Professional is a powerful modelling system developed for the simulation of thermodynamic cycles.
It is suitable as a tool for plant planning, design and optimization of thermal power plants with a steam process or a gas turbine process as well as plants with renewable energies (biomass, wind energy, solar energy and geothermal energy).
The introduction describes the basic principles and the working steps to create a model of the plant. Furthermore, the work with the internal programming environment EbsScript and the handling of the calculation of time series is presented.
As power generation from variable renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power continues to increase in the future, fewer baseload power plants will be needed. As a result, high operational flexibility is becoming a vital requirement for conventional power plants to allow for the smooth integration of the variable renewable energy sources (v-RES) into the grid. To understand the impact of high operational flexibility (increased cycling) for coal-fired power plant materials, five commercial coal boiler superheater and reheater materials were investigated under isothermal and cyclic conditions for 1000 h each. The candidate alloys investigated were: T91, VM12-SHC, TP347-HFG, DMV304 HCu and DMV310 N. The results (weight change kinetics and metallographic analysis) after exposure at a metal surface temperature of 650 °C clearly showed the impact of increased flexibility on the corrosion and oxidation of the materials. Oxide growth (weight gain), metal loss, oxide spallation, and grain boundary attack were found to be more severe under cyclic conditions than under isothermal conditions.
Heat-transfer from horizontal tube bundles into fluidized beds with Geldart A lignite particles
(2014)
This work investigates the heat transfer mechanism in fluidized beds equipped with horizontal heat exchanger surfaces such as single tubes and especially tube bundles.
Previous works were performed for varying operating conditions and solids' material properties, leading to a heterogeneous and therefore not applicable spectrum of derived correlations for the influence of tube diameter and tube bundle geometry on heat transfer.
Based on a wide range validation of the correlation for the influence of single tube diameter on heat transfer coefficient, tube bundles with different tube diameters and horizontal and vertical spacings and alignments were investigated. Experiments were carried out using electrical heat transfer probes in a 0.15 m2 fluidized bed test facility at ambient conditions. Geldart A lignite and Geldart D solids were used in order to distinguish between predominant particle-convective and gas-convective heat transfer mechanisms.
The tube bundle reduction factor on heat transfer coefficient was derived as a key parameter based on dimensionless geometric numbers. This factor predicts the reduction of the heat transfer coefficient compared to that of the single tube due to the particle and gas flow disturbances caused by the immersed tubes.
Tube diameter as well as tube bundle geometry were successfully implemented into useful correlations for predicting tube bundles' heat transfer of gas–solid fluidized bed systems operating with fine particles.
Gaspotentiometrische Abbranduntersuchungen verschiedener Kohlen in Luft- und O2/CO2-Atmosphären
(2009)
The German Energiewende is resulting in high grid load changes caused by renewable energies. Therefore flexibility of power plants is getting more and more important. Future CCS power plants are usually equipped with more components than conventional power plants, resulting in a more complex and inert reaction on changes in power output. Additionally, due to the change in price structures and higher fixed and operational costs for CCS power plants, it is harder for them to be economically efficient. This study will show different options to increase the flexibility of CCS power plants and evaluate their benefits.
The challenges in maintaining a stable oxy-coal flame have been reported in the open literature. In case of pulverized coal combustion, narrower flammable regimes arise not only of differences in the feed gas composition, but also due to changes in the flow dynamics because of reduced volume flow rate through the burners to match similar temperatures and radiative heat transfer within the furnace. The present work focuses on the study of flame structure and stability of pre-dried lignite fired by a staged feed-gas burner. Experimental runs were carried out in a 0.40 MWth laboratory facility, with the objective of investigating the effects of swirl strength and feed gas distribution in the burner registers. To assess the experimental data, a numerical study of the non-reacting flow in the near burner region is performed. Predicted flow pattern and flame images show that the primary fuel jet penetrates the internal recirculation zone, forming an annular doughnut reverse flow region for both firing conditions and resembling a type-1 flame pattern. Temperature measurements indicate that the feed gas distribution among the burner registers control the flame temperature in parallel with the swirl number in both air-fired and oxy-fired environments. The oxy-fuel cases exhibite markedly reduced temperatures on the flame axis. This difference in the core arises not just from the more pronounced penetration depth of the primary jet, but also due to reaction mechanisms including pyrolysis and gasification reactions at the higher concentrations of CO2 and water vapor. Flame stabilization is shown to be strongly dependent on an appropriate distribution of the feed gas and strength of swirling flow in the burner front. The results correlated in terms of swirl number, secondary/tertiary flow ratio and secondary/primary axial momentum point to similarities in the stability limits between air-firing and oxy-firing.
