LS Bodenschutz und Rekultivierung
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Conference Proceeding (169)
- Scientific journal article peer-reviewed (143)
- Part of a book (chapter) (118)
- Article (114)
- Scientific journal article not peer-reviewed (60)
- Doctoral thesis (20)
- Book (publisher) (11)
- Report (8)
- Book (4)
- Habilitation (1)
Keywords
- Kurzumtriebsplantage (2)
- ecosystem development (2)
- pedogenesis (2)
- 2009 Fall Meeting (1)
- Agroforstsystem (1)
- Biodiversität (1)
- Biogeosciences (1)
- Biogeosciences / Ecosystems, structure and dynamics (1)
- Biogeosciences / Modeling (1)
- Biogeosciences / Soils / pedology (1)
- Biomasse (1)
- Bodenpilze (1)
- Carboxylate (1)
- Cottbus (1)
- DOC (1)
- Earth and Planetary Surface Processes (EP) (1)
- Ektotrophe Mykorrhiza (1)
- Energieholzanbau (1)
- Hühnerwasser (1)
- Kurzumtriebsplantagen (1)
- Künstliches Wassereinzugsgebiet (1)
- Pinus nigra (1)
- Pinus sylvestris (1)
- Scots pine (1)
- Springschwänze (1)
- Verteilung (1)
- Waldkiefer (1)
- Windenergienutzung (1)
- amelioration (1)
- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (1)
- artificial catchment (1)
- bioavailability (1)
- heterogeneity (1)
- initial development (1)
- interactive survey panel (1)
- lingite mining (1)
- microbial succession (1)
- morphology (1)
- pyrite (1)
- restoration measures (1)
- root growth (1)
- soil crusts (1)
- soils (1)
- vegetation succession (1)
Institute
- FG Bodenschutz und Rekultivierung (648)
- Forschungszentrum Landschaftsentwicklung und Bergbaulandschaften (FZLB) (109)
- Zentrale Analytik der BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg (ZA-BTU) / Zentrales Analytisches Labor (30)
- FG Hydrologie (24)
- FG Geopedologie und Landschaftsentwicklung (23)
- FG Ökologie (8)
- FG Gewässerökologie (5)
- FG Biotechnologie der Wasseraufbereitung (4)
- FG Umweltplanung (1)
Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVIs) are typically determined using satellite or airborne remote sensing, or field portable spectrometers, which give an averaged signal on centimetre to metre scale plots. Biological soil crust (BSC) patches may have smaller sizes, and ecophysiological, hydrological as well as pedological processes may be heterogeneously distributed within this level of resolution. A ground-based NDVI imaging procedure using low-cost equipment (Olympus Camedia 5000z digital camera equipped with a Hoya R72 infrared filter) was developed in this study to fill this gap at the level of field research, where carrying costly and bulky equipment to remote locations is often the limiting factor for data collection. Method principle and field data are presented, and the field experiment was deepened comparing NDVI measurements and CO2 turnover of soil crust samples in the laboratory, backing the reliability of the approach.
A commercially available colour rendition chart with known red (600–700 nm) and NIR (800–900 nm) reflectances was placed into each scene and used for calibration purposes on a per-image basis. Generation of NDVI images involved (i) determination of red and NIR reflectances from the pixel values of the red and NIR channels, respectively, and (ii) calculation and imaging of the NDVI, where NDVI values of −1 to +1 were mapped to grey values of 0 to 255. The correlation between NDVI values retrieved from these images and NDVI values determined using field spectrometry was close (r2 = 0.91), the 95% confidence interval amounted to 0.10 NDVI units. The pixel resolution was 0.8 mm in the field and 0.2 mm in the laboratory, but can still be improved significantly with closer distance to the crust or with higher camera resolution. NDVI values obtained using the new method were related to the net CO2 uptake of BSCs, where both slope and correlation coefficient of the respective regression function conformed with literature data. Geostatistical analysis revealed that both spatial variability of net CO2 uptake as well as size of individual hot spots of this parameter increased with crust development. The latter never exceeded 4 mm in the investigated crusts, which points to the necessity of high resolution imaging for linking remote sensing with ecophysiology. Perspectively, the new method could be used for field monitoring of both biological soil crusts and vascular vegetation.