First modeling results of an advanced pressurized alkaline electrolyzer for hydrogen production
(2012)
The present study investigates the fireside corrosion behavior of selected superheater materials, namely: T24, P92,
VM12-SHC, A800HT, and 7RE10 under oxy-coal combustion atmospheres. Data on mass change, scale thickness,
metal loss, surface morphology and micro-structural characteristics of corrosion products were obtained. The alloy
specimens were analyzed by SEM-EDX, light microscopy and X-Ray diffraction techniques. The results after
2000 hours of exposure at a metal surface temperature of 600 °C indicate that metal wastage increased with
decreasing Cr-content under oxy-coal conditions.
Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde ein Berechnungsmodell zur thermisch-geometrischen Dimensionierung eines kontinuierlich arbeitenden Druck-Wirbelschicht-Verdampfungs-Trockners mit Tauchheizflächen für polydisperse Braunkohle erstellt. Zunächst wurde auf Basis experimenteller Ergebnisse eine strukturell optimierte Grundgleichung zur Beschreibung des zeitlichen Feuchteverlaufes entwickelt. Dabei wurden die Besonderheiten des Trocknungsgutes (z.B. die Polydispersität und die Ausbildung einer Gleichgewichtsfeuchte) berücksichtigt. Mit Hilfe der für den Trockner aufgestellten Energiebilanzen wurde ein Modell zur Beschreibung des zeitlichen Verdampfungstrocknungsverlaufes entwickelt. Dabei wurde auch der Einfluss des Druckes in den Subgleichungen und Stoffwertberechnungen berücksichtigt. (Der Überdruck ist einer der Hauptunterschiede der DDWT zu zahlreichen anderen Trocknungsverfahren). Weiterführend wurde unter Anwendung der Gleichungen zur Beschreibung der wirbelschicht-bedingten asymmetrischen Verweilzeitverteilung ein Gesamtmodell – das Trockner-Auslegungs-Modell (TRAM) – entwickelt und die Modellarchitektur detailliert beschrieben.
Electrochemical energy conversion technologies play a crucial role in space missions, for example, in the Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) on the International Space Station (ISS). They are also vitally important for future long-term space travel for oxygen, fuel and chemical production, where a re-supply of resources from Earth is not possible. Here, we provide an overview of currently existing electrolytic energy conversion technologies for space applications such as proton exchange membrane (PEM) and alkaline electrolyzer systems. We discuss the governing interfacial processes in these devices influenced by reduced gravitation and provide an outlook on future applications of electrolysis systems in, e.g., in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) technologies. A perspective of computational modelling to predict the impact of the reduced gravitational environment on governing electrochemical processes is also discussed and experimental suggestions to better understand efficiency-impacting processes such as gas bubble formation and detachment in reduced gravitational environments are outlined.
EBSILON®Professional ist ein leistungsfähiges Modellierungssystem, welches zur Simulation von thermodynamischen Kreisprozessen entwickelt wurde.
Es eignet sich als Hilfsmittel bei der Anlagenplanung, -auslegung und -optimierung von thermischen Kraftwerken mit einem Wasserdampf-Prozess oder einem Gasturbinen-Prozess sowie Anlagen mit erneuerbaren Energien (Biomasse, Windenergie, Solarenergie und Geothermie).
Die Einführung beschreibt die Grundprinzipien und die Arbeitsschritte zur Erstellung eines Modells der Anlage. Weiterhin wird die Arbeit mit der internen Programmierungsumgebung EbsScript und der Umgang mit der Berechnung von Zeitreihen vorgestellt.
Einfluss der Modellierung des Impulsaustausches auf die Eigenschaften von Braunkohlewirbelschichten
(2011)
Ein braunkohlebasierter Kombikraftwerksprozeß (ZDWSF) - Anlagenkonzept und Betriebsergebnisse
(2004)
Dynamische Modellierung und Verfügbarkeitsmodellierung großer braunkohlegefeuerter Kraftwerke
(2002)
Druckelektrolyse zur Wasserstoffherstellung- eine Kurzübersicht zu energetischen Vor- und Nachteilen
(2015)
At first I was wondering what the structure of an article about pressurized steam fluidized bed drying could look like. After some thought, I knew that it should be divided into two parts. In order to highlight the creative and inventive spirit of former engineers, as well as their struggle to increase the efficiency of drying machines, a historical outline of the drying technology in general and the concept of steam fluidized bed drying in particular will form the first part of the article. The second part will present the practical and research contribution of Prof. Krautz and his colleagues to the advancement of this field. The article as a whole will be able to provide an overview of the coal/lignite drying, with focus on the pressurized steam fluidized bed drying principle implemented in the Lusatian mining area.