The dynamics of microbial degradation of exogenous contaminants, n-hexadecane and its primary microbial oxidized metabolite, n-hexadecanoic (palmitic) acid, was studied for topsoils, under agricultural management and beech forest on the basis the changes in O2 uptake, CO2 evolution and its associated microbial and non-microbial carbon isotopic signature, the respiratory quotient (RQ) and the priming effect (PE) of substrates. Soil microbial communities in agricultural soil responded to the n-hexadecane addition more rapidly compared to those of forest soil, with lag-periods of about 23 ± 10 and 68 ± 13 hours, respectively. Insignificant difference in the lag-period duration was detected for agricultural (tlag = 30 ± 13 h) and forest (tlag = 30 ± 14 h) soils treated with n-hexadecanoic (palmitic) acid. These results demonstrate that the soil microbiota differed in metabolic activities for using n-hexadecane as a reductive hydrocarbon and n-hexadecanoic acid as a partly oxidized hydrocarbon. The corresponding δ13C of respired CO2 after the addition of the hydrocarbon contaminants to soils indicates a shift in microbial activity towards the consumption of exogenous substrates with a more complete degradation of n-hexadecane in the agricultural soil, for which some initial contents of hydrocarbons are inherent. It was reflected in the carbon isotope signature of microbial biomass. It is supposed that the observed deviation of RQ from theoretically calculated value under microbial substrate mineralization is determined by difference in the time (Δti) of registration of CO2 production and O2 consumption. Positive priming effect (PE) of n-hexadecane and negative PE of n-hexadecanoic (palmitic) acid were detected in agricultural and forest soils. It is suggested that positive PE of n-hexadecane is conditioned by the induction of microbial enzymes that perform hydroxylation/oxygenation of stable SOM compounds mineralized by soil microbiota to CO2. The microbial metabolism coupled with oxidative decarboxylation of n-hexadecanoic acid is considered as one of the most probable causes of the revealed negative PE value.
Wie beeinflussen Kiefern (Pinus sylvestris L.) die Entwicklung der Benetzungshemmung auf Sandböden?
(2011)
High resolution mapping of Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVI) of biological soil crusts
(2012)
Dew formation was investigated in three developmental stages of biological soil crusts (BSC), which were collected along a catena of an inland dune and in the initial substrate. The Penman equation, which was developed for saturated surfaces, was modified for unsaturated surfaces and used for prediction of dewfall rates. The levels of surface saturation required for this approach were predicted using the water retention functions and the thicknesses of the BSCs. During a single event, dewfall increased with crust development from 0.08 kg m−2 for the initial substrate to 0.10, 0.20 and 0.25 kg m−2 for crusts stages 1 to 3, respectively, which was well reflected by the model response. The suggested mechanism of dew formation involves a delay in water saturation in near-surface soil pores and EPS where the crusts were thicker and where the water capacity was high, resulting in elevated vapor flux towards the surface. The results also indicate that the amount of dewfall was too low to observe water flow into deeper soil. Analysis of the soil water retention curves revealed that, despite the sandy mineral matrix, moist crusts with clogged by swollen EPS pores exhibited a clay-like behavior. It is hypothesized that BSCs gain double benefit from suppressing their competitors by runoff generation and from improving their water supply by dew collection. Despite higher amounts of dew, the water availability to the crust community decreases with crust development, which may be compensated by ecophysiological adaptation of crust organisms, and which may further suppress higher vegetation or mosses.
Boden und Standortqualität
(2009)
Decomposition of needle-, herb- and root- litter and Of-layer humus in three scots pine stands
(1998)
Seasonal variability of organic matter and N input with litterfall in three scots pine stands
(1998)
Cyanobacteria and green algae present in biological soil crusts are able to colonize mineral substrates even under extreme environmental conditions. As pioneer organisms, they play a key role during the first phases of habitat colonization. A characteristic crust was sampled 3 years after installation of the artificial water catchment “Chicken creek”, thus representing an early successional stage of ecosystem development. Mean annual rainfall and temperature were 559 mm and 9.3°C, respectively. We combined scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX) and infrared (FTIR) microscopy to study the contact zone of algal and cyanobacterial mucilage with soil minerals in an undisturbed biological soil crust and in the subjacent sandy substrate. The crust was characterized by an approximately 50 μm thick surface layer, where microorganisms resided and where mineral deposition was trapped, and by an approximately 2.5 mm thick lower crust where mineral particles were stabilized by organo-mineral structures. SEM/EDX microscopy was used to determine the spatial distribution of elements, organic compounds and minerals were identified using FTIR microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The concentration of organic carbon in the crust was about twice as much as in the parent material. Depletion of Fe, Al and Mn in the lower crust and in the subjacent 5 mm compared to the geological substrate was observed. This could be interpreted as the initial phase of podzolization. Existence of bridging structures between mineral particles of the lower crust, containing phyllosilicates, Fe compounds and organic matter (OM), may indicate the formation of organo-mineral associations. pH decreased from 8.1 in the original substrate to 5.1 on the crust surface 3 years after construction, pointing to rapid weathering of carbonates. Weathering of silicates could not be detected.
On the basis of CO2 evolution rate, O2 uptake rate, and 13C isotopic signature of respired CO2, the metabolic response to the addition of 13C labelled n-hexadecane and palmitic acid each with supplementary nitrogen was studied for two topsoils, one under continuous agricultural management and the other under beech forest. The CO2 evolution rate was immediately stimulated in the agricultural soil and the respiratory quotient (RQ) decreased from 0.8 to 0.4 mol CO2 evolution rate per mol O2 uptake rate, which was below the theoretically expected value of 0.65 and 0.70 for the degradation of n-hexadecane and palmitic acid, respectively. The microbial response was delayed in the forest soil, but developed better than in the agricultural soil throughout the subsequent 2–4 weeks. Consequently, the respiration rate returned earlier to the initial level for the beech forest soil and the δ13C of respired CO2 and RQ approached values before hydrocarbon addition. Based on the link among respiration rates, RQ and 13C–CO2 value, the added oil-analogue compounds induced a more rapid response in the agricultural soil and were degraded more completely in the forest soil. We concluded that the resilience, which we defined here as the capacity of the soil microbiota to buffer perturbance and to reorganise in response to change resulting in a more desirable system, was higher in our forest soil than for the agricultural soil.
Soil water
(2010)
Observation of hydrological processes and structures in the artificial Chicken Creek catchment
(2011)
Influence of Ectomycorrhiza on exudation of Low Molecular Weight carboxylates in Pinus sylvestris L.
(2008)
Bergrecht - Wasserrecht
(2004)
Rehabilitation of post-mining landscapes - the lignite mining district of Lower Lusatia, Germany
(2003)
Effects of conventional and conservation tillage on soil hydraulic properties of a silty-loamy soil
(2004)
Ecological development of post-mining landscapes in the Lusatian lignite mining district (Germany)
(2004)
Ecological development of post-mining landscapes in the Lusatian lignite mining district (Germany)
(2004)
Infiltration capacity and macroporosity of a silty-loamy soil under different tillage systems
(2003)
Water repellency and hydraulic condictivity of forest soils as influenced by management practices
(2003)
Structure and function of root systems in forest ecosystems of the German northeastern lowlands
(2003)
Characterisation of organic matter and carbon cycling in rehabiltated lignite-rich mine soils.
(2003)
Boden, Wald und Wasser
(2003)
Infiltration patterns and macroporosity of silt loam soils under two different tillage systems
(2003)